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Harper Lee, in To Kill a Mockingbird, tells the story of a widowed lawyer, Atticus, and
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his children, Scout and Jem, living in Maycomb County, Alabam{y'the racisf 1930's. Atticus,
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the moral backbone of Maycomb, consistently provides his children with advice and insight on
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being a good person. When Atticus gets appointed to defend a black man named Tom Robinron,
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accused of beating and raping a nineteen-year old white girl, the town looks down on him.
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Throughout the story, Scout and Jem question Atticus' character, bu,
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they learn more
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about his decisions and grow to support him. Atticus proves to
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teaching his
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children compassion and recognition for all human beings anfconsideration fo\se with
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Lessons Beyond School: Atticus' Teachings in To Kill a Mockingbird
children compassion and recognition for all human beings andfconsideration foi
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communication skills and Lolding more respect towards others. As soon as Scout begins first
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grade, she gets on bad terms with her teacher, Miss Caroline.
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by bit," (29) Scout tells
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Atticus "the day's misfortunes" (29), and Atticus replies by saying, "You never really understand
a person until you... climb into his skin and walk around in it," (:O). eI
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\t- nlits Claroline's wrongdoings, Atticus teaches Scout the hasics for a better and more compatible
character.@Atticus,inputinlrischildren,sbehavioralfectsther,l'ayScout
communicates with and understands people. Aunt Alexandra, Atticus' sister, gets on Scout's
nerves rvhen she interrupts a question directed towards Atticus. Scout retorts, "I didn't ask you!"
(136) and Atticus immediately scolds her, saying, 'olet's get this clear: you do as Calpurnia tells
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you, you do as I tell you, and as long as your aunt's in this house, you will do as she tells you,"
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(136).Using his authority, Atticus teaches Scout respect for adults and better communication
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skills. While Atticus disagrees with Aunt Alexandra, he still understands that Scout
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with Aunt Alexandra in order to improve her personality and character.
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+Atticus
teaches his children sympathy and proper treatment of others. When Jem and
Scout receive air guns from Atticus and proceed to shooting birds and cans, their father warns to
"shoot all the blue
jays you want, if you can hit 'em, but remember it's a sin to kill a
mockingbird" (90).Confused, Scout seeks the advice of Miss Maudie, their neighbor. Miss
Maudie understands Atticus' intentions and explains thatoomockingbirds don't do one thing but
make music for us to enjoy" (90). Although indirectly sending the message about hurting the
innocent, Atticus still educates his children on consideration for all life. Via teaching his children
about proper treatment, Atticus also presents Scout and Jem with a situation in which their
decisions generate results that significantly affect other living beings. Jem, Scout, and their
friend, Dill, try to "give a note to Boo Radley" (46) and get caught by Atticus. He then lectures
them and says that "what Mr. Radley did was his own business... How would we like it if Atticus
barged in on us without knocking... We were, in effect, doing the same thing to Mr. Radley"
(49). Atticus scolds his children on improper treatment of others and explains to them the
disrespect in continually pestering people. He believes in acceptance of all types of people and
considers them all worthy of privacy and peace. Atticus teaches his children to appreciate, care
for, and treat all living beings equally.
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'\Atti.ur'rhows Scout'and Jem that misunderstanding others leads to unfair
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stereotypes; he teaches them the importance of tolerance. After Scout and Jem's predicament
with Bob Ewell, Atticus consoles his children and offers to read Scout a bedtime story. Right
before she falls asleep, Scout realizes that the antagonist was actually "real nice" (281) and
Atticus responds, "Most people are, Scout, when you finally see them" (281). Atticus shows her
that people who appear to be evil by society's definition actually prove themselves good, when
one looks past the stereotype cast upon them. In showing this to Scout, Atticus influences her to
accept and sympathize with others. Mrs. Dubose, the Finch's ancient, cantankerous neighbor,
constantly insults the family. After her death, the children learn of her morphine addiction, and
Atticus proclaims, "... she was a great lady" (l 12) confusing Jem. Atticus explains, "She had her
own views about things... I wanted you to see what real courage is, instead of getting the idea
that courage is a man with a gun in his hand. It's when you know you're licked before you begin
but you begin anyway and you see through no matter what. You rarely win, but sometimes you
do. Mrs. Dubose won, all ninety-eight pounds of her... She was the bravest person I ever knew"
(112). Atticus points his children to true determination and willpower and shor.vs them that
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appearances are deceiving. He teaches Scout and Jem that, althougtr some&rd gpp"u.t nasty or
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evil, once they look into that person's character, they come
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strength
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and perseverance of which that person encompasses. Atticus d-irectsf Scout and Jem away from
the a path of misunderstandings and labels and onto a path of kindness and respect.
Atticus educates his children on the significance of sympathy and acknowledgment for all
living beings and contemplation towards people with different views on life. Throughout the
story, Scout and Jem face different challenges: a bad relationship with a family member, the
wrongness in disturbing a solitary neighbor, and a misconception about a $azy old woman.
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From these challenges, they receive helpful lessons from Atticus: respect and patience with
others produce better communication skills, appreciating and treating others fairly creates a well-
rounded character, and understanding and caring more for people generates a happier life. Lee
attentively ties in all these lessons with a solid plot to fabricate a balanced, profound novel that
persuades the reader to delve deeper into the complexities of life and the intricacy of human
nature.

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