Criteria For Paints and Coatings

REPORT TFFR-PC/19082011-V3 1
REPORT TFFR-PC/19082011-V3

ASSESSMENT GUIDELINES
FOR GREEN BUILDING PRODUCT CERTIFICATION

PRODUCT CLASSIFICATION: FAADE AND ROOF SYSTEMS
PRODUCT GROUP: PAINTS AND COATINGS

TECHNICAL COORDINATION COMMITTEE
SINGAPORE GREEN BUILDING COUNCIL


Contents

1. INTRODUCTION .....................................................................................
1.1 Purpose ..................................................................................
1.2 Background .............................................................................

2. SCOPE ................................................................................................

3. DEFINITIONS .....................................................................................

4. EVALUATION CRITERIA ....................................................................

4.1 Energy Efficiency ..................................................................
4.1.2 Production Process
4.1.2 Product Requirements ..........
4.2 Water Efficiency .....................................................................
4.3 Resource Efficiency ...............................................................
4.4.1 Performance Durability Requirement ..
4.3.1 Recycled Content
4.3.2 Waste Minimization and Management.
4.3.3 Recyclability .
4.4 Health and Pollution Control ...................................................
4.4.1 Avoidance of Hazardous Substances in Manufacturing
4.4.2 Emission Requirements ..............................................
4.4.3 Ozone Depleting Substances .
4.5 Others .....................................................................................
4.5.1 Environmental Quality Management System ..............
4.5.2 Technical Performance / Innovation ............................
4.5.3 Carbon footprint Value of Product .
4.5.4 Legal Requirements
4.5.5 Consumer Information .

5. REFERENCES .

6. APPENDIX A: CHECKLIST FOR SUBMISSION .

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COPY RIGHT 2011 Singapore Green Building Council

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, whether electronic
or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, without the written
permission of the Singapore Green Building Council.

SGBC EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR GREEN BUILDING PRODUCT
CERTIFICATION
FAADE AND ROOF SYSTEMS: PAINTS AND COATINGS

1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 Purpose

This document aims to establish a set of evaluation criteria for Paints and Coatings under
the product certification category of Faade and Roof Systems. The primary purpose is for
Singapore Green Building Council (SGBC) to use the criteria for green building product
certification, and support the development of Building and Construction Authority (BCA)
Green Mark Scheme.

1.2 Background

Environmental impact from paint products and coating materials is due mainly to the
individual paint components and the manufacturing process itself. Paint products can
have significant impact on the environment throughout their lifecycle from the release of
environmentally harmful substances during manufacturing process, when paints are being
applied, from the paint surface itself during their useful life and when unused paint is
disposed or in paint removal.

Significant contributions to the energy consumption, global warming and environmental
pollution of paint and coating materials come from their 3 main components: pigments,
volatile organic solvents (VOC) and binders. Their impacts can be broadly classified under:

Energy use ( extraction processes of raw pigments, pigment dispersion and let-
down processes during manufacturing)
VOC emissions ( leads to global warming and environmental pollution )
Environmental safety and human health (heavy metals and toxic pigments)

With new developments in infrared reflective pigments and thermal insulation materials,
energy saving paints or thermal insulation coatings that resulting in energy conservation
and reduction of air conditioning costs are increasingly being applied on walls and facade.

The development of the criteria includes the research and study on existing green labels
of various countries under the Global Eco-labelling network. Hence, relevant criteria were
studied and extracted to derive a set of evaluation criteria to minimize the pollutant impact
on the indoor air, conserving resources and reducing energy and water consumption.

2. SCOPE

The criteria shall apply to decorative and energy-saving, liquid-applied and air-dried wall
paints, external faade coatings and solar reflective or energy saving paints. The

technology or principles for the paint performance include photocatalytic mechanisms,
self-cleansing products from either hydrophobic or hydrophilic properties or simple air dry
systems.

Clear finishes and specialty (industrial, marine or automotive) paints and coatings or those
sold in aerosol cans are not included in this document.

3. DEFINITIONS

Aromatic Solvent means any organic solvent that has a benzene ring in its molecular
structure

Component means an intermediate product used in the manufacture of paint or coating

Halogenated solvent means any volatile organic compound incorporating halogens
including fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine.

Integral part means a necessary component that is intentionally added in the paint
formulation

Paint means a pigmented liquid that is designed for application in single or multiple
layers and forms and opaque, continuous film after application to decorate or protect the
surface or conceal surface irregularities.

Coating means a pigmented resin that are converted to a solid adherent film after
application to a substrate as a thin layer and is used for decorating, protecting, identifying
or to serve some function purpose as filling or concealing of surface irregularities or the
modification of light and heat radiation characteristics.

Volatile Organic Compound means any organic compound which has a vapour
pressure more than 0.1 mmHg at 25C. This definition excludes reactive diluents, which
are designed to be chemically bound into the cured film.

Energy Management Programme means a program to achieve and sustain efficient
and effective use of energy including policies, practices, planning activities, responsibilities
and resources that affect the organisations performance for achieving the objectives and
targets of the Energy Policy.

4. EVALUATION CRITERIA

4.1 Energy Efficiency

4.1.1 Production Process

Criteria
The manufacturer shall have effective energy management policies and procedures
and/or an energy management programme and shall demonstrate initiatives being
developed to measure, report on and mitigate overall Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions.

Verification
Conformance with this requirement shall be stated in writing and signed by the Chief
Executive Officer and/or authorised representative of the applicant company. This
statement shall be accompanied by relevant quality control and production documents.

4.1.2 Product Requirements

Criteria
a) Solar Reflectance Requirement

i) Paint or coating product shall have minimal Solar Reflectance (SR) value and
thermal emissitivity as defined in Table 1 below. The test methods shall comply
with ASTM C1549 and ASTM C 1371 respectively.

ii) Solar Reflectance feature shall not have not more than 20 % relative change in
SR value after an accelerated weathering (Xenon arc weather meter) after 1000
hours. The test method for accelerated weathering shall comply with ISO 11341
or SS 5 Part G4.

iii) Paint colours with solar reflectance properties applied on walls are broadly
classified into 2 categories with reference to BS 5252 colour cards:
1. Light colours (CIE L value 0.7)
2. Dark colours (CIE L value < 0.7)

Table 1 SR Requirements
Type of Surface
Initial Flat - Low
slope
Roofs
Medium
steep
Slope
Roof
Wall Method
Slope angle 0 - 25 26- 70 >70
Initial SR
Value
0.75 0.65 0.55
(light colour)
0.25 ( dark
colour)
ASTM C
1549
Thermal
Emittance
0.8 ( for all colours) ASTM C
1371
Xenon Arc
Accelerated
Weathering
( 1000 hours)

20 %
Relative
change

20 %
Relative
change

20 %
Relative
change

ISO 11341
or SS5
Part G4

b) Thermal Insulation Requirement
i) Coatings products that have only thermal Insulation property shall have thermal
conductivity of 0.03 or less W/mK. Test method shall comply with ASTM C 518.

ii) Paint product that has both Solar Reflectance property and thermal insulation
property shall have thermal conductivity of 0.3 or less W/m K. Test method shall
comply with ASTM E 1530.

Verification
Conformance with these requirements shall be stated in writing and signed by the Chief
statement shall be accompanied by relevant quality control, independent laboratory
testing, material safety data sheets and production documents.

4.2 Water Efficiency

Criteria
The manufacturer shall have effective water management policies and procedures and
shall demonstrate initiatives being developed to improve water efficiency.

Verification

4.3 Resource Efficiency

4.3.1 Performance Durability Requirement

Criteria
Products should demonstrate performance durability in line to reducing raw material
usage and generation of new wastes. Paint colours should not show more than 20 %
relative change as measured by Grey Scale after 1000 hours of xenon arc accelerated
weathering exposures.

Verification
testing, material safety data sheets and production documents

4.3.2 Recycled Content

Criteria
Recycled paints or paints not sold but remixed into new products shall preferably have
recycled or recovered content that constitutes more than 20 % by weight of the final
product.

Verification
testing, material safety data sheets and production documents.

4.3.3 Waste Minimization and Management

Criteria
a) Policies and Procedures
The manufacturer shall have effective policies and procedures to minimize waste,
including measures to recycle waste materials from the production process.

b) Disposal Records and Testing
Disposal of unused products has been identified as one of the main sources of
waste from paints and coating manufacturers.
Manufacturers must be able to maintain an annual record of waste disposal
measures with regular leaching tests and comply with the recommended
acceptance criteria for suitability of industrial wastes for landfill disposal by National
Environment Agency (NEA).

Applicants need to show test reports of their waste materials that show absence of
toxic metals (not polluting the environment).

Verification
statement shall be accompanied by relevant quality control and production documents on
waste generation, minimisation and management.

4.3.4 Recyclabilty

Criteria
a) Packaging Materials
Paint containers shall preferably be made of materials that are able to be recycled.
Before use, packaging must not be impregnated, labeled, coated or treated in a
manner that would prevent recycling. Used packaging materials shall preferably be
able to be recycled by local recycling systems.

b) Plastic Packaging Materials
All plastic packaging materials shall preferably be marked in accordance with ISO
11496: 2000 (E) Plastics General identification and marking of plastic products.

Verification

4.4 Health and Pollution Control

4.4.1 Avoidance of Hazardous Substances in Manufacturing
Criteria
With respect to the use of chemical substances during the manufacturing process, the
following substances shall not be used in any production process:
a) Any substances that are classified as carcinogenic, harmful to the reproductive
system or genetic harmful, such as substances listed in the current International
Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in Groups 1, 2A and 2B.

This requirement does not apply to trace levels (< 0.1 % by weight) of substances
reported in the MSDS to be potentially present as contaminants or impurities in raw
materials or colourants or component substances
b) Heavy metals
The paint or coating as final product shall not be formulated or manufactured with
pigments of Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Mercury (Hg) or Chromium (VI).

Exempted are impurities of the elements listed above which are contained in raw
materials or components in trace levels (Less than 0.01 % - 100 ppm) for Lead,
mercury and Cadmium and less than 0.1 % - 1000 ppm for Chromium VI)

c) Solvents Requirements
The paint or coating as final product shall not be formulated or manufactured with
i) More than 20 % by weight of hydrocarbon solvents
ii) Aromatic solvents
iii) Halogenated solvents
iv) Ethylene glycols

Exempted from these requirements are trace amounts (<0.1 % - <1000ppm) that
may be present in the raw materials or components.

d) Specific Hazardous Substances Requirement
The paint or coating shall not be formulated or manufactured with additives,
plasticizers, preservatives or chemical substances that are classified or identified as
i) Phthalates such as Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and Di-isodecyl phthalate
(DIDP)
ii) Halogenated benzenes
iii) Formaldehyde or substances that have the potential to release
formaldehyde during use
iv) Alkyl phenol ethoxylates
v) Epichlorohydrin
vi) N-methyl pyrrolinone

Exempted from these requirements are trace amounts (<0.1 % - <1000ppm) that
may be present in the raw materials or components.

4.4.2 Emission Requirements

Criteria
a) VOC in Water-Based Paints/Coatings
Water Based paint or coatings shall not exceed the following VOC (Volatile Organic
Compounds) levels.

VOC (g/L) of wet
paint/coatings
Paint/Coatings Type Interior, Max Exterior, Max
Matt ( 10 Gloss Units, 85 ) 25 50
Low Sheen (10-15 GU) 30 50
Semi Gloss- Gloss ( 15 GU ) 75 75

Test methods shall comply with ISO 17895 or ISO 11890.

b) VOC in Solvent-Based Paints/Coatings
Solvent based paints/coatings and stains must not contain VOCs in excess of 200
g/L. Solvent varnishes must not contain VOCs in excess of 250 g/L.

4.4.3 Ozone Depleting Substances
Solvents used in the cleaning of production equipment shall not contain ODS (Ozone
Depleting Substances) listed in Annex A, B and C of Montreal Protocol

Verification
Conformance with these requirements (Clauses 4.4.1, 4.4.2 and 4.4.3) shall be stated in
writing and signed by the Chief Executive Officer and/or authorised representative of the
applicant company. This statement shall be accompanied by relevant quality control,
independent laboratory testing, material safety data sheets and production documents.

Testing shall be conducted at SINGLAS SAC accredited laboratories.

Applicant can show proof of ODS-free certificates or any other reports from SINGLAS
SAC accredited Certification bodies to show no ODS being used in their factories.

4.5 Others

4.5.1 Environmental Quality Management System

Criteria
The applicant is encouraged to put in place Environmental Management in line with ISO
14001 standard requirements.
Or
The manufacturers plant shall be ISO 14001 certified or equivalent.

Verification
statement shall be accompanied by the relevant certification such as ISO 14001 or
equivalent.

4.5.2 Technical Performance / Innovation

If the manufacturer demonstrates innovations that contribute to green building, additional
scoring points may be considered.

4.5.3 Carbon Footprint Value of Products

Carbon footprint value for the product shall preferably be available after verification or
assessment by a reputable third party Certification body

4.5.4 Legal Requirements

The product must comply with the provisions of all relevant environmental laws and
regulations that are applicable during the products life cycle.

4.5.5 Consumer Information

Criteria
a) Product Information Requirement
Products must be labeled as conforming to this document should the test reports
indicate compliance with the specifications in this document.

b) Consumer Information Requirement
A MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) must be readily available to consumers for
each paint or coating product. Information must be readily available to assist
consumers to select the most appropriate product type for their needs.

Verification
statement shall be accompanied by relevant documentation (MSDS data and consumer
information on website)

5. REFERENCES

1. Green Seal Environmental Standard for Paints and Coatings, GS-11, Third Edition,
January 2010, Washington DC.

2. Architectural and Protective Coatings, GECA 23-2005, 18 July 2008, The Australian
Ecolabel Program, Australian Voluntary Environmental Labelling Standard, Good
Environmental Choice Australia, Weston.

3 Singapore Green Label Scheme- Paints and Coatings SGL -32

4. GERMANY Blue Angel Low-Emission Wall Paints

6. The New Zealand Ecolabelling Trust Licence Criteria for Paints EC-07-09

6. Appendix A: Checklist for Document Submission

Applicant shall submit the necessary documentation and fill up the information of the documents
submitted into the space provided.

Company:

Brand: Model:

Pre-requisite (primary criteria)

Please note that items under this pre-requisite category must be submitted along with the
application for evaluation.

1. Avoidance of hazardous substances: Evidences or declaration to show compliance with
clause 4.4.1a.
Document ref.:

2. Emission requirements: Test evidence to show that the product complies with the VOC
limits in clause 4.4.2
Type of paint/coatings: Water-based or Solvent-based (please indicate)
Type of water-based paint/coatings: matt / low sheen / semi-gloss or gross (please
indicate)
VOC value: g/L
Test report ref.:

Optional (secondary criteria)

Please note that items under this optional category may be submitted along with the application
for evaluation to attain higher certification rating. Please indicate NA if documents are not
available.

3. Solar reflectance requirement: Test evidence to show that the Solar Reflectance (SR)
value meets the minimal value as define in clause 4.1.2a when tested in accordance to
ASTM C1549.
SR value for low slope roof:
SR value for steep slope roof:
SR value for wall:
Test report ref.:

4. Solar reflectance requirement: Test evidence to show that the Thermal Emissitivity (TE)
is at least 0.8 when tested in accordance to ASTM C1371.
TE value for low slope roof:
TE value for steep slope roof:
TE value for wall:
Test report ref.:

5. Solar reflectance requirement: Test evidence to show that the solar reflectance feature
has less than 20% relative change in SR value after an accelerated weathering (Xenon
arc weather meter) of 1000hrs when tested in accordance to ISO 11341 or SS 5 Part
G4.
% of relative SR change:
Test report ref.:

6. Thermal insulation requirement: Test evidence to show that the coating products that
have only thermal insulation property shall have thermal conductivity of less than
0.03W/m
o
K when tested in accordance to ASTM C 518.
Thermal conductivity value:
Test report ref.:

7. Thermal insulation requirement: Test evidence to show that the paint product that has
both solar reflectance property and thermal insulation property shall have conductivity of
less than 0.3W/m K when tested in accordance to ASTM E 1530.
Thermal conductivity value:
Test report ref.:

8. Energy efficiency: Documentation to show that there is reduced in energy usage during
manufacturing of product.
Document ref.:

9. Water efficiency: Documentation to show that there is conservation of water resources
during manufacturing of product.
Document ref.:

10. Waste management: Documentation to show policies and procedures for waste
management and provide records of waste disposal that meets the local authorities
waste levels. Clause 4.3.3b
Documentation ref.:

11. Recyclability: Documentation to show the use of recyclable packaging material. Clause
4.3.4.
Document ref.:

12. Avoidance of hazardous substances: Chemical analysis report to show compliance with
clause 4.4.1b.
Test report ref.:

13. Avoidance of hazardous substances: Chemical analysis report to show compliance with
clause 4.4.1c.
Test report ref.:

14. Avoidance of hazardous substances: Evidences or declaration to show compliance with
clause 4.4.1d.
Document ref.:

15. Ozone depleting substances: ODS-free certificates or test report from accredited
laboratories to show no ODS being used in their factories.
Documents ref.:


16. EQMS: ISO 14001 certification or equivalent (minimum in progress for ISO 14001
certification with declaration of target date for certification).
Certificate no.:
Please attach copy of valid certificate.

17. Carbon footprint: Evidence of third party certification on carbon footprint.
Certificate no.:
Please attach copy of valid certificate.

18. Consumer information: Availability of MSDS data for consumer on website.
Website ref.:
MSDS ref.:

Person to Contact regarding this Application
Name: Designation
Contact No: (Office) (Mobile)
Email Address:

I declare that the information and documentation submitted are true and accurate. SGBC
reserves the right to refuse any application in the event that the information and
documentation submitted are found to be fraudulent.

Name and Signature of Chief Executive Officer of Applicant Company

____________________________________ Date: _____________

OFFICIAL USE Acknowledge Date: __________

Evaluation by: ______________________

Remarks: ______________________________________________________

Criteria For Paints and Coatings

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REPORT TFFR-PC/19082011-V3 1

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