Four new species of Adenocalymma (Bignoniaceae) and a key to the

species from southeastern Brazil

Renata Giassi Udulutsch , Marco Antonio de Assis and Pedro Dias
R. G. Udulutsch (udulutsch@gmail.com), Depto de Ci ncias Biol gicas, Univ. Estadual Paulista, BR 19.806-900 Assis, SP, Brazil. M. A. de
Assis, Depto de Bot nica, Inst. de Bioci ncias, Univ. Estadual Paulista, Caixa Postal 199, BR 13.506-900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil. P. Dias, Lab
de Biologia Evolutiva de Plantas, Inst. de Biodiversidade e Florestas, Univ. Federal do Oeste do Par , BR 68.135-110 Santar m, PA, Brazil.
Four new species of Adenocalymma (Bignoniaceae, Bignonieae) from southeastern Brazil are described and illustrated:
A. aurantiacum , characterized by dark orange and infundibuliform corolla; A. cinereum , characterized by shrubby habit,
greyish inorescence, infundibuliform corolla, and exserted stamens; A. gibbosum , characterized by gibbous and orange
corolla and an inorescence with dendritic trichomes; and A. sessile , characterized by sessile leaves and gibbous corolla.
A discussion on the relationships of the new taxa and a key to all 29 species of Adenocalymma reported from southeastern
Brazil are provided.
Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn. nom. cons. (McNeill et al.
2006), with 47 species, is a neotropical genus and one of
the largest genera of the tribe Bignonieae (Bignoniaceae).
It occurs from Mexico to northern Argentina. It is widely
distributed in Brazil and is represented in all vegetational
types, including rain forests, seasonal semideciduous
forests, and savanna formations (Udulutsch et al. 2009).
Adenocalymma is morphologically distinguished from
other genera of the tribe Bignonieae by the presence of bracts,
bracteoles and calyx bearing pateliform nectaries in most
species, leaves with 2 or 3 leaets, simple (for the clim-
bing species) tendrils, axillary shoots with woody and often
nectariferous prophylls, chartaceous calyx, racemes never
blackened in herbarium specimens, and cylindrical fruits
of most species (Udulutsch 2008, Udulutsch et al. 2009).
Among the genera of the tribe Bignonieae, Memora
Miers is morphologically most similar (Sandwith 1937) to
Adenocalymma . However, although most species of Memora ,
as well as Adenocalymma, have prophylls, bracts, bracteoles,
and calyx bearing pateliform nectaries, members of Memora
can easily be distinguished from those of Adenocalymma
by the presence of 2 3-ternate leaves (in some species the
apical leaves can be 2 3-foliate), usually bid tendrils, axil-
lary shoots with foliaceous and not woody prophylls, ino-
rescence drying black, spathaceous and membranaceous
calyx in most species, and fruit dorsi-ventrally attened and
plane (only four species of Adenocalymma have attened
fruits: A. fruticosum A. H. Gentry, A. hypostictum Bureau
& K. Schum., A. saeulense A. H. Gentry, and A. uleanum
Kraenzl.).
From a phylogenetic standpoint, a recent study of the
whole tribe Bignonieae by Lohmann (2006) included ve
species of Adenocalymma , which, together with the mono-
typic genus Sampaiella and the clade formed by ve spe-
cies of Memora , form a clade that is supported by 91% of
parsimony bootstrap and 100% of Bayesian posterior prob-
ability. However, the relationship between Adenocalymma
and Memora is unresolved and Adenocalymma ' s status as a
monophyletic group is thus still unknown.
Te rst author recently prepared a taxonomic revi-
sion of Adenocalymma , including descriptions of all species
(Udulutsch 2008), and the discovery of the four new species
presented here is a result of these studies.
Material and methods
Only fully developed structures were used for the morpho-
logical description. Terms used to describe two-dimensional
shapes follow Hickey (1973), and terms used to describe
indumentum follow Payne (1978). Inorescence type is
according to Weberling (1989).
Adenocalymma aurantiacum Udulutsch & Assis sp.
nov. (Fig. 1)
Species nova ex a nitate Adenocalymmatis gibbosi Udulutsch &
Assis et A. salmonei J. C. Gomes, a ambobus corolla infundibu-
liforme et staminibus inclusis bene diert.
Nordic Journal of Botany 31: 176185, 2013
doi: 10.1111/j.1756-1051.2012.01609.x,
2013 Te Authors. Nordic Journal of Botany 2013 Nordic Society Oikos
Subject Editor: Bertil Sthl. Accepted 13 April 2012
176
Figure 1. Adenocalymma aurantiacum sp. nov. (a) owering shoot, (b) axillary shoot prophyll, (c) bract, (d) rst order bracteole, (e) second
order bracteole, (f ) disc and ovary, (g) ovary, longitudinal section showing two series of ovules, (h) fruit, (I) seed. (a) (g) from Stehmann
s.n. (BHCB 19328), (h) (i) from Andrade 246. Line illustrations by R. G. Udulutsch.
177
Type : Brazil, Esp rito Santo: Linhares, CVRD Natural
Reserve, MME road, km 2.1, RFL 133, 3 Oct 2000 (),
D. A. Folli 3701 (hototype: HRCB, isotype: CVRD).
Etymology
Te epithet aurantiacum [golden] is an allusion to the
intense color of the corolla, which is strongly orange.
Description
Liana; branchlets drying light brown to greyish, with
lenticels, puberulous from white to yellowish, simple
trichomes; axillary shoot with persistent prophylls, 4.0
7.5 1.2 3.1 mm, ovate to oblong, falcate, with acute to
acuminate apex and inconspicuous venation, puberulous,
with 3 11 conspicuous nectar glands. Leaves petiolate;
petiole 0.9 4.9 cm long, semiterete, puberulous; lateral
petiolules 0.4 1.5 cm long, the terminal petiolule 2.1
4.1 cm long, semiterete, swollen at apex, puberulous; ten-
dril puberulous at base, glabrescent; leaet blades drying
concolored, opaque, chartaceous, margin at and non-
cartilaginous, glabrous except for short trichomes on mid-
vein, with prominent venation on both sides; lateral leaets
5.5 15.1 2.1 5.2 cm, ovate to elliptic, with acute to
acuminate, mucronulate apex, and asymmetric, rounded
base; terminal leaet 5.6 15.5 3.3 6.5 cm, elliptic, with
acute to acuminate, mucronulate apex, and symmetric,
acute to obtuse base. Inorescence a lateral raceme,
congested, drying brown to greyish; peduncule 0.7 2.0 cm
long, rachis 3.4 8.0 cm long, puberulous, trichomes white
to yellowish, simple, nectaries lacking; bracts in 1 3 pairs,
caducous, 2.8 4.9 1.1 2.0 mm, ovate, acuminate at
apex, puberulous, with (0 )1 5 glands at apex; rst order
bracteoles caducous, 0.6 1.9( 4.2, only with anomalous
growth) 0.4 1.7 cm, symmetric, elliptic to obovate,
cymbiform, obtuse at apex and with parallelodromous
venation, puberulous, with (0 )1 4 glands at apex; second
order bracteoles persistent, 0.3 1.0( 1.6) 0.2 0.7 cm,
symmetric, obovate, cymbiform, acute at apex, with par-
allelodromous venation, puberulous, with 0 2 glands at
apex. Flowers pedicelate; pedicel 0.3 0.9 cm long, puber-
ulous; calyx 0.5 1.4 0.7 1.0 cm, campanulate, lobes
1.5 2.5 mm long, triangular, puberulous outside, papillose
inside, with 1 4 irregularly distributed nectar glands per
lobe; corolla dark orange, infundibuliform, with conspicu-
ous glands distributed in longitudinal rows at the base of
the lobes and at the mouth of tube; corolla lobes 1.0 1.6
0.8 1.4 cm, rounded to obovate, rounded at apex, puber-
ulous on both sides; corolla tube 4.6 6.5 cm long, 1.6
2.1 cm wide at the mouth, the cylindric base of the tube
0.8 1.3 0.3 0.5 cm, tube puberulous outside, except for
the base, glabrous inside but glandular-tomentose at the
level of stamen insertion. Stamens as long as or shorter
(included) than the corolla throat; the longer laments
3.6 4.6 cm long; the shorter laments 2.7 3.8 cm long,
glabrous; anthers 4.4 4.6 mm long; staminode 3.5 6.5 mm
long, lanceolate at apex, membranaceous; disc 1.4 2.9
2.9 4.5 mm. Ovary 3.0 4.3 1.5 1.8 mm, tetragonal
in cross section, glabrous, rarely papillose at apex, with
nectar glands at apex, distributed in longitudinal rows,
2 4 per row, two rows per carpel; ovules biseriate, 8 12
per series, style 4.1 5.2 cm long, glabrous, stigma 2.5
4.0 1.3 1.8 mm, ovate to oblong. Fruit drying brown to
olive, cylindric, wingless; valves 14.9 cm long, 4.3 cm wide,
3 mm thick, rounded at apex; midvein sulcate, puberulous,
with conspicuous and salient nectar glands; seeds wingless,
drying light brown, 1.4 2.1 cm long, 1.8 2.4 cm wide,
1.1 1.3 cm thick; hilum irregularly shaped, pale brown,
1.0 1.4 1.6 2.2 cm.
Distribution and habitat
Adenocalymma aurantiacum is known from the states of
Minas Gerais and Esp rito Santo (Fig. 2), southeastern
Brazil. It has been found in seasonal semideciduous and
Atlantic forests. Flowering specimens were collected in
June, July, September, October and December, fruiting in
October.
Similar species
Adenocalymma aurantiacum is one of the few species of
the genus with a strongly orange corolla. Among the
Brazilian species that have corolla with nectar glands, the
orange color of the corolla is shared only with A. gibbosum
Udulutsch & Assis (described in this paper), and
A. salmoneum J. C. Gomes. However, the last two species
have gibbous corolla, with very small ( 4 mm) lobes,
and exserted stamens. Adenocalymma aurantiacum diers
by having infundibuliform corolla, with lobes larger than
1 cm, and stamens as long as or shorter (included) than
the corolla throat. Another species that has strongly
orange corolla is A. magdalenense Dugand, however, this
species occurs only in Colombia and, in addition, has bila-
biate corolla, a feature that allows this species to be easily
recognized.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes)
Brazil. Esp rito Santo: Linhares, CVRD Natural Reserve,
MME road, km 0.8, RFL-133/88, 30 Sep 2004 (), G. S.
Siqueira 112 (CVRD, HRCB); S o Mateus, BR-381 high-
way, km 6, from S o Mateus to Nova Ven cia, 4 Dec 1994
Figure 2. Known distribution of Adenocalymma aurantiacum
(circles), A. cinereum (triangle), A. gibbosum (star), and A. sessile
(squares).
178
rows at the base of lobes and mouth of tube; corolla lobes
4 8 3.5 7.0 mm, rounded, retuse at apex, puberulous on
both sides; corolla tube 3.1 4.4 cm long, 0.5 1.2 cm wide
at the mouth, the cylindric base of the tube 0.5 1.2
0.3 0.4 cm, puberulous outside, except for the base, gla-
brous inside but glandular-tomentose at the level of stamen
insertion. Stamens exserted, the longer laments 3.3 4.5 cm
long, the shorter laments 2.9 3.9 cm long, glabrous;
anthers 3.0 3.2 mm long; staminode 1.1 cm long, with
elliptic apex, membranaceous; disc 1.3 1.7 2.1 3.1 mm.
Gynoecium glabrous; ovary 2.2 3.5 1.1 1.9 mm, cylin-
dric, with irregulary distributed nectar glands; ovules bise-
riate, 7 8 per series; style 3.7 4.9 cm; stigma 2.5 3.0
0.9 1.0 mm, elliptic. Fruit drying light brown to gray, ellip-
soid, wingless; valves 7.2 7.6 cm long, 3.0 3.1 cm wide,
1.0 1.5 mm thick, rounded at apex, with inconspicuous
midvein, puberulous, with conspicuous and salient nectar
glands; seeds wingless, drying brown, 1.6 1.8 cm long, 1.5
1.7 cm wide, 0.8 0.9 cm thick; hilum irregularly shaped,
pale brown to yellow, 0.9 1.1 1.6 1.7 cm.
Distribution and habitat
Adenocalymma cinereum occurs in Minas Gerais (Fig. 2).
It is probably endemic to Rio Doce State Park, in Marli ria
county. It was found in seasonal semideciduous forest, usu-
ally associated with the Anibal lagoon edge. Flowering speci-
mens were collected between August and October, fruiting
in September and October.
Similar species
Apart from Adenonalymma cinereum , another three species
have shrubby habit and exserted stamens: A. grandifolium
Mart. ex DC., A. sessile Udulutsch & Assis (described in this
paper), and A. subsessilifolium DC. Tose species can be
distinguished from A. cinereum by having sessile leaves
( A. sessile and A. subsessilifolium ), ferruginous indumentum
in the inorescence ( A. grandifolium and A. subsessilifolium ),
and gibbous corolla ( A. sessile ). In A. cinereum the leaves are
petiolate, the inorescences have grayish white indumen-
tum, and the corolla is infundibuliform.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes)
Brazil. Minas Gerais: Marli ria, Rio Doce State Park, 27 Oct
1993 (fr), L. V. Costa s.n. (BHCB 27214); Rio Doce State
Park, Anibals road, 13 Aug 1998 (), R. L. C. Bortoluzzi
244 (VIC); Rio Doce State Park, Anibals road, 24 Oct 1996
(), V. V. Scudeller 626 (VIC); Rio Doce State Park,
restaurants road, 1 Aug 1996 (st), V. V. Scudeller 556
(VIC); Rio Doce State Park, Anibal Lagoon, 19 Sep 1975
(), E. P. Heringer 15063 (UB); Rio Doce State Park,
Anibal Lagoon, 26 Sep 1995 (, fr), V. V. Scudeller 129
(VIC); Rio Doce State Park, tracks Anibal, 21 Sep 2004
(), F. Ferreira s.n. (VIC 29840).
Adenocalymma gibbosum Udulutsch & Assis sp. nov.
(Fig. 4)
Adenocalymmati salmoneo J.C. Gomes a nis, sed inorescentia
ab trichomata dendritica tomentulosa diert.
(), J. R. Pirani et al. 3370 (NY, SPF). Minas Gerais:
Almendara, 15 Jun 1986 (), G. Hatschbach 50422
(MBM); Caratinga, 11 Oct 1987 (fr), T. R. Andrade 246
(BHCB); Maced nia farm, Cenibra-Ipaba, s.a. (), J. R.
Stehmann s.n. (BHCB 19328); Itueta, UHE Aimor s,
Adolfo Shumaker farm, 10 Jul 1997 (), E. Tameir o Neto
2421 (BHCB); Te lo Otoni, S o Marco farm, 29 Jun
1968 (), R. P. Bel m 3782 (NY). s.a. (), M. Motta s.n.
(R 197926).
Adenocalymma cinereum Udulutsch & Assis sp. nov.
(Fig. 3)
Species nova ex a nitate Adenocalymmatis sessilis Udulutsch
& Assis et A. subsessilifolii DC., a ambobus foliis petiolatis
et inorescentia cinerea diert.
Type : Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marli ria, Rio Doce State Park,
26 Nov 1995 (, fr), V. V. Scudeller 134 (holotype: VIC).
Etymology
Te epithet cinereum [ash-gray] is an allusion to the color
of the inorescence, which is due to the grayish white
trichomes.
Description
Shrub, 3 4 m tall; branchlets drying brown greyish, with
sparse lenticels, puberulous, glabrescent; trichomes white,
dendritic; prophylls of axillary shoot persistent, 6 9
1.8 2.1 mm, lanceolate to oblong, acute at apex, with
inconspicuous venation, puberulous, glabrescent, with 1 4
irregularly distributed conspicuous nectar glands. Leaves
petiolate; petiole 1.3 3.9 cm long, semiterete, puberulous,
glabrescent; lateral petiolules 0.8 2.5 cm long; terminal
petiolule 2.1 4.4 cm long, semiterete, swollen at apex,
puberulous, glabrescent. Tendrils absent. Leaet blades
drying discolored, adaxial side darker than the abaxial,
opaque, chartaceous; lateral leaets 13.6 28.8 1.5
5.2 cm; terminal leaet 12.5 29.9 2.4 6.6 cm, narrowly
elliptic to oblanceolate, acuminate and mucronulate at
apex, and with symmetric, acute base, with margin at and
non-cartilaginous, and midvein sulcate adaxially and other
veins prominent on both sides, glabrous. Inorescence a
lax lateral raceme, drying greyish; peduncule 0.7 1.3 mm
long; rachis 3.9 8.7 cm long, puberulous from white to
gray, dendritic trichomes; nectaries lacking. Bracts in 3 pairs,
persistent, 2.0 3.5 0.8 1.8 mm, ovate, acute at apex,
puberulous, with 1 2 irregularly distributed glands; rst
order bracteoles caducous, 4.0 7.2 2.5 3.5 mm, symmet-
ric, ovate, cymbiform, acute at apex, with prominent mid-
vein, puberulous, with 0 4 irregularly distributed glands;
second order bracteoles caducous, 2.5 5.2 0.9 2.8 mm,
symmetric, ovate to elliptic, acute at apex, with promi-
nent midvein, puberulous, with 1 2 irregularly distributed
glands. Flowers pedicelate; pedicel 0.4 1.0 cm long,
puberulous; calyx 0.6 1.0 0.4 0.7 cm, campanulate,
puberulous outside, papillose inside, with 1 3 irregularly
distributed nectar glands per lobe; corolla yellow, infundibu-
liform, with conspicuous glands distributed in longitudinal
179
Figure 3. Adenocalymma cinereum sp. nov. (a) owering shoot, (b) axillary shoot prophyll, (c) bract, (d) rst order bracteole, (e) second order
bracteole, (f ) disc and ovary, (g) ovary, longitudinal section showing two series of ovules, (h) fruit, (i) seed. (a) (g) from Scudeller 134,
(h) (i) from Costa M-12-5. Line illustrations by R. G. Udulutsch.
Type : Brazil, Minas Gerais, Caet , Serra da Piedade, 29 Sep
1993 (), J. A. Lombardi 449 (holotype: BHCB, isotype:
UEC).
Etymology
Te epithet gibbosum is an allusion to the gibbous corolla.
Description
Liana; branchlets drying light brown, with lenticels,
puberulous to tomentose from white to yellowish, bifurcate
to dendritic trichomes. Prophylls of axillary shoots persis-
tent, 4.8 8.1 1.2 1.5 mm, lanceolate, acute to acumi-
nate at apex, with inconspicuous venation, tomentulose to
180
Figure 4. Adenocalymma gibbosum sp. nov. (a) owering shoot, (b) axillary shoot prophyll, (c) bract, (d) rst order bracteole, (e) second
order bracteole, (f ) disc and ovary, (g) ovary, longitudinal section showing two series of ovules, (h) fruit, (i) seed. (a) (g) from Lombardi
449, (h) (i) from Lombardi 654. Line illustrations by R. G. Udulutsch.
tomentose, with 4 5 irregularly distributed conspicuous
nectar glands. Leaves peciolate; petiole 1.4 4.8 cm long,
semiterete, puberulous to tomentose; lateral petiolules
0.6 1.5 cm long; terminal petiolule 1.5 3.1 cm long,
semiterete, slender at apex, puberulous to tomentose.
Tendril tomentulose at base. Leaet blades drying concol-
ored, opaque, chartaceous, with at and non-cartilaginous
margin, adaxial side puberulous, with more trichomes on
midvein and secondary veins, tomentulose to tomentose
abaxially, with prominent venation on both sides; lateral
leaets (5.9 )8.5 14.3 (1.8 )2.4 4.9 cm, lanceolate
to elliptic, acute to obtuse at apex, mucronulate, slightly
asymmetric, obtuse to rounded at base; terminal leaet
10.9 13.5 3.7 4.8 cm, (apex absent in the materials
examined), lanceolate to elliptic, symmetric, obtuse to
rounded at base. Inorescence a lax lateral raceme, drying
181
olive-brown; peduncule 1.1 2.9 cm long; rachis 5.7
11.5 cm long, tomentulose from yellow, dendritic trichomes;
nectaries lacking. Bracts in 1 3 pairs, caducous, 0.8
0.2 cm, spatulate, acute at apex, with inconspicuous vena-
tion, tomentulose, with 8 irregularly distributed nectar
glands; rst order bracteoles caducous, 1.9 2.5 0.9
1.2 cm, symmetric, obovate, cymbiform, acuminate at
apex, with parallelodromous venation, puberulous, with
4 5 nectar glands distributed in 2 longitudinal rows; sec-
ond order bracteoles persistent, 0.6 1.1 0.2 0.4 cm,
symmetric, obovate, acuminate at apex, with parallelodro-
mous venation, puberulous, with 0 2 irregularly distrib-
uted nectar glands. Flowers pedicelate; pedicel 0.4 0.9 cm
long, tomentulose; calyx 1.2 1.5 0.7 0.9 cm, infundibu-
liform. Calyx lobes 1.0 2.5 mm, triangular, puberulous
outside, tomentulose at base, papillose inside, with 4 8
nectar glands distributed in longitudinal rows. Corolla
orange, gibbous, with conspicuous glands distributed in
longitudinal rows at the base of lobes and mouth of tube;
corolla lobes 3.5 4.0 3.0 3.5 mm, rounded, rounded at
apex, slightly apiculate, puberulous on both sides; corolla
tube 2.9 3.8 cm long, 0.6 1.0 cm wide at the mouth,
the cylindric base of the tube 0.8 1.0 0.3 0.4 cm, tube
puberulous outside, except for the base, glabrous inside
but glandular-tomentose at the level of stamen insertion.
Stamens exserted; longer laments 2.5 3.1 cm long; shorter
laments 2.0 2.5 cm long, glabrous; anthers 2.9 3.1 mm
long; staminode 4.5 5.7 mm long, oblong at apex, mem-
branaceous; disc 0.9 1.4 2.6 2.8 mm. Gynoecium gla-
brous; ovary 3.3 3.8 1.0 1.2 mm, cylindric, with small
scores glandular at the surface, lustrous; ovules biseriate,
10 11 per series; style 3.2 3.3 cm long; stigma 2.7
1.6 mm, ovate. Fruit drying brown, cylindric, wingless;
valves 17.9 cm long, 3.8 cm wide, 2.1 mm thick, acumi-
nate at apex, rugulate with conspicuous and salient nectar
glands on the surface, with sulcate midvein, tomentulose;
seeds with very small wings, wings 2 5 mm wide, seeds
drying yellowish brown, 1.4 1.9 cm long, 1.6 2.1 cm wide,
0.9 1.4 cm thick, pyramidal; hilum reniform, pale brown,
0.8 1.0 1.5 2.1 cm.
Distribution and habitat
Adenocalymma gibbosum is restricted to the Serra da Piedade
in Minas Gerais State (Fig. 2), in the counties of Caet
and Sabar . It has been found in seasonal semideciduous
forest. Flowering specimens were collected in July and
September, fruiting in October.
Similar species
Adenocalymma gibbosum stands out by having, among
other features, gibbous and orange corolla and inores-
cence with dendritic trichomes. Only two other species have
gibbous corolla: Adenocalymma sessile (described in this
paper), which has sessile leaves and greenish yellow corolla,
and A. salmoneum , which, despite having orange corolla, has
inorescence with simple trichomes.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes)
Brazil. Minas Gerais: Caet , Serra da Piedade, 19 49 S,
43 40 W, 15 Jul 1987 (), J. A. Paula s.n. (BHCB 18538,
UEC 65787); Serra da Piedade, 26 Oct 1994 (fr), J. A.
Lombardi 654 (BHCB). Sabar , Serra da Piedade, Jul 1983
(), C. Ferreira 64 (BHCB).
Adenocalymma sessile Udulutsch & Assis sp. nov.
(Fig. 5)
Adenocalymmati subsessilifolio DC. et A. tephrinocalyci Bureau
ex K. Schum. a nis, sed corolla gibbosa diert.
Type : Brazil, Minas Gerais: Marli ria, Rio Doce State Park,
trilha laborat rio lagoa Dom Helv cio, 12 Nov 1997 (),
J. A. Lombardi 1960 (holotype: BHCB).
Etymology
Te epithet sessile is an allusion to the sessile leaves, an
unusual feature in the genus.
Description
Shrub, 2 3 m tall; branchlets drying brown-greyish, with
lenticels, attened and puberulous at apex, with white,
simple trichomes. Prophylls of axillary shoots persistent,
0.6 1.2 0.1 0.3 cm, oblong to elliptic, falcate, acute at
apex, rounded at base, with inconspicuous venation,
puberulous, glabrescent, with 2 8 irregularly distributed
conspicuous nectar glands. Leaves sessile; lateral petiolules
0.3 0.9( 1.7) cm long, the terminal petiolule 0.6 1.2( 2.3)
cm long, terete, swollen at apex, puberulous, glabrescent.
Tendrils absent. Leaet blades drying discolored, olive-green
on the adaxial side, green yellowish on the abaxial side,
opaque, chartaceous to slightly coriaceous, with at and
non-cartilaginous margin and adaxially sulcate midvein and
other veins prominent on both sides, glabrous; lateral
leaets 17.4 35.7 2.0 7.2 cm, oblanceolate, acuminate
at apex, mucronulate, asymmetric, cuneate to rounded at
base; terminal leaet 19.4 42.5 2.6 8.7 cm, oblanceo-
late, acuminate at apex, mucronulate, symmetric, cuneate
to rounded at base. Inorescence a congested lateral raceme,
frequently in old branchlets, drying olive-brown; peduncule
0.4 0.9 cm long; rachis 4.1 4.8 cm long, puberulous from
white to yellowish, simple to bifurcate trichomes; necta-
ries lacking. Bracts in 2 4 pairs, persistent, 0.3 0.4 mm,
ovate, obtuse at apex, with inconspicuous venation, puber-
ulous; nectaries lacking; rst order bracteoles caducous,
2.6 4.0 1.8 2.5 mm, symmetric, ovate to obovate, cymbi-
form, acute to obtuse at apex, with inconspicuous venation,
puberulous, with 1 2 irregularly distributed nectar glands;
second order bracteoles persistent, 2.0 2.6 1.1 1.8 mm,
symmetric, obovate, acute at apex, with inconspicuous vena-
tion, puberulous, with (0 )1 irregularly distributed nectar
gland. Flowers pedicelate; pedicel 3 4 mm long, puberu-
lous. Calyx 4 5 4 5 mm, campanulate, subtruncate at
apex, apiculate, puberulous outside, papillose inside, with
1 2 irregularly distributed nectar glands per lobe. Corolla
yellow, gibbous, with conspicuous glands distributed in
longitudinal rows at the base of lobes and mouth of tube;
lobes 2.5 3.0 2.0 2.5 mm, ovate, acute at apex, puberu-
lous on both sides; tube 2.9 3.3 cm long, 0.7 0.8 cm wide
at the mouth, the cylindric base of the tube 0.6 1.0
0.2 0.3 cm, tube puberulous outside, except for the base,
182
Figure 5. Adenocalymma sessile sp. nov. (a) owering shoot, (b) axillary shoot prophyll, (c) inorescence, (d) bract, (e) rst order bracteole,
(f ) second order bracteole, (g) disc and ovary, (h) ovary, longitudinal section showing two series of ovules. (a) (h) from Lombardi 1960.
Line illustrations by R. G. Udulutsch.
glabrous inside but glandular-tomentose at the level of
stamen insertion. Stamens exserted; longer laments
2.6 2.8 cm long; shorter laments 2.0 2.1 cm long, gla-
brous; anthers 2.0 2.2 mm long; staminode 5.0 5.5 mm
long, elliptic at apex, membranaceous; disc 1.1 1.2
2.1 2.3 mm. Ovary 3.2 1.4 mm, cylindric, puberulous,
with nectar glands at the apex, distributed in longitudinal
rows, 2 6 per row, two rows per carpel; ovules biseriate,
7 8 per series; style 3.1 3.3 cm, puberulous at apex; stigma
2.3 2.5 1.0 1.2 mm, elliptic, glabrous. Fruits unknown.
183
Distribution and habitat
Adenocalymma sessile is known from collections from
Minas Gerais (Fig. 2). It was found in seasonal semidecidu-
ous forest. Flowering specimens were collected between
July and September and November. Fruiting collections are
unknown.
Similar species
Apart from A. sessile , the only species of Adenocalymma that
have sessile leaves are A. subsessilifolium and A. tephrinocalyx .
Adenocalymma sessile diers by having gibbous corolla that
allows easy characterization of the species.
Additional specimens examined (paratypes)
Brazil. Minas Gerais: Marli ria, Rio Doce State Park, Jul 1996
(), F. R. N. Toledo s.n. (BHCB 35515, MBM 233841);
Rio Doce State Park, lagoa Dom Helv cio, 18 Sep 1975 (),
E. P. Heringer 15051 (UB); Rio Doce State Park, trilha do
Vinh tico, Sep 1994 (), L. V. Costa s.n. (BHCB 28246,
MBM 199225). Vi osa, 8 Sep 1934 (), M. Kuhlmann s.n.
(VIC 1441); s.a. (), s.col. (VIC 848); S o Domingos do
Prata. Ilh us [do Prata], Tabunha farm, na rodovia para a
fazenda, 26 Aug 1930 (), Y. Mexia 5003 (NY, K).
Key to species of Adenocalymma reported from
southeastern Brazil
1. Leaves sessile 2
Leaves peciolate 4
2. Corolla gibbous A. sessile
Corolla infundibuliform 3
3. Inorescence with ferruginous indumentum; corolla
with nectar glands A. subsessilifolium
Inorescence with gray indumentum; corolla lack-
ing nectar glands A. tephrinocalyx
4. Corolla glabrous 5
Corolla puberulous to villous or papillose 6
5. Calyx infundibuliform, lacking nectar glands, ciliate
at apex; rst order bracteoles at; corolla dark yellow
A. cymbalum
Calyx campanulate, with nectar glands, puberulous to
tomentulose; rst order bracteoles cymbiform; corolla
white with yellow inner tube A. hypostictum
6. Stamens exserted 7
Stamens as long as or shorter (included) than the
corolla throat 14
7. Corolla bi-labiate or gibbous 8
Corolla infundibuliform 10
8. Corolla bi-labiate A. dichilum
Corolla gibbous 9
9. Leaets with abaxial side tomentulose to tomentose;
inorescence with dendritic trichomes; rst order
bracteoles 1.9 2.5 cm long A. gibbosum
Leaets with abaxial side glabrous; inorescence
with trichomes simple; rst order bracteoles 3.8 mm
long A. salmoneum
10. Corolla lacking nectar glands 11
Corolla with nectar glands on the abaxial surface to
the throat 13
11. Bracts, bracteoles and calyx lacking nectar glands
A. hatschbachii
Bracts, bracteoles and calyx with nectar glands 12
12. Inorescence with ferruginous indumentum; leaets
glabrous A. grandifolium
Inorescence with greyish white indumentum; leaets
puberulous A. dusenii
13. Shrub; ovary with irregularly distributed nectar glands
A. cinereum
Liana; ovary with nectar glands, distributed in longi-
tudinal rows, two rows per carpel A. paulistarum
14. Corolla with nectar glands on the abaxial surface to the
throat 15
Corolla lacking nectar glands 19
15. Inorescences that develop in old stems, with a large
diameter; ovary lepidote, with trichomes just around
the nectar glands A. coriaceum
Inorescences that develop in young stems, at the
apex of the branches; ovary lacking scales, glabrous
or puberulous 16
16. Petiolules slender at apex; inorescence with dendritic
trichomes A. scabriusculum
Petiolules swollen at apex; inorescence with simple
or bifurcate trichomes 17
17. Axillary shoot prophylls symmetric, never falcate; ovary
puberulous A. trifoliatum
Axillary shoot prophylls falcate; ovary glabrous 18
18. Inorescence hirsute; corolla yellow; leaets with sul-
cate veins on the abaxial side A. hirtum
Inorescence puberulous; corolla dark orange;
leaets with prominent veins on the abaxial side
A. aurantiacum
19. Leaet margins whitish, cartilaginous A. marginatum
Leaet margins concolored, non-cartilaginous 20
20. Calyx lacking nectar glands; axillary shoot prophylls
not lignied and foliaceous A. ubatubense
Calyx with nectar glands; axillary shoot prophylls
lignied and never foliaceous 21
21. Inorescence and calyx lepidote A. divaricatum
Inorescence and calyx lacking scales 22
22. Leaets prominently bullate; inorescence villous
A. bullatum
Leaets not bullate; inorescence puberulous to
tomentulose 23
23. Shrubs 24
Lianas 26
24. First order bracteoles up to 0.5 cm long; ovary tetrag-
onal in cross section, with trichomes around the nec-
tar glands A. nervosum
First order bracteoles over 1 cm long; ovary circular in
cross section, glabrous 25
25. Branchlets and leaves glabrous; inorescence drying
olive-brown; ovary cylindric, lacking nectar glands
A. avum
Branchlets and leaves with trichomes dendritic;
inorescence drying paleaceous; ovary obovoid,
with nectar glands, distributed in longitudinal rows
A. macrophyllum
184
26. Inorescence with trichomes greyish white; corolla
greenish yellow A. dusenii
Inorescence with trichomes brown to olive-green;
corolla dark yellow 27
27. Leaets papyraceous to slightly chartaceous 28
Leaets coriaceous 29
28. Leaet blades drying opaque above, apex prominently
mucronate; ovary with nectar glands, distributed
in longitudinal rows; axillary shoot prophylls pun-
gent A. reticulatum
Leaet blades drying lustrous above, apex slightly
apiculate; ovary with irregulary distributed tiny nec-
tar glands; axillary shoot prophylls not pungent
A. bracteatum
29. Leaet blades puberulous to tomentulose below;
inorescence with trichomes light brown to caramel;
ovary with 7 8 ovules per series A. ackermannii
Leaet blades glabrous below, occasionally with
trichomes only on the basis of midvein and secondary
veins; inorescence with trichomes olive brown; ovary
with 11 18 ovules per series A. comosum
Acknowledgements Tis paper is part of the PhD thesis of the
rst author. We thank the curators of herbaria for the loan of
national and international collections and for providing images of
type specimens, especially to the curators of B, BR, LE, M, NY,
P, R, RB and W for their attention and collaboration. We also
thank Jacquelyn Kallunki and all other NYBG sta members, who
made it possible for RGU and PD to visit NYBG. RGU was
supported by CNPq (140945/2004-0) and IAPT research grants
2005, and PD was supported by FAPESP (02/09762-6).
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