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Legal counseling involves meeting with clients, understanding their issues, and providing advice. Attorneys must be prepared to address a variety of legal questions from clients regarding issues like property disputes with neighbors. The practice of law includes activities like giving advice, drafting documents, or appearing in court, and it requires continuous use of one's legal knowledge and skills. Legal counseling is both an art and a science, applying precise legal principles to a client's facts while using analytical reasoning and language skills to develop solutions and advise clients on appropriate legal remedies.
Legal counseling involves meeting with clients, understanding their issues, and providing advice. Attorneys must be prepared to address a variety of legal questions from clients regarding issues like property disputes with neighbors. The practice of law includes activities like giving advice, drafting documents, or appearing in court, and it requires continuous use of one's legal knowledge and skills. Legal counseling is both an art and a science, applying precise legal principles to a client's facts while using analytical reasoning and language skills to develop solutions and advise clients on appropriate legal remedies.
Legal counseling involves meeting with clients, understanding their issues, and providing advice. Attorneys must be prepared to address a variety of legal questions from clients regarding issues like property disputes with neighbors. The practice of law includes activities like giving advice, drafting documents, or appearing in court, and it requires continuous use of one's legal knowledge and skills. Legal counseling is both an art and a science, applying precise legal principles to a client's facts while using analytical reasoning and language skills to develop solutions and advise clients on appropriate legal remedies.
1 Lecture 1 (June 18, 2012) Legal Counseling is basically, is meeting your client, knowing his woes, knowing the reason why he came to you and giving advice. For a lot of people, you come to a lawyer, and say attorney, ang sanga sa mangga sa among silingan, nagbarog na sa akong fence. !wede ba nako na putlon"# $hat is already a legal issue. Can he cut such branch of that mango tree" Can somebody remember the law on property" %& can hear people whispering haha'( Can he cut down that branch" )us nakalimot na lagi' *hen was the last time you had property" Last year" +y goodness' ,ou know when you go to private practice, ang -uestion hind what is the corporate share of class A class B#. but Attorney, unsa man tong iro sa among neighbor"# .anyan ang mga tanong ng mga kliyente ninyo. ,ou have to know this things, not kadali lang ha" $empa lang.# )o you research on that, Apollo. .ive me the answer ne/t week. $hose are the type of -uestions. & got involved with my daughter0s !$A so & get to know the teachers, and then knowing that & am a lawyer, they would ask Attorney, meron lang akong -uestion bah, yung kasing punoan ng aking neighbor, nahulog na# you have to be careful ha. *hat are the grounds for him to chop down that tree. )o you have to be careful. +eron pang Attorney, kaning akong anak ba, wla nako na rehistro pag anak nako niya bah unsa man ang akong buhaton"# .anun nay an, she got married, she had a child when she was single, she got married to another man, and the child is using the name of the second husband. &s there a valid adoption there" $his are the things that come into your radar when you open your new 1illanueva Law office. )o let0s say 1illanueva2 3ntal2 .arcia Law 3ffices. )o, you think that someone goes here and says & want to file a case for violation of intellectual property law# 4o you think you0ll have those clients here in 4avao" )o wherever your office is, yun yung mga problema na na haharapin ninyo. Attorney nawad2an kog lisensya# *hat does he do" ,ou need to draw an affidavit. 5ven if you draw a very simple documents, you must be sure that these documents comply with re-uirements of law. And once you give advice, even if hasn0t paid yet, you are already engaged as a lawyer. RACTICE O! LAW It is the act of performing any activity pertaining to a bonafide member of the bar which is carried out on a habitual or continuous process and translated into action by means of giving advice, drafting of documents or appearance in court or other administrative or quasi-judicial body involving the use of faculty or intelligence of one skilled in law who is entitled to a legal fee. Let0s break it down6 Any activity pertaining to a bona fide member of the bar 2 ,ou have to be a member of the bar for you to practice law. $hose who are under2bar, there is a program wherein law students are allowed to practice, but that is governed by a special law. Which is carried out on a habitual or continuous process 2 7abitual and continuous process, so you go out there and present yourself as a lawyer, and you perform an activity in a continuous process, you don0t 8ust draw a document once in a blue moon, you do it as a livelihood. ranslated into action by means of giving advice, drafting of documents 2 $hat0s where your legal forms become important. !r appearance in court or other administrative or quasi- judicial body 2 5ven if you 8ust appear in court and say ,our 7onor, & move to postpone# that is already a practice of law. &f you0re a part of big law firms, the 8unior lawyers are usually the ones sent to do minor motions, kaba9/ ka pa nyan. But you know class, the 8udge will always decide based on the documents presented to him, all these things you see in Boston legal, are mere tactics of impressing the client, but at the end of the day, the 8udge will decide on the basis of your documents. !ther administrative or quasi-judicial body LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 9 2 *hat is an administrative body" *hat is a -uasi28udicial body" "se of faculty or intelligence of one skilled in law 2 ,ou know this is really complicated, the use of faculty or intelligence of one skilled in law. 7ow do you become skilled in law" 3w well, in your 1 st , 9 nd or : rd year, you can0t say that you already use your faculty, but you can already say that you are using your intelligence, your training, of your studies. And above all, this performance of an act, is supposed to be compensated, you are entitled to a legal fee. *hen you do these things, you ask yourself, are you already in the practice of law" ,es, you are. But even if you are appearing in 8udicial, administrative or -uasi2 8udicial bodies, you draft documents, but you are not signing the pleadings, are you in the practice of law" Actually you are not in the practice of law. #$ota bene% If you are not signing pleadings, you are not engaged in the practice of law& ,ou are doing the things that is actually done by a lawyer but you are not engaged in the practice of law. $o be in the practice of law, you are the one signing the documents. $here paralegals, they seem to be lawyers, they have knowledge of law, but they are not members of the bar but they are virtually doing practice of law, but they are not law practitioners. LEGAL COUNSELING It is the art of giving advice and information concerning the solution to a legal problem arising from a given state of facts and the adoption of appropriate reliefs or remedies under the law and enforcement of a legal obligation before a judicial or quasi-judicial body. *hy do we say it is an art" &t could be a science it could be an art, it could be the science of law. *hy art" *hy not science" &t is an art, it is a science, and it could be both. What is 'cience( 2 &t is any skill or techni-ue that re-uires a precise application of facts or principles. What is Art( 2 &t is a skill involved in the conduct of any human activity. & submit, %because the author says that it is an art( & submit that legal counseling is both a science and an art. &t is "c#ence because it involves the precise application of legal principles and statutes to a given state of facts. ,ou have a legal principle of e-uity, %what else" &n pari delicto( those are legal principles and you have to apply these principles to given set of facts. )o in a way, you can0t measure it, it is not appropriate if you do not apply these principles to facts correctly. $hey must be applied correctly.*hy $rt" Because it involves analytical reasoning and language. ,ou know class, law is a very, it language centered. ,ou never do away with 5nglish in the practice of law. &t is the number one instrument when you engaged in the practice, especially to the court and your peers. $he decisions are made in 5nglish. $he world is getting too small, the language of business is 5nglish, we travel we use 5nglish. )o 5nglish will be there whether you like it or not. Analytical reasoning 2 !roblem solving or analytical reasoning. )iving of advice or information 2 &t may be preventive, curative, not necessarily adversarial. +aybe the -uestion on hand is *hat is the ne/t step" & want to register my land# ;egistering a deed of sale is not adversarial at all. $his is part of legal advice, although it could be done by any person, when you want to register your property you really don0t need a lawyer, but sometimes you know, the client can pay the services of a lawyer. 'olution of a legal problem 2 $he problem to be solved is legal. And you know when an issue is legal. o a given state of facts 2 Avoid hypothetical situations. )o to be able to give advice, it has to be a given state of facts. )ometimes your client is a bit hesitant, sometimes they will 8ust rephrase it. +insan nahihiya eh. &f you know from your conversation with your client that something is LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles : hidden here, so you schedule him for another interview. For a cup of coffee, they loosen up. $hen you know the real state of facts. Adoption of appropriate remedies given by law 2 Adoption of appropriate remedies given by law. &t has to be appropriate hindi yang &papatay nalang nato na bah# it must be a legal advice. )ometimes you don0t know, right" unsaon ko mana attorney nang sanga"# it is a skill, if you are trying to hide your ignorance, you must have to do some postulate like Ah, that is a bit complicated, &0ll get back to you on that, why don0t we schedule another appointment"# %8oke time( *nforcement of a legal obligation 2 $here is a legal obligation involved and must be satisfied. &f there is no legal obligation, there will be no cause of action. o judicial body or quasi-judicial body 2 Ju%#c#$& '(%) or the courts, from +$C all the way to the )upreme Court. 2 *u$"#+,u%#c#$& '(%) or administrative body belonging to the e/ecutive branch of the government vested with 8urisdiction to hear or ad8udicate non2litigious cases %& don0t think there is really such a thing as non2litigious cases( with power to enforce its 8udgment or order and to punish for contempt. $his is in contrast to what and administrative body does. 5/ample of a -uasi28udicial body is the <L;C, the 4A;AB, )5C, C)C, C3A. *hen you take a look at their composition, you will see very familiar provisions that are from the rules of court. $he service of summons, the hearings. $hey are part of the e/ecutive branch of the government 2 A%-#n#"tr$t#.e '(%) is an instrumentality of the government. &t is defined in the Administrative Code. &t is all there. &ncluding departments, bureaus or agencies. )o these are vested by law with 8urisdiction to settle and ad8udicate controversies arising from the interpretation and enforcement of a law. &t is also defined as a department= bureau, office, instrumentality or government owned and controlled corporation or the .3CC. $he .3CC0s each one has its own charter, but their charter will also come into play or stick with the provisions of the Administrative Code. &f you have certain complaint to the 4epartment of $rade, you follow the rules and regulations to achieve a certain process. *hen you follow the steps, at the end of the process there is a decision, such decision is made by an administrative body as contrasted to a -uasi2 8udicial body. >sually, a -uasi28udicial body sits en banc. For e/ample the <L;C, they sit en banc and make decisions. But administrative bodies usually have sub2 agencies under their umbrella. &f you want to -uestion the decision, you bring it to the courts. ,ou have to state there that you have complied with the administrative procedure, so that your action will not be dismissed. $his is in relation to failure to e/haust administrative remedies. )ometimes you even have to go all the way up to the office of the president so that you will have a cause of action and to say that you have e/hausted all available remedies. LEGAL ET/ICS +egal ethics is that branch of moral science which treats of the duties an attorney owes to his client, to the court, and the bar. )o you have the client, the court and the bar. )o the code of professional responsibility, it creates e/pectations, responsibilities and manages e/pectations. ,ractice of law is not business. 2 But & disagree, this is too idealistic. ,our law office will not survive if you do not treat your office as business. & wouldn0t say, the practice of law is not a business, but this is right. But to be realistic about it, you have to treat it as business as well. $he practice of law sometimes you can0t turn away from clients. )o in a way, you have to make sure that you have paying clients and your paying clients, maybe ?@2A@ percent. $he B@ percent will be for legal aid, for relatives. ,ou LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles B must make sure you have core source. $he practice of law is a profession not a business. -urbe vs. .agulta #/une 01, 2112& In this day and age, members of the bar often forget that the practice of law is a profession and not a business.3004 +awyering is not primarily meant to be a money-making venture, and law advocacy is not a capital that necessarily yields profits.3024 he gaining of a livelihood is not a professional but a secondary consideration.3054 6uty to public service and to the administration of justice should be the primary consideration of lawyers, who must subordinate their personal interests or what they owe to themselves. he practice of law is a noble calling in which emolument is a byproduct, and the highest eminence may be attained without making much money. 4uty to public service and administration of 8ustice, emolument is a by2product. he practice of law is not a legal right but a privilege. 2 &t can always be taken away from you when you do something unethical. A bar candidate can0t 8ust practice law simply by passing the bar. &t can be taken with the mandate of due process. 2 CANON 7 - A LAWYER SHALL AT ALL TIMES UPHOLD THE INTEGRITY AND DIGNITY OF THE LEGAL PROFESSION AND SUPPORT THE ACTIVITIES OF THE INTEGRATED BAR. Rule 7.01 - A lawyer shall be answerable for knowingly making a false statement or suppressing a material fact in connection with his application for admission to the bar. Rule 7.02 - A lawyer shall not support the application for admission to the bar of any person known by him to be unqualified in respect to character, education, or other relevant attribute. Rule 7.0 - A lawyer shall not engage in conduct that adversely reflects on his fitness to practice law, nor shall he, whether in public or private life, behave in a scandalous manner to the discredit of the legal profession. 7ow do you do that" ,ou have to make sure that the conduct of your affairs, public or private, must conform to, must be at par with the e/pectations of a lawyer. $he demand to be upright is both in public or private life. +asyadong mataas ang standards nito. )o these are the things that slip the mind of practitioners which are already in many years of practice that they tend to forget that their private life is also in scrutiny. As officers of the court, a lawyer must also be seen to be of good moral character. ,ou must also be of good moral character, and live your life with highest standards. ;efrain from adulterous relationships to avoid scandaliCing the public. Lawyers are very human, they make mistakes. )o, sometimes these standards are very high, they fail to see the human in the person. But of course, different standards apply. &t is really up to the person. &t is really up to the complainant if he feels that 8ustice must be served, then go ahead and file a complaint. $his is a very high standard. At the end of the day, the conscience has to be clear. &f your client doesn0t have a chance in court, you have to tell him, you have to be honest. /$%,u&$ V" M$%#$n%$ (Ac 0111) he moment complainant approached the then receptive respondent to seek legal advice, a veritable lawyer-client relationship evolved between the two. 'uch relationship imposes upon the lawyer certain restrictions circumscribed by the ethics of the profession. Among the burdens of the relationship is that which enjoins the lawyer, respondent in this instance, to keep inviolate confidential information acquired or revealed during legal consultations. he fact that one is, at the end of the day, not inclined to handle the client7s case is hardly of consequence. !f little moment, too, is the fact that no formal professional engagement follows the consultation. $or will it make any difference that no contract whatsoever was e8ecuted by the parties to memoriali9e the relationship. As we said in-urbe v. .agulta, : - LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles D A lawyer-client relationship was established from the very first moment complainant asked respondent for legal advise regarding the former7s business. o constitute professional employment, it is not essential that the client employed the attorney professionally on any previous occasion. It is not necessary that any retainer be paid, promised, or charged; neither is it material that the attorney consulted did not afterward handle the case for which his service had been sought. It a person, in respect to business affairs or troubles of any kind, consults a lawyer with a view to obtaining professional advice or assistance, and the attorney voluntarily permits or acquiesces with the consultation, then the professional employments is established. +ikewise, a lawyer-client relationship e8ists notwithstanding the close personal relationship between the lawyer and the complainant or the non- payment of the former7s fees. 6ean Wigmore lists the essential factors to establish the e8istence of the attorney-client privilege communication, vi9% #0& Where legal advice of any kind is sought #2& from a professional legal adviser in his capacity as such, #5& the communications relating to that purpose, #<& made in confidence #=& by the client, #:& are at his instance permanently protected #>& from disclosure by himself or by the legal advisor, #?& e8cept the protection be waived. > 3nce a person asks for an advice, you 8ust assume right away that there is lawyer2client relationship that is established. 5ven in the absence of a contract, you still have a lawyer client relationship. 3nce it is established, you have to be confidential. ,ou can0t even tell it to your spouse. 3therwise you will be in violation of confidentially. 5verything is confidential. )o standard is very high and strict. $he starting point is when your client tells you all the facts and asks you for legal advice, that0s the point where attorney2client relationship commences. @lientAs Bunds CANON 1! - A LAWYER SHALL HOLD IN TRUST ALL MONEYS AND PROPERTIES OF HIS CLIENT THAT MAY COME INTO HIS POSSESSION. Rule 1!.01 - A lawyer shall account for all money or property collected or received for or from the client. Rule 1!.02 - A lawyer shall keep the funds of each client separate and apart from his own and those of others kept by him. Rule 1!.0 - A lawyer shall deliver the funds and property of his client when due or upon demand. Cowever, he shall have a lien over the funds and may apply so much thereof as may be necessary to satisfy his lawful fees and disbursements, giving notice promptly thereafter to his client. Ce shall also have a lien to the same e8tent on all judgments and e8ecutions he has secured for his client as provided for in the Dules of @ourt. Rule 1!.0" - A lawyer shall not borrow money from his client unless the clientAs interests are fully protected by the nature of the case or by independent advice. $either shall a lawyer lend money to a client e8cept, when in the interest of justice; he has to advance necessary e8penses in a legal matter he is handling for the client. ,ou have to take care of your client0s funds. All the monies must be accounted for. ,ou hold separate accounts, as a good procedure, it is always good an established separate account. )o there would be no issues later on. CON!LICT O! INTEREST A lawyer shall not represent conflicting interests e8cept with the written consent of all his clients. 2 %A situation that has the potential to undermine the impartiality of a person because of the possibility of a clash between the personEs self2 interest and professional interest or public interest. &t is a situation in which a person has a duty to more than one person or organiCation, but cannot do 8ustice to the actual or potentially adverse interests of both parties. $his includes when an individualEs personal interests or concerns are inconsistent with the best for a LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles ? customer, or when a public officialEs personal interests are contrary to hisFher loyalty to public business. An attorney, an accountant, a business adviser or realtor cannot represent two parties in a dispute and must avoid even the appearance of conflict. 7eFshe may not 8oin with a client in business without making full disclosure of hisFher potential conflicts, heFshe must avoid commingling funds with the client, and never, never take a position adverse to the customer( 2Gristine Huibod2 Le2$& C(un"e&#n2 (June 23, 2012) Let0s go back to our previous discussion, wherein we have said that practice of law is not a business. &t is not a money2making venture. But, at the end of the day, you must consider the fact that your practice must survive the competition. And we have to remember the fact that we have a family to support. )o, these things, these are the important considerations to weigh vis2I2vis the idea that practice of law is not a business. >nless of course, you go as a government employee, or corporate lawyering. ,ou know, when you are a corporate lawyer, you can receive a regular salary, you don0t have to worry about other costs, about your employees0 salaries. $he salary comes in every month, every two weeks of pay period. &f you are happy with that, that would not be a tiresome work. But, for those who would like to start on their own, they have a lot of things to think about. !ractice is not a right, rather a privilege. $hat is why we have a lot of ethics, rules, ethical rules, and you also talk about professional responsibility. And if you fall short of these professional responsibilities, or you violate these ethical standards set to your profession, you can be held liable criminally, and that your practice of law can be suspended or you will be denied in the practice of law. &t is a privilege sub8ect to the mandate of the due process. 3f course, you will be given a chance to e/plain and defend yourself. And & think that this would be a perfect topic in your sub8ect of legal ethics where you will discuss more in depth the conse-uences of violating the ethical standards of legal profession. *hen a lawyer violates his oath, then what is the legal conse-uence" I#$%&#'e$ %(&% )$ '*#$)+e,e+ -,&'%)'e *. l&/0 )o, last week, we have mentioned of the case of 4ur'e ." M$2u&t$ ( A%-5 C$"e N(5 66+078, June 10, 2002). &t has mentioned a discussion of what is a practice of law, what constitutes the practice of law. *hen does a lawyer and client relationship commence" )o, from the decision of the )upreme Court, it would seem that if a person will come to a lawyer, asks for his advice, gives you all the facts of his case that was filed, with the intention of getting a legal advice from you, then if you did not arrived in an agreement, or you did not sign an agreement, or even if you will say that now, you have to hire me first before & will give you an advice. Clearly, t9e ru&#n2" (: t9e c(urt "$) t9$t e.en t9e -(-ent )(u 2#.e 9#- $n $%.#ce, $n% t9#" $&& 9$;;ene% <#t9 t9e =n(<&e%2e (: c(n:#%ence, t9en, t9ere e>#"t $ &$<)er+ c&#ent re&$t#(n"9#;, #--e%#$te&)5 N(<, <9$t $re t9e #n"t$nce" t9$t $re n(t c(n"#%ere% $" ;r$ct#ce (: &$<? 0. )ratuitous furnishing of legal aid to the poor and unfortunates who are in pursuit of any civil remedy, as a matter of charity, does not constitute practice of law. & dare say that this is debatable. 5ven an indigent client deserves a good legal advice. $hey e/pect that when they have a lawyer, that such lawyer has such skills. )o, you cannot, 8ust turn around and say, that this is all charity, so, there is no lawyer2client relationship. )o, & think that this point here is debatable. For e/ample that you are a lawyer, people will come to you and they will pay you. ,ou must render the same e-ual effort and service to your clients who are indigent and those that can pay well. 2. he mere search for records of realty to ascertain what they may disclose without giving any opinion or LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles A advice as to the legal effects of what may be found, does not constitute practice of law. )o, you said to a client or a friend, a friend who knows that you are a lawyer. ,our friend will say, can you send somebody who can check the status of the title in the ;egister of 4eeds. *hether the property has been mortgaged or not" *hether the title is clean or not. )o, you send your staff, or you yourself will go directly to the ;34. $hat alone is not a practice of law. As long as you are not giving legal advice as to the legal effects of the document. Like when you say that this title has an encumbrance. )o, what are we going to do attorney" )o, you0ll give an advice, like you have to institute a case to clean the title, or how to get rid of an encumbrance. $hat is already giving a legal advice, and a lawyer2client relationship already arises. ,ou are already practicing law. 5. Work involves a clerical labor of filling in the blanks on stereotyped form or a mere mechanical act of copying from a file copy or finished documents which involves no legal thing, is not considered legal practice. )o, this mere involves mechanical act. <o advice was given. )o, if you are ask, if attorney can you help me in filling up an application form maybe for an insurance application form. ,ou can argue that, that was not a practice of law. & merely help and assisted the client in filling up the application form, and answering the -uestions one2by2one. )o this is a kind of assistance that you give a person, but you will not be considered as someone who is practicing law. @eter-#n$t#(n (: <9et9er (r n(t $n #n%#.#%u$& #" ;r$ct#c#n2 &$< (r n(t5 *hy is that important" *hy do we have to ask ourselves, am & practicing law"# *hy" F),$%1 we have to consider the fact am & entitled to collect attorneys fees"# &f you are dispensing advice, and you are not collecting an attorney0s fees, you better stop being a lawyer. ,ou have intellectual property. $he advice that you give to your clients is considered as intellectual property. ,ou have to attach a value to your intellectual property. *ho determines the value" ,ou yourself. &f you think that you gave your client a very good advice, then you have to collect an attorney0s fees. 5ven advice on telephone calls, some of the lawyers do not want to give their personal numbers, because there are clients who will sometimes call, and ask for -uestions and even tell stories. $hey assume that because they did not go to the office, the lawyer will not charge. )o, if you are the lawyer, you can send them an invoice, saying, conversation, so and so, date, and the amount#, then you send it to the client. 3f course, not all clients are like the ones who go to your office, have some chit chat, but somehow, they are actually fishing for some legal advice. But, there are also good paying clients, and that you have to take care of these paying clients. Se'*#+, basis for filing action for usurpation of official functions against one, who not being a member of the bar duly licensed to practice law by the )C, represents himself as a lawyer to the public and performs acts pertaining to a lawyer by means of deception to the pre8udice of the bar and the public.
$he person you are not to, later on, you discover, is not really a lawyer, or is not supposed to be practicing law, so, you can file an action for usurpation of official functions. >nder ;ule 1?.@1 of the Code of 5thics and ;esponsibility6 CANON 10 + A LAWAER S/ALL /OL@ IN TRUST ALL MONEAS AN@ ROERTIES O! /IS CLIENT T/AT MAA COME INTO /IS RO!ESSION5 LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles J
Ru&e 10501 + A &$<)er "9$&& $cc(unt :(r $&& -(ne) (r ;r(;ert) c(&&ecte% (r rece#.e% :(r (r :r(- t9e c&#ent5 &f you are an administrator of an estate, you have the titles with you, you have many responsibilities, you have administrative responsibilities, you have to make sure that the ta/es are paid, that the properties are earning properties, that the rents were collected. )o, with all these responsibilities, you are entitled to a fee. ,ou have to be paid with a fee. And that fee will be paid by any income the estate has. $hat is why it is very important to separate you monies and income from the monies and income of your client. )o, what will you do if your client thinks that your lawyer2client relationship will be a long one, so, he deposited a hundred thousand to cover all the e/penses you may have in dealing with his legal problems. )o, you must have a separate trust fund, there must be a separate accounting of your client0s funds from your office and own funds. &f you are an administrator of an estate, you must render regular accounting to avoid confusion. &n order to make sure that there is a proper separation of funds and properties. Lawyers who appropriates their clients0 funds are violating their professional ethics, and code of professional responsibility. A big law firm composed of 1D29@ lawyers, in the states, a big law firm, nationwide, may be around D@@ lawyers= a mid2siCe lawyer may be around a hundred lawyers, a small siCe lawyer, maybe around, D to 1@ lawyers. )o, when you have big law firms, you have different departments, different specialties, you have ta/, realty, labor, litigation, environment, corporate, etc. Area of litigation handled by those who specialiCed in litigation, they do not actually have this delineation whether be it criminal or civil cases, because the only difference id the amount of proof needed. )o, there are firms that may be hired by clients, like for e/ample Apple and +icrosoft. )o, what if your clients tell you that they want you to be their e/clusive lawyers, so, when you say yes to one of them, you will have to say goodbye to one of them )o, we have this what we call e%()'&l /&ll1 *, &l$* '&lle+ %(e C()#e$e /&ll where certain sections of your law firm are barred from knowing what the other departments have, such as any documents or information about their clients. $hey cannot look on the data base that includes the pleadings filed by the partners of the other section. $his is done to prevent conflict of interest, un&e"" )(u 2et t9e <r#tten c(n"ent (: )(ur c&#ent"5 )o, as a solo practitioner, you will also encounter clients that are like that, but 8ust remember that, if you feel that there is conflict of interest, you have to make sure, and you want your client not to go away, you have to get the written consent of your other client. N(<, (;t#(n" :(r &$<)erB 15 S(&( r#.$te r$ct#ce Advantages% a. ,ou0re the own boss, you have to log in or out. b. working hour is manageable ,ou can go to the office any time you want. c. ,ou can handle and choose how much workload you want to accept LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles K ,ou can choose the case you want to handle. ,ou design your own system, since you are your own boss. ,ou are the own boss, but, at the end of the day, you hold responsible to the success of your solo practice. d. ,ou can choose your own clients What are the disadvantages( a. it is a maiden practice and it does not yield a lot of clients because no client will go to lawyer without reputation b. must build network of referrals from families and friends c. feast or famine income# d. All e/penses are shouldered by solo practitioner e. <o e/tra support when pressed for time f. Both administrative and legal concerns will burden the solo practice &t is your first time after passing the bar. Like, what if you set up an office near 5coland, 4avao City. ,ou put up some signs that you specialiCed in different fields, separation cases, civil law, criminal law, and any other schemes. ,ou are not supposed to do that, but some of the other lawyers try to be creative. $hose were signs that add up to your reputation. )o anyway, you set up an office, your first client would be your families and friends. And there would be cases that you do not know the solution, so you have to study the facts of the case, because being in a solo practice, you have no one to help you other than yourself. ,ou do the case, communication. 3f course, you have to have your secretary, process server. ,ou have to have these people after someone opens your door, if you don0t want to see yourself serving this documents to other lawyer0s office. &t0s good if you do not really care about it. But, if your ob8ective is to get as many clients as you can, you must set up a system already. *hat if you have a client meeting in +arco !olo, a hearing in 4avao del )ur" *ho0s there to help you" Like you are the one who applies for certification, other documents and papers. $hat is why new bar passers do not go to solo practice immediately. 25 A""#"t$nt (r $""(c#$te #n $ ;r#.$te &$< :#r- a. .enerally offers better opportunities &n working as an associate in a private law firm, offers new opportunities. >sually formed by batchmates and classmates in law school. )ometimes, there are lawyers who can get good clients, so these e/isting law firms hire you. b. 5/isting partnership usually have financial capability to defray overhead e/penses of maintaining a law office. )o, if the firm has been in e/istence like about 1@ years, they have already number of clients that can help in the payment of rent, the staff, office supplies. ,ou have to make sure that your staff is happy because you have to work as a team. And when your staff will leave, you have to train all over again. *hat are usually overhead e/penses" *ater, rent, office supplies, salary of your staff, the 8anitors. &t does not help if your office is not neat. 5ven if you have a small office, it must be organiCed and presentable for your client. $hat your clients will not be offered with plastic chairs. ARTNERS !artners agree on articles of partnershipFfinancial agreements to avoid future misunderstanding %e.g. how to bring in income the partnerships= how to divide income for clients they have individually brought in= discuss e/pectations(. !artners agree on how to contribute to the cost of operations %rents, staff, utilities, office supplies, including information technology( )ome of the more complicated partnerships, they invest so much that they get points out of this invested. )o they can argue that & brought this much client, thus, & LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1@ got this much points, and then, you can demand a higher pay. $he points will be the basis of your share. $hat is if you are a partner. &f you are an associate, you have a fi/ed salary as an associate. &n other law firms they have an agreement as to where will the money from the notarial funds go, usually, it is placed in the common funds of the partnership. )o if you are a ten2lawyer firm, you have to make sure that you have an organiCed structure. )omebody has to be assigned as to the day2to2day operation, so someone has to be $ -$n$2#n2 ;$rtner. $he managing partner oversees the money of the firm, the overall person. $hen you have to have a 9u-$n re"(urce ;$rtner, not somebody who has a !h 4 in human resource, 8ust someone who will address the concern as to human resources. 7e will oversee the appointment of staff, how to dress in the office. $his may not be a legal concern, but this boils down to the core of the office. 7appy office, happy staff. $hen we have a 2ener$& c(un"e&, or somebody who will oversee if there are conflicts of interests in handling the cases. &f there are conflicts of interest, he shall be the one to decide on who will handle the case or represent the client. $hen we have a c9#e: :#n$nc#$& (::#cer. +ake sure that your books are updated, and have an accounting of your income. )o, your financial department will also be the one to oversee whether or not your firm is earning. Because if you are not earning you cannot e/pand. &f you are earning, maybe you have plans of transferring to a bigger office. &t would be a lot better when the chief financial officer is not a lawyer at all, because he will 8ust tell you straight that you 8ust need to bill more. *hat he is after is that you must bring more clients. And it can also be an accountant that you 8ust hire per period to do the accounting. $hen, you may need $ -$r=et#n2 ;r(:e""#(n$&, if necessary, who will be assigned in communications and in bringing more clients. Advertising is not supposed to be ethical, but there are ways in going around that. ,ou can be creative. )ometimes, we lawyers we tend to be modest of our achievements, but if you have four children to send to Ateneo de 4avao, you need a lot of money. *hile young, you must be more aggressive, you must be out there presenting yourself, you must bring in more clients, because this will translate to income, people engaging your services. ,ou won0t like to turn down any client. ,ou deal with one case, and then you develop such e/pertise. &t is manner of presenting yourself. *rapping yourself, not with myth, but you can study each case. ,ou learn as you go along. 75 J(#n#n2 $ c(r;(r$te &$< %e;$rt-ent 3ption of being a legal officer in corporation law department, we are talking about corporations. Like in Coca2Cola, they have e/ternal counsel. *hen they think that they will need a lot of lobbying, they tap partners who are prominent in the society, or have lobbying powers. But such corporations have their internal counsel or general counsel. $he nice thing of being a lawyer, unlike other professions, after you finished banking and finance, you get hired by a bank, you have to go up through the ladder. A lawyer, in the organiCational structure, is immediately under the office of the president. Because the president usually needs the services of lawyers. .enerally, position offers higher compensation and other pecuniary and fringe benefits not usually en8oyed in private practice %large law firms through creating their own fringe benefit package like health cards.( LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 11 6isadvantages 1. 4ifficult to a lawyer to switch to private practice because of financial considerations. !eople working for business corporations hesitate to go to private practice because they are giving up high compensation. 9. *ork is limited by the legal concerns or business of the employer= some employers allow their lawyers engage in private practice on the side but a rarity than a regular practice. :. &n formal law departments, the head lawyer is referred as general counsel who carries the responsibility as director or officer of corporation. $he head lawyer reports directly to the president. $he usual basis of sectioning is the legal sub8ect matter L for instance ta/, corporate affairs, real estate, litigation, patents, labor, immigration, and insurance. &n some corporate department, there is some kind of formal sectioning is done by administrative, individual corporate subsidiaries, civil, law, criminal law special proceedings under litigation section. 5very corporate law department adopts a system by which lawyer0s work is assigned. $he corporate policy must be to comply with the law as the law department construes it and all officers and other management employees and all the lawyers in the law department must know this is to be the case %30meana, 19 the Business Lawyer( H*/ +* 2*u 3*)# & '*,-*,&%e l&/4 I% '&# e)%(e, 5e0 &6 ,e.e,,&l$7 56 ,e',u)%8e#%$7 *, '6 -lu'9 *u% *. -,):&%e -,&'%)'e. Fu%u,e *. & l&/2e, )# & '*,-*,&%e e8-l*2e, Law department careers are usually put in favorable lights with stress on how varied, import and e/citing are the legal problems dealt y a corporate counsel, the e>ce&&ent (;;(rtun#t#e" :(r $%.$nce-ent, <#t9 $&&u"#(n" t( ;r(";ect" (: u&t#-$te&) -(.#n2 u; #nt( -$n$2e-ent, and the :$.(r$'&e :#n$nc#$& re-uner$t#(n #nc&u%#n2 "t$rt#n2 "$&$r#e", re2u&$r "$&$r) #ncre$"e", $n% "uc9 "u;;&e-ent$r) :r#n2e 'ene:#t" $" '(nu"e" $n% "t(c= (;t#(n"5 !ther 6isadvantages #cEo -arte& 1.lesser chance of doing litigation work Corporate lawyers, they do not see each other anymore, while those in litigation, they see each other in court. 9.isolation of many corporate lawyers from professional contacts outside the company and busily engaged in its daily routine as to lose lawyer0s sense of proportion of craftsmanship in approaching legal problems and to substitute off2the2cuff impressions :.hard legal study and analysis are usually encountered by private practitioners LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 19 ,our drive to know more is not as much as those in private practice. &magine that when you pass the bar, you think you no longer need to study. <o, it is a constant discipline. 85 G(.ern-ent e-;&()-ent (2(.ern-ent (::#ce" $n% #n"t#tut#(n", $n% GOCC") &t is the biggest single employer of lawyers. .overnment is always a fall back for those who can0t find their luck in private practice. .overnment employment covers all branches such as constitutional commissions. $he 43M is the mother department of the prosecution service L )ol .en, .overnment Corporate Counsel, !A3. $he 8udiciary departments, .3CCs and other governmental institutions, in the provincial and municipal positions, the legislative departments which involves policy2 making in both 7ouses. )o, hindi talaga ako maniwal if there is someone who is an unemployed lawyer, sobra naman yun. %L3L'( Advantages 1. )teady income L future .)&) pension 9. <ot as stressful as private :. ;oom for advancement in bureaucracy B. For women, accommodate domestic schedule D. 4evelops e/pertise for private practice ?. )alary depends on salary grade, but generally high 6isadvantage 1. ,ou get stuck up to your 8ob &t is because with a well paying salary, you find it difficult to leave the same employment which guarantees you future security like being entitled to a .)&) pension upon retirement. 2 Carell ;yCa <artateC2 Le2$& C(un"e&&#n2 Ju&) 6, 2012 C9$rter#n2 $n #%e$& &$< O::#ceB !utting a new law office 2were talking maybe after B years or D years and you have set aside an amount to fund your own law office. 5ven it is 8ust a small law office= it is still an e/pensive undertaking to run. ,ou need office staff like messenger, secretary etc. !hysical set up L where to build your law office. Location is very important. ,ou should be near the location of big clients. <owadays & can see law firms 8ust beside a cafeteria, or hardware or automotive store. $hese clients may need notariCation of documents from time to time. <ot necessarily in a high rise building or in a second floor building. As long as you can bring in clients, that0s okay. Law practice is a very noble profession. & know of a law office where the wife runs a beauty salon and from the outside you can see a sign N,O law firm. )o a law office operates there. $his is done maybe to cut the cost. ,ou combine business to have only 1 rental. ,ou have to have a good staff. +ay telephone courtesy, may office niceties. 5specially Filipinos do not have that telephone courtesy. $each your staff office manners. 3ffice staffs that are not nagging each other all the time, too noisy like <CCC sales staff. &n my office in Canada, it is so -uiet that even if a pin dropped, you can hear it. !eople 8ust work and do not chat at each other. 4o not allow your staff wearing flip2 flops %with toe nails uncut( while roaming around the office. W9$t -u"t $n #%e$& (::#ce 9$.e? &s the office appropriately indentified or accessible" *ith huge names on top of the building to show people that there is a law office. )ome clients 8ust walk in if they wanted a document to be notariCed. so if your location is okay, it would really help. LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1: 4oes it present a neat appearance" Are the files properly set asideForganiCed" &s there an ample room" 5very inch of your real property must be utiliCed. 7ave a space to walk around. &s the ventilation ade-uate" $he aircon is functioning or at least with an electric fan Are walls attractively decorated" $his will show your personality. $ry to avoid cutie cutie stuff. $hey would be nice if they are 8ust accent in a table. $hey are okay for a pediatrician. Must put paintings %even a reproduction( with nice frames. $o show that you a professional lawyer. Are offices cleaned regularly" &f you enter a lease agreement you should ask if they provide someone to clean the office or it is you who have to be responsible for that 4o you provide for drinking water facilities for the client and staff" &f a beauty parlor can provide for iced tea, no reason that a law office cannot do so. $ell your assistant to offer the client something to drink especially if they have to wait. !arking facilities. *ashroom faculties. ;eading materials % legitimate newspaper or others( 7ave a conference room to discuss confidential matter. ;emember the rule on confidentiality of agreement between you and client. ,our staff must sign a confidentiality agreement. *arned them that if confidential matters leak, they may be held liable too. +ake your staff aware that information that comes to the office especial from clients must be treated with utmost confidentiality. Library L for your )C;A, law books. 5ven 8ust a small table with book case. 4o you discard obsolete books" ,ou may keep old books for reference but have an updated copies Are books maintained in good repair. But with the advent of e2books or other software you can have them. But iba ang dating ng physical books than an e2book especially in dealing with clients. 5-uipment L %typewriters, adding machine, computers, photocopiers(. For photocopiers, if you buy it, you will be stack with that machine forever and pay a repairman if there is a need. &f you 8ust rent, its kind a e/pensive but at least you are assured that they will maintain it daily and update for a new version when you renew your contracts. &n my e/perience, big law firms tent to rent photocopy machines. $hey treat it like 8ust water and light. $hey want the latest technology and not stack with the machine. ,ou can replace it whenever you want. For your computers or wifi, you need it since internet is part of an office already. A big chunk of your work is lessened by internet and you work efficiently. ,ou also need adding machines, and typewriters. *hether you like it or not, you need typewriters. 5specially government forms which can only be filled by typewriters but at least an electric typewriters. &nter office communication L fa/ machine, scanner because some clients do scan documents and send thru email. ,ou have to be fast, technologically updated. $echnologically compatible L software for huge document like advance adobe program for scanning and storing data. ,ou can do a lot of things with that software for easy retrieval of voluminous data. )oftware on accounting, book keeping. $rain your staff to be accommodating %like ay dili man na mahimo mamFsir#( staff should be trained to become problem solver. $ry to do something out of the bo/. LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1B O;en#n2 $ &$< (::#ce &n opening a law office this also means organiCation. ,ou have to be organiCed because that is the key to efficiency. ,ou have to design your system on how you do it. 5ach and everyone have their own style. But everybody should have an efficient filing system. !ILING SASTEM o Lawyer will design the filing system for his easy access. o +a8or categories of files6 Client files Accounting files Admin files &f you have a good and efficient secretary it would take half a load off your back. ,ou will 8ust think on your legal issues. A good assistant will always keep track of the deadlines, billings and others. ,ou don0t have to think of those things. C&#ent :#&e" L +ust contain folders %e/pandable files( up to 9 inches. &n <orth America, they have these things which can e/pand up to D inches. $hat is the basic file folder. Folders for client contact details, general correspondence, billing address and contact numbers, email addresses of client especially if it0s a big office client. )ometimes office addresses are not the billing address. ,ou have to update your files. !rint those important emails. &f litigation file, make folders for pleading. ,ou have to subdivide files if it is already a big file. &f other people will work on your files, hindi magkakawalaan. ,ou should be able to track who0s getting what. <umbering of folders, number of bellows. &f you have a smart assistant, she should find ways to be able to organiCe the files. Color coding of folders % e/ample6 white for general correspondence, red for billings, the rest are brown folders( Acc(unt#n2 :#&e" + ,ou have to know your accounting files if you0re earning or not. )o that you know your collectibles or how much your payables are. )ome big firms have chief financial officers, they are not lawyers. $hey 8ust look into your performance if you0re earning money for the firm or having problematic accounts. )eparate from the accounts folder. ,ou have to have a book keeper to check your payables or receivables. 4o not make your assistant your book keeper baka maging hawak ka nya sa leeg. 3ffice accounting for clients. Always deposit any money that coming in. Account all funds especially client money. )alary of staff. $hat is in your accounting. 5ven you, you have to give yourself a salary. 4o not treat it as your money. $hink like you are also an employee of that firm. )o that you will be able to know which fund is your profit or income of your office. +ost solo practitioners are confused. $hey do not have financial plans= they mi/ed funds so they cannot determine their income. ,ou have to distant yourself from the law office. .ive yourself allowances %for coffee with client and other e/pensed( and account for it. Account receivables F accounts payables. Bookkeepers shall fi/ this and you shoud not worry baka maputulan ka dahil may red bills 3verhead e/penses and government fees. LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1D A%-#n#"tr$t#.e :#&e !ersonnel folder L must sign confidentiality of agreement= depending on how efficient the organiCation should be. +embership in professional organiCation L &B!, or other local chapters. !ublications %articles written and published( part of their professional development. $his is also a way of advertising your e/pertise. $here is this publication in America where your law firms are published but you have to pay for it. $his is regarding the e/pertise, so the publication rates the law firms according to e/pertise so as the lawyer. $his is for recognition. +arketing L this is about sponsorships. 3ffice lease agreement. &nformation technology. C$&en%$r S)"te- +ust set up calendar system in the office. $his is for deadlines, schedule for the day or week or appearances in court. )o that you assistant can monitor you. $his could be done electronically. 4eadline for pleadings must also be monitored. Arranged according to the most pressing. $he following week0s schedule should be finaliCed on the Friday of the previous week and this shall be given to lawyer. >sually the secretary print the calendar on the $hursday so that on the Friday the lawyer knows his schedule and he can make use of the weekend if there is a need rush something. $he assistant must know your schedule E&ectr(n#c @$t$ 4$n= )upreme court decision L you can buy software for some providers *ord processer 2 for templates etc Billing Accounting 3ffice networking Avail software applications for efficiency 2 bookkeeping 2 !hilip .alagar L Le2$& C(un"e&&#n2 Au2u"t 2, 2012 C3<$;AC$ 3F 5+!L3,+5<$6 5/press or implied, verbal or written &n case of series of work for the client 4ischarged without cause6 entitled to full compensation *ith cause6 not entitled to compensation either under contract or basis of -uantum meruit &f abandons case or withdraws without 8ustifiable cause before its termination, unless with consent of client
Contingent fee contract As long as contract is not tainted with fraud, undue influence, mistake or suppresion of facts on the part of the lwyer terms of contract shall be implemented against the portion of the clientEs property sub8ect of LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1? the contract but only if the suit or litigtion is favorble to the client &f case is lost, no payment of fee &f fee agreed upon is unconscionable, court may step in to make it reasonable 3ther factors6 3ther une/pected incidents like filing and arguing a motion, estimated time and effort to be spent for arguments 5/penses to be incured in erfecting an appeal, preparation of appeal briefs, Business2like approach in fi/ing and payment of attys fees 4elays must be e/plained to the client Bottomline6 transparency Business developingF marketing for law practitioners .etting your name out there Big law offices have rainmakers, the rest pf lawyers do not develo their books of business Aim for sustainability of practice 2 to achieve success in their legal careers 2 to promote growth of their law offices )trategies6 marketing is a contact sport 2 pursue profile and confidence2builidng activities 5.g speaking engagements, publishing articles, etc 5stablish targets6 identify types of works and clients, and identify specific audiences and communities that will allow the interface with the lawyer &dentify :2B Business devt activities in a year 2 something lawyer likes and does nturally 2 get active in $rade orgs )upport e/ecution2 report back and follow2through $rack results2 vis2 a2vis your financial plan so success can be measured Canadian lawyer magaCine feb 9@, 9@19 +arketing of services6 draw a marketing plan &mpt considerations6 2 know what your clients value 2 know your goals2 short, long2term 2 know resources2 how much money can you spend in marketing 2 focus your resources to your target segment B !s of +arketing 1. !roduct6 identify a need, then provide a service that adresses that need uni-uely. 4onEt be a Pme, tooP law firm, create a -uality product or service LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1A 9. !lace6 a -uestion of access, physical access, also consider the internet %this has re 4efined physical acess( :. !rice6 this is the entry point= allows your cients to see if they can continue their relationship with your office B. !romotion6 within thebounds allowed by ethical rules %advertising your name in magaCines, referrals, etc <ever take more clients than you can handle with loving care For endless referrals, build relationships to last. Geep your friends close and your enemies closer, you never noe where that referral will come from. *hen building your business strategies, keep in mind the client perspective foremost in both delivering and marketing our legal services $he practives of law is a business and pleasing the customer benefits the customer and lawyer. 2;aia $umanda2 Le2$& C(un"e&&#n2 Au2u"t 0, 2012 Geeping Clients - r(tect $n% nurture t9e re&$t#(n"9#; o Client is boss o 4efine relationship from the start, things you will do and do not do= make sure the client is satisfied with this arrangement= misunderstanding must be clarified right away *hen you kind a grasp already what you are supposed to work on then you have to tell the client the scope of your work, what you can do and what you cant do and make sure the client is satisfied with this arrangement and misunderstanding should clarified right away. )o if there are misunderstanding like akalakobaattykasama yang out of pocket e/penses sa lawyers fee nanapag2usapanna, akalakobahindi nay an ichargesaamin. )o the 1 st instance clarify it right away. - er"(n$& %e-e$n(r $n% 'e9$.#(ur (: &$<)er t(<$r%" t9e c&#ent o @(#n2 $ 2((% ,(' n(t en(u29C $here are some lawyers come in different siCes, there are lawyers very gorgeous, very dignified, there is also like the 8ustice secretary %& suggest not to follow her ( you don0t have to advertised that you are a lawyer very stiff even with wearing scrap but & do like scrap but since )ec 4e Lima wear it every time & will find another accessory. +en lawyers who like to sa end pa langng hall of 8ustice shouting agadpanyero, there are lawyers paluoi9/ langug dating, you know if you are a lawyer you should be able to stand up and have that confident personality but not to the point of being boastful. ,our behaviour and appearance really matters in dealing with the client, do you inspire the client" 4o you LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1J appear like the client trust you" 4o you have clean finger nails" All this class will matter so you need to be professional in your appearance, bakanaman you went to the office perohindinakaplantsaanginyong polo Q barong so it is not enough to do a good 8ob. 5/ample meronka motion din you are with your client in the court pro sasabihinng client mabaho man siAttyoi, panalongaang motion mo pro nahirapannamnhumingaang client so doing a good 8ob is not enough. 7uman nature always calls for sympathy, so when you go to doctors din you are e/plaining already lahatng feelings mo pro parangwlalng so mainiskatalaga so dpat you must be sympathetic to your client. 5/ample your client was confronted with credit card debt and has been sued for collection also needs a sympathetic hear ear, so huwagmonamansabihinnacgeka man gudgastos so knggibayarannanimowlanauntaproblema, you should not say that. ,ou should say may be by the time you have a money we can settle half of this we do not have to go to the ne/t hearing, meron pa man yang mediation wag namansabihinbamalakinaitomasyadomalakina interest nito bah' )o pag2ganun goodbye law practice. o !r#en%&#ne""C ;r(-;tne"" (n( ;r(cr$"t#n$t#(n)C c(urte"), re";ect :(r c&#ent"C 'u"#ne""+&#=e $tt#tu%eC c(n"#%er$t#(n #n =ee;#n2 t9e c&#ent" #n:(r-e% (r u;%$te%C Friendliness is very important. Gung ang client mo finds it so hard to e/press himself in 5nglish wag karinnaman mgenglish9/, pgbinasaya sad what is important is that he understands you. !romptness is also important, do not procrastinate because we lawyers we live by deadlines. )o lawyers their professional life run by deadlines so do not procrastinate. )ome lawyers pag2early pa dli pa mgworkang mind then pagBpm nadhanamgcge dictate sa secretary so who suffers from the pressure of the deadline" ,ou poor secretary suffers because eventually she would be the one typing or filing so that is unfair' Courtesy. *e Filipinos it is not innate in us namagthank you paranganghirapngmgthank you bah. But if it is with the client you have to be courteous. o A.$#&$'#&#t) $t $&& t#-e", te&e;9(ne c$&&", e-$#&", te>t -e""$2e" Always remember that if you communicate with the client make sure you have a hard copy, because there is no substitute for documentary evidence yungmga te/t nabuburayan. &n <orth America for e/ample they issue subpoena ducestecum through emails so they will print that hindiyannawawala. *hether you like it or not you cannot say that when the client is calling in 11pm you will end the call, yun pa naman client who are calling because they need something or they remember something to tell you all of the sudden, you have to answer it because some client will be irritated because they think they are paying but they cannot reach you. But of course after you answer the call you can say to your client that such matter can be attended in the nest day such be made in a very polite and diplomatic matter. LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 1K - Dee;#n2 t9e c&#ent" #n:(r-e% (n <9$tB o U;%$te (: c$"e (r -$tter "u',ect (: ret$#ner"9#; )o say what is there is nothing going on the case, you still send the client about the status of the case Let us say after the hearing this week you must send client a status letter regarding the status of the case. $he whole point of sending the client letters so that your client will be impressed of your industry and of course with the industry comes the billing statement. o r(-;t re";(n"e t( #nEu#r#e" (re '#&&#n2C "t$tu" (: t9e c$"e) )o for a case namatagalmatapos, like a simple civil case is 9 to : years, so as much as you wanted the client to know the status of the case you must also clarify with him the billing or e/penses like the photocopy, peroyungmga status letters mo wag mongichargebakasabihinng client naAtty wag kanalngmgsendng status letter. )o you have to update and don0t be late in your billing, or don0t delay as long as you have like the itemiCed e/penses for your client and the description of the work done then that would be good enough to bill the client. 3f course your status letters must also be filed, there must be a separate folder for that. o O;en#n2 $&tern$t#.e" (r (;t#(n" t( c&#ent :(r ";ee%) %#";("#t#(n (: c$"e" ,ou may discuss the clients with the status of the case like after si/ months there is a possibility of entering into compromise with the adverse party, you should discuss this with the client. ,ou should not say natapusintalaga naming ang case bapanalotayo, pro talonamansyasaattys fees. )o to be fair and to show your client that you are in good faith you must discuss this with him. o 4r#n2#n2 c&#ent $'re$"t (: %e.e&(;-ent #n $re$ c(ncern $his is true with specially to the corporate clients like their area of business are politically sensitive, like a mining firms, so the lawyers should keep track with regards to the bills in congress. )o if your client is a big entity and it seems that they will affected by legislation, by local legislation like Coning you have to tell your client that is part of your service. 5specially if you are the retainer of the client. o Tr$n";$renc) #n '#&&#n2 *hen you sent your statement make you must detailed there the work undertaken during the past period. - Tr$#n ;er"(nne& (r "u;;(rt "t$:: :(r ;r(:e""#(n$&#"-C -u"t un%er"t$n% ;re""ure (: &e2$& <(r= $n% c(n:#%ent#$& n$ture (: <(r=5 LEGAL COUNSELLING 1ST EXAMINATION REVIEWER Based on the lectures of Atty. Cecilia Angeles 9@ 4o not think that keeping the client only your relationship with him that matters, it is not, it should be the whole office. )o kungang assistant momasyadongmabagal that will reflect on you right" )o make you0re your assistantFstaff are properly train they must know and appreciate the kind of pressure that they have and they must be courteous, respectful and must know the confidential nature of the nature of the work. )o you must also train your staff that they should be professional in dealing with your clients. $hey should also know that when there would be deadlines they may end up working late, they should be able to have a proper conversation. - Mu"t $&<$)" 'e #n t(uc9 <#t9 t9e "t$::C "t$:: "9(u&% 'e tr$#ne% t( 9$n%&e <#t9 c&#ent" <9( $&<$)" nee% $"$; $ttent#(n <ow, when you get to be out there playing golf, but you ought to be reachable by your assistant. ,ou cannot 8ust leave your phone in the clubhouse because that is not good your client might go craCy trying to reach you. )o for as long as there is a signal you must be reached. +ake sure that you should answer the te/t messages of your client you may be not personally answered it but you can ask your assistant to answer for you. *hat the client really appreciates is the -uick response. &f there is a valid reason to call you so answer it and discuss it may be over the phone. - O::#ce -u"t 'e c(nc&u"#.e :(r ;r#.$te c(n:erence $he office must be a nice place to deal business with. $here are clients you don0t mind the appearance of the office but there are also are so particular of the offices. +ake sure there is a room there wherein you can make conversation without being heard by the entire office. - ;osalie <uneCa2