Grade 7 Bilingual Math

Real number
Jackie.Zhou
Yantai Yew Wah International School
junzhou013@gmail.com
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 1 / 13
cut into pieces , combine into a big square with a as the length of
edge
0 can a be an integer?
0 can a be a fraction with denominator 2,3...?
0 can a be a fraction?
a is neither an integer nor a fraction, thus a is not rational.
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 2 / 13
Area S length of edge a
1 < S < 4 1 < a < 2
1.96 < S < 2.25 1.4 < a < 1.5
1.9881 < S < 2.0164 1.41 < a < 1.42
1.999396 < S < 2.002225 1.414 < a < 1.415
1.99996164 < S < 2.00024449 1.4142 < a < 1.4143
if we continue this process, we will get an innite decimal
a=1.41421356 .
Real number
% rational number: can be expressed as fraction, including whole
number,terminating decimals, recurring decimals
% irrational number: cannot be expressed as fraction, including innite
non-repeating decimals, square root of an non square integer
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 3 / 13
Example (Indicate which ones are rational numbers, irrational
numbers?)
3.14, -
4
3
, 0.

7, 0.1010001000001...,,-234.10101010...
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 4 / 13
Principal square root
Denition (Principal square root)
Generally, if the square of a positive number x equals to a, i.e., x
2
= a,
then the positive number x is called the principal square root of a. Noted
as

a.
Particularly, we dene the principal square root of 0 is 0, i.e..

0 = 0.
Exercise (Get the principal square roots for the following numbers)
(1) 900
(2) 1
(3)
49
64
(4) 14
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 5 / 13
(1) the principal square root of 9 is 3, i.e., 3
2
= 9, can you nd another
number whose square is 9?
(2) how many numbers whose square equal to
4
25
? what are they? how
about 0.64?
Denition 1 (Square root)
Generally, if the square of a number x equals to a, i.e., x
2
= a, then the
number x is called the square root of a.
Properties
k a positive number has two square roots
k 0 has a unique square root, it is itself 0
k a negative number has no square root
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 6 / 13
Exercise (calculate the square roots for the following)
(1) 64
(2)
49
121
(3) 0.0004
(4) (35)
2
(5) 11
Denition
The process of getting square root of a is called extraction of square root.
The number a is called the radicand.
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 7 / 13
Denition (Cube root)
Generally, if the cube of number x equals to a, i.e., x
3
= a, then x is
called the cube root of a. Labeled as
3

a = x
Properties
l any number has and only has one cube root.
l cube root of a positive(negative ) is a positive(negative) number.
l cube root of 0 is 0.
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 8 / 13
Exercise (Calculate the cube roots for the following)
(1) -64
(2)
8
125
(3) 0.216
(4) -5
(5) a
3
Denition
The process of getting cube root of a is called extraction of cubic root.
The number a is called the radicand.
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 9 / 13
Approximation of square root
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 10 / 13
Using calculator
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 11 / 13
Real number
Denition (Real number)
All the rational number and irrational number constitute the real number.
real number=rational number+irrational number
real number=positive number+0+negative number
Remark
The denition of opposite number, inverse number, absolute value of a
real number is similar as the denitions for a rational number.
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 12 / 13
Exercise (True or False)
(1) any innite decimals are irrational numbers
(2) any irrational number is an innite decimal
(3) any number with a square is irrational
Exercise (Put the numbers into appropriate set)
-7.5,

15, 4,

9
17
,
2
3
,
3

27, 0.31, -, 0.

5
(1) rational numbers:{ }
(2) irrational numbers:{ }
(3) positive real number:{ }
(4) negative real number:{ }
Jackie.Zhou (YWIES) Grade 7 Bilingual Math Real number 13 / 13