Developmental Milestones

Age (mo) Milestones

1, 趴 Lifts head (prone), vocalizes
3, 控頭 Follows, laughs, smiles, good head control
5, 抓 Plays with feet, reaches for and grasps objects
6, 扶坐 Sits with support
8, 找 Sits without support, equilibrium reflexes present, looks for objects
9, 貓貓 Plays peekaboo, gets to sitting position; parachute reflex; stranger anxiety
10, 站 Pulls to stand, cruises, babbles
12-14, 1爸爸 First words; walks
18, 1半脫衣服 Multiple single words; uses spoon, removes clothes
24, 2歲都不要 Two-word phrases; throws overhand; "terrible 2s"
30, 2半穿衣服 Knows full name, puts on clothing
36, 3歲3輪車 Jumps, pedals tricycle, iearns nursery rhymes
48, 4歲白兔跳 Hops, plays with others

Developmental Reflexes
Reflex Present At Disappears By
Sucking Birth
Stepping Birth 1 mo
Placing Birth 1 mo
Root Birth 3 mo
Moro Birth 3 mo
Grasp Birth 3 mo(hand), 8
mo(foot)
Asymmetrical tonic neck Birth 6 mo
Symmetrical tonic neck 6 mo 8 mo
Protective reactions
Forward 5-6 mo Persists
Lateral 6-7 mo Persists
Posterior 9-10 mo Persists

 Sign 0 Points 1 Point 2 Points

Activity Some arms and
Absent Active Movement
(Muscle Tone) Legs Flexed
Pulse Absent Below 100 bpm Above 100 bpm
Grimace Sneeze, cough,
No Response Grimace
(Reflex Irritability) pulls away
Appearance Blue-gray, pale all Normal, except for Normal over entire
(Skin Color) over extremities body
Respiration Absent Slow, irregular Good, crying

Muscle Power Muscle strength grading

C5 Elbow flexors 5：Normal strength
C6 Wrest extensors 4：Movement against gravity, weakness
C7 Elbow flexors with resistance
C8 Finger flexors 3：Marked weakness against resistance
T1 Hand intrinsics 2：Some muscle or tendon movement with
L2 Hip flexors gravity eliminated
L3 Knee extensors 1：Flicker of tendon unit
L4 Ankle dorsiflexors 0：No movement
L5 Long toe extensors
S1 Ankle plantar flexors

Deep Tendon Reflexes

Biceps jerk 0: absent reflex
（C5、C6） 1+: trace, or seen only with reinforcement
Supinator 2+: normal
jerk（C6、C7） 3+: brisk
Triceps 4+: nonsustained clonus (i.e., repetitive
jerk(C6、C7、C8） vibratory movements)
Hoffman jerk 5+: sustained clonus
（C7、C8）
Knee jerk （L2、L3、L4）
Ankle jerk （S1、S2）
Romberg test
Tandem walking

Cranial nerve test

CN2 Pupils test(reaction to light) CN5 Masseter （R/L）：（ / ）
Direst （R/L）：（ / Temporalis（R/L）：（ / ）
CN3 ） CN7 Frontalis （R/L）：（ / ）
CN4 Pupils test(reaction to light) CN10 Uvula movement ：
CN6 Consensual（R/L）：（ / CN11 SCM power （R/L）：（ / ）
） Trapezius power （R/L）：（ / ）
Ocular movements test： CN12 Tongue protrusion：
Diplopia test： Fibrillation ：
Nystagmus：
E：眼睛張開（eye V：語言反應（verbal M：運動反應（motor response）
opening） response）
4：自然張開 5：能清楚理解，對答如流 6：可依從指示而活動
3：被要求時才張開 4：語無倫次，對話混亂不清 5：可指出疼痛部位
2：因疼痛而張開 3：用詞不當，只能說出單音 4：對痛刺激迴避或收縮
1：無法張眼 2：只能發聲，語音無法理解 3：對痛刺激產生異常屈曲反應
1：無法發聲 2：對痛刺激產生異常伸直反應
1：對痛刺激毫無反應