Brkarc 2020

Cisco Modeling Labs 1.
0
- Lessons from a Virtual World
BRKARC-2020
Joel Obstfeld
Distinguished Engineer
2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKARC-2020 Cisco Public
Network Virtualization
The challenge -
How do you deploy new services, make changes, or troubleshoot in the live
network
Quickly, Consistently, Efficiently
And at scale
3
Lab equipment comes at premium
More equipment requires the more power, space and cooling
and theres never enough equipment for all of the people who want to use it!

Similar challenges have already been faced in the Data-center world
Improve the utilization of compute hardware while reducing power, space and
cooling

Can we apply a similar approach to network devices?
4
Why use Virtual Networks?
Build and deploy networks at scale virtually
Verify designs and validate configurations
Prototyping of new capabilities
Reduce risk and errors through improved training
Technical
Opportunities
Benefits
Decrease time to deployment for new services
Replay events for training or fix verification
100 router testbed - 1 physical and 99 virtual
Test combinations of new services
5
Training & Education
Teach and train the next generation
Network engineers
Operators
Designers
Architects

Students need hands-on experience
but the challenge is access to hardware
Learn by doing!
10 students to 1 router or 1 student to 10 routers?
Real-world operating systems or Open-source stacks
(Quagga, XORP etc)?

6
New features, new capabilities
Build, test, experiment and
learn SDN technologies new
paradigms create new
challenges
Cisco OnePK network
programmability framework
developers must be able to test
and validate applications
before deploying to the real
network
How do you test and trial new
control-plane capabilities such
as Segment Routing if you
dont have a lab?
7
Segment Routing
hands on
SDN Technologies
testbed
Agenda
Virtualization - a brief tour
Cisco Modeling Labs 1.0 - Building the virtual world
Student testbed cutting your teeth
Topology building
Cisco Modeling Labs 1.0 in actionLive demo
Case studies
Summary
Q & A
8
Virtualization
a brief tour
VM VM VM VM
Virtualization
VM
! Reset Console
UCS B440 M1/M2
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
!
SLOT
2
SLOT
1
Host OS
Hypervisor
VM VM VM
Virtual Machines are
presented with a set of virtual
hardware resources by the
hypervisor layer
Physical resources shared
between the virtual machines
or can be pinned

10
Linux KVM Machine Virtualization Suite
Physical Host
Host O/S
Virtual Machines
Hypervisor
Virtualized devices (CPU, I/O,
memory) enable a single host
to support many virtual
machines
KVM / QEMU provides a
kernel-based Hypervisor /
host-virtualization facility
Ubuntu 12.4 provides the
basic host operating system
Intel VT-x / AMD-V capable
CPUs expose hardware-
virtualization functions to
Host O/S and Hypervisor
QEMU
/
11
Virtualized Platform Operating Systems
IOS XR NX-OS IOS XE IOS
Virtualized
in
IOS XRv
Virtualized
in NX-OSv
Virtualized in
CSR1000v
Virtualized
in IOSv
Servers
Ubuntu, Cirros,
3
rd
party
appliances
Virtual Machines run the operating system but are NOT representations of
a particular hardware platform no fans, no switch fabric, no ASIC models
12
Virtualized Platform Operating Systems
IOS XR NX-OS IOS XE IOS
Virtualized
in
IOS XRv
Virtualized
in NX-OSv
Virtualized in
CSR1000v
Virtualized
in IOSv
Servers
Ubuntu, Cirros,
3
rd
party
appliances
Same Control-plane code
Same Management plane code
Same memory footprint

13
Different CPU performance
Different Forwarding plane code
No ASIC emulation
Openstack for VM orchestration
Openstack creates, links, and deletes virtual compute and
network resources according to API- or CLI-based instructions
U
s
e
r

W
o
r
k
s
p
a
c
e

M
a
n
a
g
e
m
e
n
t

14
Building the virtual world
System deployment
16
Cisco Modeling Labs workbench
The graphical topology design tool
used to create XML topology files
Powerful topology design functionality
Drag and drop ease
Attributes attached to network
element define:
Addressing schema
IGPs
BGP
Additional control-plane elements
Provides simulation management and
console access to virtual routers

17
AutoNetkit Engine
Uses a DB containing device- and OS-specific
information to create configurations for each virtual
device
Presents graphical representations of many topology-
specific attributes links, interfaces, adjacencies, areas
Automated Network Configuration / Rendering
18
AutoNetKit
Network
Information DB
XML Topology
Definition
Configurations
Topology Renderings
Create Routers
Identify Type / Flavor
Associate Image (Glance)
Identify / Assign Resources
Associate Configuration file
Launch the VM (Nova)
Create Networks / Links
Identify Links and End-Points
Assign End-Points to VMs
Assign Network / Link
Characteristics
Launch the Switch (Quantum)
From XML to Virtual Machine
XML Topology
Definition
The Services Topology Director
generates Openstack calls for
the creation of virtual routers
and links based on the XML
topology definition
Injects configuration into the
virtual routers
VM 2
VM 1
19
System architecture
20
Workflow
CML Workbench
1
Topology Graph
2
Router
Configurations
3
Topology Graph with
Router Configurations
5
Services
Topology Director
6 7
Virtual Machines / Switches
8
9
A1-Console: 17000
A1-Aux: 17001

Topology Views
4
21
Topology Files
XML Topology Definition
Complete topology definition
together with device
configurations held in flat XML
file
Files are highly portable to
enable easy sharing
Multi-user file sharing and
version control with integrated
GIT repo support
Cisco Topology Libraries
hosted on GITHUB
22
Topology Visualization
Network topology
design as input
Physical layer view
BGP view
Configuration Engine generates two outputs
per-node configuration files and network
visualization diagrams
Layer views show protocol-centric topologies
23
Configuring attributes in AutoNetkit
Setting ASN values on
groups of nodes
Physical layer view
BGP view five AS, all
nodes are BGP speakers
IGP view five ASs, five area 0s
24
Configuring attributes in AutoNetkit
25
BGP route-reflector clusters
and ASs configured
BGP full mesh within each AS
Student testbed
Cutting your teeth
Study topology

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

27
Study topology

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

Area 0
Area 1.0.0.1
Area 3.0.0.3
Area 2.0.0.2
28
Study topology setting address families and IGP
Area 0
Area 1.0.0.1
29

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

Study topology setting address families and IGP
Area 0
Area 1.0.0.1
30

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

Study topology setting OSPF areas
Area 1.0.0.1
31

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

Study Topology Setting OSPF Areas
Area 1.0.0.1

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

32
Study topology - visualize
Area 1.0.0.1
Area 0
Area 2.0.0.2
Area 3.0.0.3
33

IPv4 & IPv6
OSPFv2 & OSPFv3
Multiple OSPF Areas

Study topology
Framework OS-specific configuration generated for each node

34
Study topology
Framework OS-specific configuration generated for each node

35
Study topology
VMs booted, control-plane established, prefixes installed

36
Study topology
VMs booted, control-plane established, prefixes installed

37
Study topology
38
NX-OSv-1 node shutdown
IOS-XRv-1 sees OSPF
adjacency terminate
Study Topology
39
Study topology
40
Reconfigure for EIGRP

Side-by-side diff viewer + configuration rollback

2014 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. BRKARC-2020 Cisco Public 41
Study Topology
Reconfigure for EIGRP

Side-by-side diff viewer + configuration rollback

Topology building
Physical to virtual
Physical to Virtual
Networking functionality in Cisco Modeling Labs enables connectivity from Virtual
Machines to the physical world

Option 1 Out-of-band management network connecting all VMs
Option 2 Connections into specific data interfaces on designated VMs

.1q provides trunking between VMs and physical devicestrunk to physical switch and
break-out to individual physical machines

Enables hybrid test environments 1 router, 99 VMs!

43
Physical to Virtual
Cisco Virtual machines run the same operating systems as
the physical devices
Same control-plane code
Same management-plane code
Different forwarding-plane code

Provides a testbed in which tools such as Network
Management systems or scripts can be tested and verified
before deployment

44
Connecting Physical to Virtual
EIGRP enabled
IPv4 only
Two ASs BGP
between border peers

AS200
AS100
45
46
CML 1.0
! Reset Console
UCS B440 M1/M2
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
!
SLOT
2
SLOT
1
! Reset Console
UCS B440 M1/M2
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
A03-0300GA2
10k SAS
300GB
!
!
SLOT
2
SLOT
1
Server 1
CACTI Management station
External physical Linux host
connected to OOB mgmt
network
CACTI software installed
Goal - monitor virtual network
as if nodes were real routers

External physical Linux host
connected to OOB mgmt
network
CACTI Graphing software
installed
Monitoring network as if nodes
were real routers

47
Graphing tool collecting stats
from Cisco VMs, just as if
they were physical devices

48
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
All VMs can are connected in a Shared access network
Access network can be used for OOB Management or for Data-plane
Devices attached to Access network are bridged to the Eth1 interface
Devices connected to the Servers Eth1 interface can then reach the VMs running inside
CON: 10.10.10.100 TCP 17021
VTY: 172.16.1.40
CON: 10.10.10.100 TCP 17020
VTY: 172.16.1.30
49
Topology building
Cariden MATE Design import
Cariden MATE Design import
51
Into CML workbench
52
To the AutoNetkit visualizer
53
Cisco Modeling Labs in actionLive demo
Enterprise Case Study
Introduction of MPLS Traffic Engineering
Project outline
Customer planned to deploy new CRS-1 routers and enable MPLS Traffic
Engineering using Fast Re-route for the first time, controlling traffic flows from
their edge locations to their Data-Centre
The need
To understand the configuration changes required to enable MPLS TE/FRR on IOS and
IOS XR devices
Implement Class-Based Tunnel selection profiles in IOS
Observe changes to traffic flows under failure conditions
Ensure zero (little) impact to traffic flows under failure conditions
The challenge
No lab equipment! Typically use the live network to test with

56
Topology Requirements
Full representation of network core and data-center edge
8 CRS-1
17 IOS routers
2 NX-OS router/switches
55 interconnects

Simulate traffic feeds from edge locations to data-center to enable flow
engineering
57
Simulation Topology
58
Benefits brought to this project
Capability to simulate the production network has previously been impossible for
the customer
The simulation greatly increased the accuracy of configurations and design
ahead of deployment with detailed analysis of MPLS TE/FRR implementation
Operations team were able to spend time hands on, improving their confidence
in the operation and behavior prior to deployment

Surprises in simulation are good, surprises in the live networknot so good

59
ISP Case Study
BGP re-architecture
Project outline
Customer planned to deploy new Peering & Transit nodes on
their Internet Edge to replace legacy systems
The need
Perform the migration steps in the lab
Observe changes to BGP routing from key locations within their network
Understand affect on traffic flows between legacy PE and next-gen PE during the
migration of BGP sessions
Ensure no impact to customers
The challenge
Very limited lab equipment!
61
Topology Requirements
Full representation of network core and Internet edge
(12 CRS-3 and ASR9000-series routers running IOS XR)
Use production BGP feeds
Use production Route Policy Language configuration (over 12k lines)
62
BGP sessions to be moved from
PT1 to PT2 over a 1 month
period
During transition both PT1 and
PT2 will be the primary exit point
Simulation to highlight expected
changes to the network-wide BGP
table during this period, and to
model traffic flows over PT1 <-> PT2
interconnect
High-level diagram
63
Simulation Topology
64
Highlights
1 hour to build topology foundations
12 IOS XRv Nodes
4 IOSv Nodes
2 CSR1000v Nodes
80 interconnects

Traffic Generator connected into topology via network, replaying production
BGP feeds (470k BGP prefixes, 700k paths)

1 Day to integrate production configuration into VIRL configurations
(inc 12,000 lines of RPL)

65
BGP Feed to Route Reflector
66
Full BGP table with
production AS Paths fed
into simulation via traffic
generator
BGP Prefix Scaling
67
700+k paths
Using IOS XRv to validate configurations
68
As per changes to a production node,
configuration changes were made via TFTP,
which validated the step changes prepared for
the migration
Benefits brought to this project
Far more comprehensive topology than their lab infrastructure could have
provided
The use of production IP addressing highlighted a number of key path changes
The virtual topology was dedicated for this purpose, which allowed for complete
control over the prefixes / protocols in use within the network
The time to build the base configurations was drastically reduced compared with
the time to build a physical alternative (combined with zero tear-down time
typically 0.5 days saved).

Topology provides a robust foundation for future projects for the same customer
network

69
Cisco Modeling Labs in action
Technology demo
because breaking the simulator is free!
Cisco Modeling Labs 1.0
Deployment OVA on VMWare on ESXi 5.1 or later
Optimal host Server with 16Gb or higher
Scale Limited by memory and CPU cores of server
Scale calculator tools can help plan HW requirements
Licensing Licenses required for VM scaling (10/50/100 VMs)
Support TAC supported
Cisco VMs supported in
CML 1.0
IOSv 15.4 T
IOS XRv 5.1.1
CSR1000v 3.12
Availability Q3 CY14
72
Cisco Modeling Labs
Many control plane manipulation/monitoring/management features in Cisco
Network operating systems today
What better place to mix them all up and set your network ablaze?
For Training
For Proof of Concept
For configuration verification
For bug-fix verification

Get hands on with CML 1.0 at the Walk-In Self Paced labs area
Stop by Learning@Cisco stand on main show floor

73
Q & A
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75
Complete Your Online Session Evaluation
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Complete your session evaluation
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Dont forget: Cisco Live sessions will be available
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CiscoLive.com/Online
76
Continue Your Education
Information
Cisco Modeling Lab 1.0 www.cisco.com/go/cml
Stands
Cisco Modeling Labs Learning@Cisco
Cisco Modeling Labs 1.x sneak peek Service Provider area (World of Solutions)
VIRL+Oculus Rift Technology demo /dev/innovate
Labs
Cisco Modeling Lab 1.0 Walk-in Self Paced Labs
77

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