PEC140 Introduction to Chemistry

STUDY BLOCK Tutori!" #uestions

1. What are three indications that a chemical reaction might have taken place?
2. Elemental boron is produced in a particular industrial process by heating diboron trioxide
with magnesium metal, also producing magnesium oxide as a by-product. Write the
unbalanced euation !or this process.
". #orrectly balance each o! the !ollowing$
a% #
&
'
12
(g% ) *
2
(g% #*
2
(g% ) '
2
*(g%
b% #*
2
(g% ) +'
"
(g% #*(+'
2
%
2
(a% ) '
2
*(l%
c% ,e-(s% ) '#l(a% ,e#l
2
(a% ) '
2
-(g%
d% +a'#*
"
(s% +a
2
#*
"
(s% ) #*
2
(g% ) '
2
*(g%
e% .s
2
*
"
(s% ) /0(a% ) '#l(a% .s0
"
(s% ) /#l(a% ) '
2
*(l%
!% +a
2
#*
"
(a% ) -(s% ) -*
2
(g% #*
2
(g% ) +a
2
-
2
*
"
(a%
1. a% What is the de!inition o! a 2net ionic3 euation?
b% Why is 2net ionic3 o!ten written with uote marks (2 3% around it?
&. Write !ull (2molecular3% and 2net ionic3 euations !or each o! the !ollowing reactions.
a% -odium hydroxide is added to nitric acid to give sodium nitrate and liuid water.
b% -olutions o! potassium carbonate and barium nitrate are mixed, producing a white
precipitate.
c% . solution o! iron(000% chloride is added to aueous sodium hydroxide.
d% -olid iron(00% oxide is heated with oxygen gas to produce solid iron(000% oxide.
e% -tate !or each o! the above, what type o! reaction it is.
4. #alculate the mass o! each o! the !ollowing (.vogadro5s number 6 4.72 17
2"
mol
1
%$
a% 1.77 mol o! iodine atoms.
b% 1.77 mol o! iodine molecules.
c% 2 iodine molecules.
8. Which one o! the !ollowing pair contains the greatest number o! atoms9 12 g o! oxygen (*
2
%
or 12 g o! sul!ur dioxide (-*
2
%?
:. ;he arsenic-containing compound cacodyl (#
2
'
4
.s% was !irst reported in 1:12 by the
<erman chemist =obert >unsen. (+ever smile at cacodyl$ it has an almost intolerable garlic-
like odour and is very toxic%. 0ts molar mass is 17&.7 g mol
1
. #alculate the percentage by
mass o! carbon in cacodyl.
?. ;he action o! bacteria on meat and !ish produces a poisonous compound called cadaverine.
.s its name and origin implies, it stinks@@ 0n an e!!ort to determine the structure o!
cadaverine, an elemental analysis was per!ormed and results indicated the compound
contained &:.88A carbon, 1".:1A hydrogen and 28.17A nitrogen. What is the empirical
!ormula o! cadaverine?
17. ,or some unknown reason, the B-. still has pennies (1c pieces% in circulation. ;he penny is
made o! a Cinc disk that is covered in a thin layer o! copper. 0! you scratch the copper layer,
revealing the Cinc beneath, and then soak the coin in hydrochloric acid, the Cinc dissolves
leaving a hollow shell o! copper. Write a balanced euation to show the reaction o! Cinc
metal with hydrochloric acid which produces dissolved Cinc chloride and hydrogen gas.
11. Write the net ionic euations !or any precipitation reactions that occur when aueous
solutions o! the !ollowing compounds are mixed. 0! no visible reaction occurs, write 2no
reaction3.
a% 0ron(000% nitrate and sodium carbonate.
b% Dercury(0% nitrate and sodium chloride.
c% -odium nitrate and tin(00% nitrate.
d% #opper(00% sul!ate and sodium sul!ide.
e% Eithium phosphate and lead(00% nitrate.
!% #alcium nitrate and lithium carbonate
12. Which one o! the !ollowing best describes what happens when magnesium chloride solution
is added to dilute nitric acid?
.. Dg#l
2
) 2'+*
"
Dg(+*
"
%
2
) 2'#l
>. Dg
2)
) 2+*
"

Dg(+*
"
%
2
#. '
)
) #l

2'#l
F. #l

) '+*
"
'#l ) +*
"

E. ;here is no visible reaction.

1". When solutions o! the !ollowing are mixed, which combinations will result in the !ormation
o! precipitates?
(i% >a(+*
"
%
2
and '#l (ii% #a(+*
"
%
2
and +a
2
-*
1
(iii% #u(+*
"
%
2
and #s*' (iv% Gb(+*
"
%
2
and '
2
-*
1
.. (i%, (ii%, and (iii% only >. (ii% and (iii% only #. all
F. (ii%, (iii% and (iv% only E. (i%, (ii% and (iv% only