7/21/13 Motor Formulas

www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 1/6
Herearesomemotorformulasthatmaybeuseful.

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UsefulFormulasFormulas
TransformerFormulas
CalculatingMotorSpeed:
Asquirrelcageinductionmotorisaconstantspeeddevice.Itcannot
operateforanylengthoftimeatspeedsbelowthoseshownonthe
nameplatewithoutdangerofburningout.
ToCalculatethespeedofainductionmotor,applythisformula:
Srpm=120xF
P
Srpm=synchronousrevolutionsperminute.
120=constant
F=supplyfrequency(incycles/sec)
P=numberofmotorwindingpoles
Example:Whatisthesynchronousofamotorhaving4poles
connectedtoa60hzpowersupply?
Srpm=120xF
P
Srpm=120x60
4
Srpm=7200
4
Srpm=1800rpm
CalculatingBrakingTorque:
7/21/13 Motor Formulas
www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 2/6
Fullloadmotortorqueiscalculatedtodeterminetherequiredbraking
torqueofamotor.
ToDeterminebrakingtorqueofamotor,applythisformula:
T=5252xHP
rpm
T=fullloadmotortorque(inlbft)
5252=constant(33,000dividedby3.14x2=5252)
HP=motorhorsepower
rpm=speedofmotorshaft
Example:Whatisthebrakingtorqueofa60HP,240Vmotor
rotatingat1725rpm?
T=5252xHP
rpm
T=5252x60
1725
T=315,120
1725
T=182.7lbft
CalculatingWork:
Workisapplyingaforceoveradistance.Forceisanycausethat
changestheposition,motion,direction,orshapeofanobject.Work
isdonewhenaforceovercomesaresistance.Resistanceisanyforce
thattendstohinderthemovementofanobject.Ifanappliedforce
doesnotcausemotionthenoworkisproduced.
Tocalculatetheamountofworkproduced,applythisformula:
W=FxD
W=work(inlbft)
F=force(inlb)
D=distance(inft)
Example:Howmuchworkisrequiredtocarrya25lbbagof
groceriesverticallyfromstreetleveltothe4thfloorofabuilding30'
abovestreetlevel?
W=FxD
W=25x30
7/21/13 Motor Formulas
www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 3/6
W=750lb
CalculatingTorque:
Torqueistheforcethatproducesrotation.Itcausesanobjectto
rotate.Torqueconsistofaforceactingondistance.Torque,like
work,ismeasuredispoundfeet(lbft).However,torque,unlike
work,mayexisteventhoughnomovementoccurs.
Tocalculatetorque,applythisformula:
T=FxD
T=torque(inlbft)
F=force(inlb)
D=distance(inft)
Example:Whatisthetorqueproducedbya60lbforcepushingona
3'leverarm?
T=FxD
T=60x3
T=180lbft
CalculatingFullloadTorque:
Fullloadtorqueisthetorquetoproducetheratedpoweratfullspeed
ofthemotor.Theamountoftorqueamotorproducesatratedpower
andfullspeedcanbefoundbyusingahorsepowertotorque
conversionchart.Whenusingtheconversionchart,placeastraight
edgealongthetwoknownquantitiesandreadtheunknownquantity
onthethirdline.
Tocalculatemotorfullloadtorque,applythisformula:
T=HPx5252
rpm
T=torque(inlbft)
HP=horsepower
5252=constant
rpm=revolutionsperminute
Example:WhatistheFLT(Fullloadtorque)ofa30HPmotor
7/21/13 Motor Formulas
www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 4/6
operatingat1725rpm?
T=HPx5252
rpm
T=30x5252
1725
T=157,560
1725
T=91.34lbft
CalculatingHorsepower:
Electricalpowerisratedinhorsepowerorwatts.Ahorsepowerisa
unitofpowerequalto746wattsor33,0000lbftperminute(550lb
ftpersecond).Awattisaunitofmeasureequaltothepower
producedbyacurrentof1ampacrossthepotentialdifferenceof1
volt.Itis1/746of1horsepower.Thewattisthebaseunitof
electricalpower.Motorpowerisratedinhorsepowerandwatts.
Horsepowerisusedtomeasuretheenergyproducedbyanelectric
motorwhiledoingwork.
Tocalculatethehorsepowerofamotorwhencurrentand
efficiency,andvoltageareknown,applythisformula:
HP=VxIxEff
746
HP=horsepower
V=voltage
I=curent(amps)
Eff.=efficiency
Example:Whatisthehorsepowerofa230vmotorpulling4
ampsandhaving82%efficiency?
HP=VxIxEff
746
HP=230x4x.82
746
HP=754.4
746
HP=1Hp
Eff=efficiency/HP=horsepower/V=volts/A=amps/PF=
7/21/13 Motor Formulas
www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 5/6
powerfactor
HorsepowerFormulas
To
Find
UseFormula
Example
Given Find Solution
HP
HP=IXEX
Eff.
746
240V,20A,85%
Eff.
HP
HP=240Vx20A
x85%
746
HP=5.5
I
I=HPx746
EXEffx
PF
10HP,240V,
90%Eff.,88%
PF
I
I=10HPx746
240Vx90%x
88%
I=39A
Tocalculatethehorsepowerofamotorwhenthespeedand
torqueareknown,applythisformula:
HP=rpmxT(torque)
5252(constant)
Example:Whatisthehorsepowerofa1725rpmmotorwitha
FLT3.1lbft?
HP=rpmxT
5252
HP=1725x3.1
5252
HP=5347.5
5252
HP=1hp
CalculatingSynchronousSpeed:
ACmotorsareconsideredconstantspeedmotors.Thisisbecausethe
synchronousspeedofaninductionmotorisbasedonthesupply
frequencyandthenumberofpolesinthemotorwinding.Motorare
designedfor60hzusehavesynchronousspeedsof3600,1800,
1200,900,720,600,514,and450rpm.
Tocalculatesynchronousspeedofaninductionmotor,apply
thisformula:
7/21/13 Motor Formulas
www.elec-toolbox.com/Formulas/Motor/mtrform.htm 6/6
rpmsyn=120xf
Np
rpmsyn=synchronousspeed(inrpm)
f=supplyfrequencyin(cycles/sec)
Np=numberofmotorpoles
Example:Whatisthesynchronousspeedofafourpolemotor
operatingat50hz.?
rpmsyn=120xf
Np
rpmsyn=120x50
4
rpmsyn=6000
4
rpmsyn=1500rpm
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