PAPE & OLBERTZ

SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH

ROTOR STARTERS
FOR SLIPRING MOTORS
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
2

Planning documentation for Pape & Olbertz rheostatic rotor
starters

For a preselection of a starter for a slipring motor Pape & Olbertz gives the project-
engineer the basis for a calculation and selection. The tables and forms are the basis
for the first step in a project, but Pape & Olbertz makes the final calculation of the
starter.

If you dont find a starter for your problem, dont hesitate to contact Pape & Olbertz.
The power range of our starter ends not in tables but only with the possibilities of
Pape & Olbertz. Pape & Olbertz builds starters air- or oil-cooled for motors up to
18000 kW.

The starter types OADAK and ODAS comply with the specifications DIN VDE 0660,
DIN 46062 and IEC 292-3.

Contents
I. Oil-cooled rotor starters for three-phase slipring motors
II. Starting characteristics of rheostatic rotor starters
III. Starter description
IV. Instructions for selecting oil-cooled rheostatic starters OADAK (drum type) /
ODAS (contactor type)
V. Condition of delivery and sale
VI. Table 1.1 Selection table for OADAK with start severity f
VII. Table 1.2 Selection table for OADAK with applications
VIII. Table 1.3 Selection rotor current and additional equipment for OADAK
IX. Table 1.4 Selection table for ODAS with start severity f
X. Table 1.5 Selection rotor current and additional equipment for ODAS
XI. Table 1.6 Selection for ODAS for centrifugal-pumps
VI. Table 1.7 Selection cooling fins for OADAK /ODAS 2.. to 4...U
VII. Table 1.8 Selection radiators for OADAK / ODAS 5.. to 8..

Appendix
A. Dimension drawings MZ ....
B. Standard wiring diagrams ( SF..) for starter type OADAK
C. Example wiring diagram for starter type ODAS
D. Project sheet for a rheostatic starter calculation


Phone: ++49-(0)2233-96337-0
FAX: ++49-(0)2233-96337-60
Mail: po@pape-olbertz.de

All informations subject to technical changes
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
3

I. Oil-cooled rotor starters for three -phase slipring motors

Rotor starters open up the outstanding features of slipring-motors. Most important is
that proportional relation between current-input and torque-output extends close to
break-down-torque. As a result, all demands ranging from low-starting-current to
extremely powerful acceleration, can be satisfied. The former helps to save gears and
power-supplies, the latter means that - together with long acceleration times - even the
heaviest loads with high inertia's can be accelerated. Within this rage, a safe solution
can be found to nearly every starting question. A further advantage is the fact that most
of the waste heat produced in the rotor circuit during starting procedure occurs in the
starting resistors, i.e. outside the motor.

The following technical features and benefits are significant of oil-cooled rheostatic
starters type OADAK (ODAS) and distinguish the latter from other kinds of
construction.
Close adaptation to the load characteristics of driven machines by reason of
individual rating and free proportioning of resistance taper for each range of speed.
Free of maintenance requirements for many years, easy to handle, little need for
spare parts.
Low prime cost due to a large variety of models and options yielding best fit to
various of models and options , e.g. optimum design for any power output, severity
of start, starting time and starting frequency.
High class protection, normally IP 54, available up to IP 65.

Furthermore a look into the inside of an OADAK-starter reveals clear and neatly
arranged components, without electrical cross-connections in spite of its compact
construction. All parts are easily accessible. The heavy steel drum is accurately
pivoted. The high life span and reliable functioning is guaranteed by self-cleaning
contact studs, the special shape of studs, hardened surfaces and considerable contact
pressure. Also the elimination of bouncing and other measures which have been
derives from intensive research and development in this field, will be noted.

An additional cost-saving and technically advantageous execution of series OADAK
are:

Twin starters for simultaneous starting of two motors.

Besides, the larger sizes of rotor starters from type OADAK 4..U to OADAK 8...have
an oil circulating pump in order to increase thermal safety against overload and to
quicken the cooling procedure.
Practical tests have shown that cleaning of the starter or change of the oil is not
necessary even after having had the starter in use for several years. This is because the
oil is not needed to insulate, but only to store heat energy. Normal transformer oil is
applied.
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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II. Starting characteristics of rheostatic
rotor starters











































Severity of start f
Average per unit starting current based on full
rated current, or appr. the average per unit
power input during start based on full rated
power input.


N
M
er
M
M
I
=
M
I
f

For the first estimation of starter size, the
typical value of f pertaining to the type of
driven machine will be helpful.


f = 0.7 : half torque starting
typical of driven machines which develop only a low load
torque or the load torque of which increases by the square
of speed. Also, a low moment of inertia is assumed; e.g.
grinding machines. (figure 1.1)


f = 1.0 : fan starting
typical of a low load torque, however, in connection with a
comparatively high moment of inertia; e.g. exhaust-fan
drives. (figure 1.2)


f = 1.25 : appr. full load starting
typical of raw mills, cement mills, coal mills.


f = 1.4 : full load starting
typical of hoists, winches, piston compressors starting under
load. (figure 1.3)


f = 2.0 : high torque starting
typical of crushers, centrifuges. (figure 1.4)

M
A
= initial torque
M
B
= accelerating torque
M
L
= load torque
M
Lm
= average load torque
M
N
= motor rated torque
figure 1.1
figure 1.2
figure 1.4
figure 1.3
M
M
N
n
n
0
0
1

0.7
ML
Mm = f
MLm
MA
M
B

0,2
MN
M
MN
n
n0
0
1


M
M
Mm= Mn= f
1,0
0,4
M
B

Mm
ML
MA
M
MN
n
n0
0
1

1,4
1,0
MLm= MN
ML
M
B

Mm= f
M
M
N
0
n
n
0
1

2,0
1,5
ML
MLm
Mm= f
B

MA
MN
1,0
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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Starting time t
a

During the starting time t
a
the current flows through the starter. It corresponds to the
duration of the starting process from standstill to rated speed (contacts shorted).
For machines with appr. constant load torque you can use the following formula:


M
B
= accelerating torque
= relation torque between starting and load torque
GD = 4 J [kpm]
P
N
= rated power [kW]

Number of consecutive starts z
Number of starts in succession with the starter initially at ambient temperature and
rising to the operating temperature limit, with almost negligible cooling periods
inbetween starts, defined as double the starting time. The starter OADAK, ODAS has
an thermostat this is generally used as a lock-out device. Hereby exceeding of the
permissible number of starts is safely avoided.

Starting energy W
During the starting period the starter absorbed the starting energy W. It may be derived
as

a N
t f P 5 , 0 = A (for one start) [kJ]

a N
t z f P 5 , 0 = W (for z starts) [kJ]

The indication of the maximum permissible value of W for each starter size in the
following selection tables enables choosing the required starter size.

Permissible number of starts per hour h
The number of permissible periodical starts or operation cycles per hour. When the
starter reaches the maximum operating temperature an interruption for cooling is
necessary before carrying out one further start. This cooling period t
p
is calculated by

h
t
P
60
= (in minutes).

Characteristic rotor resistance k

er
I
=
3
U
k
er
[ ]

[s]
P 10 365 , 0
GD
t
N
6
2 2
a
B
M
n

=
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SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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III. Starter description


A starter OADAK, ODAS consists of:
oil tank with oil level indicator and outlet valve
a compartment with a resistor-part and contact-drum (OADAK) fastening under a
lid
the control (and power contactors for ODAS) and the rotor cable terminal block is
on top of the lid under a sheet-steel hood or in a switch-cabinet
the resistor-part consists of only AEG-Resistor grids
protection class IP 54
the 2-K paint corresponds to RAL 7032; other colours on request
Control voltage: 3 x 400 V, 50 Hz and 230 V, 50 Hz or
3 x 440 V, 60 Hz and 230 V, 60 Hz ;
other voltages on request.
a remote control and also an emergency handwheel (OADAK)
thermostat F3 and F31 (and F4 for OADAK 4..U to OADAK 8) for temperature
monitoring
step-time-monitor (OADAK)
oil-circulating pump for OADAK 4...U to OADAK 8...
contacts tungsten-tipped (for h > 2 or P > 3000 kW)(OADAK)


Additional equipment:
auxiliary switches
thermostat
anti-condensation-heater
oil-level-switch
locked-rotor-control (rotor frequency control)
cable glands for rotor cable and control cable
FLS-packet: contactor, auxiliary switches, cable glands, anti-condensation-heater
and control transformer
for raising the periodic starts h , cooling fins or radiators



PAPE & OLBERTZ deliver the starter without oil-filling and stator switch gear!








PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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IV. Instructions for selecting oil-cooled rheostatic starter OADAK
(drum type) / ODAS (contactor-type)

The size of the starter must be selected to the motor characteristics (P, I
er
, U
er
) and the
starting characteristics (f, t
a
, z, W and h). The characteristics specified in the tables are
maximum values and these values must not exceed without to contact Pape & Olbertz.

1. Selecting a drum-type oil-cooled rheostatic starter type OADAK:

The former has three possibilities for a calculation/selection:
a. calculation of the starting energy W selection the size in table 1.1 with the
heat capacity;
b. selection with the data P and f the starter size in table 1.1 in view of the
starting time t
a
;
c. selection with the data P and the drive application in table 1.2.

Example:

Application: Ball-mill (f = 1.3)
P = 2000 kW
I
er
= 960 A
t
a
= 18 s
z = 3
h = 1

a. W = 0.5 P f z t
a
= 70200 kWs ,
with this heat capacity in table 1.1 the starter size is OADAK 54..

b. With the information of the power P and the starting severity f = 1,4 the
correct starter size according to the table 1.1 and a longer starting time
t
a
= 32 sec is OADAK 64..

c. With the application Ball-mill drive and the rated motor power P you will
also find the starter size OADAK 64.. in table 1.2 .

Now you can select the standard starter size with the rotor current of 1120 A in
table 1.3. You need the 1200 A size, so that the starter size is now OADAK 5412
or OADAK 6412.
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SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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You'll find all technical data in the column for the size in table 1.1. You'll also
find the number for the dimension drawing and the control wiring number of the
standard execution.

By example the data for OADAK 6412:
z = 3; h = 0,35; weight = 1000 kg and you need 1360 ltr. Oil.

But for these example you need h = 1. You'll find the data and the extension for
the starter size in table 1.1 and table1.2 in the columns under size for h = 1.

The starter size is now OADAK 64 12 R14. The starter needs a tank with
radiators (14 elements).

For an execution for h = 2:

with table 1.8 and the size OADAK 6... you select the radiators size R 28 with
the coefficient 5.8. The price is shown in the same row.

The starter size is now OADAK 6412 R28.]

The selection/calculation for the sizes OADAK 1.. to 4...U is the same, but you
need cooling fins (table 1.7).


Tip:
Select the motor with the lowest rotor current!

71 . 5
35 , 0
2
h
h
a
set
real
= = =
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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2. Selecting a contactor-type oil-cooled rheostatic starter type ODAS:

The former has two possibilities for a calculation/selection:
a. calculation of the starting energy W selection the size in table 1.4 with the
heat capacity;
b. selection with the data P and f the starter size in table 1.4.

Example:

P = 300 kW
I
er
= 365 A
f = 1
t
a
= 15 s
z = 3
h = 1

a. W = 0.5 P f z t
a
= 6750 kWs ,
with the heat capacity in table 1.4 the starter size is ODAS 24-...
b. With the rated power of the motor P and the start severity f you'll also find
the starter size ODAS 24-... in table 1.4 .

Now you can select the standard starter size with the rotor current of 365A in
table 1.5. You need the 370 A size, so that the starter size is now ODAS 24-
370/6.
You'll find all technical data in the column for the size in table 1.4. You'll find
also the number for the dimension drawing of the standard execution.

Data for ODAS 24-370/6:
z = 3; h = 1,2; weight = 125 kg and you need 100 ltr. Oil.

For an execution for h = 2:

with table 1.7 and the size ODAS 2... you select the fins size R 1 with the
coefficient 2.

Tip:
Select the motor with the lowest rotor current!
67 . 1
2 . 1
2
h
h
a
set
real
= = =
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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V. Conditions of sale and delivery

The standard term of delivery is ex works, excluding packing, excluding customs fees
and import taxes. Other terms on request.
Pape & Olbertz deliver the starter without oil-filling and stator switch-gear.

Pape & Olbertz reserve the right to adjust the prices and the technical data. The prices
base on buying one unit, for more units ask Pape & Olbertz for other conditions.
PAPE & OLBERTZ
SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
11
Appendix A.: Dimension drawings MZ..

MZ 1495
MZ 1507
MZ 1553
MZ 1556
MZ 1571
MZ 1614
MZ 1615
MZ 1630
MZ 1631
MZ 1632
MZ 1633
MZ 1634
MZ 1691
MZ 1693
MZ 1695
MZ 1704
MZ 1721
MZ 1733
MZ 1760
MZ 1761
MZ 1830










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Appendix B.: Standard wiring diagram (SF..) for starter type
OADAK

SF 120
SF 158
SF 167




















PAPE & OLBERTZ
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13
Appendix C.: Example wiring diagram for starter type ODAS

S 1 DAS 117
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SCHALTGERTE UND WIDERSTNDE GMBH
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Appendix D.: Project-sheet for a rheostatic-starter calculation

For a calculation of a rheostatic starter Pape & Olbertz need the following data:

Rated motor power P [kW] (X):

Rotor voltage at standstill U
er
[V] :

Rotor current at full load I
er
[A] (X):

Rated motor speed n
n
[rpm]:

Motor pull-out torque:

Total moment of inertia related to motor
speed GD [kpm]:

Type of driven machine (X):

Load torque plotted against speed:

Number of consecutive starts z:

Permissible number of starts per hour h:




The starter do you need for your drive can Pape & Olbertz now exactly calculate with
these data.

For the first step at a project Pape & Olbertz need only the data marked with (X).

If you have any questions referring to calculation, technology or other products of our
delivery scope, please contact our technical department

Herr Legrand Tel. + 49(0)2233/96337-33
Herr Althaus Tel. + 49(0)2233/96337-34
Herr Bauer Tel. + 49(0)2233/96337-31



Phone: ++49-(0)2233-96337-0
FAX: ++49-(0)2233-96337-60
Mail: po@pape-olbertz.de