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Capacitors are designed as sandwiches of insulators placed between 2 layers of metal. Ceramic dielectric capacitors have smaller values and can reach a thousand picofarads. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors can explode if they are connected wrongly, they can leak current, do not have a long lifespan and do not resist to high temperatures.
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Coil Gun Design Considerations - Based on Capacitor Configuration, And ESR.20140621.063027
Capacitors are designed as sandwiches of insulators placed between 2 layers of metal. Ceramic dielectric capacitors have smaller values and can reach a thousand picofarads. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors can explode if they are connected wrongly, they can leak current, do not have a long lifespan and do not resist to high temperatures.
Capacitors are designed as sandwiches of insulators placed between 2 layers of metal. Ceramic dielectric capacitors have smaller values and can reach a thousand picofarads. Aluminum electrolytic capacitors can explode if they are connected wrongly, they can leak current, do not have a long lifespan and do not resist to high temperatures.
Usually, capacitors are designed as sandwiches of insulators placed between 2 layers of
metal. An insulator is made out of a material called "dielectric" and it determines the general behavior of the capacitor. The devices that have a ceramic dielectric have smaller values (they start at a couple of picofarads- the farad is the unit of capacitance) and can reach even a thousand picofarads. An interesting thing about them is that they have great capacitance stability when it comes to a large temperature range.
Tantalum
The items that need to fit a large capacitance value in a tiny space can easily use tantalum capacitors. They are polarized (one lead takes positive charges while the other one negative ones). Extra attention should be given in order not to wire the capacitor backwards or the polarity might destroy it. You can recognize a bad capacitor by the silvery fluid released.
Aluminum Electrolytic
This is used for the stronger applications and the power-supply filters. It is not very expensive and has a tolerance of 20%. This means that they normal value of the part can vary higher or lower than the value displayed on the label.
One of the most significant issues in this case is represented by the liquid inside, which can dry and prevent the capacitor from working. The liquid can also leak and destroy the rest of the components. Furthermore, the electrolytic capacitors can explode if they are connected in a wrong manner, they can leak current, do not have a long lifespan and do not resist to high temperatures.
Polyester Film
For example, when a 1000uF Capacitor has 1000V applied to it, the Energy stored is 500 Joules. For most of us, this quantity has little meaning. So, lets consider what this means in terms of Potential Power expressed in Watts. Lets say that the Capacitors energy is fully discharged into the Acceleration coil within 1mS. Power is Energy dissipated over a period of time, and can be expressed as P= W/t. Therefore, based on our example: P= 500 divided by 0.001 (1mS), giving us 500KW.
500KW is an enormous amount of Potential Energy... NICE!
Now given all of this, how do you capitalize on Energy storage in the most effective way. Simple - increase the Power Supply voltage, and the Working Voltage of the storage capacitors in favor of simply adding more capacitance.
Sounds good in theory, however in a practical Coil Gun application you should also consider Breakdown Voltages, SCR specifications, and most importantly your SAFETY.
Another consideration is the ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) of the Capacitors. Low ESR capacitors will give you a quicker charge rate, and a more effective dump of energy into the Acceleration coil.
Capacitors with a high ESR will also have a higher ambient temperature, than those without.
An electrolytic capacitor is a special type of capacitor that uses electrolytes as part of its plate whereby it conducts alternating current while at the same time blocking direct current, storing energy and filtering signals in accordance to their frequencies. Majority of electrolytic capacitors can be operated with low voltage to safeguard the capacitor. They have a large capacity that enables them to store large energy amounts and are therefore mostly used in powers supplies.