An adverb is a word that changes or qualifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, other adverb,

clause, sentence or any other word or phrase, except that it does not include the adjectives and
determiners that directly modify nouns. Adverbs are traditionally regarded as one of the parts
of speech, although the wide variety of the functions performed by words classed as adverbs
means that it is hard to treat them as a single uniform category.

Adverbs typically answer questions such as how?, in what way?, when?, where?, and to what
extent?. This function is called the adverbial function, and is realized not just by single words
(i.e., adverbs) but by adverbial phrases and adverbial clauses.

Adverbs are words that modify
a verb (He drove slowly. How did he drive?)
an adjective (He drove a very fast car. How fast was his car?)
another adverb (She moved quite slowly down the aisle. How slowly did she
move?)
As we will see, adverbs often tell when, where, why, or under what conditions something
happens or happened. Adverbs frequently end in -ly; however, many words and phrases not
ending in -ly serve an adverbial function and an -ly ending is not a guarantee that a word is an
adverb. The words lovely, lonely, motherly, friendly, neighborly, for instance, are adjectives:
That lovely woman lives in a friendly neighborhood.
If a group of words containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb (modifying the verb of a
sentence), it is called an Adverb Clause:
When this class is over, we're going to the movies.
When a group of words not containing a subject and verb acts as an adverb, it is called
an adverbial phrase. Prepositional phrases frequently have adverbial functions (telling place
and time, modifying the verb):
He went to the movies.
She works on holidays.
They lived in Canada during the war.
And Infinitive phrases can act as adverbs (usually telling why):
She hurried to the mainland to see her brother.
The senator ran to catch the bus.
But there are other kinds of adverbial phrases:
He calls his mother as often as possible.
dverbs can modify adjectives, but an adjective cannot modify an adverb. Thus we would
say that "the students showed a really wonderful attitude" and that "the students showed
awonderfully casual attitude" and that "my professor is really tall, but not "He ran real fast."
Like adjectives, adverbs can have comparative and superlative forms to show degree.
Walk faster if you want to keep up with me.
The student who reads fastest will finish first.
We often use more and most, less and least to show degree with adverbs:
With sneakers on, she could move more quickly among the patients.
The flowers were the most beautifully arranged creations I've ever seen.
She worked less confidently after her accident.
That was the least skillfully done performance I've seen in years.
The as as construction can be used to create adverbs that express sameness or equality:
"He can't run as fast as his sister."
A handful of adverbs have two forms, one that ends in -ly and one that doesn't. In certain
cases, the two forms have different meanings:
He arrived late.
Lately, he couldn't seem to be on time for anything.
In most cases, however, the form without the -ly ending should be reserved for casual
situations:
She certainly drives slow in that old Buick of hers.
He did wrong by her.
He spoke sharp, quick, and to the point.
Adverbs often function as intensifiers, conveying a greater or lesser emphasis to
something. Intensifiers are said to have three different functions: they can emphasize, amplify,
or downtone. Here are some examples:
Emphasizers:
o I really don't believe him.
o He literally wrecked his mother's car.
o She simply ignored me.
o They're going to be late, for sure.
Amplifiers:
o The teacher completely rejected her proposal.
o I absolutely refuse to attend any more faculty meetings.
o They heartily endorsed the new restaurant.
o I so wanted to go with them.
o We know this city well.
Downtoners:
o I kind of like this college.
o Joe sort of felt betrayed by his sister.
o His mother mildly disapproved his actions.
o We can improve on this to some extent.
o The boss almost quit after that.
o The school was all but ruined by the storm.
Adverbs (as well as adjectives) in their various degrees can be accompanied by
premodifiers:
She runs very fast.
We're going to run out of material all the faster
Ang pang-abay o adberbyo ay mga salitang nagbibigay turing sa pandiwa, pang-uri o kapwa
pang-abay. Mayroong siyam na mga uri ng pang-abay: ang pang-abay na pamanahon, pang-
abay na panlunan, pang-abay na pamaraan, pang-abay na pang-agam, pang-abay na panang-
ayon, pang-abay na pananggi, pang-abay na panggaano (tinatawag ding pang-abay na
pampanukat), pang-abay na pamitagan, at ang pang-abay na panulad.

Kabilang sa mga uri ng pang-abay ang mga sumusunod:

Pang-abay na pamanahon
Ang pang-abay na pamanahon ay nagsasaad kung kailan naganap o magaganap ang kilos na
taglay ng pandiwa. Mayroon itong tatlong uri: may pananda, walang pananda, at nagsasaad ng
dalas. Halimbawa ng may pananda ang nang, sa, noon, kung, kapag, tuwing, buhat, mula,
umpisa, at hanggang. Halimbawa ng pangungusap na may pang-abay na pamanahon na
mayroong pananda ang "Kailangan mo bang pumasok nang araw-araw?". Ang walang pananda
ay mayroong mga salitang katulad ng kahapon, kangina, kanina, ngayon, mamaya, bukas,
sandali, at iba pa. Halimbawa ng pangungusap na may pang-abay na pamanahon na walang
pananda ang "Manonood kami bukas ng pambansang pagtatanghal ng dulang Pilipino." Ang
pang-abay na pamanahon na nagsasaad ng dalas ay mayroong mga salitang katulad ng araw-
araw, tuwing umaga, taun-taon, at iba pa. Isang halimbawa ng paggamit na ganito ang "Tuwing
buwan ng Mayo ay nagdaraos kami sa aming pook ng santakrusan."

Pang-abay na panlunan
Ang pang-abay na panlunan ay isang uri ng pang-abay na nagsasaad ng lugar kung saan
naganap ang pangyayari. Samakatuwid, ito ay nagsasabi kung saan ginawa, ginagawa, at
gagawin ang kilos sa pangungusap; sa ibang pananalita ay tumutukoy ito sa pook na
pinangyarihan, o pangyayarihan ng kilos sa pandiwa. Halimbawa nito ang "Nagpunta sa
lalawigan ang mag-anak upang dalawin ang kanilang mga kamag-anak." Karaniwan ding
ginagamit sa pangungusap na mayroong pang-abay na panlunan ang mga pariralang sa, kina o
kay. Ginagamit ang sa kapag ang kasunod ay isang pangngalang pambalana o isang panghalip.
Samantala, ginagamit naman ang kay at kina kapag ang kasunod ay pangngalang pantangi na
pangalan ng isang tao. Halimbawa na ang mga pangungusap na "Maraming masasarap na ulam
ang itinitinda sa kantina." at ang "Nagpaluto ako kina Aling Inggay ng masarap na mamon para
sa kaarawan mo."

Pang-abay na pamaraan
Ang pang-abay na pamaraan ay ang pang-abay na naglalarawan kung paano naganap,
nagaganap, o magaganap ang kilos na ipinahahayag ng pandiwa. Ginagamit sa ganitong uri ng
pang-abay ang mga panandang nang, na, at -ng. Halimbawa sa paggamit nito ang pangungusap
"Kinamayan niya ako nang mahigpit."

Pang-abay na pang-agam
Ang pang-abay na pang-agam ay ang pang-abay na nagbabadya ng hindi o kawalan ng katiyakan
sa pagganap sa kilos ng pandiwa. Ginagamit sa pangungusap ang mga pariralang marahil,
siguro, tila, baka, wari, parang, at iba pa. Halimbawa ng paggamit nito ang pangungusap na
"Marami na marahil ang nakabalita tungkol sa pasya ng Sandiganbayan."

Pang-abay na panang-ayon
Ang pang-abay na panang-ayon ay nagsasaad ng pagsang-ayon. Ginagamit dito ang mga
salitang oo, opo, tunay, sadya, talaga,syempre at iba pang halimbawa. Halimbawa ay "Talagang
mabilis ang pag-unlad ng bayan."

Pang-abay na pananggi
Ang pang-abay na pananggi ay ang pang-abay na nagsasaad ng pagtanggi. Nilalagyan ito ng mga
pariralang katulad ng hindi, di at ayaw. Halimbawang pangungusap para rito ang "Hindi pa
lubusang nagamot ang kanser.". "Hindi ako papayag sa iyong desisyon".

Pang-abay na panggaano o pampanukat
Ang pang-abay na panggaano o pang-abay na pampanukat ay nagsasaad ng timbang, bigat, o
sukat. Sumasagot ang pang-abay na panggaano sa tanong na gaano o magkano ang halaga.
Halimbawang pangungusap para rito ang "Tumaba ako nang limang libra."

Pang-abay na pamitagan
Ang pang-abay na pamitagan ay ang pang-abay na nagsasad ng paggalang. Halimbawang
pangungusap para sa pang-abay na ito ang "Kailan po ba kayo uuwi sa lalawigan ninyo?"

Pang-abay na panulad
Ang pang-abay na panulad ay ginagamit sa pagtutulad ng dalawang mga bagay. Halimbawa ng
paggamit nito ang pangungusap na "Higit na magaling sumayaw si Armando kaysa kay Cristito."