UNIVERSIDAD MARIANO GALVEZ DE GUATEMALA

CURSO: CONTABILIDAD GENERAL

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA



















DICCIONARIO CONTABLE
EN INGLES























DARWIN ALEXANDER RACANCOJ ESTRADA
CARNET: 090 13 5393
FECHA: 20/06/2014














INDICE


INTRODUCTION 1

JUSTIFICATION 2

OBJECTIVES 3

ACCOUNTING DICTIONARY 4 14

CONCLUSION 15

RECOMMENDATION 16

EGRAFIA 17




































INTRODUCTION

With the development of this paper seeks to highlight a number of words used
in accounting in order to increase knowledge and make easier the
understanding of current issues in accounting for the reader and make them
into practice when necessary use.










































JUSTIFICATION

We chose this topic because it is important for us to know how and when born
accounting as well as their input and their evolution through different stages or
periods.
The conduct research on its origins causes us great interest because they know
and deepen its inception to help us understand your evolves and how wide to
was this. Knowing this we can clarify in a more comprehensive manner and
causes that have changed some method for bookkeeping and especially the
benefits of these changes have brought.









































OBJECTIVES

This paper intends to perform a brief theoretical approach to what is an
accounting dictionary as a teaching tool and tries to overcome its traditional
conception as a reference book, showing their importance as an object of study,
which allows an approach to the various aspects of the terms we need to know
and apply; before entering this is important from a dictionary definition, because
it influences the vision that users from this catalog.



























ACCOUNTING DICTIONARY

Here you will find a selection of common words and its definition. The vast
majority of them are specific tax laws, while others are applied to branches of
different right to taxation, but equally contribute to the understanding of the
different types of messages that IBS makes you get, and the consequent
compliance with their tax obligations. Certainly in this basic Tax dictionary you
will find a useful instrument in its relationship with the Internal Revenue Service.
Remember that the contents of this dictionary aims to give you a quick and
speedy assistance, but does not replace or modify the legal definitions of the
terms contained here. Consequently, for a stricter legal use of these terms, we
must resort to circular resolutions, trades and related laws.


Action: The part or aliquot in which the authorized representative of a
corporation or joint stock company capital is divided.

Shareholder: natural or legal person who owns shares representing a portion of
the capital of a company. Responsibility and rights are limited to the number of
shares held.

Creditor: Subject asset or tax liability holder entitled to enforce them, even
forcibly, as also demand the application of sanctions for breach of related legal
duties.

Active: Applies to all property and rights owned by a company, which may be
valued in money, such as real estate, automobiles, trademark rights, patents,
accounts receivable, among others.

Fixed assets: It is constituted by those goods for use; ie corresponds to goods
that have been acquired to enable the operation of the company and not for
resale or to be incorporated in articles manufactured or the services provided.

Affection: That applies to tax or gravel.

Withholding agents: Fiscal institutions, semi, prosecutors semifiscal
autonomous body and administration; municipalities; corporations in general,
whether or not taxpayers Income Act and whether or not required to keep
accounting; natural or legal persons receiving income in the first category and
are required by law to carry full or simplified accounts, including those who are
exempt from that tax, provided they obtain income to be classified in that
category and by express provision of law are required to withhold taxes
affecting taxpayers who held businesses.
.
Taxable income: corresponds to the quantification of taxable event on which
should apply directly the rate of the tax, in order to determine the amount of tax
liability.

Ballots for buying and selling: Is proof that tax credits the sale of a product or
service to a consumer.
Capital: In economic terms, it relates to an item of income producer is not
intended to be depleted or consumed, but, on the contrary, should be kept intact
as part of generating new wealth. The Law on Income becomes important, as it
discriminates between income from capital and those with origins in the work.

Cash Capital: Applies to all assets, which are not included do not represent
actual values, such as intangibles, nominal values by transient and investments.

Initial equity capital: corresponds to the difference between assets and due from
the date the business year starts, having previously lowered intangible, nominal,
transient and order values over others determined by IBS and liabilities not
represent actual investments.

Assessment certificate: Certificate or document issued by the Internal Revenue
Service, through which reports the tax valuation of the property, number of role
valuation, address or facility name, owner name registered with the SII and the
condition of exempt or subject to the payment of contributions of goods
prevailing at the date of issuance roots.

Digital certificate for use tax: Digital document signed and issued by a
certification service provider, accredited to the IRS or to the Secretariat of
Economy, Development and Reconstruction, which is the electronic
identification of an electronic transmitter and allows authenticated transactions
tax.

Certificate solemn official document certifying the SII receipt of a statement,
notice or request on the website of the Internal Revenue Service.


Depreciation: Corresponds to one part of the value of the goods caused by its
use, it is possible to load the result of the originating company and the value of
the reset and the life of it. The share of annual depreciation is regulated in
Article 31 of the Law on Income.

Deduct: Reduce partially or fully the amount of taxes you have to cancel a
person or a company.

Debtor: Taxpayer law or taxpayer to whom the law placed in the position of
having to declare and pay the tax, and also comply with other legal obligations.

Accrue: In accounting, this term is related to the act of recording income or
discharge at the time they are born as rights or obligations. Usually, the
accounting systems are maintained on an accrual basis. This means that all
income and expenses of the holding must be recorded in the same instant the
perception right or obligation to pay arises, and not the time such income or
expense are realized.

Weekdays: The definition of working days in the Civil Code and is defined as
"no holidays". Meanwhile, be construed as the working hours ranging from
08:00 to 20:00 hrs.

Documents and / or foliated books are documents and / or books that have a
number or foil stamping and numbering which is correlative.

Donation: From a tax point of view, is the financial outlay made freely and
taxpayers, in order to help institutions established by law and for tax constitute
an accepted expense or credit against Complementary First Category Tax or .

Gain income or profit earned fruit of an investment or transaction, which is
determined, in general, as the value of the product sold, minus the cost of
inputs and depreciation, less the payment of the contract, such as salaries
factors interests and leases.

Warranty: Money, physical or financial assets or other means designed to
ensure compliance with an obligation.

Expense: Closing in which a company has incurred to earn income.

Actual Expenses: Expenses which are actually incurred. Backed by a proper
document of the operation.

Rates suspected: They are estimates and not actual percentage are calculated
relative to revenue expenditure.

Tour of duty: It is written that the Internal Revenue Service or other agency
informs the taxpayer, by notice, to proceed with your payment or financial
institutions authorized in the General Treasury of the Republic order.

Line of Business: This term, from the point of view of the enterprises is the
economic activity developed.

Taxing: Enforce the payment of a tax or charge to a person, company, business
or transaction.

Haber: In accounting terms, it is the name given to the right side of a ledger
account. The sum of the amounts recorded in the credit and have called the
action to include an amount to be paid or credited is called.

Mortgage: Real law which gives a creditor and that falls on a property that does
not cease to be held by the debtor to secure the fulfillment of an obligation,
entitling the creditor to sell and be paid in preference to any other creditor, in
case of default by the debtor.

Fees: monetary remuneration received by persons providing services, based
primarily on personal skills.

Import: Entry into the country legal foreign goods for use and consumption,
should pay, previously, if applicable, customs duties, Value Added Tax (VAT)
and other additional fees.

Importer: A person who imports goods for their own account or third parties and
complying with import regulations of the Central Bank of Chile and other laws,
regulations and administrative provisions in force.

Deposits: Monetary Contributions made by workers and their employers to the
Pension Fund Administrators (AFP), Institute of Normalization (INP) and others.
These are designed to ensure a pension or social security benefits to the
worker at the end of its active period.

Taxes: Compulsory Payments of money required by the State to individuals and
companies that are not subject to direct consideration, in order to finance the
expenditure of the state administration and the provision of goods and services
to the public.

Additional Income Tax: It is an annual tax levied on natural and legal persons
not domiciled or resident in Chile, applied to the total income received or
accrued in accordance with the concepts and rates defined in the Act Income
Tax.

Income: Money or monetary equivalent that is earned or received as starting
against the sale of goods and services.

Sales: transfer of literalness of goods or property or the commitment to perform
a service in exchange for a current or future cash payment.

Buy: Act by a trader acquires mastery of a good (or service receives) against
payment of a price.

Accounting: An adapted to classify economic events that occur in a business
system. So that, it constitutes the central axis to perform various procedures
that lead to obtaining maximum economic yield involving constitute a particular
company.

Financial Accounting: It deals mainly with the financial statements for use by
those who provide funds to the entity and other persons who may have a vested
interest in the financial operations of the firm, company or organization.

Managerial Accounting: is primarily responsible for the accumulation and
analysis of relevant information for internal use by managers in planning, control
and decision making.

Double-entry bookkeeping: the basis of the standard system used by
businesses and other organizations to keep track of financial transactions. Its
premise is that financial conditions and results of operations of a business (or
other organization) are fully represented by variables called accounts, each of
which reflects a particular aspect of the business as a monetary value.

Single Entry Accounting: A set of annotations that are not based on a general
rule. It considers the spot and forward transactions. The former are recorded as
cash inflows or outflows and the second charged or credited to the account of
the correspondent amount of resulting debtor or creditor.

Debit: This refers to the money that is already the property of the client, who he
has change into a bank account, unlike credit where money used is given.

Account: This is the basic and central to the accounting and payment services.
The accounts represent the classification of all business transactions that a
company or business.

Nominal Accounts: These are also called profit or loss, are in charge of
recording the development of objects of the company. Nominal accounts are
comprised of revenues, expenses, cost of sales and production costs.

Real Accounts: Those include the assets, liabilities and capital of a liquid
trading, and as an integral part of the balance sheet accounts are called
General balance.

Creditors: Accounting for acquisitions practice simultaneously know how the
Journal of Purchasing, in the accounts of suppliers in your statements; and
payments are made to creditors settle in the Journal of boxes simultaneously
Expenses in this account, is in the mothers underwent a similar account debtors
regime.

Intangible assets: asset is an identifiable, non-monetary asset without physical
substance held for use in the production or supply of goods or services, for
rental to others or for functions related to the management of the entity.

Tangible Assets: Part of the asset of a company that has a physical presence or
material.

Non-cumulative preference shares: These do not entitle the holder to receive
dividends eventually approved, but requires the issuer to pay only current
before paying dividends to ordinary shareholders.

Cumulative Preferred Stock: is one in which the dividends are not paid in any
year accumulate future. Before any dividend can be paid to common
stockholders, all drag balance must be paid to preferred first.

Deposits in Transit: Those deposits are generally sent at the end of the month
and they are not accredited in the bank so they will be Loaded in the books of
the company but not in the month statement.

Storage: It is a financial transaction whereby a financial institution in exchange
for keeping certain monetary resources tied a period of time, financial reports a
variable or fixed return in the form of cash or in kind.

Notes receivable: Accounts receivable are documented through letters, notes or
other documents, from the only commercial operations.

Note payable: are those in which consists unconditionally promise to pay a
certain date, a certain amount of money.

Current liabilities: This consists of the debts and obligations payable by the
company in the short term ie within a period of not more approximately one year
from the date of the General balance is usually paid with current assets.

Long-term liabilities: Includes liabilities payable within a period longer than one
year, approximately long from the balance sheet date.

Promissory Note: Represents a promise to pay a sum of money at a future date
stipulated.

Consignment: The transfer of possession of goods of its owner, called principal
or consignor to another person, the broker or consignee, who becomes an
agent of that in order to sell the goods.

Tax: It's a type of tax (generally financial obligations for the tax credit) governed
by public law.

Payroll: A manual accounting system consisting of a list of names of each of the
individuals in an office must receive assets.

Balance: It is the state which reflects the situation of the assets of an entity at a
particular time. The balance is structured through three economic concepts,
Active, Liabilities and Equity, developed in each account groups representing
different assets.

Budget: The estimated expenditure and income for a given period, usually one
year. It allows companies, governments, private organizations and families
prioritize and assess the achievement of its objectives.

Accounting Cycle: The time period in which all transactions in a company
ocurrren either monthly, quarterly, semi-annually are recorded; the most used is
the annual.

Controller: A system by which a control treatment takes, among other things.
Used to compute the working days and said calculation the payment of wages
is deducted.

Dividends: The payment made by a company to its owners, either in cash or in
shares. Company managers meet regularly to decide between paying dividends
or not and to determine the amount and form of such payment.

Heritage: The set of assets and liabilities of a person considered as a universal
law, a legal unit. Heritage is a universal receiver, which does not vary by
modifications to its content.

Gross Profit: Gross profit to total amounts paid in each monthly period is
considered, without deduction of any amount for any reason the decrease.

Net income: The minimum gross less all deductions except mentioned above,
no taxable income, deduction and special family responsibilities.

Audit: A management function whose purpose is to analyze and appreciate,
overlooking wings any corrective actions, internal control of organizations to
ensure the integrity of its assets, the accuracy of your information and
maintaining the effectiveness of their systems management.

Private Enterprise: The set of business activities of individuals.

Public Company: It is created and sustained by the government.

Chart of Accounts: Contains all accounts it is estimated will be needed when
installing an accounting system. Must be flexible enough to incorporate the
accounts in the future be added to the system.

Stock company: Company organized as separate and authorized by a State
where the property is divided into transferable shares of stock legal entity.

Setting: These are record being made in order to bring real value to your
balance accounts suffering amortization and depreciation as well as changes
during an accounting period.

State heritage: Is reflecting sustained changes (increase-decrease) in equity of
a business or company.

Cash Flow Statement: This originated changes are presented in the cash by
operating activities, investing and financing a company or business.

Cost Information: The cost incurred to market a good or provide a service. It is
the value that has been incurred to produce or purchase a good sold.

Special Report: They like the general daily when used by the company should
be formalized by a competent authority. These journals are used in order to
facilitate the accounting records on companies that use manual accounting
system.

Debit Note: This is a proof that a company sends to his client, in which he is
reported to have charged or debited your account a certain sum or value, the
concept shown in the same note. This document increases the value of the debt
or account balance, either by an error in billing, interest for late payment, or any
other circumstance that means the increase in the balance of an account.

Credit Note: This is the proof that a company sends to your client to your client
in order to give the credit to your account a certain value, the concept shown in
the same note. Some cases in which the credit note can be used by breakdown
products sold, sales or lower prices, returns or discounts, excess or errors in
billing. The credit note or debt decreases the balance of that account.

Contingent Liability: It is, in accounting, is a possible obligation that arises from
past events and whose existence may be the result, with some degree of
uncertainty of a future event or is not reflected in the books not force the
company to divest resource or not be capable of being quantified at this time.

Sole proprietorship: Is that where the owner provides the capital thereof thereby
acquiring all rights of the business and all its obligations.

Corporations: Same as the CxA member number can not be less than seven.
This type of company disappears with the death of one of its partners but
retains the characteristics of business going immediately regaining his status
with the integration of the beneficiary of the shares. Partners in this are not fully
known by the public.

Society of person: These are formed with a minimum of three and maximum of
six people. These participants bring both capital and labor and can be formed
with the same legal requirements that the CxA and SA

General Journal: It's where all is recorded daily transactions of a business.

General Ledger: This is where the controls are recorded accounts.

Assistant Mayor: This is where the subsidiary accounts are recorded.

Statement: Is representing the results of a business or company during an
accounting period. This is considered a dynamic state in fact cover more than
one date.

Shipping: The price of transportation of goods, which can be fixed somewhat by
month, by an amount proportional to weight, volume or number of transported
goods or a lump sum.

Accounting Principles: These are a set of general rules and accounting
standards that guide to formulate criteria relating to the measurement of assets
and economic information and economic elements of an entity.

Subsidiary accounts: those that are not individually listed in the ledger, but in
books or auxiliary records that must be 'controlled' by one or more omnibus
accounts.

Company: Company or board of several persons united by a common goal
especially for commercial and industrial purposes.

Document short-term receivables: Consists of obligations expected to fall due in
less than one year and that are necessary to sustain much of the current assets
of the company, such as Cash, Accounts Receivable and Inventory.

Document long-term receivables: Includes accounts that will become effective
in a near future, or for a term exceeding one year. It includes among others the
credits and obligations of other entities.

Asset: Anything with commercial value, exchange owned by an individual or
entity.

Current assets and current assets: a company that can reasonably be expected
to be converted into cash sold or consumed during the normal operating cycle.

Fixed assets: The long cycle intended for production quantity rather than for
resale. Includes plant equipment and intangible assets.

Deferred assets: Deferred charge; prepaid expense.
Ad-valorem "According to value." Applicable rates or tariffs based on a
percentage of the invoice value rather than its weight or quantity.

Amortization: System of a future obligation to settle gradually, by a capital
account or by giving cash to cover the debt. Gradual reduction of a debt through
periodic payments equal amount sufficient to pay current interest and liquidate
the debt at maturity.

Payment: Receipts in advance or disbursement occurred before an expense is
recognized as performed.

Seat Closed: Journal entry made at the end of an accounting period to close all
accounts of income, expenses and other accounts of the period.

Action: Unit capital or holder name and indicating ownership of a company.

Bearer shares: Social Capital in shares of a corporation (or partnership)
generally an economic society represented by certificates or bearer securities.

Common Shares: The shares of a corporation or partnership (anonymous)
which after considering the rights of the preferred class, if no limitations, no
preference on their participation in the distribution of surplus earnings of a
company or the final distribution of its assets.

Preferred shares: Class of shares is entitled to priority over common profits of a
company and often also on the assets upon liquidation shareholder.
Shareholder: The legal owner of one or more shares of capital stock (or shares)
of a company.

Prove: Register a credit by accounting entry.

Balance Sheet: Statement of financial position of any economic unit, to show at
a given time the asset, the cost, the cost of precious or other specified value.

Trial Balance: List or extract balances or the total of all debits and credits
accounts in more than is to determine the equality of debits and credits to the
pointed set a basic summary for your state I Financial.

Bank Reconciliation: State showing the difference between the balance of a
bank account held by the respective account and according to customer books
the same bank.

Petty: Background of a certain amount of funds for which the costs are
extracted small amount. This system is commonly used in business.

Capital: Net assets of a company, partnership or similar figure, including the
original investment and all earnings and profits thereon. Amount invested in the
company.

Account: Record all transactions and the date of each of it affecting a particular
phase of a company. It is expressed in the form of fertilizers and charge
assessed in monetary terms and showing in balance act if it exists.

Counter: A device that stores a number and increase it and decrease it allows
according to certain instructions.

Cost: ceded by an entity to obtain goods or services value. All costs are costs
but not all costs are expenses.

Credit: Part of a registered seat on the right side Diary greater account. Sales or
purchases accompanied a promise after the date on which payment is made.

CIF: International Trade Term used to reflect a condition of sale that includes
the price of the goods, the freight and insurance.

FOB: Closing that international maritime trade set for seller the following
obligations: pay for transportation to the ship and cargo of merchandise, as well
as risks that occur until the goods are placed on board the ship in agreed date
and location.

Depreciation: Normally charged benefits to settle the cost of an asset less the
residual value alo over their estimated useful lives.

Income: balance sheet, an income statement (or results); a state line or slave
state or other presentation of financial data from the accounting records.

Liabilities: Funds to be a bank. The biggest bank liabilities are customer
deposits.

Liabilities: Part liabilities maturing within a year. Includes providers, public
finance, social security number and bank creditors or short term.
Fixed Liabilities: All the debts not due within subsequent fiscal periods (eg
mortgages, bond outstanding)
Stockholders' equity: total holdings on the accounting log shown in the owner's
interest.

Social Capital: Capital contributed by shareholders to constitute the social
heritage who gives them their social rights.
Share capital: The contributed by the partners. Make the true liability of
shareholders.

Capital paid: Total amount in cash, property and services that contribute to a
corporation or its shareholders and usually constitutes a major item on the
balance sheet.

Accounts payable: liabilities represented the amount owed by an individual or
company to a creditor for the procurement of goods or services, based on a
system of checking or short-term credit.

Accounts receivable: The owed to a company by sales of merchandise based
on a system of current accounts.

Document: Any printed or thing described in the trustee to record or prove
something.

Inventory: Raw materials and materials, supplies or supplies, finished products
and manufacturing processes and in-stock merchandise in transit, or recorded
on deposit with third parties.








































CONCLUSION

dictionary is considered a useful book that helps solve major questions about
the definition and writing of a particular accounting word for it in this text, from a
theoretical perspective, it is proposed to demonstrate it not only as an
occasional tool solution doubts but as a potential object of study and as an
ongoing educational tool to check not only the definition of a word, but to others
the role, leading to a power that knowledge about the use we need to know to
apply more importantly, achieve understanding of the roles.









































RECOMMENDATION

First, indicate that its use is essential to master an accounting term. Can you
know many things and concepts, but if you have the correct meaning and
application of the term, can not express what you mean and make you
understand. And not worth the trick of using a person who knows more than you
as a dictionary. The time and effort to find oneself a word must be devoted, see
its possible meanings and look for examples, etc.










































EGRAFIA

http://www.monografias.com/trabajos64/glosario-terminos-contables/glosario-
terminos-contables2.shtml

http://es.scribd.com/doc/51841518/DICCIONARIO-CONTABLE

http://www.ecas.cl/index.php/movil-comunidad/45-contable/209-glosario-de-
terminos