1.List the major components of Vmware Infrastructure ?

* The major components of VMware Infrastructure are:

ESX Server host .
Virtua !enter Server.
Virtua Infrastructure "VI# !ient .
$e% %rowser.
License server.
&ata%ase.
'. $hat are the minimum ()$ re*uirements to insta Virtua!enter Server ?
To ensure a trou%e+free instaation of v!enter Server:
Ma,e sure -our har.ware an. operatin/ s-stem re*uirements are compiant. The
v!enter Server 0.1 s-stem can %e a ph-sica or a virtua machine. If -ou are
instain/ v!enter Server 0.1 in a virtua machine1 see 2unnin/ v!enter Server in a
virtua machine "13345#.
6ote: 7or more information1 see ESX an. v!enter Server Instaation 8ui.e an.
vSphere !ompati%iit- Matri9. v!enter Server 0.1 re*uires a :0+%it &S6 to function
proper-.
;rocessor < Inte or =M& 94: processor with two or more o/ica cores1 each with a
spee. of '8(>.
Memor- < ?8@ 2=M. 2=M re*uirements ma- %e hi/her if -our .ata%ase runs on the
same machine. VMware Virtua!enter Mana/ement $e%Services re*uires 1'4M@ to
1.A8@ of memor- which is aocate. at startup.
&is, stora/e < '8@. &is, re*uirements ma- %e hi/her if -our .ata%ase runs on the
same machine.
Microsoft SBL Server '33A E9press .is, re*uirements. The %un.e. .ata%ase
re*uires up to '8@ free .is, space to .ecompress the instaation archive.
6etwor,in/ < 18%it recommen.e..
6ote: VMware recommen.s that v!enter Server %e instae. on a s-stem that is
.e.icate. to mana/in/ -our virtua infrastructure environment. ?r. part- an. other
appications on the same s-stem ma- utii>e the same share. s-stem resources1
impactin/ performance an. support.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Make sure your database requirements and patch levels are compliant:
Note: For more information, see vSphere Compatibility Matrix and vCenter Server
Database atch and Confi!uration "equirements# $o use an existin! database, you
need to provide a %&'bit system DSN (hich points to the vCenter Server database# )ou
also need to ensure that you have created a full backup of your database before
proceedin!# *n addition +M(are ,pdate Mana!er &#x is still a -. bit application, and (ill
require a -.'bit DSN to be created#
Microsoft S/0 server Database Support:
Microsoft S/0 Server .112 3xpress
Note: Microsoft S/0 Server .112 3xpress is intended for use (ith small deployments of
up to 2 hosts and4or 21 virtual machines#

Microsoft S/0 Server .112 Standard edition 5S6, S., S-7
Microsoft S/0 Server .112 Standard edition 5S., S-7 %& bit
Microsoft S/0 Server .112 3nterprise edition 5S6, S., S-7
Microsoft S/0 Server .112 3nterprise edition 5S., S-7 %& bit
Microsoft S/0 Server .118 Standard 3dition
Microsoft S/0 Server .118 Standard 3dition %& bit
Microsoft S/0 Server .118 3nterprise 3dition
Microsoft S/0 Server .118 3nterprise 3dition %& bit

9racle Database Support:
9racle 61! Standard edition 5"elease . :61#.#1#&;7
9racle 61! 3nterprise edition 5"elease . :61#.#1#&;7
9racle 61! 3nterprise edition 5"elease . :61#.#1#&;7 %& bit
9racle 66! Standard edition
9racle 66! 3nterprise edition

*<M D<. = Support:
*<M D<. 3xpress C
*<M D<. 3xpress 3dition =
*<M D<. >ork!roup Server 3dition =
*<M D<. 3nterprise Server 3dition =
Note: *<M D<. database is only supported for vCenter Server# $here is no support for
,pdate Mana!er or any plu!'in that requires a database#
Make sure your operatin! system meets these requirements:
Note: vCenter Server &#6 does not support -.'bit host operatin! systems, and only
supports %& bit, (hile &#1 may still be installed on a -.'bit operatin! system# For more
information, see the 9peratin! System Compatibility for vSphere Client, vCenter Server,
and +M(are vCenter ,pdate Mana!er section of the vSphere Compatibility Matrix#
vCenter Server &#6
>indo(s ? ro S. 5S. required, %&'bit7
>indo(s Server .11- 5S6 required, %&'bit7
>indo(s Server .118 5%&'bit7
vCenter Server &#1
>indo(s ? ro
>indo(s Server .11-
>indo(s Server .11- %&'bit 5Compatibility mode only7
>indo(s Server .118
>indo(s Server .118 %&'bit 5Compatibility mode only7
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
$hat are the (ar.ware re*uirements for Virtua Infrastructure !ient )Vsphere?
The foowin/ are the minimum har.ware an. software re*uirements for instain/
the vSphere 0.9 !ient:
!;C < 1 !;C
;rocessor < '::M(> or faster Inte or =M& processor "A33M(> is recommen.e.#.
Memor- < '33M@ 2=M
&is, Stora/e < 18@ free .is, space for a compete instaation1 which incu.es the
foowin/ components:
Microsoft .6ET '.3
Microsoft .6ET ?.3 S;1
Microsoft Visua DE
vSphere !ient 0.3
vSphere (ost Cp.ate Ctiit- 0.3 "6ot instae. in 0.1#
Fou must aso have 033M@ free on the .rive that has -our GtempG .irector-.
If a of the prere*uisites are area.- instae.1 ?33M@ of free space is re*uire. on
the .rive that has -our GtempG .irector-1 an. 0A3M@ is re*uire. for the vSphere
!ient 0.3.
6etwor,in/ < VMware recommen.s a 8i/a%it connection
Fou must aso ensure that -our operatin/ s-stem supports the vSphere !ient.
7or a ist of supporte. operatin/ s-stems1 see the vSphere !ompati%iit- Matri9es in
the VMware vSphere .ocumentation $e% site.
6ote: The vSphere !ient re*uires Microsoft .6ET ?.3 S;1 7ramewor,. If it is not
instae. in -our s-stem1 the vSphere !ient instaer automatica- instas it. The
.6ET ?.3 S;1 software mi/ht re*uire Internet connectivit- to .ownoa. a..itiona
fies.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
5. $hat are the 2e*uirements for Virtua!enter VI $e% =ccess ?
* The VI $e% =ccess cient is .esi/ne. for these %rowsers :
o $in.ows . Internet E9porer :.3 or hi/her1 6etscape 6avi/ator 5.31 Mo>ia 1.X1
7irefo9 1.3.5 an. hi/her.
o Linu9 . 6etscape 6avi/ator 5.3 or ater1 Mo>ia 1.91 7irefo9 1.3.5 an. hi/her.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Minimum (ar.ware 2e*uirements for ESX)ESXi 0.9
Csin/ ESX)ESXi re*uires specific har.ware an. s-stem resources.
:0+%it ;rocessor
VMware ESX)ESXi 0.9 on- instas an. run on servers with :0+%it 94: !;Cs.
Hnown :0+%it processors:
= =M& Ipterons support :0 %it.
= Inte Xeon ?333)?'331 ?133)??331 A133)A?331 A'33)A0331 5133)5?331 an.
5'33)5033 support :0+%it.
= Inte 6ehaem support :0+%it.
2=M
'8@ 2=M minimum
6etwor, =.apters
Ine or more networ, a.apters. Supporte. networ, a.apters incu.e:
@roa.com 6etXtreme A539 /i/a%it controers
Inte ;2I 1333 a.apters
S!SI =.apter1 7i%re !hanne =.apter1 or Interna 2=I& !ontroer
Ine or more of these controers "an- com%ination can %e use.#:
@asic S!SI controers are =.aptec Ctra+1:3 an. Ctra+?'31 LSI Lo/ic 7usion+M;T1
an. most 6!2)S-m%ios S!SI controers.
7i%re !hanne1 see the (ar.ware !ompati%iit- 8ui.e.
2=I& a.apters supporte. are (; Smart =rra-1 &e ;erc "=.aptec 2=I& an. LSI
Me/a2=I&#1 an. I@M "=.aptec# Serve2=I& controers.
Instaation an. Stora/e
S!SI .is,1 7i%re !hanne LC61 or 2=I& LC6 with unpartitione. space. In a minimum
confi/uration1 this .is, or 2=I& is share. %etween the service consoe an. the virtua
machines.
7or har.ware iS!SI1 a .is, attache. to an iS!SI controer1 such as the BLo/ic
*a03A9. Software iS!SI is not supporte. for %ootin/ or instain/ ESX.
Seria attache. S!SI "S=S#.
7or Seria =T= "S=T=#1 a .is, connecte. throu/h supporte. S=S controers or
supporte. on+%oar. S=T= controers. S=T= .is, .rives connecte. %ehin. supporte.
S=S controers or supporte. on+%oar. S=T= controers.
Supporte. S=S controers incu.e:
LSI13:4E "LSIS=S?00'E#
LSI13:4 "S=S A#
I@M Serve2=I& 4H S=S controer
Smart =rra- ;033)'A: controer
&e ;E2! A.3.1 controer
Supporte. on+%oar. S=T= controers incu.e:
Inte I!(J
6vi.ia M!;AA
Server$or,s (T1333
$hen instain/ ESX on S=T= .rives1 consi.er these points:
Ensure that -our S=T= .rives are connecte. throu/h supporte. S=S controers or
supporte. on%oar. S=T= controers.
&o not use S=T= .is,s to create VM7S .atastores share. across mutipe ESX hosts.
"$hich Stora/e s-stems supports for instain/ an. %ootin/ ESX Server?#
=T= an. I&E .is, .rives < ESX supports instain/ an. %ootin/ on either an =T= .rive
or =T= 2=I& is supporte.1 %ut ensure that -our specific .rive controer is incu.e. in
the supporte. har.ware. I&E .rives are supporte. for ESX instaation an. VM7S
creation.
Ma,e sure -our har.ware is compiant %- referrin/ to the (ar.ware !ompati%iit-
8ui.e.
7or a..itiona information1 see Instain/ ESX 0.3 an. v!enter 0.3 %est practices
"133J343# an. Instain/ ESXi)ESX 0.1 an. v!enter Server 0.1 %est practices
"13''131#.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
Recommendations for Enhanced ESX Performance
Fou can enhance ESX performance %- usin/ mutipe ph-sica .is,s1 such as S!SI
.is,s1 7i%re !hanne LC6s1 an. 2=I& LC6s.
Liste. here are recommen.ations for enhance. performance.
2=M
The ESX host mi/ht re*uire more 2=M for the service consoe if -ou are runnin/
thir.+part- mana/ement appications or %ac,up a/ents.
6etwor, a.apters for virtua machines
&e.icate. 8i/a%it Ethernet car.s for virtua machines1 such as Inte ;2I 1333
a.apters1 improve throu/hput to virtua machines with hi/h networ, traffic.
&is, ocation
7or %est performance1 store a .ata use. %- -our virtua machines on ph-sica .is,s
aocate. to virtua machines. These ph-sica .is,s shou. %e ar/e enou/h to ho.
.is, ima/es use. %- a the virtua machines.
;rocessors
7aster processors improve ESX performance. 7or certain wor,oa.s1 ar/er caches
improve ESX performance.
(ar.ware compati%iit- . To ensure the %est possi%e I)I performance an. wor,oa.
mana/ement1 VMware
ESX Server provi.es its own .rivers for supporte. .evices. @e sure that the .evices
-ou pan to use in -our
server are supporte..
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1'.$hat are the inherent %enefits of virtuai>ation ?
primari- cost savin/s
aows mutipe operatin/ s-stems to %e instae. on a sin/e server
re.ucin/ the amount of har.ware
!onsoi.atin/ servers
aso potentia- re.uces the amount of ph-sica space that a compan- nee.s for its
servers or .ata center.
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1?.$hat is a (-pervisor?
= h-pervisor1 aso cae. a virtua machine mana/er1 is a pro/ram that aows mutipe
operatin/ s-stems to
share a sin/e har.ware host. Each operatin/ s-stem appears to have the hostKs
processor1 memor-1 an.
other resources a to itsef. (owever1 the h-pervisor is actua- controin/ the host
processor an. resources1
aocatin/ what is nee.e. to each operatin/ s-stem in turn an. ma,in/ sure that the
/uest operatin/ s-stems
"cae. virtua mahines# cannot .isrupt each other.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
what is es9 server?
$hat Is VMware ESX Server =n. $h- Fou 6ee. It
@- &avi. &avis&ecem%er 131 '335
If -ouLve ever %een insi.e a server room of a major corporation1 a ar/e %usiness1 or
a universit-1 -ou ,now that it can %e an intimi.atin/ pace.
The server room is amost awa-s e9treme- warm1 an. fie. from wa to wa with
e9pensive an. space+consumin/ server rac,s.
=.. to that the fact that these rooms are usua- secure. i,e %an, vauts1 an. -ou
have the ma,in/s of a tru- interestin/ e9perience.
$hat is interestin/ a%out most server rooms is that each of the machines in the
room is pro%a%- not %ein/ use. to its fuest capacit-. Even hi/h+%an.wi.th servers
rare- have to use a ar/e percenta/e of their !;C or 2=M at an- /iven time.
This can %e *uite an inefficient use of resources "after a1 -ou are powerin/ the
thin/1 whether it is %ein/ use. or not1 ri/ht?#1 which can cost -ou mone-. (owever1
there is a soution to this issue.

The = < In < Ine Virtuai>e. &ream Machine
$ith virtuai>ation software1 a sin/e ph-sica server can run severa virtua machines
simutaneous-. Each of these machines %eieves it is runnin/ on its own .e.icate.
har.ware1 as if it were separate from a the other machines.
@ut -ou pro%a%- ,now a that1 ri/ht? Fou .onLt nee. a crash course on
virtuai>ation. Fou nee. an enterprise+eve virtuai>ation too that can turn -our
mone- an. space+consumin/ .atacenter into an efficient1 a+in+one virtuai>e.
.ream machine.
$hat -ou nee. is VMware ESX Server.
@ut what e9act- is ESX Server? (ow is it .ifferent from other virtuai>ation software
out there?
$e for starters1 ESX Server is1 as mentione. a%ove1 an enterprise eve
virtuai>ation too. It utii>es services that mana/e numerous virtua machines with
/reater reia%iit- an. efficienc- than VMwareLs more %asic Server pro.uct.
The reason for this is %ecause ESX Server runs on M%are+meta.N This essentia-
means that -ou insta the ESX Server software .irect- into the computer1 without an
operatin/ s-stem for it to run on top of.
This s-stem is mana/e. %- the VM,erne1 which is %ase. on the Linu9 ,erne. This
micro,erne saves resources %- eiminatin/ the overhea. of runnin/ an un.er-in/
operatin/ s-stem %eneath the virtua machines.
The pro.uct then .ivi.es up the resources from the ph-sica har.ware an. simuates
mutipe copies of virtua har.ware for the virtua machines to use.
It even has the capa%iit- to over+commit memor-1 meanin/ the tota memor- of the
virtua machines can safe- e9cee. the actua ph-sica memor- of the server. This
can ma,e for increase. overa memor- utii>ation in -our servers.
This is a mana/e. %- the service consoe1 which serves as the mana/ement
software for ESX Server an. its Moperatin/ s-stem.N
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
1J. $hat are the fies that ma,e up VM in VM$are?
The fies that ma,e up VMs are put in the same fo.er in a .atastore %- .efaut.
The- are:
VM !onfi/uration 7ie ".vm9# < is a te9t fie1 the most critica fie for a VM. It wi %e
popuate. %- man- settin/s /overnin/ not on- what virtua har.ware is presente. to
an. seen %- the /uest IS %ut aso parameters nee.e. to proper- wor, with a
particuar IS.
VM &is, Metafie ".vm.,# an. 7at 7ie "+fat.vm.,# < represents the VM har. .is,s
an. awa-s come in pairs. The VM&H fie contains meta.ata use. %- ESX)ESXi1
.escri%in/ the +fat.vm., fie that is the .ata fie that represents the VM har. .is,.
$henever we a.. a har. .is, to our VM1 we wi have a new pair ".vm., an.
+fat.vm.,#.
VM @IIS State 7ie ".nvram# + is create. when the VM is create. an. represents the
@IIS of the VM.
VM,erne Swap 7ie ".vswp# < is use. %- the ESX)ESXi host if it nee.s to swap the
VM out of 2=M. This fie is awa-s e*ua in capacit- to the amount of 2=M confi/ure.
for a VM uness the VM has a memor- reservation. In that case1 it wi %e re.uce. %-
the amount of the reservation.
VM Lo/ 7ies ".o/# < wi /row to A M@ in capacit- %efore %ein/ rotate.. 13
/enerations of o/ fies wi %e ,ept %efore %ein/ rotate. out an. .eete.1 %- .efaut.
+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++