AISC Seismic Provisions For Structural Steel Building

1
AISC Seismic Provisions

James O. Malley
Senior Principal, Degenkolb Engineers
and Chair, AISC TC9
The AISC Seismic Provisions For The AISC Seismic Provisions For
Structural Steel Buildings Structural Steel Buildings
Process of Developing the Provisions Process of Developing the Provisions
1992 AISC Seismic (E. 1992 AISC Seismic (E. Popov Popov, Chair) , Chair)
1997 NEHRP Adoption of 1997 AISC Seismic 1997 NEHRP Adoption of 1997 AISC Seismic
Provisions Provisions
Cooperation of AISC and BSSC established Cooperation of AISC and BSSC established
Similar for 2000 and 2003 NEHRP Provisions Similar for 2000 and 2003 NEHRP Provisions
Roles defined to minimize duplication of Roles defined to minimize duplication of
effort effort
AISC/NEHRP AISC/NEHRP
2
AISC Review/Approval Process AISC Review/Approval Process
ANSI Consensus Process Procedures Being ANSI Consensus Process Procedures Being
Followed Followed
AISC now ANSI Accredited Organization AISC now ANSI Accredited Organization
AISC Seismic Provisions Updates AISC Seismic Provisions Updates
1997 AISC Seismic Provisions 1997 AISC Seismic Provisions
Supplement No. 1, February 15, 1999 Supplement No. 1, February 15, 1999
Supplement No. 2, November 10, 2000 Supplement No. 2, November 10, 2000
2002 Provisions, May 21, 2002 2002 Provisions, May 21, 2002
Building Code Adoption Process Building Code Adoption Process
1997 Seismic Provisions, through 1997 Seismic Provisions, through
Supplement No. 1 included with Main LRFD Supplement No. 1 included with Main LRFD
Specifications into 2000 IBC Specifications into 2000 IBC
2002 Seismic Provisions in 2003 IBC 2002 Seismic Provisions in 2003 IBC
2002 NFPA also includes 2002 AISC Seismic 2002 NFPA also includes 2002 AISC Seismic
2006 IBC adopted 2005 AISC Seismic 2006 IBC adopted 2005 AISC Seismic
(ANSI/AISC 341 (ANSI/AISC 341- -05) and AISC Main Spec 05) and AISC Main Spec
(ANSI/AISC 360 (ANSI/AISC 360- -05) 05)
Single Set of Unified National Seismic Single Set of Unified National Seismic
Provisions for Steel Buildings Provisions for Steel Buildings
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Major Elements of 2005 Seismic Major Elements of 2005 Seismic
Provisions Provisions
Part I covers all Major Seismic Systems Part I covers all Major Seismic Systems
Focus on SDC D, E and F Focus on SDC D, E and F
Coordinated with ASCE 7 Coordinated with ASCE 7- -05 05
Incorporate Post Incorporate Post- -Northridge Findings Northridge Findings
FEMA/SAC Project Results (FEMA 350 Series) FEMA/SAC Project Results (FEMA 350 Series)
as Well as Other Efforts as Well as Other Efforts
Composite Provisions from NEHRP Included (Part Composite Provisions from NEHRP Included (Part
II) II)
Note that Both Parts are in the Note that Both Parts are in the Unified Unified Format Format
similar to the Main AISC Specification similar to the Main AISC Specification
Both LRFD and ASD included in one set of Both LRFD and ASD included in one set of
provisions provisions
Scope Statement Scope Statement
Intended Primarily for Building Structures Intended Primarily for Building Structures
Also incorporated for Also incorporated for building like building like non non- -
building structures building structures
Glossary clarifies that SLRS includes Glossary clarifies that SLRS includes
diaphragm chords and collectors, and all diaphragm chords and collectors, and all
elements that resist seismic loads elements that resist seismic loads
Required for SDC D, E and F Required for SDC D, E and F
For SDC A, B and C, designer has choice For SDC A, B and C, designer has choice
Use the Seismic Provisions with appropriate Use the Seismic Provisions with appropriate
R factor R factor
Use AISC LRFD/ASD Provisions with R=3 Use AISC LRFD/ASD Provisions with R=3
Design Directly Linked to ASCE 7 Design Directly Linked to ASCE 7- -05 05
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Project Documentation Requirements Project Documentation Requirements
New Section to Define Expectations of: New Section to Define Expectations of:
Design drawings and specifications Design drawings and specifications
Shop Drawings Shop Drawings
Erection Drawings Erection Drawings
Includes lists of information to be Includes lists of information to be
provided such as SLRS designation, provided such as SLRS designation,
connection detailing, welding connection detailing, welding
requirements, protected zones, etc. requirements, protected zones, etc.
Consistent with FEMA 353 and AWS D1.8 Consistent with FEMA 353 and AWS D1.8
Material Specifications Material Specifications
ASTM Specifications for Materials Employed ASTM Specifications for Materials Employed
All major structural products incorporated All major structural products incorporated
Limited to 50 Limited to 50 ksi ksi, except for , except for elastic elastic columns columns
Relaxed to 55 Relaxed to 55 ksi ksi limit for OMF and OCBF limit for OMF and OCBF
Material Properties for Determination of Required Material Properties for Determination of Required
Strength for Connections or Related Members Based Strength for Connections or Related Members Based
on Expected Yield Strength on Expected Yield Strength
R R
y y
= = R R
y y
F F
y y
R R
y y
= 1.5 for A36 = 1.5 for A36 1.5 x 36 = 54 1.5 x 36 = 54 ksi ksi
R R
y y
= 1.1 for A992 = 1.1 for A992 1.1 x 50 = 55 1.1 x 50 = 55 ksi ksi
R R
y y
= 1.1 to 1.6 for other steels grades = 1.1 to 1.6 for other steels grades
5
Material Specifications Material Specifications
Available Strength to consider both expected Available Strength to consider both expected
yield and tensile strengths yield and tensile strengths
R R
t t
term added for tensile strength, with range term added for tensile strength, with range
of 1.1 to 1.3 of 1.1 to 1.3
Intent is to ensure expected inelastic Intent is to ensure expected inelastic
response and ductile failure modes response and ductile failure modes
Notch Tough Steel Notch Tough Steel
For Seismic Force Resisting System, For Seismic Force Resisting System, Charpy Charpy
V V- -Notch Toughness of Notch Toughness of 20 ft. 20 ft.- -lbs. @ 70 lbs. @ 70 F F is is
required for: required for:
ASTM A6 GROUPS 4 and 5, and for ASTM A6 GROUPS 4 and 5, and for
ASTM A6 GROUP 3 with flanges > 1 1/2 ASTM A6 GROUP 3 with flanges > 1 1/2
inches thick inches thick
Plate material thicker than 2 inches Plate material thicker than 2 inches
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Connections Connections - - Bolted Joints Bolted Joints
Fully Tensioned HSB, Class A Slip Fully Tensioned HSB, Class A Slip- -Critical, Critical,
design for bearing strength. design for bearing strength.
No sharing of load with welds in a joint or the No sharing of load with welds in a joint or the
same force component in a connection. same force component in a connection.
Standard holes, or short slots perpendicular to Standard holes, or short slots perpendicular to
line of force. line of force.
Oversized holes in one ply of brace diagonals Oversized holes in one ply of brace diagonals
allowed allowed
Other conditions allowed if verified by testing Other conditions allowed if verified by testing
Ductile limit Ductile limit - - state controls design. state controls design.
Yielding rather than fracture Yielding rather than fracture
Connections Connections - - Welded Joints Welded Joints
New Appendix W with welded joint requirements New Appendix W with welded joint requirements
beyond standard AWS D1.1 beyond standard AWS D1.1
Consistent with FEMA 353 Consistent with FEMA 353
Being incorporated into new AWS D1.8 Being incorporated into new AWS D1.8
To be published later this year. Future To be published later this year. Future
editions of AISC Seismic will reference as editions of AISC Seismic will reference as
appropriate appropriate
WPS required / Approved by EOR WPS required / Approved by EOR
Continuity plate welding and detailing specified Continuity plate welding and detailing specified
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Test Temperature (F)
-100 -50 0 50 100 150 200 250
C
V
N

I
m
p
a
c
t

E
n
e
r
g
y

(
f
t
-
l
b
f
)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Test Temperature (C)
-50 0 50 100
C
V
N

I
m
p
a
c
t

E
n
e
r
g
y

(
J
)
0
50
100
150
UTA(2)
UTAE70T-6Root
UTA E70T-6Mid-thickness
UTAE70T-6Near Surface
EWI E70T-6Mid-thickness
Connections Connections - - Welded Joints Welded Joints
Filler metal CVN 20 ft. Filler metal CVN 20 ft.- -lbs. @ lbs. @ - -0 0 F for F for
all welds in the seismic load all welds in the seismic load
resisting system (SLRS) resisting system (SLRS)
Reduction from Reduction from - -20 20 F in 2002 F in 2002
Two level toughness required for Two level toughness required for
designated Demand Critical Welds in designated Demand Critical Welds in
SMF, IMF, OMF and EBF SMF, IMF, OMF and EBF
based on FEMA based on FEMA
recommendations recommendations
Consistent with previous testing Consistent with previous testing
Appendix provides requirements Appendix provides requirements
for qualification for qualification
Welded Joints (cont.) Welded Joints (cont.)
Defines term Defines term Protected Zone Protected Zone where where
special care is required special care is required
Eliminates welding and other Eliminates welding and other
attachments in plastic hinge zones attachments in plastic hinge zones
(shear studs, e.g.). Spot welds (shear studs, e.g.). Spot welds
acceptable acceptable
OK outside hinge zones, but OK outside hinge zones, but
need to verify net section need to verify net section
strength strength
Discontinuities caused by welding Discontinuities caused by welding
or other construction operations or other construction operations
must be repaired. must be repaired.
Locations of Protected Zones Locations of Protected Zones
defined for each system defined for each system
Fracture
Shear
Stud
weld
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Members Members
Width Width- -thickness ratios often stricter than main thickness ratios often stricter than main
specification requirements specification requirements
Columns with high axial load to be checked for Columns with high axial load to be checked for
amplified seismic loading amplified seismic loading
Column Splices Column Splices
Strength requirement for partial penetration and fillet Strength requirement for partial penetration and fillet
welded splices of 200% of required strength. welded splices of 200% of required strength.
Beveled transitions not required where partial Beveled transitions not required where partial
penetration welds are permitted. penetration welds are permitted.
Requirements for shear strength check of Requirements for shear strength check of non non- -frame frame
columns in columns in all all systems. systems.
Only location in the provisions that refers to Only location in the provisions that refers to
elements not part of the SLRS elements not part of the SLRS
M
r
M
o
m
e
n
t

C
a
p
a
c
i
t
y
p
r
Width-Thickness Ratio
M
p
Plastic Buckling
Inelastic Buckling
Elastic Buckling
ps
D
u
c
t
i
l
i
t
y
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Members (cont.) Members (cont.)
Column base design Column base design
General intent to design column base for same General intent to design column base for same
forces that the elements connecting to the base forces that the elements connecting to the base
are designed for. are designed for.
Axial, shear and flexural strength Axial, shear and flexural strength
requirements presented requirements presented
Interaction with concrete elements referred to Interaction with concrete elements referred to
ACI 318 Appendix D. ACI 318 Appendix D.
H H- -pile requirements included pile requirements included
Special Moment Frames (SMF) Special Moment Frames (SMF)
Designs based on cyclic test Designs based on cyclic test
results to 0.04 radians results to 0.04 radians
Appendix S provides test Appendix S provides test
requirements requirements
For either project specific For either project specific
or or public public tests tests
Appendix P provides basis for Appendix P provides basis for
pre pre- -qualification qualification of of
connections connections
Connections designed in Connections designed in
accordance with AISC 358 accordance with AISC 358
standard standard
Shear connection capacity Shear connection capacity
sufficient to develop force sufficient to develop force
generated by fully plastic beam generated by fully plastic beam
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(N) AISC Moment Connection (N) AISC Moment Connection
Prequalification Standard Prequalification Standard
Official title: Official title: Prequalified Prequalified Connections for Special and Connections for Special and
Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic Intermediate Steel Moment Frames for Seismic
Applications Applications
Developed by separate ANSI standards development Developed by separate ANSI standards development
committee (Ron Hamburger, Chair) committee (Ron Hamburger, Chair)
Allows engineers to submit moment frame designs Allows engineers to submit moment frame designs
without producing connection test results without producing connection test results
First edition focuses on RBS and End Plate First edition focuses on RBS and End Plate
connections connections
More connections to be included in future editions More connections to be included in future editions
Adopted by 2005 AISC Seismic Adopted by 2005 AISC Seismic
SMF (Cont.) SMF (Cont.)
Panel Zone Design Panel Zone Design
Intended to share Intended to share
yielding with beam yielding with beam
Equation differs from Equation differs from
FEMA 350 FEMA 350
Doubler Doubler plate plate
configurations may be configurations may be
adjusted to avoid adjusted to avoid k k
area area
Continuity plates to Continuity plates to
match tested match tested
configurations configurations
M
p2
M
p1
M
p1 at
column face
M
p2 at
column face
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SCWB Check required SCWB Check required
for SMF frames for SMF frames
Attempting to avoid Attempting to avoid
weak stories weak stories
Exceptions provided Exceptions provided
Column splices pushed Column splices pushed
towards CJP towards CJP
0 1.
*
*
pb
pc
M
M
M
c2
M
c1
M
pc2
M
pc1
CL
CL
Lateral Bracing of Lateral Bracing of
Beams Beams
Nominal bracing Nominal bracing
required along length required along length
for both strength and for both strength and
stiffness based on stiffness based on
main spec. equations main spec. equations
Bracing at hinges Bracing at hinges
(6%) required as well (6%) required as well
But, not IN hinge But, not IN hinge
zones! zones!
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IMF/OMF Requirements IMF/OMF Requirements
Intermediate (IMF) provisions Intermediate (IMF) provisions
similar to SMF similar to SMF
Tested capacity to 0.02 Tested capacity to 0.02
radians, beam shear, etc. radians, beam shear, etc.
Other requirements (SCWB, Other requirements (SCWB,
panel zone, etc.) not as panel zone, etc.) not as
restrictive as SMF restrictive as SMF
Ordinary (OMF) provisions Ordinary (OMF) provisions
Allows calculation only, but Allows calculation only, but
for strength above 1.1 for strength above 1.1 R R
y y
M M
p p
Specific welding and Specific welding and
detailing requirements detailing requirements
(access holes, e.g.) (access holes, e.g.)
STMF STMF
Concept Similar to Concept Similar to EBF EBF s s
Ductile Special Segment (SS) Ductile Special Segment (SS)
Other Parts of the Truss Other Parts of the Truss
Remain Elastic Remain Elastic
Both Cross Both Cross- -braced and braced and
Vierendeel Vierendeel configurations configurations
Span limited to 65 feet Span limited to 65 feet
Depth limited to 6 feet Depth limited to 6 feet
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Special CBF Provisions Special CBF Provisions
KL / r < 4 / KL / r < 4 / E/ E/F F
y y
Stricter b/t Ratios and Built Stricter b/t Ratios and Built- -up up
Member Requirements Member Requirements
Connection Requirements Connection Requirements
Strength to Develop Strength to Develop
Tensile Strength Tensile Strength
Ductility to Allow Buckling Ductility to Allow Buckling
in Member or Gusset Plate in Member or Gusset Plate
Restrictions on Chevron and Restrictions on Chevron and
K K- -Bracing Bracing
Stronger Column Splices Stronger Column Splices
Required Required
OCBF Provisions OCBF Provisions
Limited use in high Limited use in high SDC SDC s s
For V or inverted V, KL / r < For V or inverted V, KL / r <
4.23 / 4.23 / E/ E/F F
y y
Connection strength to Connection strength to
develop brace tension develop brace tension
capacity or amplified force capacity or amplified force
Chevron bracing restrictions Chevron bracing restrictions
Tension Only Bracing Systems Tension Only Bracing Systems
Allowed for Low Buildings Allowed for Low Buildings
(Less than Two Stories) and (Less than Two Stories) and
Penthouses Penthouses
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EBF Provisions EBF Provisions
Inelastic behavior Inelastic behavior
limited to link beams limited to link beams
Remainder of the Remainder of the
system to remain elastic system to remain elastic
Best results for shear Best results for shear
link elements, but local link elements, but local
demands are higher demands are higher
than than SMF SMF s s
Extensive stiffening Extensive stiffening
EBF Provisions (Cont.) EBF Provisions (Cont.)
Link Link- -to to- -column connections column connections
Require testing like SMF Require testing like SMF
Exception allowed Exception allowed
Beam outside link, braces Beam outside link, braces
and columns designed for and columns designed for
link capacity, including link capacity, including
strain hardening strain hardening
Lateral bracing Lateral bracing
requirements similar to SMF requirements similar to SMF
6% at ends of links 6% at ends of links
Elsewhere, strength and Elsewhere, strength and
stiffness as required in stiffness as required in
main spec. main spec.
15
BRBF Provisions BRBF Provisions
BRBF Frames BRBF Frames
SCBF development improves SCBF development improves
braced frame performance, but braced frame performance, but
still limited by brace buckling still limited by brace buckling
Concept developed in Japan, with Concept developed in Japan, with
many applications many applications
Hysteretic behavior similar to Hysteretic behavior similar to
elastic elastic - - perfectly plastic perfectly plastic
Development of provisions in U.S. Development of provisions in U.S.
Joint AISC/SEAOC effort Joint AISC/SEAOC effort
Approach similar to EBF Approach similar to EBF
Analytical work indicates good Analytical work indicates good
performance performance
U.S. practice will lead to larger U.S. practice will lead to larger
drifts drifts
Included in 2003 NEHRP Included in 2003 NEHRP
BRBF Provisions (cont.) BRBF Provisions (cont.)
Steel core restrained from buckling Steel core restrained from buckling
Braces tested for twice Design Story Drift Braces tested for twice Design Story Drift
Appendix T specifies testing requirements Appendix T specifies testing requirements
Brace strength addresses strain hardening and Brace strength addresses strain hardening and
compression strength increase due to confining compression strength increase due to confining
system system
Connections designed for adjusted strength Connections designed for adjusted strength
Chevron requirements less demanding than SCBF Chevron requirements less demanding than SCBF
Column splices similar to SCBF Column splices similar to SCBF
16
SPSW Provisions SPSW Provisions
SPSW System SPSW System
SPSW like plate girder SPSW like plate girder
design approach (tension design approach (tension
field theory) field theory)
Can generate tremendous Can generate tremendous
strength and stiffness as strength and stiffness as
compared to CBF compared to CBF
SPSW concept developed SPSW concept developed
in Canada in Canada
NBCC Code provisions NBCC Code provisions
in place in place
UC Berkeley work as well UC Berkeley work as well
Provisions incorporated Provisions incorporated
into 2003 NEHRP into 2003 NEHRP
SPSW Provisions (cont.) SPSW Provisions (cont.)
Panel Capacity Based on Simple Formula Panel Capacity Based on Simple Formula
Includes panel aspect ratio Includes panel aspect ratio
L/h between 0.8 and 2.5 L/h between 0.8 and 2.5
Panels with Openings to have boundary elements (BE) Panels with Openings to have boundary elements (BE)
Connection between web and Connection between web and BE BE s s for capacity for capacity
BE BE s s to develop panels. OMF style connections to develop panels. OMF style connections
Lateral bracing spacing like SMF. Lateral bracing spacing like SMF.
Vertical Vertical BE BE s s also have bending stiffness requirements also have bending stiffness requirements
17
Quality Assurance Quality Assurance
Detailed Appendix Q replaces general set of provisions Detailed Appendix Q replaces general set of provisions
in previous editions in previous editions
Consistent with FEMA 353 and AWS D1.8 Consistent with FEMA 353 and AWS D1.8
QA plan required. Covers both QA and QC. QA plan required. Covers both QA and QC.
Documentation requirements listed Documentation requirements listed
Visual Inspection Points and Frequency Defined Visual Inspection Points and Frequency Defined
For before, during and after welding or bolting by For before, during and after welding or bolting by
both QA and QC. Shown in tabular format both QA and QC. Shown in tabular format
Observe, Perform and/or Document Observe, Perform and/or Document
NDT locations and requirements specified. Both UT and NDT locations and requirements specified. Both UT and
Magnetic Particle incorporated. All results documented Magnetic Particle incorporated. All results documented. .
Part II Part II - - Composite Provisions Composite Provisions
Part II Part II - - Composite Construction Provisions Composite Construction Provisions
First Developed for 1994 NEHRP First Developed for 1994 NEHRP
Identifies Numerous System Options Identifies Numerous System Options
Provides Detailed Requirements for Provides Detailed Requirements for
Member and Connection Design Member and Connection Design
Modified and Made Consistent with Part 1 Modified and Made Consistent with Part 1
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Composite CBF Composite CBF
Connection Connection
Composite Shear Composite Shear
Wall Detail Wall Detail
Status and Upcoming Activities Status and Upcoming Activities
AISC 341 approved by reference in ASCE 7 AISC 341 approved by reference in ASCE 7- -
05, Supplement No. 1 05, Supplement No. 1
Included in 2006 IBC Included in 2006 IBC
AWS D1.8 completed and published AWS D1.8 completed and published
Work is underway on 2010 Edition Work is underway on 2010 Edition
Suggestions and comments welcomed Suggestions and comments welcomed
and encouraged! and encouraged!
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Status of Work on 2010 Edition Status of Work on 2010 Edition
Some re Some re- -formatting being done to make formatting being done to make
document more consistent with AISC 360 document more consistent with AISC 360
Incorporating Composite Provisions Incorporating Composite Provisions
directly into the document (No more Part I directly into the document (No more Part I
and Part II) and Part II)
Developing design/analysis provisions that Developing design/analysis provisions that
will explicitly follow capacity design will explicitly follow capacity design
approach for ALL systems approach for ALL systems
Updates to specific member and system Updates to specific member and system
First internal ballots this year First internal ballots this year
To be included in ASCE 7 To be included in ASCE 7- -10 and 2012 IBC 10 and 2012 IBC
AISC Documents Related to AISC Documents Related to
Seismic Design Seismic Design
2005 AISC Seismic Provisions (ANSI/AISC 340) 2005 AISC Seismic Provisions (ANSI/AISC 340)
Available via download Available via download
2005 AISC Moment Connection Prequalification 2005 AISC Moment Connection Prequalification
Standard (ANSI/AISC 358) Standard (ANSI/AISC 358)
2005 AISC Specification for Structural Steel 2005 AISC Specification for Structural Steel
Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360) Buildings (ANSI/AISC 360)
2005 AISC Seismic Design Manual 2005 AISC Seismic Design Manual
Available for purchase Available for purchase
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AISC Seismic Design Manual AISC Seismic Design Manual
1 1
st st
Edition to Assist designers in applying AISC 341 Edition to Assist designers in applying AISC 341
Practical guide similar to SEAOC SDC Series Practical guide similar to SEAOC SDC Series
Common systems addressed with detailed design Common systems addressed with detailed design
examples examples
SMF, IMF, OMF SMF, IMF, OMF
CBF, EBF CBF, EBF
Other systems (BRBF and SPSW) discussed Other systems (BRBF and SPSW) discussed
Both R=3 and R>3 designs addressed Both R=3 and R>3 designs addressed
Special elements (chords and collectors) and issues Special elements (chords and collectors) and issues
(maximum force that can be delivered) addressed (maximum force that can be delivered) addressed
ONLY in LRFD format, though ASD is also allowed in ONLY in LRFD format, though ASD is also allowed in
AISC 341 AISC 341
Concluding Comments Concluding Comments
Unified Process for Steel Seismic Provision Unified Process for Steel Seismic Provision
Development Development
"Single Point of Responsibility" eliminates "Single Point of Responsibility" eliminates
duplicative effort and minor differences that duplicative effort and minor differences that
result in major confusion result in major confusion
Allows rapid incorporation of new information Allows rapid incorporation of new information
WE WANT YOUR INPUT AND WE WANT YOUR INPUT AND
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS! RECOMMENDATIONS FOR IMPROVEMENTS!

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