NTC Annual Report Introduction

To view the full Annual Report of the work described in the highlight below, click on the project number. For further
research details, see the project's website reported in this Annual Report or in the 2002 Research Briefs, on the web at
http://www.ntcresearch.org/current/year11/yr11_proj.htm or on the latest CD/ROM. You can keyword search and view
all NTC Reports ever published at http://ntcresearch.org and view all reports on the CD.
To contact any principal investigator, see their bio following each Research Brief for their email address, phone, web-
site address and NTC project numbers. Bios for all principal investigators who ever participated in an NTC project are
continuously updated on the web at http://ntcresearch.org/ from the "People" link and/or on the latest CD/ROM.
For a Table of Contents for this document, see page viii.
NOTE: This issue features two competency name changes (Chemistry, Management Systems) and slightly modified
definitions for each competency, recently chosen to better represent the NTC mission and goals, and new project num-
bers to accommodate an ever growing number of participating universities. To decipher a project number's format, see
page vii.

NTC Annual Report by Competency Groups

Materials
Research in the design, development and measurement of natural and synthetic polymeric materials
and fibers, including polymer mixtures and additives.

Biomimetic Manufacturing of Fibers

We are exploiting recombinant DNA and plant transgenic technologies to create and produce novel protein
polymers in significant quantities for fiber spinning. (Ellison) [M98-CL05]
Biotechnological Production of Polyesters
We are developing enzyme technology for cell-free synthesis of polyesters as a prototype for the application
of biocatalysis to production of new materials in the future. (May) [M99-GT11]
Intelligent Textiles with Environmentally Responsive Fibers
We are designing "smart" textiles that sense and actively self-regulate their immediate environmental sur-
roundings through the electro-active response of fibers. (Foulger) [M00-CL07]
Bio-Active Fabrics
We are developing fabrics that contain genetically engineered cells that will enable them to generate and re-
plenish chemical coatings and chemically active components. (Fowler) [M00-MD03]
Nanocomposite Fibers
We are developing biphasic fibers intimately blended with nanosized rigid particles, such as clay, silica,
graphite or carbon nanotubes, to produce vastly enhanced fiber properties.(Kim)[M00-MD08]
Fluoropolymer Optical Fibers for Smart Textiles
We are developing fluoropolymer optical fibers that enable the reliable reception, routing and secured broad-
casting of information for use in smart textiles (Ballato) [M01-CL01]
Surface Modification of Fibers with Nanolayers
We are developing ways to create multifunctional responsive/adaptive "smart" fibers by modifying their sur-
face with hybrid polymer nanolayers. (Luzinov) [M01-CL03]

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report i

 Dynamic Chameleon Fiber Systems
We are designing fibers that can quickly change their color, hue, depth of shade or optical transparency by
application of an electrical or magnetic field. (Gregory) [M01-CL07]
Biodegradable Hydrogel-Textile Hybrid for Tissue Engineering
Using biodegradable hydrogel technologies and non-woven fabrics, we are developing textile-based scaffold
materials for engineering new tissues and organs for human body repair.(Chu) [M01-CR01]
Predicting Chemical Penetration Through Nonwovens
We are refining our model to predict the penetration of chemicals through protective apparel nonwoven fab-
rics. (Obendorf) [M01-CR02]
High Modulus, High Tenacity Melt Spun Fibers
We are developing techniques to describe the morphology of high tenacity/high modulus fibers to levels not
previously possible. (Michielsen) [M01-GT01]
Fiber Structure Evolution During Spinning
We are investigating strain induced morphology development in fibers to understand the evolution of struc-
ture during the fiber formation process. (Jacob) [M01-GT04]
Electrostatic Spinning and Properties of Ultrafine Fibers
By refining our electrospinning technique, we seek to produce <0.1µ diameter fibers for such uses as filtra-
tion, light weight composites and biomedical applications. (Rutledge) [M01-MD22]
Lewis Acid-Base Complexation of Polyamides
By suppressing interchain amide group hydrogen bonding during spinning and drawing, we hope to develop
ways to produce nylon fibers with higher strength and modulus. (Kotek) [M01-NS03]
Transport in Fibrous Substrates: Liquid and Solid Interactions
From microscopic liquid and solid interactions, we are developing stochastic models to predict liquid trans-
port behavior in fibrous substrates. (Pan with Cornell) [M02-CD03]
Immobilization of Biomolecules on Fibers
We are developing processes to chemically activate the surface of fibrous materials for the recovery of bio-
molecules, such as specialty enzymes, by encapsulation/immobolization. (Hsieh with Natick) [M02-CD05]
Biomimetic Manufacturing of Fibers: Materials Development
We are exploiting recombinant DNA and plant transgenic technologies to create and produce novel protein
polymers in significant quantities for fiber spinning. (Ellison) [M02-CL04]
Photonic Crystal-Based Optical Fibers with Active Tunability
We are developing ways to manufacture polymeric, photonic crystal fibers that exhibit extremely low-loss
light transmission for communications and sensing applications. (Brown with U of Leeds) [M02-CL06]
Nano Engineered Fire Resistant Composite Fibers
We are developing a fundamental understanding of the thermal degradation of heat and fire resistant poly-
meric composite fibers when embedded with nanoparticle fillers. (Patra with Auburn) [M02-MD08]
Polymers Processed with Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds
We are developing a fundamental understanding of how cyclodextrin inclusion compounds deliver properties,
such as flame retardancy, antibacterial, color, etc., to polymers during processing. (Tonelli) [M02-NS01]

ii National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

Fabrication
Research in the design, development, manufacture and measurement of fibrous structures and fabri-
cated products, including process control.

Filling Yarn Insertion in Air Jet Weaving

We are developing a model to better understand fiber and yarn motion dynamics in air-jet weaving. (Adanur)
[F99-AE10]
Multi-component Cotton Blending Variability
We are developing reliable measures on how individual fiber variability affects the characteristics of cotton
multi-component blends. (El Mogahzy) [F99-AE13]
Fiber Motion in High-Speed Air Flows
We are developing models to elucidate the behaviors of fibers in high speed airflow. (Oxenham) [F99-NS06]
Substrate-Coating Interaction in Coated Fabrics
We are developing a model to predict interactions between a deforming fiber and its coating to optimize
structural configurations of coated fabrics under complex loading. (Chen) [F00-MD06]
Architectural Fabric Structures
We seek to understand and optimize the mechanical behavior of nonlinear anisotropic fabrics under tension to
create new architectural fabric structures. (Messinger) [F00-PH01]
Engineering Non-Linear Elastic Blended Fabrics
We are modeling and designing blended fabrics for the nonlinear elasticity requirements for such uses as arte-
rial grafts, performance cycling apparel and erosion control fabrics.(Pastore) [F00-PH05]
Magnetic Ring-Spinning for Increased Speeds
By replacing the traveler in ring spinning with a disc that rotates in a magnetic field, we hope to maintain the
high quality of ring spun yarn, but at much higher speeds. (Abdel-Hady) [F01-AE02]
Nonlinear Dynamics of High Speed Transport in Non-Uniform Yarns
We seek to correlate nonuniformities of staple yarns with the coefficient of yarn drag (friction) on the pack-
age.. (Goswami) [F01-CL04]
"Green" Composites from Cellulose Fabrics & Soy Protein Resin
Using plant-based fibers and soy protein polymer we have developed fully degradable composites with suffi-
cient mechanical properties for non-structural transportation parts. (Netravali) [F01-CR01]
One Step Carding-Spinning
We are developing the knowledge base that can lead to better carding and spinning processes, and fewer steps
to convert fiber into yarn. (Wang) [F01-GT06]
Micromachines in Fabric Formation
We are developing ways that combine micro-electro-mechanical systems and robotic devices to automatically
repair broken warp ends, thus leading to fully automated weaving. (Seyam) [F01-NS14]
Compressive Behavior of Fiber Assemblies
We are developing a fundamental understanding of how fiber properties and fiber architecture in assemblies
(e.g. carpets, nonwovens, pillows) recover after repeated compressive stresses. (Jacob) [F02-GT04]
Layered Fiber-based Microtubes
We are developing electroactive copolymer spinning technology to produce submicron diameter tubing of
uniform dimensions for use in microdevices. (Ghosh with Air Force research) [F02-NS05]

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report iii

Virtual 3D Draping of Apparel
We are developing methods to simulate fabric drape from fabric mechanical properties and body scan data.
(May-Plumlee with TC2) [F02-NS08]

Chemistry
Research in chemical applications to, and modifications of, fibers and fiber substrates, including
waste reduction.

Closed Loop Desizing, Scouring and Bleaching

Using suitable enzyme systems we developed a closed-loop process that replaces conventional textile pre-
paratory processes to desize, scour and bleach cotton. (Buschle-Diller) [C99-AE07]
Improving Textile Ink Jet Printing
We are developing fundamental knowledge of the flow, droplet formation, and droplet/substrate interaction in
two-phase ink jet printing. (Carr) [C99-GT08]
Dye Diffusion in and Surface Treatment of Fibers
To minimize dye streaks, we are studying dye diffusion in and surface treatment of fibers using laser scan-
ning confocal microscopy to measure the 3-D distribution of dye in fiber. (Tonelli) [C99-NS04]
Non-Aqueous Fabric Finishing
We are investigating using high energy plasma to create a continuous non-aqueous fabric treatment system,
encompassing desizing, scouring, dyeing and especially finishing. (McCord) [C99-NS09]
Abrasion Resistance of Durable Press Cotton
We are developing a fundamental understanding for the loss of abrasion resistance in durable press cotton
fabric. (Lickfield) [C00-CL01]
Quantum Dots as Dyes and Optical Brighteners for Fibers
We are varying the size of semiconductor nanocrystals to color fibers over the entire visible range of the elec-
tromagnetic spectrum. (Srinivasarao) [C00-GT03]
Rapid Design of Novel Chemicals for Textiles
We are integrating combinatorial organic synthesis, high throughput screening and chemoinformatics to de-
velop novel chemicals for the textile industry. (Bhat)[C00-PH01]
Using Dense Gas Fluids to Improve Chemical Processing
We are using dense gas fluids, such as CO2, to improve selectivity, reaction rate and control while modifying
fiber morphology, color and durable finishes. (Drews) [C01-CL01]
Dyeable Polypropylene via Nanotechnology
We are infusing nanoparticles, such as nanoclays modified with quaternary ammonium salt, into polypropyl-
ene fibers to create dyesites for lower cost dyeings in apparel fibers. (Fan) [C01-MD20]
Thermally Stable Textile Processing Aids
We are developing methodology to predict and improve the thermal stability of textile processing aids, such
as finishes and antistatic and antibacterial additives. (Grant) [C01-NS08]
Biomimicking of Enzymes for Textile Processing
We are developing ways to replace enzyme biocatalysts with simpler compounds that mimic their behavior,
yet increase reaction rate, facilitate the enzymatic process and decrease cost. (Buschle-Diller) [C02-AE02]
Pressure Washing of Textiles to Save Water and Effluent
We are studying the feasibility of using continuous, pulsed and aerated pressure washing of fabrics as a way
to significantly reduce rinse water and effluent. (Gowayed)[C02-AE08]

iv National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

Textiles that Protect Wearers from Biological and Chemical Hazards
We are developing radical grafting polymerization as a way to provide disinfecting and detoxifying agents to
textile surfaces, particularly for self-decontaminating protective clothing. (Sun with Auburn) [C02-CD06]
Textile Ink Jet: Drop Formation and Surface Interaction
We are developing a fundamental understanding of droplet formation and drop/surface interaction in textile
ink jet printing. (Carr with IPST) [C02-GT07]
Biomimetic Decolorization of Mill Effluent
We are building nanofactories from grafted porphyrin-based catalysts and singlet oxygen chemistries to de-
stroy organic material, such as dyes, in textile and carpet mill effluent. (Michielson with Emory) [C02-GT09]
One-Step Fabric Formation and Coloration
We are using cyclodextrins that function simultaneously as warp sizes and latent colorants to combine the
weaving and the ink jet printing steps. (George) [C02-PH03]

Management Systems
Research in the management of sourcing, production, distribution and consumption systems.

New Textile Technologies: Will They Flourish or Perish?

To improve purchasing decisions, we are developing models to predict how new textile technologies will sur-
vive, flourish, diminish and perish versus competitive technologies. (Thomas) [S99-AE02]
When is Domestic Apparel Manufacturing Competitive?
A retailer or manufacturer can use our model to analyze the accuracy of their sales forecast, and determine
how much Quick Response Manufacturing is cost-effective. (Warburton) [S99-MD16]
Information Engineering
We are developing ways to fundamentally enhance the decision effectiveness in textile manufacturing, using
the data-to-decision model as a basis. (Hodge) [S99-NS10]
Educating the Educators
We are developing instructional strategies that expand the abilities of textile graduates in the workplace. (Pas-
tore) [S99-PH01]
Fabric Design and Analysis System in 3-D Virtual Reality
We are developing a 3-D virtual reality fabric design system that uses yarn structural parameters to realisti-
cally predict a fabric's structure and performance before it is made. (Adanur) [S00-AE06]
Automated Garment Development from Body Scan Data
We are creating a conceptual model to automatically integrate body scanning data into commercial
CAD/CAM software to facilitate garment design, derivation and sizing. (Carrere) [S00-NS15]
Haptic Simulation of Fabric Hand
We are developing a virtual reality system that allows users to achieve a virtual sense of touch so they can
evaluate a fabric's hand without actually touching it. (Govindaraj) [S00-PH08]
Web-Based System to Track How Consumers Express Lifestyles
We are researching how consumer constellation theory allows consumers to jointly express desired lifestyles
across product categories, such as apparel and home furnishings. (Solomon) [S01-AC21]
Redefining the Apparel Consumer
We are developing a stable, precise and relevant measure of consumer types based solely on how they acquire
and use clothing and independent of demographics. (Brannon) [S01-AC25]
National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report v
Virtual Fit Models Via Body Scan Analysis
By understanding body scan data, we seek to develop virtual fit models and slopers for mass produced ap-
parel based on body shape, posture and weight distribution. (Connell) [S01-AC27]
How Common Consumer Emotions Affect Global Retailing
We are developing a model which incorporates positive emotional responses (e.g. excitement, pleasure) that
drive global consumers' behavior when shopping for textiles. (Kim) [S01-AC31]
Design-Oriented Fabric Comfort Model
We are developing a "virtual intimacy" measurement of fabric comfort using structural, fuzzy-logic and psy-
chological modeling to replace the traditional intimacy of touch. (El Mogahzy) [S01-AE32]
Using Body Scan Data to Improve Garment Fit
By using body scanning technology to measure the fit of commercial apparel, we are developing a tool that
will help the apparel industry improve their existing sizing systems. (Ashdown) [S01-CR01]
B-to-B Collaboration in a Softgoods E-Supply Chain
Using fuzzy math to capture vague and uncertain factors, we are developing models and prototype tools to es-
tablish B2B collaboration in the global softgoods E-supply chain. (King) [S01-NS01]
Modeling Thermal Protection of Apparel
We are developing models that predict heat transfer through fabrics, air gaps in intense fire environments and
thermal protective properties of industrial and military apparel. (Barker) [S01-NS02]
Constraint Based Coordination of New Product Development
We are combining Theory of Constraints and Speech Act Theory to improve the management of new product
development in textiles and apparel. (Winchester) [S01-NS09]
Emerging Apparel Supply Chain Configurations
We are developing a model that can optimally schedule a process and link the apparel production processes
together to form a supply chain with distinct operating characteristics. (King) [S01-NS10]
3-D Imaging of Fabrics from On-Line Yarn Data
We are developing a control system for electronically imaging the quality attributes of fabric directly from
on-line yarn data. (Suh) [S01-NS12]
On-Line Weight and Shrinkage Control of Cotton Knits
To improve dimensional control during knitting, we are using image technology to design a system that
measures the fractional space covered by a knitted loop. (Abou-iiana) [S01-PH07]
Fuzzy Forecasting Model for Apparel Sales
We are developing models to forecast apparel sales based on fuzzy logic (e.g. neural networks, genetic algo-
rithms), then later introducing endogenous and exogenous variables. (Frank) [S01-PH10]
Optimal Investment Strategies for Enhanced Productivity
To increase our textile industry's market share, we are defining investment strategies that maximize manufac-
turing productivity while satisfying dynamic consumer needs. (Christoffersen) [S01-PH13]
Modeling Consumer Behavior in On-line Environments
We are developing a model to predict adoption of on-line consumer search and purchase behaviors based on
motivations (perceived advantage or benefits) and costs. (Forsythe) [S02-AC23]
Strategic Model for Functional Protective Clothing
We are developing a model based on existing technologies and available materials that optimizes functional
protective clothing designs for firefighters. (Sun) [S02-CD01]

vi National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

Optimizing the Textile Complex Value Chain
By measuring buyer and seller perceptions of value of competing purchase options from country to country,
we are developing value chain models for the textiles complex. (Rucker) [S02-CD02]
Sensory Science: Interactions in Textile Evaluation
We are developing a fundamental understanding of the social, cultural and physical factors that interact to
shape human sensory responses to textiles. (Kaiser with U of Delaware) [S02-CD04]

Guide to NTC Project Numbers (XNN-YYnn) where ...

X = first letter of the competency

NN = last two numbers of the NTC fiscal year (May to April) when the project was first funded
YY = university:AC = Auburn Consumer Affairs, AE = Auburn Textile Engineering (was A)
CL = Clemson (was C)
CD = U Cal-Davis (was E)
CR = Cornell (was B)
GT = Georgia Tech (was G)
MD = U Mass Dartmouth (was D)
PH = Philadelphia U. (was P)
NS = North Carolina State (was S)
nn = number assigned by university to project

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report vii

 Table of Contents
Ordered by Competency............................................................................... i
Materials .......................................................................................................... i
Fabrication ................................................................................................... iii
Chemistry ....................................................................................................... iv
Management Systems ................................................................................. v
Guide to NTC Project Numbers ............................................................... vii
Ordered by Project Management .................................................................. ix
Auburn .............................................................................................................ix
UC Davis ........................................................................................................... x
Clemson ............................................................................................................ x
Cornell .............................................................................................................xi
Georgia Tech .................................................................................................xi
U Mass Dartmouth .................................................................................... xii
North Carolina State .............................................................................. xiii
Philadelphia U. ..........................................................................................xiv
Abbreviations.....................................................................................................xiv
Discontinued Projects since the 2001 NTC Annual Report.............. xv
NTC Directory
Principal Investigators, Operating Board, Site Directors, Staff:
- Bios, Photos, E-mail, etc................................. See ntcresearch.org
Biographies for everyone who has ever been an NTC principal investigator include title, institution, academic
degrees, experience, research interests, E-mail address, telephone number, personal web site address and all
NTC projects they worked on (FY1999-2002 projects renumbered per below).

viii National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

 NTC Research Briefs by Project Management

Auburn University (Consumer Affairs) Management

On-Line Measurement, Analysis and Feedback System

(Solomon with Berry College) ............................................................................................. S01-AC21 (I01-A21)
Validity and Reliability in Measuring the Dimensions of Apparel
Behavior (Brannon)....................................................................................................... S01-AC25 (I01-A25)
Body Scan Analysis for Virtual Fit Models
(Connell with Nottingham Trent, [TC]2, Cornell) ................................................................S01-AC27 (I01-A27)
The Role of Emotion in Success of Global Retailing
(Kim with Dong Hwa, Oklahoma St) ...................................................................................S01-AC31 (I01-A31)
Modeling Consumer Behavior in On-line Environments
(Forsythe) ...............................................................................................................................S02-AC23 (I02-A23)

Auburn University (Engineering) Management

Environmentally Benign Closed-Loop Preparatory Process

(Buschle-Diller with Georgia Tech, NC State, UCalDavis) ............................................ C99-AE07 (C99-A07)
Characterization of Air-Yarn Interface in Air-Jet Weaving
(Adanur) ............................................................................................................................... F99-AE10 (F99-A10)
Developing Fundamental Measures of Cotton Multi-Component Blend-
ing Performance (El Mogahzy with ITT) .............................................................. F99-AE13 (F99-A13)
Bionomic Analysis of Predatory Exclusion of Technologies
(Thomas with VaTech, ITT).................................................................................................. S99-AE02 (I99-A02)
Fabric Design and Analysis System in 3-D Virtual Reality
(Adanur with Georgia Tech) ................................................................................................ S00-AE06 (I00-A06)
Magnetic Ring-Spinning - Revolutionizing the Tradition
(Abdel-Hady) ........................................................................................................................ F01-AE02 (F01-A02)
Developing a Design-Oriented Fabric Comfort Model
(El Mogahzy with Clemson, Georgia Tech, PhilaU) ..........................................................S01-AE32 (I01-A32)
Biomimicking of Enzymes for Textile Processing (Buschle-Diller) C02-AE02 (C02-A02)
Assessment of Continuous, Pulsed and Aerated Washing
(Gowayed with PhilaU) ....................................................................................................... C02-AE08 (C02-A08)

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report ix

University of California at Davis Management

The Chemistry of Functional Finishing: Self-decontaminating Textile

Materials (Sun with Auburn)........................................................................................ C02-CD06 (C02-E06)
A Strategic Model for Functional Protective Clothing (Sun)...........S02-CD01 (I02-E01)
A Model for Optimizing the Textile Complex Value Chain (Rucker)S02-CD02 (I02-E0

Sensory Science: Social and Physical Interactions in Textile Evalua-

tion (Kaiser with U of Delaware) .......................................................................................S02-CD04 (I02-E04)
Transport Phenomena in Fibrous Substrates: Liquid and Solid Inter-
actions (Pan with Cornell)............................................................................................ M02-CD03 (M02-E03)
Immobilization of Biomolecules on Fibers (Hsieh with Natick) .......... M02-CD05 (M02-E05)

Clemson University Management

Biomimetic Manufacturing of Fibers (Ellison) ......................................... M98-CL05 (M98-C05)

Abrasion Resistance of Durable Press Cotton

(Lickfield with Georgia) ..................................................................................................... C00-CL01 (C00-C01)
Intelligent Textiles based on Environmentally Responsive Fibers
(Foulger) ............................................................................................................................. M00-CL07 (M00-C07)
Novel Textile Chemistry for Dense Gas Fluids (Drews with NC State) C01-CL01 (C01-C01)
Nonlinear Dynamics of High Speed Transport for Staple Yarns
(Goswami with U. of Sydney)............................................................................................. F01-CL04 (F01-C04)
Novel Polymeric Optical Fibers, Fiber Amplifiers, and Lasers
(Ballato) ............................................................................................................................ M01-CL01 (M01-CL01)
Hybrid Polymer Nanolayers for Surface Modification of Fibers
(Luzinov with Iowa State) ................................................................................................. M01-CL03 (M01-C03)
Dynamic Color Change Chameleon Fiber Systems
(Gregory with Furman, Georgia Tech).............................................………….................... M01-CL07 (M01-C07)
Biomimetic Manufacturing Of Fibers: Materials Development
(Ellison) ............................................................................................................................... M02-CL04 (M02-C04)
Photonic Crystal-Based Optical Fiber with Active Tunability
(Brown with U of Leeds) .................................................................................................... M02-CL06 (M02-C06)

x National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

 Cornell University Management

"Green" Composites from Cellulose Fabrics & Soy Protein Resin

(Netravali) ............................................................................................................................. F01-CR01 (F01-B01)
Use of Body Scan Data to Design Sizing Systems Based on Target
Markets (Ashdown) ........................................................................................................ S01-CR01 (I01-B01)
Biodegradable Hydrogel-Textile Hybrid for Tissue Engineering
(Chu) ................................................................................................................................... M01-CR01 (M01-B01)
Improving the Understanding and Acceptance of Personal
Protective Equipment (Obendorf) ................................................................... M01-CR02 (M01-B02)

Georgia Institute of Technology Management

Textile Ink Jet Performance and Print Quality Fundamentals

(Carr with InstPaperSci&Tech) ......................................................................................... C99-GT08 (C99-G08)
New Approaches for Biotechnical Production of Polyesters
(May with Auburn) ............................................................................................................. M99-GT11 (M99-G11)
Quantum Dots As Dyes And As Optical Brighteners For Fibers
(Srinivasarao)...................................................................................................................... C00-GT03 (C00-G03)
Analysis and Enhancement of Carding and Spinning
(Wang with Clemson).......................................................................................................... F01-GT06 (F01-G06)
Fundamentals of High Modulus, High Tenacity Melt Spun Fibers
(Michielsen)........................................................................................................................ M01-GT01 (M01-G01)
In-Situ Synchrotron Study during Fiber Processing
(Jacob with SUNY-StoneyBrook, UMass Amherst, Ohio State, Clemson).................. M01-GT04 (M01-G04)
Textile Ink Jet: Drop Formation and Surface Interaction
(Carr with IPST) ...................................................................................................................C02-GT07 (C02-G07)
Color Destruction in Mill Effluent via Biomimetic Methods
(Michielson with Emory) .....................................................................................................C02-GT09 (C02-G09)
Compressive Behavior of Fiber Assemblies (Jacob with DuPont) .....F02-GT04 (F02-G04)

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report xi

University of Massachusetts at Dartmouth Management
When is Domestic Apparel Manufacturing Competitive?
(Warburton with NC State, URI) ......................................................................................... S99-MD16 (I99-D16)
Substrate-Coating Interaction in Coated Fabrics
(Chen, UMass Lowell, with UMassD, Georgia Tech, UCal-Davis) ... .............................. F00-MD06 (F00-D06)
Development of Bio-Active Fabrics (Fowler with Harvard) ..................... M00-MD03 (M00-D03)
Nanocomposite Fibers (Kim with Arizona)........................................................ M00-MD08 (M00-D08)
Dyeable Polypropylene via Nanotechnology (Fan with UNL) ............ C01-MD20 (C01-D20)
Electrostatic Spinning and Properties of Ultrafine Fibers
(Rutledge, M.I.T., with UMassD)....................................................................................... M01-MD22 (M01-D22)
Nano Engineered Fire Resistant Composite Fibers
(Patra with Auburn) ............................................................................................................M02-MD08 (M02-D08)

xii National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

 North Carolina State University Management

Fundamental Dye Diffusion and Surface Treatment of Fiber

(Tonelli with Clemson, Georgia Tech, LSU) ......... ........................................................... C99-NS04 (C99-S04)
A Novel Non-Aqueous Fabric Finishing Process (McCord) ..... C99-NS09 (C99-S09)

Fiber Motion and Yarn Forming in High Speed Air Flows

(Oxenham with Loughborough Univ., South India Textile Research Association and
China Textile Univ.) ............................................................................................................ F99-NS06 (F99-S06)
Information Engineering: Textile Industry's Value-Adding Key To
Effective Decision-Making (Hodge with ITT) ................................................... S99-NS10 (I99-S10)
Automated Garment Development from Body Scan Data
(Carrere) ................................................................................................................................ S00-NS15 (I00-S15)
Improving the Thermal Stability of Textile Processing Aids
(Grant).................................................................................................................................. C01-NS08 (C01-S08)
Applications of Micromachines in Fabric Formation (Seyam)....... F01-NS14 (F01-S14)
Business-to-Business Collaboration in a Softgoods E-Supply Chain
(King) ..................................................................................................................................... S01-NS01 (S01-I01)
Modeling of Thermal Protection Outfits for Fire Exposures
(Barker).................................................................................................................................. S01-NS02 (I01-S02)
Combining Theory of Constraints and Speech Act Theory for
Constraint Based Coordination of New Product Development
(Winchester).......................................................................................................................... S01-NS09 (I01-S09)
Emerging Apparel Supply Chain Configurations (King) .................... S01-NS10 (I01-S10)
3-D Electronic Imaging of Fabric Qualities by On-Line Yarn Data
(Suh with Shenkar College-Israel) ...................................................................................... S01-NS12 (I01-S12)
Lewis Acid-Base Complexation of Polyamides (Tonelli with TRI). M01-NS03 (M01-S03)

Development of Layered Functional Fiber-based Mico-tubes

(Ghosh with Air Force research) ........................................................................................ F02-NS05 (F02-S05)
3D Virtual Draping with Fabric Mechanics and Body Scan Data (May-
Plumlee with TC2) ................................................................................................................. F02-NS08 (F02-S08)
Polymers Processed with Cyclodextrin Inclusion Compounds
T
(Tonelli)................................................................................................................................ M02-NS01 (M02-S01)

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report xiii

 Philadelphia University Management

Educating the Educators (Pastore) ..................................................................... S99-PH01 (I99-P01)

COS and HTS Design of High-Performance, Nontoxic Chemicals
for Textiles (Bhat) ....................................................................................................... C00-PH01 (C00-P01)
Architectural Fabric Structures: Exploration, Modelling and
Implementation (Messinger) .................................................................................... F00-PH01 (F00-P01)
Engineered Non-Linear Elastic Blended Fabrics
(Pastore with Auburn)......................................................................................................... F00-PH05 (F00-P05)
Haptic Simulation of Fabric Hand
(Govindaraj with Rutgers,California State Polytechnic) .................................................. S00-PH08 (I00-P08)
On Line Weight and Shrinkage Control of Cotton Knits
(Abou-iiana with Auburn) .................................................................................................... S01-PH07 (I01-P07)
A Fuzzy Forecasting Model for Women's Casual Sales
(Frank with California State Polytechnic Univ) ................................................................. S01-PH10 (I01-P10)
Optimal Investment Strategies for Enhanced Productivity
(Christoffersen) .................................................................................................................... S01-PH13 (I01-P13)
Integration of Fabric Formation and Coloration (George)................. C02-PH03 (C02-P03)

Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are not always defined in articles.

Auburn (AE, AC): University of Auburn,
Auburn AL 36849 [E=TE;C=Consumer]
Chem Eng: Chemical Engineering
CivE: Civil Engineering
Clemson (CL): Clemson University,
Clemson SC 29634
Cornell (CR): Cornell University, Ithica
NY 14853
dpf: denier per filament
ESR: electron spin resonance
Fib: Fiber
FTIR: Fourier Transform Infrared
Georgia Tech (GT): Georgia Institute of
Technology, Atlanta GA 30332
IPST or InstPaperSci&Tech: Institute of
Paper Science &Technology
ITT: Institute of Textile Technology,
Charlottesville VA 22903-4614
LSU: Louisiana State University
MAE: Mechanical and Aerospace Engi-
neering
ME: Mechanical Engineering
M.I.T.: Mass. Inst. of Technology
NC State (NS): North Carolina State
University, Raleigh NC 27695
NMR: nuclear magnetic resonance
PET: poly(ethylene terephthalate)
PhiladelphiaU (PH): Philadelphia Uni-
versity, Philadelphia PA 19144
Poly Sci: Polymer Science
TAM: Textile and Apparel Management
[TC]2:Textile/Clothing Technology Corp
TE: Textile Engineering
Tex: Textile
TexE: Textile Engineering
TFE: Textile and Fiber Engineering
TFPS: Textile, Fiber & Polymer Science
TRI: Textile Research Institute (Princeton
NJ 08542)
UAB: Univ. of Alabama-Birmingham
UC-Davis (CD): University of California –
Davis, Davis CA 95616-8722
UD: University of Delaware
UG: University of Georgia
UNC-G: University of North Carolina at
Greenville
UMassD (D): University of Massachusetts
at Dartmouth MA 02747
UNL: University of Nebraska at Lincoln
UNO: University of New Orleans
UofPA: University of Pennsylvania
U of Tenn: University of Tennessee
URI: Univ. of Rhode Island

xiv National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report

 Discontinued Projects
[ordered by University, then competency, then year]

The following NTC projects were discontinued because they successfully completed their maximum three-year life span (or
one-year for seed projects) or because other research was of higher priority. For their last report, see the NTC website at
http://www.ntcresearch.org, the June 2001 NTC Research Briefs or the November 2001 NTC Annual Report.
You may also contact the principal investigators whose phone numbers and E-mail addresses are listed therein.
New projects often grew out of completed projects (See the notes following the listings below for any new projects).

Textiles Having the Ability to Deliver Reactive Chemical Systems

(Broughton with Georgia Tech, UCal-Davis) ....................................................................................... C98-A17
Building Global Textile & Apparel Brand Image Strategies: A Cross
National Model (Forsythe with Sandia)........................................................................................ I98-A06
Interactive Cohort Analysis: An On-Line Panel of "Baby Boom" Con-
sumers Anticipating Their Retirement Years (Ulrich) .......................................... I98-A07
Understanding Fitting Preferences of Female Customers:
Development an Expert System to Enhance Accurate Sizing Selec-
tion (Connell with UNC-Greensboro, Nottingham Trent, [TC]2) ....................................................... I98-A08
Agent-Based Simulation of the Consumer's Apparel Purchase Deci-
sion (Brannon)....................................................................................................................................... I98-A09
Methodology to Assess Design Preferences of Lead Users
(Solomon with Berry College) [see S01-AC21] .................................................................................... I00-A16
Development of Chain Orientation During Deformation of Semi-Solid
Polymers (Broughton with NC State) ............................................................................................ M98-A04
Photoadaptive Fibers For Textile Materials (Slaten)................................................ M98-A10
Intelligent, Stimuli-Sensitive Fibers and Fabrics (Buschle-Diller with NC State) M98-A16
Improved Fiber Hydroentanglement Using Pulsed Elliptical Jets
(Ellison) - No 2001 Annual Report Submitted (see 2001 Research Briefs) ....................................... F98-C04
Chameleon Fibers: Dynamic Color Change From Tunable Molecular
and Oligomeric Devices (Gregory with Georgia Tech, Furman) [see M01-CL07] .......... M98-C01
Ultra-thick Cross Section Fiber Reinforced Composites (Kim) ...................... F98-D04
A Fundamental Investigation of the Formation and Properties of
Electrospun Fibers (Rutledge, M.I.T., with UMassD) [see M01-MD22] ............................... M98-D01
High Stress Elastic Materials (Chen, UMass Lowell, with UMassD)................................ M98-D03
Analysis of Fiber-Particle-Airflow Interaction and Its Application to the
Development of a Novel Card-Spinning System (Wang with Clemson) ........... F98-G15
Draw Induced Morphology Development and Fiber Architecture
(Jacob with Ohio State, TRI) ................................................................................................................. M98-G05
Molecular Spinnerets for Polymeric Fibers (Jacob with Oak Ridge) ..................... M98-G08

National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report xv

Braided Hybrid Composites for Bridge Repair (Pastore with Drexel)
No 2001 Annual Report Submitted (see 2001 Research Briefs).......................................................... F98-P01
Use of Artificial Intelligence in Designing Dyes, Chemical Auxiliaries,
Polymers and Textile Fibers (Sztandera) ....................... .................................................... I98-P01
Physically Based Fabric Drape Models as Tools for Computer-Aided
Design of Apparel and Other Textile Structures (Govindaraj) .......... .................. I98-P02
Delivering Additives Embedded in Textile Fibers and Polymers
(Tonelli with Clemson) ............................................................................................................................ C98-S01
Simultaneous Dyeing and Finishing (Freeman) ............................................................. C98-S04
Chemistry and Transport in Super and Sub-Critical Fluids
(Drews with NC State) [see C01-CL01] ............................................................................................... C99-C03
Automated Three Dimensional Fabric Part Handling (Eischen with Clemson) F98-S04
A Novel Approach for Measurement of Fiber-on-Fiber Friction
(Qiu with Cotton Inc, Georgia Tech) ..................................................................................................... F98-S09
Micromachine Based Fabric Formation Systems (Hodge) [see F01-NS14]....... F98-S12

Integrated Supply Chain Analysis and Decision Support

(Berkstresser) [see S01-NS01]............................................................................................................... I98-S01
Demand Systems Approach to Prediction of Textile and Apparel
Demands Under Dynamic Social Trends (Suh) ......................................................... I98-S06

Analysis of Apparel Production Systems to Support

Quick Response Replenishment (King with [TC]2) ........................................................ I98-S12

xvi National Textile Center 2002 Annual Report