Construction Project Management Linear Programming

Shaibal Ahmed AUST - CE - 090!0"0#9

$n order to ensure o%timal health &and thus accurate test results'( a lab technician needs to )eed the rabbits a dail* diet
containing a minimum o) !# grams &g' o) )at( "+ g o) carboh*drates( and # g o) %rotein ,ut the rabbits should be )ed no
more than )i-e ounces o) )ood a da* .ather than order rabbit )ood that is custom-blended( it is chea%er to order /ood 0
and /ood 1( and blend them )or an o%timal mi2 /ood 0 contains 3 g o) )at( 4! g o) carboh*drates( and ! g o) %rotein
%er ounce( and costs 50!0 %er ounce /ood 1 contains 4! g o) )at( 4! g o) carboh*drates( and 4 g o) %rotein %er ounce(
at a cost o) 50"0 %er ounce
6hat is the o%timal blend7
Since the e2ercise is as8ing )or the number o) ounces o) each )ood re9uired )or the o%timal dail* blend( m* -ariables
:ill stand )or the number o) ounces o) each;
2; number o) ounces o) /ood 0
*; number o) ounces o) /ood 1
Since $ can<t use negati-e amounts o) either )ood( the )irst t:o constrains are the usual ones; 2 = 0 and * = 0
The other constraints come )rom the grams o) )at( carboh*drates( and %rotein %er ounce;
)at; 32 > 4!* = !#
carbs; 4!2 > 4!* = "+
%rotein; !2 > 4* = #
Also( the ma2imum :eight o) the )ood is )i-e ounces( so;
2 > * ? @
A calculator com%an* %roduces a scienti)ic calculator and a gra%hing calculator Long-term %rojections indicate an
e2%ected demand o) at least 400 scienti)ic and 30 gra%hing calculators each da* ,ecause o) limitations on %roduction
ca%acit*( no more than !00 scienti)ic and 4A0 gra%hing calculators can be made dail* To satis)* a shi%%ing contract( a
total o) at least !00 calculators much be shi%%ed each da* $) each scienti)ic calculator sold results in a 5! loss( but each
gra%hing calculator %roduces a 5@ %ro)it( ho: man* o) each t*%e should be made dail* to ma2imiBe net %ro)its7
The 9uestion as8s )or the o%timal number o) calculators( so m* -ariables :ill stand )or that;
2; number o) scienti)ic calculators %roduced
*; number o) gra%hing calculators %roduced
Since the* can<t %roduce negati-e numbers o) calculators( $ ha-e the t:o constraints( 2 = 0 and * = 0
,ut in this case( $ can ignore these constraints( because 2 = 400 and * = 30
The e2ercise also gi-es ma2imums; 2 ? !00 and * ? 4A0
The minimum shi%%ing re9uirement 2 > * = !00C in other :ords( * = 2 > !00
The re-enue relation :ill be m* o%timiBation e9uation; . D !2 > @*
So the entire s*stem is;
. D !2 > @*( subject to;
400 ? 2 ? !00( 30 ? * ? 4A0 ( * = 2 > !00
1ou need to bu* some )iling cabinets 1ou 8no: that Cabinet 0 costs 540 %er unit( re9uires si2 s9uare )eet o) )loor
s%ace( and holds eight cubic )eet o) )iles Cabinet 1 costs 5!0 %er unit( re9uires eight s9uare )eet o) )loor s%ace( and
holds t:el-e cubic )eet o) )iles 1ou ha-e been gi-en 54#0 )or this %urchase( though *ou don<t ha-e to s%end that much
The o))ice has room )or no more than A! s9uare )eet o) cabinets Eo: man* o) :hich model should *ou bu*( in order
to ma2imiBe storage -olume7 The 9uestion as8 )or the number o) cabinets $ need to bu*( so m* -ariables :ill stand )or
that;
2; number o) model 0 cabinets %urchased
*; number o) model 1 cabinets %urchased
Faturall*( 2 = 0 and * = 0
:hile ma2imiBing the storage -olume( so costs and )loor s%ace :ill be m* constraints( :hile -olume :ill be m*
o%timiBation e9uation
cost; 402 > !0* ? 4#0( or * ? & 4G! '2 > A
s%ace; +2 > 3* ? A!( or * ? & "G# '2 > 9
-olume; H D 32 > 4!*
At a certain re)iner*( the re)ining %rocess re9uires the %roduction o) at least t:o gallons o) gasoline )or each gallon o)
)uel oil To meet the antici%ated demands o) :inter( at least three million gallons o) )uel oil a da* :ill need to be
%roduced The demand )or gasoline( on the other hand( is not more than +# million gallons a da* $) gasoline is selling
)or 5490 %er gallon and )uel oil sells )or 54@0Ggal( ho: much o) each should be %roduced in order to ma2imiBe
re-enue7
The 9uestion as8s )or the number o) gallons :hich should be %roduced( so $ should let m* -ariables stand )or Igallons
%roducedI
2; gallons o) gasoline %roduced
*; gallons o) )uel oil %roduced
2 = 0 and * = 0
Since $ ha-e to ha-e at least t:o gallons o) gas )or e-er* gallon o) oil( then
2 = !*
. D 492 > 4@*( subject to;
2 = 0
2 ? +(#00(000
* = "(000(000
* ? & 4G! '2
/red<s Co))ee sells t:o blends o) beans; 1usi% ,lend and E2otic ,lend 1usi% ,lend is one-hal) Costa .ican beans and
one-hal) Ethio%ian beans E2otic ,lend is one-9uarter Costa .ican beans and three-9uarters Ethio%ian beans Pro)it on
the 1usi% ,lend is 5"@0 %er %ound( :hile %ro)it on the E2otic ,lend is 5#00 %er %ound Each da* /red recei-es a
shi%ment o) !00 %ounds o) Costa .ican beans and ""0 %ounds o) Ethio%ian beans to use )or the t:o blends Eo: man*
%ounds o) each blend should be %re%ared each da* to ma2imiBe %ro)it7 6hat is the ma2imum %ro)it7
let 2 D number o) %ounds o) *usi% blend
let * D number o) %ounds o) e2otic blend
%ro)it e9uation is;
%ro)it D "@2 > #*
set u% a table as )ollo:s;
costa rican ethio%ean
*usi% blend @ @
e2otic blend !@ A@
constraint e9uations are;
2 =D 0
* =D 0
@2 > !@* ?D !00
@2 > A@* ?D ""0
The Ma%%le store sells Ma%%le com%uters and %rinters The com%uters are shi%%ed in 4!-cubic-)oot bo2es and %rinters
in 3-cubic-)oot bo2es The Ma%%le store estimates that at least "0 com%uters can be sold each month and that the
number o) com%uters sold :ill be at least @0J more than the number o) %rinters The com%uters cost the store 54000
each and are sold )or a %ro)it o) 54000 The %rinters cost 5"00 each and are sold )or a %ro)it o) 5"@0 The store has a
storeroom that can hold 4000 cubic )eet and can s%end 5A0(000 each month on com%uters and %rinters Eo: man
com%uters and ho: man* %rinters should be sold each month to ma2imiBe %ro)it7 6hat is the ma2imum %ro)it7
let 2 D number o) com%uters
let * D number o) %rinters
%ro)it e9uation is;
%ro)it D 40002 > "@0*
constraint e9uations are;
2 =D 0
* =D 0
2 =D "0 &minimum number o) com%uters sold each month'
2 =D 4@* &ratio o) com%uters to %rinters'
4!2 > 3* ?D 4000 &storage a-ailable'
40002 > "00* ?D A0(000 &amount o) mone* a-ailable to s%end'
The A%%liance ,arn has !#00 cubic )eet o) storage s%ace )or re)rigerators Large re)rigerators come in +0-cubic-)oot
%ac8ing crates and small re)rigerators come in #0-cubic-)oot crates Large re)rigerators can be sold )or a 5!@0 %ro)it
and the smaller ones can be sold )or 54@0 %ro)it Eo: man* o) each t*%e o) re)rigerator should be sold to ma2imiBe
%ro)it and :hat is the ma2imum %ro)it i);
At least @0 re)rigerators must be sold each month
At least #0 re)rigerators must be sold each month
There are no restrictions on :hat must be sold
let 2 D number o) large re)rigerators
let * D number o) small re)rigerators
%ro)it e9uation is;
!@02 > 4@0*
constraint e9uations are;
+02 > #0* ?D !#00 &storage'
2 > * =D @0 &%art a minimum sold'( 2 > * =D #0 &%art b minimum sold'
Shannon<s Chocolates %roduces semis:eet chocolate chi%s and mil8 chocolate chi%s at its %lants in 6ichita( KS and
Moore( LK The 6ichita %lant %roduces "000 %ounds o) semis:eet chi%s and !000 %ounds o) mil8 chocolate chi%s
each da* at a cost o) 54000( :hile the Moore %lant %roduces 4000 %ounds o) semis:eet chi%s and +000 %ounds o) mil8
chocolate chi%s each da* at a cost o) 54@00 Shannon has an order )rom /ood ,o2 Su%ermar8ets )or at least "0(000
%ounds o) semis:eet chi%s and +0(000 %ounds o) mil8 chocolate chi%s Eo: should Shannon schedule its %roduction so
that it can )ill the order at minimum cost7 6hat is the minimum cost7
let 2 D number o) da*s o) %roduction at :ichita %lant
let * D number o) da*s o) %roduction at moore %lant
cost e9uation is;
cost D 40002 > 4@00*
semis:eet mil8
6ichita "000 !000
moore 4000 +000
constraint e9uations are;
2 =D 0( * =D 0
"0002 > 4000* =D "0(000
!0002 > +000* =D +0(000
A com%an* manu)actures and sells t:o models o) lam%s( L4 and L! To manu)acture each lam%( the manual :or8
in-ol-ed in model L4 is !0 minutes and )or L!( "0 minutes The mechanical &machine' :or8 in-ol-ed )or L4 is !0
minutes and )or L!( 40 minutes The manual :or8 a-ailable %er month is 400 hours and the machine is limited to onl*
30 hours %er month Kno:ing that the %ro)it %er unit is 54@ and 540 )or L4 and L!( res%ecti-el*( determine the
9uantities o) each lam% that should be manu)actured to obtain the ma2imum bene)it
2 D number o) lam%s L4 * D number o) lam%s L!
objecti-e )unction
)&2( *' D 4@2 > 40*
constraints
!0 min D 4G" h "0 min D 4G! h 40 min D 4G+ h
4G"2 > 4G!* M 400
4G"2 > 4G+* M 30
2 N 0 * N 0
A trans%ort com%an* has t:o t*%es o) truc8s( T*%e A and T*%e , T*%e A has a re)rigerated ca%acit* o) !0 m" and a
non-re)rigerated ca%acit* o) #0 m" :hile T*%e , has the same o-erall -olume :ith e9ual sections )or re)rigerated and
non-re)rigerated stoc8 A grocer needs to hire truc8s )or the trans%ort o) "(000 m" o) re)rigerated stoc8 and #(000 m" o)
non-re)rigerated stoc8 The cost %er 8ilometer o) a T*%e A is 5"0( and 5#0 )or T*%e , Eo: man* truc8s o) each t*%e
should the grocer rent to achie-e the minimum total cost7
2 D T*%e A truc8s
* D T*%e , truc8s
objecti-e )unction
)&2(*' D "02 > #0*
constraints
!02 > "0* D " 000
#02 > "0* D # 000
2 D 0 ( * D 0
A school is %re%aring a tri% )or #00 students The com%an* :ho is %ro-iding the trans%ortation has 40 buses o) @0 seats
each and 3 buses o) #0 seats( but onl* has 9 dri-ers a-ailable The rental cost )or a large bus is 5300 and 5+00 )or the
small bus Calculate ho: man* buses o) each t*%e should be used )or the tri% )or the least %ossible cost
2 D small buses * D big buses
objecti-e )unction
)&2( *' D +002 > 300*
constraints
#02 > @0* D #00
2 > * D 9
2 D 0( * D 0
A store :ants to li9uidate !00 o) its shirts and 400 %airs o) %ants )rom last season The* ha-e decided to %ut together
t:o o))ers( A and , L))er A is a %ac8age o) one shirt and a %air o) %ants :hich :ill sell )or 5"0 L))er , is a %ac8age
o) three shirts and a %air o) %ants( :hich :ill sell )or 5@0 The store does not :ant to sell less than !0 %ac8ages o) L))er
A and less than 40 o) L))er , Eo: man* %ac8ages o) each do the* ha-e to sell to ma2imiBe the mone* generated )rom
the %romotion7
2 D number o) %ac8ages o) L))er A
* D number o) %ac8ages o) L))er
objecti-e )unction
)&2( *' D "02 > @0*
constraints
A , Minimal
Shirts 4 " !00
Pants 4 4 400
2 > "* D !00
2 > * D 400
2 D !0 ( * D 40
Ln a chic8en )arm( the %oultr* is gi-en a health* diet to gain :eight The chic8ens ha-e to consume a minimum o) 4@
units o) Substance A and another 4@ units o) Substance , $n the mar8et there are onl* t:o classes o) com%ounds; T*%e
0( :ith a com%osition o) one unit o) A to )i-eunits o) ,( and another t*%e( 1( :ith a com%osition o) )i-e units o) A to
one o) , The %rice o) T*%e 0 is 540 and T*%e 1( 5"0 6hat are the 9uantities o) each t*%e o) com%ound that ha-e to
be %urchased to co-er the needs o) the diet :ith a minimal cost7
2 D 0
* D 1
objecti-e )unction
)&2(*' D 402 > "0*
constraints
0 1 Minimal
A 4 @ 4@
, @ 4 4@
2 > @* D 4@
@2 > * D 4@
2 D 0 (* D 0
There is onl* +00 milograms o) a certain drug that is needed to ma8e both large and small %ills )or small scale
%harmaceutical distribution The large tablets :eigh #0 milograms and the small ones( "0 milograms Consumer
research determines that at least t:ice the amount o) the smaller tablets are needed than the large ones and there needs
to be at least three large tablets made Each large tablet is sold )or a %ro)it o) 5! and the small tablet( 54 Eo: man*
tablets o) each t*%e ha-e to be %re%ared to obtain the ma2imum %ro)it7
2 D Large tablets
* D Small tablets
objecti-e )unction
)&2( *' D !2 > *
constraints
#02 > "0* D +00
2 D " * D !2
2 D 0 ( * D 0
2 =D 40
2(* =D 0