BAHASA RAKITAN

(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

SISTEM BILANGAN :
1. Sistem Bilangan Desimal (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) → tidak dibahas lagi
2. Sistem Bilangan Biner
3. Sistem Bilangan Oktal
4. Sistem Bilangan Hexadesimal → paling banyak dipakai di Bhs. Rakitan

1. SISTEM BILANGAN DESIMAL

Jumlahnya ada 10 yaitu dari 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, dan 9 → tidak dibahas lagi

2. SISTEM BILANGAN BINER

Yaitu terdiri dari 2 bit bilangan / karakter 0 dan 1
Contoh :
1 0 1 1 = 11
Satuan 1 x 20 = 1
Puluhan 1 x 21 = 2 1 + 2 + 0 + 8 = 11
Ratusan
Ribuan
0 x 22 = 0
1 x 23 = 8

9 Penambahan Bilangan Biner

Bil. I Bil. II Hasil
1 0 1
0 1 1
1 1 0 Carry 1 (menyimpan 1)
0 0 0
Contoh 1 : Contoh 2 :
1 1 1 1 1 Carry 1 1 1 1 1 Carry
1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1
1 1 1 1 + 1 1 1 1 1 +
1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0

BYTE :
1 byte = 8 bit
1111 1111 Inilah yang dimaksud 8 bit
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
2222 2222
= 27 . 1 + 26 . 1 + 25 . 1 + 24 . 1 + 23 . 1 + 22 . 1 + 21 . 1 + 20 . 1
= 128 + 64 + 32 + 16 + 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 = 255

Range Positifnya adalah : 0 ... s/d ... 255

Range Negatifnya adalah : -128 ... s/d ... 127

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

9 Pengurangan Bilangan Biner

Bil. I Bil. II Hasil

1 0 1
0 0 0
1 1 0
0 1 1 Borrow 1 (meminjam 1)

Contoh :
1 1 1 1 Borrow 0 – 1 tidak bisa, jadi pinjam
1 1 1 0 0 0 (borrow) bit sesudah / depannya
1 0 1 1 1 - satu.
1 0 0 0 0 1 Misal dalam desimal :

Untuk contoh ini jadinya : 1

= 1 x 21 = 2 1 7 = 1 x 101 = 10
= 2+0=2 9 - = 10 + 7 = 17
=2–1=1 8 = 17 – 9 = 8

9 Perkalian Bilangan Biner

Bil. I Bil. II Hasil
0 0 0
1 0 0
0 1 0
1 1 1

Contoh :
1
1 1 0 1
1 1 1 0 x
0 0 0 0 lanjut dg rumus penjumlahan
1 1 0 1
1 1 0 1
1 1 0 1 +
1 0 1 1 0 1 1 0

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

3. SISTEM BILANGAN OKTAL

Mempunyai 8 karakter, yaitu 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, dan 7
Biasanya dalam soal juga diberi simbol 8

9 Penambahan Bilangan Oktal

Contoh :
1 1 1 1 4 + 7 = 11 – 8 = 3 (Carry 1)
7 6 5 4 simbol Bil. Oktal
2 7 5 7 (8) + Dikurangi karena lewat
1 2 6 3 3 dari 8 karakter

5 + 1 (carry 1) = 6 + 5 = 11 – 8
= 3 (carry1 )
6 + 1 (carry1 ) = 7 + 7 = 14 – 8
= 6 (carry 1)
7 + 1 = 8 + 2 = 10 – 8
= 2 (carry 1)

9 Pengurangan Bilangan Oktal

Contoh 1 :
6 7 2 0 1 1
2 5 7 5 7 6-
4 1 2 2 1 3

Rincian : br = borrow

1 +1br = 1 + 8 = 9
9–6=3

1 - 1br = 1 + 1br = 1 + 8 = 9 – 1br = 8

8–7=1

0 – 1br = 0 + 1br = 0 + 8 = 8 – 1br = 7

7–5=2

2 – 1br = 2 + 1br = 2 + 8 = 10 – 1br = 9

9–7=2

7 – 1br = 6
6–5

6–2=4

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

Contoh 2 :

7 2 5 1 0 2
1 6 4 6 5 7
2 1 7 5 4 6-
3 2 0 4 5 5

Rincian :
br = borrow
2 + 1br = 2 + 8 = 10
10 – 7 = 3 + 1br = 3 + 8 = 11 – 6 = 5

0 – 2br = 0 + 1br = 0 + 8 = 8 – 2br = 6

6 – 5 = 1 + 1br = 1 + 8 = 9 – 4 = 5

1 – 2br = 1 + 1br = 1 + 8 = 9 – 2br = 7

7 – 6 = 1 + 1br = 1 + 8 = 9 – 5 = 4

5 – 2br = 5 + 1br = 5 + 8 = 13 – 2br = 11

11 – 4 = 7 – 7 = 0

2 – 1br = 2 + 1br = 2 + 8 = 10 – 1br = 9

9–6=3–1=2

7 – 1br = 6
6–1=5–2=3

9 Perkalian Bilangan Oktal (akan dijabarkan pada pertemuan berikutnya)

To be continue ...

4. SISTEM BILANGAN HEXADESIMAL

Mempunyai 16 Karakter bilangan yaitu :

0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, F

10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

9 Penambahan Bilangan Hexadesimal

Contoh :

9 1 C A F B
F 5 8 7 6 B
3 9 F C B A +
1 C 1 4 F 2 0
Hexadesimal
Rincian :
B(11) + B(11) = 22 + A(10) = 32 – 16 = 16 (cerry 1)
16 – 16 = 0 (cerry 1)

2 + F(15) = 17 + 6 = 23 + B(11) = 34 – 16 = 18 (cerry 1)

18 – 16 = 2 (cerry 1)

2 + A(10) = 12 + 7 = 19 + C(12) = 31 – 16 = 15 (cerry 1)

1 + C(12) = 13 + 8 = 21 + F(15) = 36 – 16 = 20 (cerry 1)

20 – 16 = 4 (cerry 1)

2 + 1 = 3 + 5 = 8 + 9 = 17 – 16 = 1 (cerry 1)

1 + 9 = 10 + F(15) = 25 + 3 = 28 – 16 = 12 (cerry 1)

9 Pengurangan Bilangan Hexadesimal

Contoh :
Rincian : br = borrow
F 4 C 1 3
4 9 A B F 3 + 1br (16) = 19 – F(15) = 4 + 1br (16) = 20
3 6 B D E - 20 – E(14) = 6
6 E 5 7 6 1 + 1br (16) = 17 – 2br = 15 - B (11) = 4 + 1br (16) = 20
20 – D(13) = 7
C(12) – A(10) = 2 – 2br = 0 + 1br (16) = 16
16 – B(11) = 5
4 + 1br (16) = 20
20 – 6 = 14
F (15) – 4 = 11 – 2br = 9 – 3 = 6

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

KONVERSI SISTEM BILANGAN

1. Konversi Bilangan Biner ke Desimal

Contoh : Simbol Bilangan Biner
1 1 0 1 1 1(2) = 55(10)
Simbol Bilangan Desimal
Cara :

= 1 . 25 + 1 . 24 +1 . 23 +1 . 22 +1 . 21 +1 . 20 . adalah kali ( x )
= 32 + 16 + 0 + 4 + 2 + 1
= 55

2. Konversi Bilangan Desimal ke Biner

Contoh :
47(10) = 1 0 1 1 1 1 (2)
Desimal Biner
Caranya :

47 23 sisa 1
23 2 11 sisa 1 Dibalik menjadi 1 0 1 1 1 1
11 2 5 sisa 1
5 2 2 sisa 1
2 2 1 sisa 0
1 2 0 sisa 1

3. Konversi Bilangan Biner ke Oktal

3 bit bilangan Biner menjadi 1 bit bilangan Oktal

Contoh :
1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1(2) = 271(8) = 185(10)
Simbol Bilangan Oktal
Caranya :
0 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1

20 421 001

2 7 1

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

4. Konversi Bilangan Biner ke Hexadesimal

4 bit bilangan Biner menjadi 1 bit bilangan Hexadesimal

Contoh :
1 1 0 1 1 0(2) = 6D(16) = 109(10)
Simbol Bilangan Hexadesimal
0110 1 1 0 1

0+4+2+0 8+4+0+1

6 13

6D

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 BAHASA RAKITAN
(Catatan Kuliah 15 November 2009 )

PR

1). (a) Pengurangan Bilangan Biner.

1010000
111111 -

(b) Pengurangan Bilangan Biner

1101100
101111 -

(c) Perkalian Bilangan Biner

1110110
111011 x

2). (a) Penambahan Bilangan Oktal

5 4 7 6 5
4 7 7 5 6
3 6 7 7 2 +

(b) Pengurangan Bilangan Oktal

6 5 4 0 0 1
3 4 5 7 6 7
1 7 3 7 7 6 -

[ Terima kasih \

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