Program Booklet Ismoa 2009

th
7 International Symposium on
Modern Optics and Its Applications
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group
Institut Teknologi Bandung
Department of Physics
Padjadjaran University
ISMOA 2009
Bandung, 10 - 14 August 2009
Preface from the Organizing Committee
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It is truly a blessing that we are still able to hold the 7 International Symposium on Modern
Optics and Its Applications (ISMOA) 2009 as planned amidst one of the most severe global
economic crisis of all time. The situation was even further aggravated by the adverse effect of
the recent tragic bombing in Jakarta. Needless to say, the successful realization of this event
should be attributed to a large extent to the strong and consistent commitment of all our
speakers, especially our distinguished invited speakers, who have come a long way to this
meeting.
In fact, it is a pleasure to note that despite the difficult unfavourable situation mentioned
above, this meeting witness a roughly the same total number of speakers with 16 invited
speakers and 47 contributing speakers. Among the invited speakers, 5 are OSA Fellows. In
particular, Prof. I.C. Khoo is designated as OSA representative and awarded as travelling
lecturer to this meeting. The near 15% increase of contributing speakers can be regarded as an
indication of growing research interest in the field in Indonesia and some neighbouring
countries which are homes of most of the contributing speakers. We further note that apart
from the more traditional topics on nonlinear optics and photonic devices for ICT and
sensing applications, presentation by contributing speakers on more eye catching research
topics on photonic crystals as well as nano-optics, surface Plasmon and nano structured
materials, even metamaterials, for wide ranging applications, will also make their marks in
the meeting. Many of these presentations feature authorships of mixed nationalities,
indicative of fruitful international research collaborations. Given those encouraging signs, it
is perhaps not unreasonable to say that researches in modern optics and its applications in this
part of the world are steadily coming of age and poised to join the main stream of international
research activities. We hope that this symposium will further foster the existing international
scientific network as well as research collaboration and continue to bring the regional
research activities to a higher scientific level.
It goes without saying that this event would not have been made possible without the
generous contributions of a number of sponsors as listed on the back cover page. But we
would like to express our special appreciation to Institut Teknologi Bandung, the Abdus
Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) and the Optical Society of
America (OSA) for endorsement and travel support for Prof. I.C. Khoo.
For the Organizing Committee
Prof. May On Tjia, Ph.D.
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ISMOA 2009
Welcoming Address from the Rector of Institut Teknologi Bandung
It is a great pleasure for me, on behalf of Institut Teknologi Bandung, to welcome you to
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Institut Teknologi Bandung for your participation in the 7 International Symposium on
Modern Optics and Its Applications. I would also like to take this opportunity to thank you for
your continued interests and contributions, which show that you share with us the conviction
on the benefits of this meeting for scientific exchanges and communication. In particular, to
the distinguished invited speakers, I would like to express my great appreciation for your role
in promoting this meeting to a reputable international level. For our students, young scientists
and engineers, this forum has undoubtedly provided an unusual opportunity to be acquainted
with the active and distinguished researchers as well as learning from them the latest research
results in the field of modern optics.
I understand that optics as one of the oldest branches of physics and sciences has evolved
continuously to serve the needs of the scientific and technological communities, as well as the
human welfare in general. Its recent advances have even played the central roles in the
discoveries of a large variety of new phenomena supporting the development of novel
applications ranging from photonic science and technology for applications in high speed and
high capacity optical communication and information processing (ICT) to nano optics,
plasmonics and nano biophotonics for scientific and bio-medical applications. In keeping
with these developments, we are happy to play host to this symposium which we believe will
not only stimulate the study and research of this broad subject, but also pave the way for
fruitful international scientific networking and research collaborations. I hope that this
gathering will also help to facilitate cross cultural exchanges and to foster mutual
understanding.
Finally, I wish you a successful meeting and pleasant experience during your stay in
Bandung.
Rector
Prof. Dr. Ir. Djoko Santoso
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ISMOA 2009
Contents
Preface from the Scientific Program Committee 1
Welcome Address from the Rector of Institut Teknologi Bandung 3
Committees 7
Endorsements and Sponsors 9
General Information 10
Tutorial Workshop on Modern Optics and Its Applications 13
Abstracts of Tutorial Lectures 17
Symposium on Modern Optics and Its Applications 27
Abstracts of Symposium Presentations
Wednesday, 12 August 2009 35
Thursday, 13 August 2009 47
Friday, 14 August 2009 71
List of Poster Presentation 79
Abstract of Poster Presentations 85
Map of ITB 123
List of Participants 125
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ISMOA 2009
Committees
Scientific Program Committee
Wolfgang KNOLL (Max Planck Institute, Germany)
Iam-Choon KHOO (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Masanori OZAKI (Osaka University, Japan)
Kin S. CHIANG (City University, HongKong)
Yong He LEE (Korean Advanced Institute for Science and Technology, Korea)
Hugo J.W.M. HOEKSTRA (University of Twente, the Netherlands)
May-On TJIA (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
Organizing Committee
Co-chairs Herman (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Rustam E. Siregar (Universitas Padjadjaran)
Alexander A. Iskandar (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Secretariat and Financial
Coordinator Agoes Soehianie (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Registration
Coordinator Priastuti Wulandari (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Seminar and Tutorial
Coordinator Rahmat Hidayat (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Accommodation, Food and Beverage
Coordinator Fitrilawati (Universitas Padjadjaran)
Transportation
Coordinator Husin Alatas (InstitutPertanian Bogor)
Support
Coordinator Daniel Kurnia (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Publication and Documentation
Coordinator Inge M. Magdalena (Institut Teknologi Bandung)
Supporting Staffs
Wilzuard Yonan, Ahmad M. Destuladoe, Widianta Gomulya, Edward
Thung, Radius Nagassa Setyo, Ryan Imansyah, Irfan Sanjaya, Riser
Fahdiran, Aimi Abass, Putu Eka Pramudita, Indra Karnadi Sumarsono
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ISMOA 2009
Endorsements and Sponsors
This meeting is endorsed and supported by
The Optical Society of America
Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics
We are grateful for the support from the following organizations
Universitas Padjadjaran
Ikatan Alumni ITB
PT Serviam Abadimurni
PT Era Mitra Perdana
PT Vanadia Utama
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ISMOA 2009
General Information
Period of activities
10-11 August 2009 (Tutorial Workshop)
12-14 August 2009 (Symposium)
Venue
Lecture Theater 1201, Physics Building (Tutorial Workshop)
West Auditorium (Symposium)
Jl. Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132
Official Language
English
On-site Registration
Lecture Theater 1201, Physics Building
Monday, 10 August 2009, 08.00 09.00
West Auditorium
Wednesday, 12 August 2009, 08.00 08.40
Submission of manuscript for publication
Selected papers presented in the Symposium will be submitted to the Journal of
Nonlinear Optical Physics and Materials for publications.
Manuscripts should be submitted to the secretariat by 12 October 2009.
Social Events
Satay Party Welcoming Reception
11 August 2009, 17.00 19.00
Physics Building
Conference Banquet hosted by the Rector (by invitation)
12 August 2009, 19.00 21.00
Sawunggaling Hotel, Jl. Sawunggaling, Bandung
Information for Presentation
All presentations will be delivered in plenary session.
Speakers are requested to up-load their presentation before the session.
Speakers are requested to come to the presentation room 10 minutes before the
start of the appropriate session and notify the chair person of their presence.
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ISMOA 2009
Time allocated (including question and answers) to each speaker is
30 minutes for each invited paper
15 minutes for each contributed paper
Information for Poster Presentation
The poster presentation will be held in a special session on the first day of the
th
symposium (Wednesday 12 August 2009), preceded by a 3 (three) minutes oral
summary of your research in the format consisting of 2 slides containing : introduction
and results.
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ISMOA 2009
Tutorial Workshop on
Modern Optics and Its Applications
(WSMOA 2009)
10 - 11 August 2009
ISMOA 2009
Monday, 10 August 2009
08.00 08.45 Registration
08.45 09.00 Opening Ceremony
09.00 09.45 Lecture Session 1 : Introduction to Optical Waveguide and Periodic
Systems Theories
Alexander A. ISKANDAR (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics, ITB,
Indonesia)
09.45 10.30 Lecture Session 2 : Introduction to Optical Waveguide and Periodic
Systems Theories
Alexander A. ISKANDAR (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics, ITB,
Indonesia)
10.30 11.00 Coffee Break
11.00 11.45 Lecture Session 3 : Slow Light Sensing Devices
Hugo J.W.M HOEKSTRA (Integrated Optical MicroSystems, Univ.
Twente, the Netherlands)
11.45 12.30 Lecture Session 4 : Slow Light Sensing Devices
Hugo J.W.M HOEKSTRA (Integrated Optical MicroSystems, Univ.
Twente, the Netherlands)
12.30 13.30 Lunch
13.30 14.15 Lecture Session 5 : Characteristics of Organic Semiconductor Materials
for its applications in Electronic and Photonic Devices
Rahmat HIDAYAT (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics, ITB,
Indonesia)
14.15 15.00 Lecture Session 6 : Characteristics of Organic Semiconductor Materials
for its applications in Electronic and Photonic Devices
Rahmat HIDAYAT (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics, ITB,
Indonesia)
15.30 16.15 Lecture Session 7 : Lens Design and Optical Abberations
Jacques DUPARE (Fraunhofer IOF, Jena, Germany)
16.15 17.00 Lecture Session 8 : Lens Design and Optical Abberations
Jacques DUPARE (Fraunhofer IOF, Jena, Germany)
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ISMOA 2009
Tuesday, 11 August 2009
08.30 09.15 Lecture Session 9 : Tunable Nano-Structured Optical Meta-materials
Iam Choon KHOO (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
09.15 10.00 Lecture Session 10 : Tunable Nano-Structured Optical Meta-materials
Iam Choon KHOO (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
10.30 11.15 Lecture Session 11 : Functional and Tunable Periodic Photonic
Structures and Metamaterials
Yuri KIVSHAR (Australian National University, Australia)
11.15 12.00 Lecture Session 12 : Functional and Tunable Periodic Photonic
Structures and Metamaterials
Yuri KIVSHAR (Australian National University, Australia)

12.00 13.00 Lunch
13.00 13.45 Lecture Session 13 : Photonic Crystals and Light emission
Yong Hee LEE (Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology,
Korea)
13.45 14.30 Lecture Session 14 :
Yong Hee LEE (Korea Advanced Institute for Science and Technology,
Korea)
15.00 15.45 Lecture Session 15 : Photonic Crystal Fibre : How to control light with
holes
Nicolas JOLY (University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany)
15.45 16.30 Lecture Session 16 : Photonic Crystal Fibre : How to control light with
holes
Nicolas JOLY (University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany)
16.30 17.00 Tutorial Workshop Group Photo
17.00 19.00 Welcoming Reception (Satay Party)
Photonic Crystals and Light emission
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ISMOA 2009
Tutorial Lecture
ABSTRACTS
10 - 11 August 2009
ISMOA 2009
Introduction to Optical Waveguides and Periodic Systems Theories
Alexander A. Iskandar
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Group
iskandar@fi.itb.ac.id
In the first part of the tutorial lecture, the characteristic of free monochromatic
electromagnetic waves in uniform linear medium are summarized along with the standard
result for wave reflection and refraction at the boundary between two distinct media. The
basic wave-guiding mechanism in terms of total internal reflection (TIR) is then introduced,
followed by explanation of restriction on guided wave mode by interference effect.
Subsequent formulation on the basis of Helmholtz wave equation and the boundary condition
is given to describe the guided mode field, the modified wave characteristics from those of the
free waves, the dispersion, relation and variation of the mode field profile with the mode
number, propagating wavelength and the waveguide parameters.
Guided mode field profile and propagating features of an isolated asymmetric
planar waveguide as well as the effect of asymmetry parameter are described. This is
followed by formulation for two coupled parallel planar waveguides on the basis of coupled
mode theory and discussion on the behaviour of power transfer between the two waveguides.
The discussion is further extended to the case of coupled non-parallel planar structures and
the concept of local modes. Illustrations are given on simple applications of those waveguide
structures as optical directional couplers and optical multiplexers. Appropriate treatment of
two dimensional waveguide structures will also be briefly described.
In the second part of this tutorial, the wave propagation in a periodic structure is
discussed in terms of Bloch waves and planewave expansion method. It is then followed by
the determination of the photonic band structure in its reciprocal space.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-01
Slow-Light Sensing Devices
Hugo J.W.M. Hoekstra
IOMS Group, MESA Research Institute, University of Twente
h.j.w.m.hoekstra@ewi.utwente.nl
As one may presume on the basis of intuitive arguments: The sensitivity of an optical sensor is
highly depending on the degree of interaction of the light, propagating in the sensor, and the
material of which changes have to be monitored. These changes could be, for example, bulk
index changes of a liquid flowing along the sensor, the growth of the thickness of a receptor
layer on capturing certain target molecules or viruses, or the displacement of a moving body,
like a cantilever.
During the tutorial we will discuss in considerable detail theoretical and
experimental aspects related to the above, with emphasis in particular on slow light
phenomena occurring in a waveguide with a grated section for wavelengths near the band
edge.
20
ISMOA 2009
TL-02
Characteristics of Organic Semiconductor Materials for its
applications in Electronic and Photonic Devices
Rahmat Hidayat
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Group
rahmat@fi.itb.ac.id
Organic semiconductor materials have been intensively research studies in the last decades
because they exhibit many interesting physical phenomena, which is not common in
traditional material sciences. They have also many potential applications for functional
devices, such as electronic and optoelectronic devices, although the realization of those
devices seems requires a lot of efforts in basic research and practical technique developments.
There are many kinds of molecules which can be classified organic semiconductor materials
nowadays. Generally, we can divide into three categories based on their molecular size,
namely small molecules system, macromolecules and polymers. Most of those molecules are
conjugated system, which have a structure with alternating single and double bonds of carbon
atoms resulting in the electron delocalization along the conjugated chain. Other molecules
are consisted of metals which form a metal-complex system. Generally, we may adopt the
concept of electron and hole to explain the electronic and optical properties of these materials.
However, the description on the electronic and optical process often requires different models
to that commonly used in organic semiconductors (such as Si semiconductors). The main
different are corresponding to the nature of exciton, which consequently also related to the
charge transport generation and recombination processes, and charge transport process. The
exciton binding energy is usually much larger than that of inorganic semiconductors, whereas
their charge mobility is smaller. The excitons are formed inside the molecules at room
temperature, whereas it can be generated only in quantum dot or at very low temperature in
inorganic semiconductor systems. The nature of the exciton in these materials, however,
leads to the observation of novel energy and charge transfer phenomena, which also have
important implications in designing their electronic and optical devices.
In the second session of this lecture, the working principle of organic devices,
namely light emitting diodes (LED) and photovoltaic (PV) devices, will be presented. In
LED, excitons are generated as the result of injected charge carriers (electron-hole) from the
electrodes, which then decays by emitting light (photon). The opposite process occurs in PV
where excitons are generated by light and then dissociate into separate charge carrier. The
charge carrier recombination and exciton dissociation thus becomes important processes to
be controlled to improve the device performances. Research in organic photovoltaic devices
and other similar devices, such as photo-electrochemical cells, for solar energy conversion
applications has been increasing in the last years. Some improvements on the device
performances have been achieved by considering nanoscale engineering in materials and
device structures. Nanoscale engineering seems to be required to overcome the limitation on
the exciton diffusion length. This approach is interesting from scientific viewpoint, although
it is not from practical viewpoints.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-03
Lens design and optical aberrations, bionics in optics
Jacques Duparr
Fraunhofer IOF, Jena, Germany
jacques.duparre@iof.fraunhofer.de
The course will give an introduction into computer-assisted lens design and the theory of
optical aberrations. Examples using the commercial raytracing software ZEMAX are
given. Agenda:
? First order properties
? Stops and Pupils
? What are aberrations?
? Chromatic aberration
? Glass chart, refractive index and dispersion
? The achromatic doublet
? Monochromatic aberrations and their origin
? Wavefront aberration function
? First-order aberrations
o Defocus
o Lateral magnification error (tilt)
? Third-order (Seidel) aberrations
o Spherical
o Coma
o Astigmatism
o Field curvature
o Distortion
? Summary, classification and shapes of typical aberration plots
? Basic design rules
? Common design forms
? Spots & image quality criteria, typical diagnostic plots
? The modulation transfer function
? What to further consider when laying out a digital imaging system?
? Textbooks on lens design
In addition the inspiring topic of bionics in optics is discussed. Different natural vision
principles are compared and their impact on novel technical imaging systems in presented.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-04
Tunable Nano-Structured Optical Meta-materials I & II
Iam Choon Khoo
Electrical Engineering Department
Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA
ick1@psu.edu
Optical properties of a material, e.g. the refractive index, stem basically from the molecular
electronic responses to the electric and magnetic fields of light. The permittivity e and the
permeability mthat define the refractive index exhibit resonances and spectra reflecting those
of the constituents. The locations of these resonances, the magnitudes of their real and
imaginary components of e and mcan be tailored made by various techniques such as
chemical synthesis on the molecular scale, and atomic layer deposition, molecular beam
epitaxy or self-assembly in the nano-meter (sub-optical wavelength) scale.
Metamaterials, composite materials with nano-engineered optical properties, are of
great interest because of their possible applications in communications and optoelectronic
devices A top down fabrication approach [1] involves generally the use of complex
lithographic techniques to create finely patterned metallic and/or dielectric periodic
structures. Another approach is to uniformly disperse nano-particles such as rods, wires,
spheres, or core-shell structures in some host materials [2].
In these lectures, we will first review the electromagnetic theories underlying these
refractive engineering of optical meta-materials. Specifically, periodic nano-structures such
as photonic crystals or frequency selective surfaces, and randomly distributed nano-
particulates in a host media will be treated in details. We then review some of the useful and
unique electro- and nonlinear optical properties of metamaterials that comprise electro-optics
active or nonlinear optical material constituent suc as liquid crystals, followed by a thorough
discussion of recently obtained experimental results/observations along with some
theoretical simulation and modeling.
1. Bossard, J. A., Liang, X., Li, L., Werner, D. H., Weiner, B., Cristman, P. F., Diaz, A., &
Khoo, I. C. (2008), Tunable Frequency Selective Surfaces and Negative-Zero-Positive
Index Metamaterials Based on Liquid Crystals, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and
Propagation, 56, pp. 1308 - 1320 (2008).
2. I. C. Khoo, D. H. Werner, X. Liang, A. Diaz and B. Weiner, Nano-sphere dispersed
liquid crystals for tunable negative-zero-positive index of refraction in the optical and
Terahertz regimes, Optics Letts. 31, 2592 (2006)
3. Shoichi Kubo, Andres Diaz, Yan Tang, Theresa S. Mayer, I. C. Khoo and ThomasE.
Mallouk, Tunability of the refractive index of gold nanoparticle dispersions, NANO
Letts. 7, pp. 3418-3423, (2007)
4. X. Wang, D. H. Kwon, D. H. Werner, I. C. Khoo, A. Kildishev and V. M. Shalaev,
'Tunable optical negative-index metamaterials employing anisotropic liquid crystals,
Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 143122 (2007).
5. I. C. Khoo, Nonlinear Optics of Liquid Crystalline Materials, Physics Report 471, pp.
221-267 [2009].
.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-05
Functional and tunable periodic photonic structures and
metamaterials
Yuri Kivshar
Nonlinear Physics Center, Australian National University
Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
ysk@internode.on.net
In this tutorial talk we will discuss the physics of periodic photonic structures such as
waveguide arrays, optical lattices, and photonic crystals. We will discuss how such
structures can be made tunable and functional by introducing nonlinear elements and
nonlinear materials, and controlling the flow of light by changing the incident power only.
In particular, we will introduce and discuss the concepts of spatial solitons and Fano
resonances. In addition, we will discuss tenability of left-handed metamaterials and
nonlinear plasmonic structures.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-06
Photonic Crystals and Light Emission
Yong-Hee Lee
Department of Physics, KAIST
373-1 Kusung-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejon, Korea 305-701
yhlee@kaist.ac.kr
In this short course, interaction of photons with periodic nanostructures will be reviewed,
following a brief introduction of photonic crystals. Firstly the enhanced light emission from
photonic crystal structures that do not have physically-defined cavities will be explained,
using the examples of microstructure LEDs and OLEDs. And physics of cavity-less photonic
band edge lasing phenomena will follow. Then the recent efforts toward the smallest possible
laser will be summarized. The ultra-small photonic crystal can be interpreted as a two-
dimensional embodiment of the one-dimensional VCSEL. Following brief summary of
various forms of photonic crystal lasers, nondegenerate, single-cell, monopole and hexapole
mode photonic crystal lasers will be discussed in more detail. The issues relevant to 'practical'
nanolasers are to be addressed with several suggestions. Recent results on finding high-Q
small mode volume resonators, electrically-driven photonic crystal lasers, microfiber-
coupled reconfigurable photonic crystal lasers will be explained. The nontrivial issues of
photon collection and quantum dot incorporation will also be reviewed.
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ISMOA 2009
TL-07
Photonic Crystal Fibre: how to control light with holes ?
N. Y. Joly and P. St. J. Russell
Max-Planck Institute for the Science of light
Gnther-Scharowsky Str. 1/Bau 24, D-91058 Erlangen Germany
www.pcfiber.com
nicolas.joly@mpl.mpg.de
Photonic Crystal Fibre (PCF) is a new family of optical waveguide that has been developed
over the last decade. Since the first demonstration of the working PCF in 1996 [1], it has been
at the centre of scientific interest. The main idea is to confine the electromagnetic field in the
central region of the waveguide thanks to cladding region, which consists in a 2-dimension
photonic-crystal of microscopic air capillaries running along the entire length of the fibre
[2]. The defect where the light is trapped can be either a solid rod or hollow. These two types
of PCF support two different guidance mechanisms: the light can propagate by Total Internal
Reflexion in the solid-core, which has a higher refractive index than the microstructured
cladding, or it can be trapped in the central hollow region, with the help of the photonic
bandgap existing in the periodic holey cladding [3,4]. Here, we will present these different
kinds of Photonic Crystal Fibre, how to make them, and what optical properties could be
designed (e.g. the creation of highly nonlinear solid cores fibre with anomalous dispersion in
the visible region, the design of fibre that supports only one transverse spatial more at all
wavelength).
For it can produce new optical material with properties not otherwise attainable,
Photonic Crystal technology has opened a new era of optical fibre, with applications in many
different scientific fields. We will present a few experiments that can be performed with PCF.
[1] J.C. Knight, T.A. Birks, P.St.J. Russell and D.M. Atkin, "All-silica single-mode fiber
with photonic crystal claading", Opt. Lett. 21, 1547-1549 (1996)
[2] Philip St.J. Russell, "Photonic-Crystal Fibers," J. Lightwave Technol. 24, 4729-4749
(2006)
[3] R. F. Cregan, B. J. Mangan, 1 J. C. Knight, T. A. Birks, P. St. J. Russell, P. J. Roberts, and
D. C. Allan, Single-Mode Photonic Band Gap Guidance of Light in Air, Science, 285,
pp. 1537 1539 (1999)
[4] T. A. Birks, P. J. Roberts, P. St. J. Russell, D. M. Atkin, T. J. Shepherd, Full 2-D photonic
bandgaps in silica/air structures, Electron. Lett. 31, 1941-2 (1995)
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ISMOA 2009
TL-08
Symposium on Modern Optics
and Its Applications
10 - 12 August 2009
ISMOA 2009
Wednesday, 12 August 2009
08.00 08.40 Registration
08.40 09.00 Opening Ceremony
st
1 session Chairperson : Kiyoshi ASAKAWA
09.00 09.30 IP-1 : Iam Choon KHOO (Pennsylvania State University, USA)
Nonlinear Liquid and Liquid Crystalline Metamaterials for
Passive Optical Switching
09.30 10.00 IP-2 : Choon Sup YOON (Korea Advanced Institute for Science and
Technology, Korea)
Enhancement of Charge Injection by Randomly Oriented
Dipoles in Organic Light Emitting Diodes
nd
2 session Chairperson : Kin S. CHIANG
10.30 11.00 IP-3 : Christoph BUBECK (Max Planck Institute for Polymer
Research, Mainz, Germany)
Conjugated Polymer Waveguides for all-Optical Switching
11.00 11.30 IP-4 : Nicolas JOLY (University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, Germany)
Nonlinear Pulse Propagation in Tailored-Dispersion
Photonic Crystal Fibre
11.30 11.45 CP-1 : Henri P. URANUS (University of Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Modal Analysis of Silicon Nanostructured Waveguide with
Holey Cladding in 2-D Isosceles Triangular Lattice
11.45 12.00 CP-2 : Mohamad JAHJA (Max Planck Institute, Mainz, Germany)
Nonlinear Optical Spectra of Poly(3-butylthiophene)
12.00 12.15 Group Photo
12.15 13.00 Lunch Break
rd
3 session Chairperson : Christoph BUBECK
13.00 13.30 IP-5 : Yuri KIVSHAR (Australian National University, Australia)
Light Propagation and Localization in Modulated Optical
Waveguides
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ISMOA 2009
13.30 14.00 IP-6 : Kin S. CHIANG (City University, Hongkong)
Recent Development of Long Period Waveguide Grating
Devices
Poster session Chairman : Rustam E. SIREGAR / Alexander A. ISKANDAR
14.00 15.15 Oral Introduction to Poster Presentations
15.15 Poster Session and Coffee Break
19.00 21.00 Banquet
Thursday, 13 August 2009
th
4 session Chairperson : Iam Choon KHOO
08.30 09.00 IP-7 : Nikolay ZHELUDEV (University of Southampton, UK)
Metamaterial Platform: the next Photonics Revolution
09.00 09.30 IP-8 : Jasper KNOESTER (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, the
Netherlands)
Nano-scale optical antennae of coupled dipolar oscillators
09.30 10.00 IP-9 : Teruya ISHIHARA (Tohoku University, Japan)
Novel optical properties of metal-dielectric artificial
structures
th
5 session Chairperson : Hugo J.W.M HOEKSTRA
10.30 11.00 IP-10 : Yong Hee LEE (Korea Advanced Institute for Science and
Technology, Korea)
Spatial and Spectral Nano-Control of Micro-Resonators
11.00 11.30 IP-11 : Kiyoshi ASAKAWA (National Institute for Material Science,
Japan)
Semiconductor and Metal based Photonic Nanostructures
Towards Next Decade Integrated Photonics
11.30 11.45 CP 3 : Husin ALATAS (Institut Pertanian Bogor, Indonesia)
Optimization of the Functionality of Grated Waveguides
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ISMOA 2009
11.45 12.00 CP 4 : Kumarajah KANDIAH (Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia)
Variation of MQW design parameters in an InP-based LW-
VCSEL and its effects on the spectral linewidth
th
6 session Chairperson : Choon Sup YOON
13.00 13.30 IP-12 : Hugo J. W. M. HOEKSTRA (University of Twente, the
Netherlands)
Light on Integrated Optical Sensing Devices
13.30 13.45 CP-5 : Muhammad Danang BIROWOSUTO (University of Twente,
the Netherlands)
Fluctuations of Decay Rates of Embedded Emitters Inside
Random Photonic Media
13.45 14.00 CP-6 : Harith AHMAD ( University of Malaya, Malaysia)
Soa-based O-band Tunable Fiber Laser Using An-Array
Waveguide Grating
14.00 14.15 CP-7 : Sulaiman Wadi HARUN (University of Malaya, Malaysia)
Single Mode Erbium Ytterbium-doped Fiber Laser with
Multimode Pumping
14.15 14.30 CP-8 : Md. Rahim SAHAR (Universiti Teknologi Malaysia)
The upconversion luminescence of Nd3+/Er3+ co-doped
tellurite glass
14.30 14.45 CP-9 : Lusi SAFRIANI (Padjadjaran University, Indonesia)
Emission Property of Inverse Opal TiO2 Waveguide Structure
Infiltrated with Organic Laser Dye Styryl 9M
th
7 session Chairperson : Teruya ISHIHARA
15.15 15.45 IP-13 : Jacques DUPARRE (Frauhofer Institute, Germany)
Miniaturized Imaging System and Artificial Compound Eyes
by Microoptics Technology
31
ISMOA 2009
15.45 16.00 CP-10 : Tran Minh THI (Hanoi National University of Education,
Vietnam)
Study of Microstructure and Optical Property for
Polymer-capped ZnS:Cu Nanocrystalline Thin Films
16.00 16.15 CP-11 : Nguyen Van MINH (Hanoi National University of
Education, Hanoi, Vietnam)
Multiferroic materials Bi1-xSmxFeO3: A study of
Raman and Absorption Spectroscopies
16.15 16.30 CP-12 : Fadwa JOUD (Laboratoire Kastler Brossel, Ecole
Normale Superieure, France)
3D Detection of Gold Nanobiomarkes in Live Cells
Environments using Digital Holographic Microscopy
16.30 16.45 CP-13 :So Van PHAM (Integrated Microoptics System,
University of Twente, the Netherlands)
Photonic crystal waveguides integrated with
microcantilevers as a novel platform for gas sensors
16.45 17.00 CP-14 :Rahmat HIDAYAT (Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Indonesia)
Surface Plasmon Generation in Hybrid Polymer
Grating Covered by Thin Metal Layer and their
Characteristics for Molecular Sensing Applications
Friday, 14 August 2009
th
8 session Chairperson : Yuri KIVSHAR
08.30 09.00 IP-14 : Takayoshi KOBAYASHI (University of Electro-
Communication, Japan)
Broadband Two-dimensional Multicolored Arrays
Generation in a Sapphire Plate
09.00 09.30 IP-15 : Jeremy O'BRIEN (University of Bristol, United
Kingdom)
Photonic quantum logic in waveguide circuits
32
ISMOA 2009
th
9 session Chairperson : Jasper KNOESTER
10.00 10.30 IP-16 : Kaoru TAMADA (Tohoku University, Japan)
Application of Plasmonic Ag nanosheet: Characterization of
Photocatalytic Activity of TiO Nanotube
2
10.30 10.45 CP-15 : Priastuti WULANDARI (Intitut Teknologi Bandung,
Indonesia)
Spectroscopic Study of Carboxylate-bonding on Ag
Nanoparticles and Its Effects on the Surface Plasmon
10.45 11.00 CP-16 : Kamsul ABRAHA (Jurusan Fisika, UGM)
Surface phonon-polariton dispersion relation of the new giant
dielectric CaCu3Ti4O12 material with unblocked non
percolating conducting interface scenario for its extrinsic
Lorentz oscillator-based dielectric constant model
11.00 11.15 Closing Ceremony
Note : IP = Invited Paper
CP = Contributed Paper
33
ISMOA 2009
Wednesday, 12 August 2009
Plenary Oral Presentations
ABSTRACTS
ISMOA 2009
Nonlinear Liquids and Liquid Crystals for passive optical switching
I. C. Khoo, J. Liou, J. Huang and M. V. Stinger, A. Diaz, Y. Ma
Electrical Engineering Department
Pennsylvania State University
University Park, PA 16802
USA
ick1@psu.edu
In both isotropic and ordered phases, liquid crystals possess extraordinarily large optical
nonlinearities originating from a variety of mechanisms with characteristic response times
ranging from sub-picosecond to milliseconds and longer [1, 2]. In this presentation, we will
discuss the underlying mechanisms that include multi-photonic absorptions, density,
temperature and order parameters fluctuations and collective molecular reorientation
processes. In conjunction with nano-structures or nano-particulates, they exhibit many
emergent electronics and optical properties and functions resulting in extraordinary electro-
optical and nonlinear optical properties and enable many optical processes and devices with
performance characteristics not possible with other materials. We will delineate the novel
details involved in the synthesis and characterization of these meta-materials, the functional-
structure relationships and some exemplary design devices/structures for optical switching,
modulation, and optical meta-materials with large birefringence and very broad tunable
range [2-6], including some recent experimental observations of ultra-fast [sub-micro
seconds] all-optical switching
nd
1. I. C. Khoo, Liquid Crystals, 2 Edition (Wiley Inter-Science, NJ 2007).
2. I. C. Khoo, Nonlinear Optics of Liquid Crystalline Materials, Physics Report 471, pp.
221-267 [2009].
3. E. Graugnard, J. S. King, S. Jain, C. J. Summers, Y. Zhang-Williams and I. C. Khoo,
Electric field tuning of the Bragg peak in large-pore TiO2 inverse shell opals, Phys.
Rev. B72, 233105 (2005)
4. I. C. Khoo, A. Diaz, S. Kubo, J. Liou, Mike Stinger, T. Mallouk and J. H. Park, Nano-
dispersed Organic Liquid and Liquid Crystals for All-Time-Scales Optical Switching
and Tunable Negative- and Zero- Index Materials, Molecular Crystals Liquid Crystals
485:1, pp. 934-944 (2008)
5. I. C. Khoo, J. H. Park, J. D. Liou, Theory and experimental studies of all-optical
transmission switching in a twist-alignment dye-doped nematic liquid crystal, J. Opt.
Soc. Am. B25, pp. 1931-1937 (2008).
I. C. Khoo, D. H. Werner, X. Liang, A. Diaz and B. Weiner, Nano-sphere dispersed
liquid crystals for tunable negative-zero-positive index of refraction in the optical and
Terahertz regimes, Optics Letts. 31, 2592 (2006)
6. X. Wang, D. H. Kwon, D. H. Werner, I. C. Khoo, A. Kildishev and V. M. Shalaev, 'Tunable
optical negative-index metamaterials employing anisotropic liquid crystals, Appl.
Phys. Lett. 91, 143122 (2007).
37
ISMOA 2009
IP-01
Enhancement of charge injection by randomly oriented dipoles in
organic light emitting diodes
Hong Kee Yoon and Choon Sup Yoon
Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea
csyoon@kaist.ac.kr
Efficient charge injection at the metal/organic interfaces is essential in organic light emitting
diodes (OLEDs) because it affects the efficiency of the devices significantly. A strategy of
inserting an interface dipole layer between metal electrode and organic semiconductor has
been introduced to increase the charge injection rate by lowering the energy barrier. Lithium

fluoride (LiF) and other alkali halides have been used widely to increase the electron
injection, but the physical mechanism responsible for enhancing the charge injection through
the LiF layer remains unknown. In order to explain the charge injection mechanism through
the LiF layer, it was assumed either that the lithium fluoride dipoles were aligned statistically
along the external field direction or that the LiF molecules were dissociated and diffused into
the organic layer. However, experimental evidences show that both presumptions are highly
unlikely. Based on the randomly oriented dipole model, we present the mechanism of
enhancing the charge injection through the LiF layer. The experimental results agree well
with the model calculation.
38
ISMOA 2009
IP-02
Conjugated Polymer Waveguides for All-Optical Switching
C. Bubeck, M. Jahja, Y. Mardiyati, A. Bahtiar, K. Koynov
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
Present address: Department of Physics, University of Padjadjaran Bandung, Jl.
Jatinangor km. 21 Sumedang, 45363, Indonesia
bubeck@mpip-mainz.mpg.de
The recent progress in integrated silicon photonic circuits is causing renewed interest in
polymer layers for hybrid devices, as polymers can provide the necessary cubic nonlinearity
for all-optical modulation of guided light modes. The aim is to design appropriate polymers
that can be combined favourably with silicon-based integrated circuits for future ultrafast all-
optical signal processing beyond terahertz modulation frequencies.
Our search for suitable polymers is guided by the requirements for all-optical
waveguide switching devices formulated by Stegeman et al in terms of so-called Figures of
Merit W and T, which are defined by
where is the linear waveguide attenuation loss coefficient. The nonlinear refractive index n
0 2
and the nonlinear absorption coefficient are proportional to the real and imaginary parts of
2
(3)
the complex third-order (cubic) electrical susceptibility , respectively. For a typical
2
intensity I = 1 GW/cm , W > 1 and T < 1 are the minimum requirements needed for a
successful device. Consequently, we focus on materials which show best performance as slab
waveguides with lowest possible waveguide attenuation loss, which is a more general
prerequisite for any future application of polymer thin films in integrated optics.
We will present recent results of thin polymer films prepared by spin-coating of
substituted poly-para-phenylenevinylenes (PPVs) and poly-3-alkyl-thiophenes (P3ATs).
Low-loss slab waveguides are realized by systematically varying molecular weight,
substitution pattern of the polymers and preparation conditions of the films. These
parameters have strong impact on the film morphology which shows nematic-like ordering
and aggregation phenomena of the rigid chain segments of the polymer backbones. Extent
and size of the ordered polymer domains are major factors determining the waveguide losses
via light scattering. By varying structural and thin film preparation parameters, we succeded
to obtain slab waveguides with propagation losses of less than 1 dB/cm in the near-infrared
region from the polymers mentioned above. We also get an improved understanding of
relations between chemical structure, thin film morphology and waveguide properties.
We determine the signs and absolute values of n and by means of nonlinear prism
2 2
coupling which occurs when the incident intensity I is so large that the refractive index of the
film becomes intensity dependent, described by n = n + n I. Similarly, the absorption
0 2
coefficient of the film can also change because of increased two-photon absorption :
a= a+ aI. We use the second harmonic output of a Nd:YAG laser to pump an optical
0 2
parametric generator, which delivers laser pulses with a typical duration of 20 ps, repetition
rate 10 Hz, and a wavelength tuning range between 680 nm and 2000 nm. We will show and
discuss the dispersions of the nonlinear optical coefficients in the near-infrared region as they
indicate spectral windows where the Figures of Merit conditions are met.
() l a
0 2
I n W=
2 2
2 n T l a =
39
ISMOA 2009
IP-03
Nonlinear pulse propagation in tailored-dispersion
Photonic Crystal Fibre
N. Joly, A. Podlipensky and P. St. J. Russell
Max-Planck Institute for the Science of light
Gnther-Scharowsky Str. 1/Bau 24, D-91058 Erlangen Germany
www.pcfiber.com
nicolas.joly@mpl.mpg.de
Since the first report in 1996 [1], Photonic Crystal Fibres (PCF) have been the focus of an
increasing scientific interest [2,3]. In this waveguide, mode fields can be tightly confined in
an extremely small core, and dispersion tailored in a very controlled manner. As a
consequence, these fibres have opened new route to the studies of pulse propagation. Among
the nonlinear experiments that involve PCF, the most striking application is the possibility to
generate supercontinuum [4,5]. On the other hand, propagation of soliton in optical fibres has
been extensively studied over the last three decades [6].
In the femtosecond regime, soliton dynamics plays an important role in the development of
the broad spectrum. We will present recent work on the propagation of 110fs laser pulses in
small-core PCF. We will show that two different regimes occur related to the input power:
high-order soliton fission where individual solitons are ejected from the initial pulse, and
pulse break-up, which results in the generation of colliding solitons and bound soliton pairs.
[1] J.C. Knight, T.A. Birks, P.St.J. Russell and D.M. Atkin, "All-silica single-mode fiber
with photonic crystal claading", Opt. Lett. 21, 1547-1549 (1996)
[2] P.St.J. Russell, "Photonic-crystal fibers," Journal of Lightwave Technology, 24, pp.
4729-4749, 2006
[3] J.C. Knight, "Photonic crystal fibres," Nature 424, pp. 847-851, 2003
[4] J.K. Ranka, R.S. Windeler and A.J. Stentz: "Visible continuum generation in airsilica
microstructure optical fibers with anomalous dispersion at 800 nm", Opt. Lett. 25, 25-27
(2000)
[5] W. Wadsworth, N. Joly, J. Knight, T. Birks, F. Biancalana, and P. Russell,
"Supercontinuum and four-wave mixing with Q-switched pulses in endlessly single-
mode photonic crystal fibres," Opt. Express 12, 299-309 (2004)
[6] A. Hasegawa and M. Matsumoto, " Optical Solitons in Fibers", Springer-Verlag, Berlin,
Heidelberg, 2003
40
ISMOA 2009
IP-04
Modal Analysis of Silicon Nanostructured Waveguide with
Holey Cladding in 2-D Isosceles Triangular Lattice
1,2.* 3 4
H. P. Uranus , H. J. W. M. Hoekstra , and W. L. Vos
1
Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan,
Wisma Slipi, Jl. Let. Jend. S. Parman, Kav. 12, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia.
2
Undergraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan,
UPH Tower, Lippo Village, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia.
3
Integrated Optical MicroSystems (IOMS) Group,
+
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
4 +
Complex Photonic Systems (COPS) group, MESA Institute for Nanotechnology,
University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
h.p.uranus@alumnus.utwente.nl
Silicon photonics, either in the form of integrated optical chips or fiber, has attracted much
interest due to their small foot-print, high refractive-index, high thermal-conductivity, high
non-linear-optical coefficient, and compatibility with CMOS and fiber-drawing process
technology. Recently, fabrication of well-arranged deeply-etched nanometric holes on
silicon has also been reported. This structure is potential for a.o. sensing applications due to
the wide surface provided by the nano-holes. In this work, we report a modal analysis on a
nanostructured silicon waveguide with holey cladding in 2-D isosceles lattice running
parallel with the propagation axis. For this purpose, we used our finite-element method leaky
mode solver. The diameter of the holes is 326 nm, and the lattice parameters are a = 680 nm
and c = 481 nm. Computations were carried out for wavelengths between 1.1-1.55 m.
Although an inverse woodpile bulk photonic crystal with similar lattice parameters (which is
the 3-D form of the isosceles triangular lattice used in the cladding of our structure) was
reported to exhibit bandgap around =1.21 m, the waveguide under study shows no effect of
such bandgap as this photonic-crystal-fiber-like waveguide relies on the leaky defect-
resonance instead of photonic bandgap as its waveguiding mechanism. Although the hole's
dimension is considerably smaller than the wavelength, the waveguide still shows extremely
low confinement loss due to the high index-contrast provided by the silicon-air interface. This
fact implies that the dimension of the waveguide is still far
from waveguiding limit, and the total losses are expected
to be limited by the imperfection of the fabrication
technology. At around =1.375 m, we observed anti-
crossing between q-HE and q-TM modes. We
21 01
anticipate that the abrupt change of modal characteristics
around this point might be useful for sensing applications.
Such change does not only occur in the attenuation, but
also in the group index. Additionally, we also observed
the non-degeneracy of the two q-HE modes as results of
11
symmetry breaking of the structure.
41
ISMOA 2009
CP-01
Nonlinear Optical Spectra of Poly(3-butylthiophene)
1, 2 2
M. Jahja and C. Bubeck
1
Department of Physics, Gorontalo State University, Jl. Jend. Sudirman no 6 Gorontalo,
Indonesia
2
Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128, Mainz,
Germany
jahja@mpip-mainz.mpg.de
All-optical switching phenomena have attracted scientists for decades [1-2]. The nonlinearity
of refractive index n or absorption coefficient ais a basis of this phenomenon. The
dependence of n and aon the light intensity I is commonly expressed as n = n +n I and a=
0 2
a+ aI. The most suitable materials for all-optical switching must have large nonlinear
0 2
refractive index n and small linear and nonlinear losses aand a.
2 0 2
Conjugated polymers are materials that have highly delocalized -electrons and show
large optical nonlinearity. Polythiophene (PT) has -electrons distributed along its backbone,
but it is not soluble in common organic solvent. Poly(3-butylthiophene) (P3BT, see Fig.1) is
soluble in organic solvents. So thin films can be fabricated easily by spin coating.
Fig. 1. Chemical structure of P3BT
In this work, we measured the refractive indices and waveguide loss of poly(3-
butylthiophene) waveguides by means of prism-coupling techniques. Fig. 2 shows a
simplified view of the prism coupling setup, which was reported earlier [3,4]. This setup is
used to measure the so-called coupling curve which is reflected intensity I vs. incidence
R
angle qof the focused laser beam. The wavelength of the laser can be varied between 700
1500 nm in order to obtain the spectral dependences of n and a. We have measured the
coupling curves at different beam intensities. So we can determine n and a
2 2.
Fig.2 Simplified scheme of prism coupling setup

,

S
C
4
H
9

n
n

42
ISMOA 2009
CP-02
From every coupling curve we could determine n and aof P3BT waveguides by using the
curve fitting procedure reported earlier [3,4]. Evaluation of n and ais based on their linear
2 2
dependence on the guided intensity in the waveguide.
Spectral dependences of n and aof P3BT waveguides are shown in Fig. 3.
2 2
Relatively large n and low acombined with low waveguide losses of less than 1 dB/cm
2 2
between 1000 and 1200 nm makes P3BT a promising material for all-optical switching.
Fig. 3 Spectra of n (left) and ? (right) of poly(3-butylthiophene) waveguides.
2 2
[1] G. I. Stegeman, R. H. Stolen, Waveguides and fibers for nonlinear optics, J. Opt. Soc.Am.
B 6, 652662 (1989).
[2] A. Bahtiar, K. Koynov, A. Kibrom, T. Ahn, C. Bubeck, Multiphoton spectroscopy of
polymers for all-optical switching, SPIE 6330, C1-C14 (2006)
[3] K. Ueberhofen, A. Deutesfeld, K. Koynov, C. Bubeck, Nonlinear Optical Waveguide
Spectroscopy of a Conjugated Polymer: Poly(p-Phenylenevinylene), J. Opt. Soc. Am.
B 16, 1921-1935 (1999).
[4] K. Koynov, N. Goutev, F. Fitrilawati, A. Bahtiar, A. Best, C. Bubeck, H.-H. Hrhold,
Nonlinear prism coupling of waveguides of the conjugated polymer MEH-PPV and
their figures of merit for all-optical switching, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4, 895901 (2002).

60 0 80 0 10 00 1 2 00 1 4 00 1 6 00
-2
-1
0
1
2

n
2
(
1
0
-
1
3
c
m
2
/
W
)
l(nm)
600 800 100 0 120 0 14 00 1 600
- 0,5
0,0
0,5
1,0
1,5
2,0
2,5
3,0

a
2
(
1
0
-
9
c
m
/
W
)
l(nm)
43
ISMOA 2009
CP-02
Light propagation and localization in modulated optical waveguides
Yuri S. Kivshar
Nonlinear Physics Centre, Research School of Physics and Engineering,
Australian National University, Canberra, 0200 ACT, Australia
ysk@internode.on.net
We review our recent theoretical and experimental results on self-trapping and control of
polychromatic light in periodic photonic lattices.
Photonic structures with a periodic modulation of the optical refractive index open
many novel possibilities for engineering the fundamental aspects of optical wave dynamics.
The physics of light propagation in periodic photonic structures is governed by the scattering
of waves from the high refractive index regions and the subsequent interference of the
scattered waves. This is a resonant process, which is sensitive to both frequency and
propagation angle. As such, periodic photonic structures find various applications, including
spatial beam control and manipulation of beam refraction and diffraction. These applications,
however, are primarily optimized for beam shaping and deflection in a narrow-frequency
range. In many practical cases, including ultra-broad bandwidth optical communications or
propagation of ultra-short (sub-10 fs) pulses, the bandwidth of optical signals can span over a
wide frequency range.
In this talk, we will overview our recent theoretical and experimental results on the
tunable control of the supercontinuum light beams by employing photonic lattices. In
particular, we report on the experimental observation of higher-order and mixed dynamic
localization resonances in both one- and two-dimensional photonic lattices. New features
such as spectral broadening of the dynamic localization resonances and localization-induced
transformation of the lattice symmetry are demonstrated. These phenomena could be used to
shape polychromatic beams emitted by supercontinuum light sources.
Our results demonstrate novel fundamental features of the effect of dynamic
localization based on higher-order and mixed resonances in one- and two-dimensional
lattices. Polychromatic dynamic localization and localization-induced transformation of
lattice geometry, which we observe for the first time to our knowledge, open up new avenues
for applications of the dynamic localization effect in various physical contexts. In particular,
our work suggests new approaches for flexible shaping of polychromatic light with
ultrabroadband or supercontinuum spectra, which can be enhanced further through the
introduction of structure tunability and optical nonlinearities.
[1] I.L. Garanovich, A.A. Sukhorukov, and Yu.S. Kivshar, ``Broadband diffraction
management and self-collimation of white light in photonic lattices'', Phys. Rev. E 74,
066609 (2006).
[2] A. Szameit, I. L. Garanovich, M. Heinrich, A. A. Sukhorukov, F. Dreisow, T. Pertsch,
S. Nolte, A. Tunnermann, and Yu. S. Kivshar, Polychromatic dynamic localization
in curved photonic lattices, Nature Physics 5, 271-275 (2009).
44
ISMOA 2009
IP-05
Recent development of long-period waveguide grating devices
Kin Seng Chiang
Department of Electronic Engineering,
City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
eeksc@cityu.edu.hk
A grating formed in a single-mode optical fiber to achieve effective light coupling from the
guided core mode to the cladding modes of the fiber was first proposed and demonstrated in
1996 [1]. The pitch of the grating required is of the order of 100 m, which is more than two
orders of magnitude larger than that of the well-known fiber Bragg grating, and, therefore, the
grating is widely referred to as the long-period fiber grating (LPFG). The transmission
spectrum of a typical LPFG consists of a number of rejection bands at specific resonance
wavelengths, which correspond to couplings to various cladding modes of the fiber. LPFGs
offer many nice features, including easy fabrication, low insertion loss, and negligible back
reflection. Because such gratings are formed in single-mode fibers, they do not need any
special means to separate the coupling modes. This property simplifies significantly the
deployment of the gratings for various applications. LPFG has become a powerful
technology for the realization of optical fiber filters. Over the years, there have been
numerous developments in the application of LPFGs in fiber communications and sensing.
Of the many applications of LPFGs, the realization of tunable filters is of particular
interest in fiber communication systems as such filters can potentially offer dynamic controls
in optical networks. However, the tunability of a LPFG is very much limited by the geometry
and material constraints of the optical fiber. To relax the constraints of the optical fiber, long-
period gratings formed in planar waveguides, known as long-period waveguide gratings
(LPWGs), have been proposed [2]. LPWGs share many of the advantages of LPFGs and offer
some new features. LPWGs have been fabricated with different materials (glass, polymer,
and semiconductor) and in different waveguide structures (slab waveguides, ridge
waveguides, rib waveguides, and channel waveguides). A range of widely tunable LPWG
devices has been demonstrated experimentally, which include band-rejection filters [3,4],
band-pass filters [5], variable attenuators [6], and add-drop multiplexers [7,8]. These devices
explore the large thermo-optic effect of polymer to achieve effective thermal tuning.
However, the tuning speed of these devices is intrinsically slow. To achieve a much higher
tuning speed, it is necessary to implement LPWG devices in electro-optic (EO) materials.
In the last two years, there has been significant progress in the development of
LPWGs in LiNbO , the most popular EO material. The challenge was in the formation of a
3
LiNbO waveguide structure suitable for the implementation of a LPWG. The waveguide
3
structure must contain a cladding with a refractive index lower than that of the core but higher
than that of the substrate [2]. The conventional LiNbO waveguide fabrication techniques,
3
however, produce a core in a LiNbO substrate directly. Because of the large index of LiNbO
3 3
and the small index difference between the core and the substrate, there is virtually no
material with the right index that can be placed on the waveguide to create the required
cladding. Recently our group has developed a two-step proton-exchange process to solve this
problem [9], which has led to the first experimental demonstration of EO LPWGs in LiNbO
3
45
ISMOA 2009
IP-06
The best sample fabricated in our laboratory allows the contrast of the rejection band to be
tuned by 25 dB with a driving voltage of 49 V. The temperature sensitivity of the
resonance wavelength of the sample is 1.0 nm/C. The EO LPWG provides not only an
electric tuning of the contrast of the rejection band, but also an effective thermal tuning of
the position of the rejection band. This talk presents a review of the recent progress in the
development of LPWG devices, in particular, EO LPWG filters.
The research was supported by a research grant from the Research Grants Council of
the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China [Project No. CityU 111907].
[1] M. Vengsarkar, P. J. Lemaire, J. B. Judkins, V. Bhatia, T. Erdogan, and J. E. Sipe, Long-
period fiber gratings as band-rejection filters, J. Lightwave Technol. 14, 58-65 (1996).
[2] V. Rastogi and K. S. Chiang, Long-period gratings in planar optical waveguides, Appl.
Opt. 41, 6351-6355 (2002).
[3] K. S. Chiang, K. P. Lor, C. K. Chow, H. P. Chan, V. Rastogi, and Y. M. Chu, Widely
tunable long-period gratings fabricated in polymer-clad ion-exchanged glass
waveguides, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 15, 1094-1096 (2003)
[4] K. S. Chiang, C. K. Chow, H. P. Chan, Q. Liu, and K. P. Lor, Widely tunable polymer
long-period waveguide grating with polarization-insensitive resonance wavelength,
Electron. Lett. 40, 422-423 (2004).
[5] Y. M. Chu, K. S. Chiang, and Q. Liu, Widely tunable optical bandpass filter by use of
polymer long-period waveguide gratings, Appl. Opt. 45, 2755-2760 (2006).
[6] K. S. Chiang, C. K. Chow, Q. Liu, H. P. Chan, and K. P. Lor, Band-rejection filter with
widely tunable center wavelength and contrast using metal long-period grating on
polymer waveguide, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 18, 1109-1111 (2006).
[ 7 ] Y. Bai, Q. Liu, K. P. Lor, and K. S. Chiang, Widely tunable long-period waveguide
grating couplers, Optics Express 14, 12644-12654, (2006).
[8] C. K. Chow, K. S. Chiang, Q. Liu, K. P. Lor, and H. P. Chan, UV-written long-period
waveguide grating coupler for broadband add/drop multiplexing, Opt. Commun. 282,
378-381 (2009).
[9] W. Jin, K. S. Chiang, Q. Liu, C. K. Chow, H. P. Chan, and K. P. Lor, Lithium-niobate
channel waveguide for the realization of long-period gratings, IEEE Photon. Technol.
Lett. 20, 1258-1260 (2008).
[10] W. Jin, K. S. Chiang, and Q. Liu, Electro-optic long-period waveguide gratings in
lithium niobate, Optics Express 16, 20409-20417 (2008).
~
46
ISMOA 2009
IP-06
Thursday, 13 August 2009
ABSTRACTS
ISMOA 2009
Metamaterial Platform: the next Photonics Revolution
Nikolay I. Zheludev
Optoelectronics Research Centre
University of Southampton, United Kingdom
www.metamaterials.org.uk
niz@orc.soton.ac.uk
Patterning of thin metal films on the sub-wavelength scale can yield a range of functionalities
invaluable for nanophotonic application. This includes mimicking properties of conventional
bulk media such as anisotropy and girotropy, but most importantly nanoscale patterning can
lead to new functionalities. This includes negative index and high-epsilon media, stop bands
and narrow resonances with strong dispersion useful in optical delays. Nano-structured films
can be electromagnetically invisible, enforce asymmetry of light's propagation in the
opposite directions, create sub-wavelength far-filed concentrations of light and form the
basis of coherent source of electromagnetic radiation, the lasing spaser.
Electromagnetic metamaterials also provide a unique flexible platform for
mimicking and modeling a broader physical realm. Keystone physics ideas and phenomena
such as Electromagnetically Induced Transparency, Bose-Einstein Condensation, the
Mssbauer Effect, the Bunn effect, the Meissner Effect, anyons in High-Tc superconductors,
parity violation in atoms anion are among those that could be intriguingly close mimicked in
classical electromagnetic meta-materials.
49
ISMOA 2009
IP-07
Nano-scale optical antennae of coupled dipolar oscillators
Jasper Knoester
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen
Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
j.knoester@rug.nl
Controlling the absorption and flow of optical energy at the nanometer length scale is a
scientifically and technically challenging problem. Nature has optimized some of these
processes in photosynthetic antenna complexes, which are able to transport energy to a well-
defined place (the reaction center) with very high efficiencies. Mimicking such systems in a
manmade device is a topic of considerable scientific interest. In addition, controlling the flow
of optical energy at the subwavelength scale is of interest for developing systems like optical
chips and nanoscale antennae for functions such as sensing.
In this talk, I will address some of our recent research on two types of systems
synthesized to achieve the above goals: (i) self-assembled molecular aggregates, in which
strongly coupled organic molecules are responsible for both the absorption and the transport
of energy, and (ii) plasmonic arrays, which are systems where plasmon excitations in metallic
quantum dots are coupled via the electromagnetic field. Both types of systems have in
common that their optical response has a collective nature, determined by strong interactions
between dipolar building blocks: molecules in (i) and quantum dots in (ii). In (i) I will focus in
particular on a novel class of tubular molecular aggregates, which show a close similarity to
natural antenna complexes [1,2]. Theoretical as well as experimental results will be
presented. In (ii) I will focus on modelling the optical response of graded plasmonic arrays.
We have shown that it is possible to localize at will the electromagnetic energy on just a
couple of dots in arrays of up to 30 dots; the location of the energy can be controlled by tuning
the wavelength of the light [3]. Also, I will discuss the possibility to guide optical energy
around turns on a sub-wavelength scale [4]. If time allows I will address the control of Frster
resonance energy transfer by a nanostructured dielectric environment [5].
[1] A. Puglys, R. Augulis, P.H.M. van Loosdrecht, C. Didraga, V. Malyshev, and J.
Knoester, J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 20268-20276 (2006).
[2] D.M. Eisele, J. Knoester, S. Kirstein, J.P. Rabe, and D. Vanden Bout (submitted).
[3] A.V. Malyshev, V.A. Malyshev, and J. Knoester, Nano Letters 8, 2369-2372 (2008).
[4] A.V. Malyshev, V.A. Malyshev, and J. Knoester, in preparation.
[5] C.A. Marocico and J. Knoester, Phys. Rev. A 79, 053816 (2009).
50
ISMOA 2009
IP-08
Novel optical properties of metal-dielectric artificial structures
Teruya Ishihara
Department of Physics, Tohoku University
terish@sspp.phys.tohoku.ac.jp
Effective magnetic permeability in short-period metal dielectric multilayers and photo-
induced voltage in perforated metal thin films are discussed.
By using transfer matrix method, it is straightforward to calculate optical response
of layered structure. The response can be reproduced by uniform material with the same
thickness having an effective permittivity eand permeability m. Effective permeability
calculated from complex transmission and reflection coefficients with the transfer matrix is
found to be 20 just below the first photonic bandgap for a stratified metal dielectric
metamaterial consisting of alumina (60nm) /Ag (30nm) /alumina (60nm) unit cells.
Measurements with a Mach-Zehnder interferometer were found to be consistent with
theoretical prediction. Due to the non-unity permeability, the Brewster's angle that is found
only for p-polarized light for ordinary materials can be found for s-polarized light for such a
simple metamaterial [1].
When light is incident on a metallic grating, diffraction generally occurs besides
reflection and transmission. As a result, a net momentum is transferred to the grating, which
results in a shift of free electron distribution and voltage across the sample. The phenomenon
can be understood as an optical rectification as well [2]. When circularly polarized light is
obliquely incident on a periodically perforated 40 nm-thick Au film, electrical voltage is
found to be induced perpendicularly to the incident plane near the surface plasmon polariton
resonance. The photo-induced voltage changes its sign when the sign of incident angle or the
sense of polarization flips [3].
[1] R. Watanabe et al., s-polarization Brewster's angle of stratified metal-dielectric
metamaterial in optical regime, phys. status solidi (b) 245, 2696 (2008).
[2] T. Hatano et al., Optical rectification effecct in 1D metallic photonic crystal slabs with
asymmetric unit cell, Opt. Exp. 16, 8236 (2008).
[3] T. Hatano et al., Tranverse Photo-Voltage Induced by Circularly Polarized Light,
submitted.
51
ISMOA 2009
IP-09
Spatial and spectral nano-control of micro-resonators
Yong-Hee Lee
Department of Physics, KAIST
373-1 Kusung-dong, Yusung-gu, Daejon, Korea 305-701
yhlee@kaist.ac.kr
Spatially reconfigurable Gaussian-shaped photonic well is generated by contacting a curved
tapered micro-fiber onto a photonic crystal waveguide. We confirm the photon trapping in
this relocatable potential well by observing lasing action slightly below the corresponding
band edge. In addition, the feasibility of sub-nanometer resonant tuning is demonstrated by
growing electron-beam-induced nano-dots inside high-Q photonic crystal resonators.
52
ISMOA 2009
IP-10
Semiconductor and metal based photonic nanostructures towards next
decade integrated photonics
Kiyoshi Asakawa
National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS),
Tsukuba, 305-0047, Japan
asakawa.kiyoshi@nims.go.jp
Photonic integration technologies, originated from dielectric waveguides or opto-electronic
integrated circuits (OEICs) in 1980's and planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) in 1990's, have far
advanced by appearance of photonic crystal (PC) waveguides and self-assembled quantum
dots (QDs) in 2000's. To date, we have developed PC/QD-combined all-optical switch, PC-
SMZ, and it's application to digital optical flip-flop, PC-FF [1]. Recently, novel nano-
photonic technologies using metal/dielectric interfaces have attracted great concern for
surface plasmon (SP) [2] and negative refractive index material (NIM) [3]. Figure 1 shows a
schematic nano-photonic technology roadmap which shows key roles of these PC, SP and
NIM technologies under our research scenario. The map pursues new potential for nano-
photonics in LSI and imaging/sensing communities as well as in a telecommunication
system. In the first part of this paper, we review our latest research achievement on the
PC/QD-combined all optical devices assisted by an optical nonlinear effect of the QD. In the
second part, we discuss the SP and NIM technologies focusing on capability of new
imaging/sensing devices as well as improved all-optical devices.
[1] K. Asakawa, et al., New J. Phys 8, 1-26 (2006).
[2] T. Ebbesen, et al., Nature 391, 667-669 (1998).

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram showing potential for new application of PC, SP and NIM.

53
ISMOA 2009
IP-11
Optimization of the Functionality of Grated Waveguides
1,3 1 1 2
H. Alatas , L. O. Osapoetra , A. A. Iskandar , H. J. W. M Hoekstra and
1
M. O. Tjia
1
Physics of Photonics and Magnetism, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
Institute of Technology Bandung, Indonesia
2
Integrated Optical MicroSystems, Mesa+ Institute for Nanotechnology,
University of Twente, The Netherlands
3
Theoretical Physics Division, Department of Physics,
Bogor Agricultural University, Indonesia
alatas@ipb.ac.id
The effects of certain structural improvements on the functional properties of waveguides
with a finite grated section has been studied systematically by means of Green tensor
calculations. The research focuses in particular on intra-cavity field enhancement and
correspondingly a high Q-factor and a large group delay of the transmitted light at resonant
wavelengths. The waveguide grating considered has a basic structure of Silicon-On-Insulator
with 160 nm insulator film thickness. The grating consists of 13 periods of 200 nm each with
0.5 duty cycle and 80 nm corrugation depth. It was found among others that by shifting the
two outer cells, on both sides of the grating, outward leads to an increase of the peak
transmittance, field enhancement, an increased group delay as well as a shift of the band
edges to a longer wavelength of the first resonance at the higher wavelength edge. All these
phenomena are attributed to a reduction of the scattering loss, owing to the applied structural
modifications. The reverse is found when the higher thickness regions of the two outer cells
are shifted inward. Further study is being conducted to explore different structural
modifications for a more effective control of the field enhancement and group delay at
resonance, as will be discussed during the conference.
54
ISMOA 2009
CP-03
Variation of MQW design parameters in an InP-based LW-VCSEL
and its effects on the spectral linewidth
1 2 2
Kumarajah Kandiah , P Susthitha Menon and Sahbudin Shaari
1
Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment
2
Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA.
kumarajah@ornets.com
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have proven to be a cost efficient
alternative to edge-emitting lasers, offering improved properties with respect to mode
selectivity, fiber coupling, threshold currents and integration into 2D arrays or with other
electronic devices. Long wavelength VCSELs at 1.3 and 1.55 m provides the advantage of
having higher bit rates over longer distances while persevering the cost factor and this is
crucial especially in access and backbone optical communication networks. This paper is a
report on the simulative and comparative study on the effects of multi quantum well (MQW)
design parameters on the spectral linewidth of an InP-based, 1.5-m vertical-cavity surface-
emitting laser (VCSEL). The device employs InGaAsP MQW sandwiched between
GaAs/AlGaAs and GaAs/AlAs distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) and utilizes a top-
emitting, air-post design for current confinement.
55
ISMOA 2009
CP-04
Light on integrated optical sensing
Hugo J.W.M. Hoekstra
IOMS Group, MESA Research Institute, University of Twente
h.j.w.m.hoekstra@ewi.utwente.nl
Integrated optical (IO) sensors are suitable candidates for the accurate detection of changes in
parameters such as refractive index, layer thickness and position, induced chemically or by
other means. In the dominant application field of these sensors, the sensing of small chemical
concentrations, such changes are generated inside a chemo-optical interface containing
receptors which are specific for, e.g., the molecule or virus to be detected and from these
changes the concentrations can be derived unambiguously. The strength of such sensors, if
compared to conventional bulky sensor implementations, is among others related to the
intrinsic high sensitivity of optical methods, the possibilities for compact integration of
different functionalities and realization of sensor arrays for multi-parameter detection on a
single chip. In addition IO offers the possibility to use new sensing principles, which cannot
or hardly be realized with classical optical components, like sensors based on photonic
crystals or on index induced modal field changes.
The presentation will focus on both theoretical and technological topics relevant for
the realization and optimization of such IO sensing devices. These topics encompass slow
light propagation, leading to strong matter light interaction, as well as the relevance of a
number of different sensing device principles. A number of recent device implementations
will be discussed in detail.
56
ISMOA 2009
IP-12
Fluctuations of decay rates of embedded emitters inside random
photonic media
1 1,2 1
M. D. Birowosuto , W. L. Vos , A. P. Mosk
1
Complex Photonic Systems, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
2
Center for Nanophotonics, FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics (AMOLF),
1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands
M.D.Birowosuto@tnm.utwente.nl
Local density of states (LDOS) uniquely describes the available optical eigenmodes in which
photons can exist at a specific spatial location. The LDOS controls the spontaneous emission,
which is a fundamental phenomenon associated with the creation of light from the source. In
disordered photonic media, the average LDOS is independent of the photonic properties, and
only scales with the effective refractive index. Instead, strong sample-to-sample fluctuations
of the LDOS are the characteristics of a disordered medium. Qualitative calculations of the
fluctuations of the LDOS were previously made in the contexts of the nonlinear sigma model
[1] and the intensity correlations in speckle patterns [2]. To date, however, there have not been
any experiments to confirm this theory. Therefore, we study spontaneous emission of
emitters in the disordered photonic media.
We present the time-resolved measurements on single polystyrene spheres incorporated with
dye molecules, which are embedded inside a disordered layer of ZnO nanoparticles.
Fluorescence image of single fluorescent spheres embedded in a 4.8 m-thick layer of ZnO
pigment at a depth of 2.5 m is shown in Fig. 1(a). Such doped polystyrene spheres, which are
much smaller than the wavelength of light, contain about 33 molecules which all sense the
LDOS at the same position. However, since the orientation of the molecules is random, they
will decay at different rates. Fluorescence decays of single fluorescent spheres are therefore
described by a log-normal distribution of decay rates. This distribution contains two free
parameters; the most-frequent decay rate and the distribution width [3].
Fig. 1. (a) Fluorescent image showing the diffuse spot from a single fluorescent sphere inside disordered photonic
media. (b)Decay curves for fluorescent spheres embedded inside (i) homogeneous medium and (ii) disordered
photonic media . The scale bar is 10 m and the lines through the data are fits.
57
ISMOA 2009
CP-05
From two different spheres inside ZnO, their decay curves yield most-frequent decay rates of
-1 -1
0.22 and 0.30 ns with an identical distribution width of 0.42 ns , see blue and red curves in
Fig. 1(b). These values strongly differ than the decay rate and the distribution width of a
-
fluorescent sphere embedded inside the homogeneous reference medium of 0.26 and 0.05 ns
1
, respectively, see Fig. 1(b). We will discuss these resulting LDOS fluctuations. Future plans
by using other emitters and probing the LDOS in the other host samples are also discussed.
[1] A. D. Mirlin, "Statistics of energy levels and eigenfunctions in disordered systems",
Phys. Rep. 326, 259 (2000).
[2] B. A. van Tiggelen and S. E. Skipetrov, "Fluctuations of the local density of states and C
0
speckle correlations are equal", Phys. Rev. E 73, 045601 (2006).
[3] I. S. Nikolaev, P. Lodahl, A. F. van Driel, A. F. Koenderink and W. L. Vos, "Strongly
nonexponential time-resolved fluorescence of quantum-dot ensembles in three-
dimensional photonic crystals", Phys. Rev. B 75, 115302 (2007).
58
ISMOA 2009
CP-05
SOA-based O-band Tunable Fiber Laser Using an Array Waveguide
Grating
1 1 1 1 2
H. Ahmad , M. Z. Zulkifli , A. A. Latif , K.Thambiratnam and S. W. Harun
1
Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, University of Malaya 5060, Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya
50603 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia
Tel: 603-79674290, Fax: 603-79676770
harith@um.edu.my
A novel Tunable Fibre Laser (TFL) operating in the Ordinary band (O-band) of 1310 nm is
proposed and demonstrated. The proposed TFL uses a 1x16 Arrayed Waveguide Grating
(AWG) and an Optical Channel Selector (OCS) to achieve tenability. A O-band
Semiconductor Optical Amplifier (SOA) is used as a compact gain medium for the TFL. The
TFL has a tuning range of 1301.26 nm to 1311.18 nm with 9.92 nm span and channel spacing
of 0.7 nm, with an output power of between -4 and -8 dBm and an SMSR of more than 29 dB.
The fluctuations of output power and SMSR are measured to be approximately 4 dB and 4 dB
respectively.
59
ISMOA 2009
CP-07
Single Mode Erbium Ytterbium-doped fiber laser With Multimode
Pumping
1,2 2 3 3 3
S. W. Harun , H. Ahmad , E. L. Lim, S. U. Alam , D. J. Richardson
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
2
Photonics Research Center, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia.
3
Optoelectronics Research Center, University of Southampton, Southampton S017 IBJ,
UK.
swharun@um.edu.my
An efficient and stable laser action from a double-clad Erbium/Ytterbium doped fiber
(EYDF) is demonstrated using a fiber Bragg grating at room temperature. The fiber laser
operates at wavelength of 1552.3nm with a slope efficiency of 38% when pumped by
multimode 915nm laser diodes. However, the slope efficiency is higher in the EYDF laser
configured with double-sided output due to the high splicing loss between the multimode
combiner and double-clad EYDF. The laser also has a spectral bandwidth of 0.2nm and signal
to noise ratio of more than 25dB. The threshold power to achieve lasing is measured to be
approximately 500mW for this laser.
60
ISMOA 2009
CP-08
3+ 3+
The upconversion luminescence of Nd /Er co-doped tellurite glass
M.R.Sahar, M. S. Rohani and A.Kasim
Advanced Optical Material Research Group, Physics Dept., Faculty of Science
Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM Skudai, Johor Darul Takzim
rahim057@gmail.com
Series of glass based on 78TeO -10PbO-10Li O-(2-x)Nd O -xEr O where x = 0.5, 1.0, 1.5
2 2 2 3 2 3
and 2.0 mol% has successfully been prepared by melt quenching technique. Their
upconversion luminescence has been carried out upon excitation around 585 nm. The result
shows that all samples exhibit six to eight significant transition peaks with three common
peaks are due to the transition of The experimental lifetime, of the glass has also been
calculated using the Judd-Ofelt analysis and it is found that the value is higher in the visible
region as it varies from 65.17ms to 114.63ms than in the near infrared region where it varies
from 2.133ms to 2.270ms. Meanwhile, the emission crosssection,is found to vary from 0.004
20 2 20 2
x 10 cm to 1.007 x 10 cm depending on the composition. The upconversion mechanism of
this glass has also been shown in a simplified energy-level diagram. The result shows that the
excited state-absorption (ESA) is the dominant upconversion excitation process. This
mechanism is then accomplished through a stepwise multiphonon process due to the efficient
3+ 3+
excitation energy transfer (ET) between Nd and Er ions.
61
ISMOA 2009
CP-09
Emission Property of Inverse Opal TiO Waveguide Structure
2
Infiltrated with Organic Laser Dye Styryl 9M
1,2 b 2 2 2
L. Safriani , B. Cai , K. Komatsu , O. Sugihara , and T. Kaino
1
Physics Department, Padjadjaran University
Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km.21, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia
2
Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials (IMRAM), Tohoku
University 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
l.safriani@unpad.ac.id
Polymeric based lasers are especially interesting organic systems due to their low cost,

stability and fabrication ease compared to liquid-crystal-based systems. The present study
investigated the fabrication of functional inverse opal TiO waveguide structure.
2
Functionality of inverse opal TiO was attained by infiltrating laser dye Styryl 9M doped to
2
polycarbonate (PC) and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) into inverse opal TiO . A technique to
2
realize serially grafted waveguide which has passive and active core surrounded by air has
been developed. Emission property of inverse opal TiO waveguide structure infiltrated with
2
PC/Styryl 9M and PVP/Styryl 9M were studied by pumping 532 nm ND-YAG laser in the
perpendicular direction to the active core of inverse opal TiO waveguide structure Both of
2
polymer laser dye emission spectra exhibited laserlike emission. However PVP/Styryl 9M
presented better result of emission spectra at 805.15 nm with FWHM is 9.75 nm.
62
ISMOA 2009
CP-10
Miniaturized imaging systems and artificial compound eyes by
microoptics technology
Jacques Duparr
Fraunhofer IOF, Jena, Germany
jacques.duparre@iof.fraunhofer.de
Natural compound eyes combine small eye volumes with a large field of view, at the cost of
comparatively low spatial resolution. For small invertebrates as for instance flies or moths the
compound eyes are the perfectly adapted solution to obtain sufficient visual information
about their environment without over-loading their brain with the necessary image
processing. Microoptics technology enables the generation of highly precise and uniform
microlens arrays with small lens sags and their accurate alignment to the subsequent optics-,
spacing- and optoelectronics structures. The result are thin, simple and monolithic imaging
devices with the high accuracy of photo lithography. Artificial compound eyes promise to
lead to a completely new class of imaging systems. Due to their compactness, high FOV and
large depths of focus artificial compound eyes can find applications, usual objectives will
never find their way in. Compound eye cameras could for instance fit into tight spaces in
automotive engineering, credit cards, stickers, sheets or displays, be used for security and
surveillance, medical technology and anywhere else, where the imaging system shall not be
recognized as such. They especially would be suitable for the application as vision system in
light-weight MAVs (micro air vehicles) which also sometimes have their archetype in insect-
principles. The obtainable resolution is sufficient for many machine vision applications. We
present our latest results of research and development on the insect inspired miniaturized
optical imaging systems: Artificial apposition compound eye, Gabor-superlens, ultra-thin
microscope as well as the more complex cluster eye for higher resolution applications.
Furthermore the current trends of classical wafer-level-cameras especially for
mobile phone applications are discussed. Different design approaches as well as available
fabrication technologies e.g. ranging for the lens wafer mastering from step-and-repeat to
full wafer diamond turning are presented and classified with respect to their potential for
high-yield mass-fabrication.
63
ISMOA 2009
IP-13
Study of Microstructure and Optical Property for Polymer-capped
ZnS:Cu Nanocrystalline Thin Films
1 2 2 1
Tran Minh Thi , Bui Thi Hong Van , Pham Van Ben and Nguyen Minh Thuy
1
Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
2
College of Science, VNU, 334 Nguyen Trai road, Vietnam
tranminhthi@hnue.edu.vn
The ZnS:Cu nanopowders with Cu concentrations of 0.1%, 0.15%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4% are
synthetic by the wet chemical method. The polyvinylacohol (PVA)-capped ZnS:Cu thin films
with Cu concentration of 0.2% are prepared by dip-coating method. The microstructure of
samples is investigated by the X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the prepared
samples belong to the Wurtzite structure with the average particle size of about 3 7 nm. The
luminescent intensity of ZnS:Cu nanopowders is the highest for sample with Cu optimal
concentration of 0,2%. The PVA did not affect the microstructure of ZnS nanomaterials. The
optical properties of samples are studied by measuring the absorption and the
photoluminescence spectra in the wavelength range from 300 nm to 900 nm at room
temperature. The value of direct band gap is about 3.8 eV. The dependence of the
photoluminescence (PL) spectra of samples on the exciting power density, their time-
resolved-luminescence spectra are also investigated. The results allow us to explain their
optical properties by the quantum confinement effect of ZnS nanoparticles in the polymer
PVA matrix.

64
ISMOA 2009
CP-10
Multiferroic materials Bi Sm FeO : A study of Raman and absorption
1-x x 3
spectroscopies
Nguyen Van Minh, Doan Thi Thuy Phuong, Dao Viet Thang
Center for Nano Science and Technology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136
Xuan-Thuy Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
minhsp@yahoo.com
In this presentation, we show the Raman spectra from 10 K to room temperature and
absorption spectra of Bi Sm FeO samples.
1-x x 3
A single-phase rhombohedrally distorted structure R is observed with no trace of
3C
other (or impurity) phase within the uncertainity of XRD in case of pure BiFeO . The XRD
3
patterns are in excellent accord with the powder data. The lattice parameters for pure BiFeO
3
hexagonal unit cell are calculated to be a=5.5778 c=13.8685 . The magnified patterns of
0
pure BiFeO samples in the vicinity of 2 = 32 shows that the (104) and (110) diffraction
3
peaks are completely separate in a pure BiFeO and in samples with x=0.05 and 0.10, but the
3
peaks are shifted and overlapped to a single peak when Bi atoms are substituted by Sm with x
> 0.10. This result implies that the rhombohedral structure is distorted to a monoclinic or
orthorhombic structure by Sm doping.
Fig. 1 presents the absorption spectra of the
Bi Sm FeO samples. The edge band shifts
1-x x 3
to higher wavelength as increasing the Sm
content. The selection rules for the Raman
active modes in rhombohedral R3c(C3v)
symmetry predict only 13 active Raman
phonons with A and E symmetries,
1
according to the irreducible representation,
= 4A + 9E. In polarized Raman
RAMAN/IR 1
scattering, the A modes can be observed by
1
parallel polarization, while the E modes can
be observed by both parallel and crossed
polarizations. Since all these modes fall in
-1
the frequency range below ~ 700 cm , most
of the Raman studies have focused in this
region, with the subsequent lack of
information at higher frequencies. Here, we
-1
concern the Raman spectra in the 200-1800 cm range in bulk samples. In addition to the
well-understood Raman features in the low frequency region, the spectra show a very
-1
prominent band at ~ 1000-1300 cm , which we associate with two-phonon Raman
scattering, strongly enhanced due to the resonance with the intrinsic absorption edge.
65
ISMOA 2009
CP-11
Fig. 1 Absorption spectra of Bi Sm FeO samples
1-x x 3
For clarify, in Fig. 2 we show the unpolarized Raman spectra as a function of
temperature under excitation at 514 nm, for the Bi Sm FeO bulk sample with x=0.10 (Fig.
1-x x 3
2a) and for all samples at 13 K (Fig. 2b). As seen, all samples show the same Raman modes at
-1
similar energy positions. When comparing the low frequency Raman modes (100-700 cm ),
with those previously theoretical and experimentally reported, good agreement is obtained.
-1
The only difference is the prominent additional band around ~1000-1300 cm which has not
been reported before. Changing the excitation wavelength to 488 nm led to no observed
spectral shifts in this band; therefore, its Raman scattering nature is confirmed, excluding any
possible phonon and/or magnon assisted luminescence in this region. The origin of this
structure has been assigned to the combination of three different two-phonons Raman
scattering in BFO labeled as 2A4, 2E8 and 2E9, since their spectral positions correspond to
-1 -1
practically double the energy values of the A(LO4) ~ 480 cm , E(TO8) ~550 cm and
-1
E(TO9) ~620 cm normal modes of BFO respectively. The strong contribution of the two-
phonon band to the total Raman spectrum has been attributed to a resonant enhancement with
the intrinsic absorption edge in BFO (2.66 eV). As the samples are heated (Fig. 2a), the
Raman modes gradually broaden, as well as slightly shift to lower wavenumbers, which is
expected due to thermal expansion and thermal disorder respectively. The most striking
feature, however, is a dramatic decrease in the total integrated intensity, as well as the spectral
shape of the two-phonon Raman band with increasing temperature.
In summary, a resonant enhancement of two-phonons Raman scattering in the
-1
vicinity of 1200 cm has been reported in BFO multiferroic system.
66
ISMOA 2009
CP-11

300 600 900 1200 1500
I
n
t
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
a
.
u
.
)
Raman shift (cm
-1
)
I
n
t
e
n
s
i
t
y
(
a
.
u
.
)
Raman shift (cm
-1
)
Fig 2 Raman spectra of Bi Sm FeO : (a) x=0.10,
1-x x 3
and at 13 K with various contents
3D Detection of Gold Nanobiomarkers in Live Cells Environments
using Digital Holographic Microscopy
1,4 2 3 2
Fadwa Joud , Nilanthi Warnsooriya , Philippe Bun , Gilles Tessier , Michael Atlan
2 1 3 4 1
, Pierre Desbiolles , Maite Coppey-Moisan , Marie Abboud and Michel Gross
1
Laboratoire Kastler Brossel de l'Ecole Normale Suprieure, Paris, 75005, France
2
Laboratoire d'Optique, Institut Langevin, ESPCI, Paris, 75005, France
3
Dept. Biologie cellulaire - Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, 75005, France
4
Dept. Physique - Facult des Sciences, Universit Saint-Joseph, Beyrouth, Lebanon
fadwa.joud@lkb.ens.fr, fadwa.merabi@gmail.com
In cell imaging, the use of noble metals labels has gained wide advantage in comparison with
other biological markers due to their unique optical properties. The potential of using Gold
nanoparticles as cellular markers for the detection of live oral cancer cells has been
previously demonstrated [1]. This paper presents a new heterodyne holography-based live
cell imaging technique using subwavelength-sized Gold particles as biomarkers. Our group
have proved the efficiency of using Heterodyne Holographic Microscopy in 3D imaging of
Gold nanoparticles in a PVA matrix [2], with shot noise limited sensitivity [3]. Here we used a
sample of 3T3 mouse fibroblasts tagged with 40 nm Gold particles functionalized to stuck
onto the cell surface via the integrin cellular receptor. An illumination laser source is splitted
into a reference beam and an object illumination beam. Two Acousto-optic modulators are
used to frequency shift both beams [4]. A microscope objective collects the light scattered
from the sample and the scattered beam interferes with the reference beam forming the
hologram that is recorded by a CCD camera. The hologram, containing both amplitude and
phase information, is than numerically treated, and reconstructed using two Fourrier
transforms [5, 6]. Intensity images I(x,y,z) can be calculated from the obtained reconstructed
wave field E(x,y,z) which can be reconstructed in virtually any z-plane using a single
recorded hologram. The obtained reconstructed images show an accurate 3D localization of
Gold nanoparticles attached to live cells with significant acquisition times of the order of 50
ms. In summary, this paper shows the potential of our technique to image Gold nanoparticles
used as biomarkers in live cells environments, for what we believe to be the first time in the
context of digital holography.
67
ISMOA 2009
CP-12
Photonic crystal waveguides integrated with microcantilevers as a
novel platform for gas sensors
S.V. Pham, L.J. Kauppinen, M. Dijkstra, H.A.G.M. van Wolferen, R.M. de Ridder
and H.J.W.M. Hoekstra
+
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
s.v.pham@ewi.utwente.nl
We present results related to the simulation and fabrication of a novel and highly sensitive
mechano-optical sensor for gas detection (i.e., hydrogen gas) based on microcantilevers,
supplied with a selective gas absorption layer, suspended above a Si N grated waveguide
3 4
(GWG). The presence of a dielectric object, in this case a suspended cantilever, in the
evanescent field region of the GWG may lead to the occurrence of propagating modes for
wavelengths inside the stop band of the grating, and so to defect modes inside the stop band.
These modes introduce sharp features in the transmission spectrum of the device. These
features are quite suitable to monitor stress induced bending of the cantilever owing to
concentration changes of the gas for which the absorptive layer is sensitive.
The 2D bidirectional eigenmode propagation (BEP) method has been applied to
analyze the effect of cantilever displacement on the optical transmission spectrum of the
GWG. The simulation results show that as the cantilever approaches the grating, the first near
band-edge resonance peak is pulled inside the stop band and its spectral width decreases. The
resolution of displacement measurement is estimated to be 0.2 nm for a 200 nm thick
cantilever at a 200 nm initial gap, assuming a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 20 dB.
Integrated microcantilever-GWG devices have been fabricated successfully using
MEMS techniques. Uniform gratings have been defined with laser interference lithography.
SiO cantilevers with low initial bending (i.e., low stress) have been fabricated by combining
2
the tetra-ethyl-ortho-silicate chemical vapor deposition (TEOS-CVD) and plasma-enhanced
chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) oxides, and by releasing them using a
tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) wet-etching solution to remove the sacrificial
poly-Si layer, followed by a freeze-drying process. Currently we are optimizing the
fabrication process to achieve cantilevers with low initial bending. Detailed results, also
discussing the potential of the integrated microcantilever-GWG as a novel and compact
mechano-optical sensor for hydrogen gas, will be presented during the conference.
Acknowledgements
This research is supported by MEMSland, a project of the Point One program funded by the
Ministry of Economic Affairs and the STW Technology Foundation through project TOE.
6596.
68
ISMOA 2009
CP-13
Surface Plasmon Generation in Hybrid Polymer Grating Covered by
Thin Metal Layer and their Characteristics for Molecular Sensing
Applications
1 1 2 1 1
Rahmat Hidayat , Widianta Gomulya , Hendro , Daniel Kurnia , Herman , Akihiko
3 3
Fujii , Masanori Ozaki
1
Physics of Magnetic and Photonic Research Division,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat
2
Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Division,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Jawa Barat
3
Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Osaka University, Yamada-Oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, Japan
rahmat@fi.itb.ac.id
Hybrid polymers show many promises in wide range of applications, covering from special
coating applications up to micro-system applications. In comparison to their counterparts,
organic polymers, these polymers show better chemical and thermal stability, which increase
the flexibility in manufacturing processes and the durability of the applications. In particular,
because hybrid polymers can be formed from their precursors by photo-polymerization, they
have attracted much attention for building micro-optics or nano-photonics structure. The
demonstrations of the fabrication of those structures have been reported elsewhere. In the
present work, we have studied the fabrication of grating structure from hybrid polymers by
employing laser interference technique. The third harmonic of a Nd-YAG laser were used to
create an interference pattern, which also initiate the photo-polymerization of the precursor
layer. Grating formation has been confirmed by light diffraction and atomic force microscopy
measurements. The grating periodicity between 350 - 1000 nm has been successfully
prepared. The grating was then covered by a very thin layer metal (Au or Ag) with the
thickness about 50 nm. Using these grating, with the help of a prism coupler setup, we
observed the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) wave generation. The SPR spectrum shows
two dips, which shifts with the light incident angle. The formation of surface plasmon
polaritons (SPP) band gap was observed in this grating structure. SPP band gap is considered
has many interesting physical phenomenon and practical applications. Practical applications
for sensing devices will be described briefly.
Acknowledgments:
The authors acknowledge the Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Directorate
General of Higher Education (DGHE), Ministry of Education of Indonesia for their support
through the JSPS/DGHE Joint Research/Exchange Program and Hibah Strategis Nasional
Research Project.
69
ISMOA 2009
CP-14
Friday, 14 August 2009
ABSTRACTS
ISMOA 2009
Broadband Two-dimensional Multicolored Arrays Generation
in a Sapphire Plate
1,2,3,4 1,2
Takayoshi Kobayashi and Jun Liu
1
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry and Institute for Laser Science, University
of Electro-Communications, Chofugaoka 1-5-1, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585, Japan
2
International Cooperative Research Project (ICORP), Japan Science and Technology
Agency, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
3
Department of Electrophysics, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Rd.,
Hsinohu 300, Taiwan
4
Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadakami 2-6, Suita 565-0871,
Ibaraki 567-0047, Japan
kobayashi@ils.uec.ac.jp
Broadband two-dimensional multicoloured array with more than nine periodic columns and
more than ten rows was generated in a sapphire plate. The array structure was sensitive to the
in-plate rotation of the sapphire plat. It is shown that each spot of the 2D arrays has a Gaussian
spatial and spectral profile. 2D multicolored discrete solitons is expected to be obtained using
this method. These 2D multicolored arrays could be used in various applications, for example
2-D all optical switching devices or multicolor pump-probe experiments.
73
ISMOA 2009
IP-14
Photonic quantum logic in waveguide circuits
Jeremy O'Brien
Centre for Quantum Photonics, University of Bristol
jeremy.obrien@bristol.ac.uk
We have developed an integrated waveguide approach to photonic quantum circuits [1]. We
demonstrate high-fidelity silica-on-silicon integrated optical realizations of key quantum
photonic circuits, including two-photon quantum interference with a visibility of 94.8(5)%; a
controlled-NOT gate with an average logical basis fidelity of 93.3(2)%; and a path entangled
state of two photons, relevant to quantum metrology, with fidelity >92%. We use these
devices to demonstrate multi-photon effects relevant to quantum metrology [2], quantum
information processing [3], and quantum measurement [4]. The monolithic nature of these
devices means that the correct phase can be stably realized in what would otherwise be an
unstable interferometer, greatly simplifying the task of implementing sophisticated photonic
quantum circuits. We fabricated 100's of devices on a single wafer and find that performance
across the devices is robust, repeatable and well understood. Most recently we have
demonstrated controlled manipulation of up to four photons on-chip [5]. Finally we discuss
how such circuits can be used for higher dimensional systems [6].
[1] A. Politi, M. J. Cryan, J. G. Rarity, S. Yu, and J. L. O'Brien, Science 320, 646 (2008)
[2] T. Nagata, R. Okamoto, J. L. O. Brien, K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi, Science 316, 726
(2007)
[3] J. L. O'Brien, Science 318, 1567 (2007)
[4] R. Okamoto, J. L. O. Brien, H. F. Hofmann, T. Nagata,K. Sasaki, and S. Takeuchi,
Science 323, 483 (2009)
[5] J. C. F. Matthews, A. Polit, A. Stefanov, and J. L. O'Brien Nature Photonics 3, 346 (2009)
[6] A. Laing, T. Rudolph, and J. L. O'Brien, Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 160502 (2009)
74
ISMOA 2009
IP-15
Application of Plasmonic Ag nanosheet: Characterization of
Photocatalytic Activity of TiO Nanotube
2
Kaoru Tamada
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University,
2-1-1 Katahira, Aobaku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
tamada@riec.tohoku.ac.jp
Recently we have been studying 'plasmonic Ag nanosheet" composed of 2D crystalline
domains with homogeneously sized Ag nanoparticles (core diameter: 5nm) fabricated at air-
water interface. The distance between the particles is controlled accurately by the thickness of
the shell layers and local surface plasmons (LSP) are homogeneously coupled in this 2D
crystalline sheet, which derives various unique optical properties, especially in the near-field.
This Ag nanosheet is also useful for various applications. In this paper, we would show some
examples.
TiO nanotube is known as a potential material for optoelectronic devices such as dye-
2
sensitized solar cell by their high mobility of electrons. We investigated photocatalytic
activity of TiO nanotube fabricated by anodic oxidization by use of Ag nanosheet as a maker.
2
Here we investigated indirect lateral photocatalytic reaction of TiO nanotube on the
2
substrate with a little amount of TiO nanotubes immobilized (10% surface coverage). The
2
photoreaction was monitored by the spectrum change of Ag nanosheet deposited on TiO -
2
immobilized substrate. Here the fusion of Ag nanoparticles (the decrease of original plasmon
band at 470 nm and the increase of broad absorption band at longer wavelength) resulting
from the decomposition of myristate-capping was clearly confirmed. This lateral oxidation is
unique for TiO nanotube and was not found for TiO powders (see Fig.1). The morphological
2 2
study with SEM and AFM also revealed the different lateral oxidation between TiO nanotube
2
and powder.
Figure 1 Transmission UV-vis absorption spectra of TiO nanotube (a) and powder (NDH-510C) (b) on
2
quartz substrates.
75
ISMOA 2009
IP-06
Spectroscopic Study of Carboxylate Bonding on Ag Nanoparticles and
Its Effects on the Surface Plasmon
1 1 2 1 , 2
Priastuti Wulandari , Kanae Michioka , Nobuko Fukuda , Kaoru Tamada ,
1 1 1
Ken-ichi Ishibashi , Yasuo Kimura and Michio Niwano
1
Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577,
Japan
2
AIST, Tsukuba 3 0 5 - 8 5 6 5 , Japan
wulan@fi.itb.ac.id
Size-quantized metal nanoparticles (NPs) have attracted great interest because of their
unique electronic, chemical and optical properties distinct from those of bulk metals [1].
Their potential applications for microelectronic devices, biosensor, catalysis and other fields
have inspired recent research on their synthesis and properties [1, 2]. Metal NPs are known to
exhibit absorption bands in the ultraviolet-visible range. These are due to the excitation of
plasma resonances or interband transitions. In case of noble metals (Au, Ag dan Cu), the
possibility of exhibiting absorption bands can reasonably be interpreted as due to plasmon
resonances [3]. Most of metal NPs require surface-passivation to avoid coagulation and
fusion of metal cores, since bare NPs are unstable with extremely high surface reactivity. The
physical and chemical properties of NPs such as dispersibility in solvents are also known to
be controllable by capping organic agents, thus different capping agents have been utilized as
stabilizers depending on the polarity of dispersion solution. Carboxylate has been utilized as
good stabilizer (capping molecules) for synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and gold
nanoparticles (AuNPs) [4, 5]. In this study, we investigate the spectroscopy of carboxylate
bonding on AgNPs and its effect on surface plasmon.
Synthesis of citrates on AgNPs was carried out in water by use of Sodium
Borohydrate as reductant at room temperature. On the other hand, synthesis of myristates on
AgNPs was carried out at high temperature by thermolysis method and the solution was
dispersed in Toluene. TEM images show that the diameters of both AgNPs are about 5 nm.
Absorbance band indicating the existence of surface plasmon resonance appear for both cases
of AgNPs with difference peak position. The spectra show that citrate on AgNPs is rather blue
shift (l=397 nm) compare to that of myristate on AgNPs (l=427 nm) which suggested that
different capping molecules give different response to the plasmon peak on the surface of
-
AgNPs. The vibration mode of carboxylate asymmetric (n (COO)) from FTIR spectra for
as
citrate on AgNPs and myristate on AgNPs show peak shift to lower frequencies compare to
-
those of the respective bulk capping materials. The peak shift of n (COO) from myristates on
as
AgNPs is found to be much larger to that of citrate on AgNPs. This difference is also observed
in the SPR frequencies in the UV-Vis data which is related to the different molecular
structures of the two capping materials.
76
ISMOA 2009
CP-15
1 . a) T. Ung, M. Giersig, D. Dunstan, and P. Mulvaney, Langmuir 1997, 13, 1773. b) J. H.
Hodak, I. Martini, and G. V. Hartland, J. Phys. Chem. B 1998, 102, 6958. c) S. Link and
M. A. El-Sayed, J. Phys. Chem. B. 1999, 103, 4212.
2 . a) H. H. Huang, F. Q. Yan, Y.M. Kek, C. H. Chew, G. Q. Xu, W. Ji, P. S. Oh, and S. H.
Tang, Langmuir 1997, 13, 172. b) T. Vossmeyer, L. Katsikas, M. Giersig, I.G. Popovic,
K. Diesner and A. Chemseddine, J. Phys. Chem. 1994, 98, 7665.
3 . J. A. Creighton, and D. G. Eadon, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 1991, 87(24), 3881.
4 . C.D. Keum, N. Ishii, K. Michioka, P. Wulandari, K. Tamada, M. Furusawa, and H.
Fukushima, J. Nonlinear Optical Physic and Material 2008, 17(2), 131.
5 . P. Wulandari, X. Li, K. Tamada, and M. Hara, J. Nonlinear Optical Physic and Material
2008, 17(2), 185.
77
ISMOA 2009
CP-15
Surface phonon-polariton dispersion relation of the new giant
dielectric CaCu Ti O material with unblocked non-percolating
3 4 12
conducting interface scenario for its extrinsic Lorentz oscillator-based
dielectric constant model
Kamsul Abraha, Isom Hilmi
Physics Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
kamsul@ugm.ac.id
A theoretical study of the surface phonon-polariton dispersion relations on the surface of the
newly discovered giant dielectric constant (GDC) CaCu Ti O (CCTO) material has been
3 4 12
done. The direction of wave propagation is perpendicular to the easy axis without any
external field. This study gives a theoretical description of the CCTO surface and bulk modes
-1
in the frequency range 0-800 cm . The dispersion relation is obtained through Maxwell
equations where substitution of
78
ISMOA 2009
CP-16
Contributed Posters
84
ISMOA 2009
81
ISMOA 2009
Poster Presentations
International Symposium on Modern Optics and Its
Applications (ISMOA 2009)
PP-01 M. Kamil Abd-Rahman, S. Selvakennedy and H. Ahmad (Faculty of Applied
Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia)
Numerical Modeling of EDFL and Brillouin Erbium Fiber Laser
PP-02 Christian Blum, Yanina Cesa, Johanna M. van den Broek, Muhammad Danang
Birowosuto, Allard P. Mosk, Willem L. Vos and Vinod Subramaniam (Biophysical
Engineering Group, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for
Nanotechnology, University of Twente, The Netherlands)
Photonic manipulation of the fluorescent protein emission: bright state emission
rates and color control
PP-03 Libianko Sianturi, H. P. Uranus, Herman Y. Kanalebe (Graduate Program in
Electrical Engineering, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Study on Accuracy of Phase Shift Method in Measuring the Group Delay of Two-
Port Ring-Resonator
PP-04 Fianti and Kamsul Abraha (Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UGM, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta
55281, Indonesia)
Unusual Brewster's Effect in Metamaterials
PP-05 M.L Nietiadi, S.M Vlaming, J. Knoester, A.A Iskandar, M.O Tjia (Physics of
Magnetism and Photonics Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
Optical and Localization Properties of Cylindrical Aggregates
PP-06 Alexander A. Iskandar, L.O. Osapoetra, Aimi Abass, Husin Alatas, May On Tjia and

Hugo J.W.M. Hoekstra (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group, Institut
Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
Quality Factor Enhancement of Photonic Crystal Microcavities with respect to
Lattice Variations
PP-07 Arif Hidayat (Physics Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,
State University of Malang, Indonesia)
Suppression of discrete cladding mode resonances in fibre slanted Bragg grating
for gain equalization
PP-08 Nurul Shahrizan Shahabuddin, Zulfadzli Yusoff, Azin Adamiat, Hairul Azhar Abdul
Rashid and Sulaiman Wadi Harun (Photonics Laboratory, Faculty of Science,
University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia)
Single Wavelength PCF based BFL Using a Narrowband FBG
PP-09 H. P. Uranus, H. J. W. M. Hoekstra, and R. Stoffer (Graduate Program in Electrical
Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan, Indonesia)
Design of Si N -based Integrated Optical Programmable Power Splitter
3 4
PP-10 Dilla Duryha Berhanuddin, P Susthitha Menon and Sahbudin Shaari (Institute of
Microengineering and Nanoelectronics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
MALAYSIA)
Design and Simulation of SOI-based Micro-Ring Resonator for CWDM
applications
PP-11 Sahrul Hidayat, Rahmat Hidayat, Fitrilawati, Ayi Bahtiar, R.E. Siregar, and

Masanori Ozaki(Physics Department, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
Fabrication of Two Dimensional Grating by Laser Interference Method and It's
Lasing Characteristic
PP-12 Paula Santi Rudati (Jurusan Teknik Elektro POLBAN, Indonesia)
The effect of cationic ring opening polymerisation on the fluorescence
characteristics of Triarylamine-derivatived oxetane film

PP-13 M. Rahmat, T. P. Negara, Irmansyah, H. Alatas(Biophysics Division, Department of
Physics, Bogor Agricultural University)
Design and Fabrication of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based Optical
Sensor
PP-14 Mitrayana, T. Pierera, B.W.M. Moeskops, S. Persijn, H. Naus, F.J.M. Harren,

M.A.J. Wasono, and W. Rochmah(Atomic and Nuclear Physics Lab. Physics Dept.
Gadjah Mada University Indonesia)
Laser-based wavelength modulation and photoacoustic spectrometers for NO and
NO detection
2

PP-15 Nguyen Van Minh, Pham Van Doan, Doan Thi Thuy Phuong (Center for Nano
Science and Technology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan-Thuy
Road, Hanoi, Vietnam)
Raman study of lattice modes in ferrolectric perovskite Pb Ba TiO
1-x x 3
PP-16 Nguyen Minh Thuy and Ngo Ngoc Hoa (Faculty of Physics, Ha Noi National
University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam)
3+
The Optical Properties Of Zno, Zno:Tb Nanocrystals Prepared by Forced
Hydrolysis Method
PP-17 Doan Thi Thuy Phuong and Nguyen Van Minh (Center for Nano Science and
Technology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan-Thuy Road,
Hanoi, Vietnam)
Sol-gel synthesis and optical characterization of SrTi Co O nanoparticles
1-x x 3
82
ISMOA 2009

PP-18 Doan Thi Thuy Phuong, Pham Thi Xuan Huu and Nguyen Van Minh (Center for
Nano Science and Technology, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan-
Thuy Road, Hanoi, Vietnam)
Structure and optical property of Ba Sr TiO
1-x x 3

PP-19 Nguyen Quang Hoc, Tran Minh Thi and Nguyen Minh Vuong (Faculty of Physics,
Hanoi University of Education, Vietnam
Influence of Annealed Temperature and Ph Level on the Photoluminescence
2+
Spectra and the Band Gap of Zns:Mn Nano-Powder and Thin Films
PP-20 Kamsul Abraha, Asih Melati (Physics Department, Gadjah Mada University,
Yogyakarta, Indonesia)
Attenuated total reflection spectra of giant dielectric CaCu Ti O thin films in the
3 4 12
Kretschmann-Raether configuration

PP-21 D.P. Ngurah Made, M.R. Sahar (Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics
and Sciences, Semarang State University, Indonesia)
3+
Characterizes of the Radiative and Nonradiative Transitions in Nd -Doped Near-
Stochiometric LiNbO Crystal
3
PP-22 Do Thi Sam, Nguyen Minh Thuy and Tran Minh Thi (Faculty of Physics, Ha Noi
National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam)
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Mn- Doped Zinc Sulfide Nanoparticles
PP-23 R. Miranti, A. Caretta, A.H. Arkenbout, R. Hidayat, M.O.Tjia, T.T.M. Palstra,

P.H.M. Loosdrecht (Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group, Institut Teknologi
Bandung, Indonesia)
Nature of the Structural Phase Transition in CuCl (C H CH CH NH )
4 6 5 2 2 3 2

PP-24 Tran Minh Thi, Bui Thi Hong Van, Pham Van Ben (Hanoi National University of
Education Vietnam, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Hanoi, Vietnam)
Influence of Polymer on The Optical Properties of Mn Doped ZnS Nanocrystalline
Thin Films Synthesized by Chemical Method

PP-25 Agus Supriyanto, Kusminarto, Kuwat Triyana, Roto, M.M. Salleh, A.A. Umar
(Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta)
Photosensitizer Effect of ITO/ Porphyrin/TiO /Al Structure of Heterojunction
2
Porphyrin and TiO Nanoparticle
2
PP-26 D.R. Wenas, Ellianawati, Hendro, R. Hidayat, Herman, R.E. Siregar, M.O.Tjia
(Department of Physics, UNIMA, Manado)
Spectroscopic and Optical Measurement for the Study of Molecular Arrangement
in Disperse Red-1 Thin Films Deposited by Electric-field-assisted PVD Method

83
ISMOA 2009
PP-27 Rahmah Mohamed (Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA
(UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor DE, Malaysia)
Refractive Indices and Waveguide Modes of Thin Film Natural Dione Doped
Acrylate using Prism Coupler Technique
PP-28 Norwimie Nawi,Rahmah Mohamed (Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti
Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor DE, Malaysia)
Optical properties and indentation hardness of thin film acrylated epoxidised oil
PP-29 Ayi Bahtiar, Fitrilawati, Annisa Aprilia (Laboratorium Fisika Material, Jurusan
Fisika, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Padjadjaran,
Kampus Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363 Jawa Barat, Indonesia)
Effect of Thermal Annealing on Optical Properties and Morphology of Thin Film
of P3HT-PCBM Blend*
PP-30 Norman Syakir, Pina Pitriana, Rahmatul Hidayati, Danil Purba, Fitrilawati,

Herman, Rahmat Hidayat (Department of Physics, FMIPA, Padjadjaran University,
Jl. Raya Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363, Indonesia)
Preparation of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Polymers doped with RGB Organic
Chromophores and their Characterizations
PP-31 Hendro, Daniel Kurnia, Mitra Djamal, Rahmat Hidayat, Masayoshi Ojima, Koji
Murata, Masanori Ozaki (Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentations,
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Indonesia)
Characteristics of Polymer Layer in Polymer Light Emitting Diode Investigated
by SPR Spectroscopy
84
ISMOA 2009
Contributed Posters
ABSTRACTS
Numerical Modeling of EDFL and Brillouin Erbium Fiber Laser
1 2 3
M. Kamil Abd-Rahman , S. Selvakennedy and H. Ahmad
1
Faculty of Applied Science, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Malaysia
2
School of Information Technologies, University of Sydney, Australia
3
Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur
Fiber lasers have gained great interest for applications in optical telecommunication systems
as the potential compatible laser sources [1,2] with high output powers and narrow
linewidths. Much work has been on investigation into the behaviour of erbium-doped fiber
lasers (EDFL) [3-5] and Brillouin erbium fiber lasers (BEFL) [6-8]. However the modeling
activities of the EDFL [9] and the BEFL [10] are not as extensive as compared to the erbium-
doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) [11-23] systems. Several analytical models of the EDFL have
been developed for two-, three- and four-level ion-transitions that are applicable to dopants
3+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 3+
such as Er , Nd , Yb , Tm and Pr [15]. In another analytical model, the optimal
reflectivity and the fiber length of the EDFL [3] and optimal output parameters of a tunable
EDFL could be determined [1], while one suggested an accurate and simple laser model to
predict fiber laser oscillating wavelength [24]. Numerical models [9,25] for the analyses of
the EDFLs have been demonstrated in which one had derived analytical equations from a
proposed alternative theoretical model.
Here we present a rigorous numerical model for the analysis of a continuous wave
operation of the EDFL and BEFL. The simulation is developed as an enhancement to the
EDFA model by incorporating the feedback mechanism for the cyclical propagation in the
cavity [9]. The results of the laser model in a steady state condition are values that are cross-
checked with the experimental data. Using the numerical approach for the model allows the
study of the ring laser behaviour during its transient period, which is not readily investigated
by means of experimental approach. The manner in which the modes compete before lasing
in the ring cavity and the process of lasing mode selection are well depicted in the model.
Erbium doped fibre ring laser is modeled using the standard propagation and rate equations of
a homogeneous, twolevel gain medium. The numerical simulations provide comparable
results with the experimental data of the EDFL and BEFL peak power, lasing wavelength,
lasing threshold and slope efficiency.
drkamil@salam.uitm.edu.my
87
ISMOA 2009
PP-01
Photonic manipulation of the fluorescent protein emission: bright state
emission rates and color control
1 1 2
Christian Blum , Yanina Cesa , Johanna M. van den Broek , Muhammad Danang
2 2 2
Birowosuto , Allard P. Mosk , Willem L. Vos
1
and Vinod Subramaniam
1
Biophysical Engineering Group, Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The
Netherlands.
2
Complex Photonic Systems (COPS), Faculty of Science and Technology and MESA+
Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The
Netherlands.
c.blum@tnw.utwente.nl
The discovery, development, and use of genetically-encodable visible fluorescent proteins
(VFPs) has provided revolutionary new capabilities to visualize molecular and cellular
biological processes. The photophysical complexity of VFPs makes the determination of
fundamental emission properties difficult using conventional methods, e.g. to determine the
quantum efficiency, of which greatly differing values can be found in the literature. One
reason for the great deviance in reported valus is the existance of dark states. To overcome the
influence of dark states we performed experiments using a method that exclusively measures
emitting states of a chromophore. We controled the local density of optical states by
positioning the fluorescent protein at precisely defined distances from a metallic mirror. The
distance-dependent modification of the local density of states results in a characteristic
oscillation in the fluorescence decay rate that was monitored by fluorescence lifetime
microscopy. From the characteristic oscillation of the emission lifetime with the distance
from the mirror we determined the radiative and nonradiative decay rates of the emitting
states, and by extension, a set of relevant photophysical parameters of the protein including
quantum efficiency and emission oscillator strength.
For the fluorescent protein EGFP we determine the quantum efficiency to be Q = 72%
, which is markedly higher than the value of Q = 60% reported before, consistent with reports
that a significant fraction of green emitting proteins can reside in dark states even at very low
excitation intensities.
88
ISMOA 2009
PP-02
A metallic mirror in the vicinity of
an emitter modulates the local
density of photonic states, resulting
in a change in emission lifetime.
The method presented does not require measurements relative to a reference molecule
and specifically adresses emitting states and is especially potent for complex photophysical
systems like fluorescent proteins. We even envision the individual characterisation of
different emitting forms coexisting in many fluorescent proteins by analyzing the respective
decay components.
We further studied the emission of fluorescent proteins inside photonic crystals. We
demonstrate that the apparent emission color of the fluorescent protein can be controlled
externally by the photonic crystal. With increasing crystal lattice parameter, the proteins'
appearance turns from orange to red, and suddenly to green . The dramatic color changes
appear in sync with the theoretically expected redistribution of light emission around the
stop-band of the photonic crystal.
Our experiments show the potential of combining biological systems with
nanophotonics. This biophotonic engineering may be extended to control emission rates
and complex Forster energy transfer systems obtained by protein engineering.
1. Y. Cesa et al. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 2009. 11(14), p. 2525.
2. C. Blum et al. 2008. 4(4): p. 492
89
ISMOA 2009
PP-02
Study on Accuracy of Phase Shift Method in Measuring the Group
Delay of Two-Port Ring-Resonator
1, 2 1 1
Libianko Sianturi , H. P. Uranus , Herman Y. Kanalebe
1
Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Wisma Slipi,
Jl. Let. Jend. S. Parman Kav. 12, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia.
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Universitas HKBP Nommensen,
Jl. Sutomo No. 4A, Medan 20235, Indonesia.
libianko_96@yahoo.com, h.p.uranus@staff.uph.edu
The phase shift method (PSM) is an established technique for measuring the group delay of
optical components. This paper reports study on the accuracy the PSM measurement on the
group delay in two-port ring resonator (TPRR) circuit. The study was performed by
simulating the way that PSM measurement uses to extract the value of group delay and
compare the result with theoretical group delay calculated using the transfer matrix method.
Our study clarifies that the accuracy of PSM depends on the value of the modulating
frequency (f ) and the relative position of coupling constant () with respect to the critical
m
coupling point. The simulation results show that PSM will produce blunting of the group
delay spectrum. Decreasing the modulating frequency will decrease the blunting effect, but
on the other hand will also decrease the phase measurement accuracy. Hence, a trade-off will
be required for an accurate group delay measurement. Due to its extreme spectrum sharpness,
critical point will be the worst for PSM accuracy. In our work, we use device parameters:
effective index of ring and straight waveguide 1.6499, the attenuation constant of ring 0.8
dB/cm, the attenuation constant of straight waveguide 0.6 dB/cm, the round trip length of ring
11916.4 m, the wavelength of laser 1.55 m, and the length of the TPRR 5 cm. For this case,
simulation shows that measurement will produce an optimal accuracy at f of 10 MHz.
m
90
ISMOA 2009
PP-03
Unusual Brewster's Effect in Metamaterials
1,2 1
Fianti and Kamsul Abraha
1
Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UGM, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281
2
Jurusan Fisika FMIPA UNNES, Jl Sekaran, Gunungpati, Semarang 50229
fieanty@yahoo.com
Theoretical study on the elektromagnetics of Brewster effect in metamaterials has been done.
We found that electromagnetic waves have unusual propagating in it. Brewster's effect
phenomenon exists not only for transverse-magnetic (TM) waves (p waves) but also for
transverse-electric (TE) waves (s waves). According to this phenomenon, we need some
correction for Brewster's Law if electromagnetic waves propagate in metamaterials. We also
need to involve some properties of the media completely to get a correct result for analyzing
Brewster's effect in this media.
91
ISMOA 2009
PP-04
Optical and Localization Properties of Cylindrical Aggregates
1 2 2 1 1
M.L Nietiadi , S.M Vlaming , J. Knoester , A.A Iskandar , M.O Tjia
1
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung,
Indonesia
2
Zernike Institute for Advanced Material, Netherlands
mememaureen@yahoo.com
Dye aggregates are interesting physical systems due to their strong interaction with light and
their resemblance to natural light-harvesting systems. The interactions between molecules in
the aggregate lead to shared electronic excited states, known as excitons. We use a Frenkel
exciton model to analyze the optical properties of two such systems; namely the
bacteriochlorophyll and the synthetic C8S3 aggregates, both are characterized by cylindrical
geometry, differing however in the in-plane number of ring members and the detailed
configuration of the electric dipole moments. For the simple homogeneous case, it can be
shown by employing a two-level model, that the cylindrical symmetry dictates strong
selection rules for the optically allowed transitions to the collective electronic excited states.
In a more realistic model accommodating Gaussian disorder in the energy levels, the exciton
states become more localized and may only extend over parts of the cylinder. We show that
this behavior indeed occurs by analyzing the spatial extent of the autocorrelation function. As
a result of the localized nature of the relevant exciton states, the calculated optical oscillator
strength of both systems exhibit significant disoreder-induced violations of the optical
selection rules found in the ordered systems. Further, the extent of violation appears to
depend on the different geometrical stiffness of the systems in the transversal and axial
directions related to the in-plane ring members and the number of rings, respectively.
92
ISMOA 2009
PP-05
Quality Factor Enhancement of Photonic Crystal Microcavities with
respect to Lattice Variations
1 1 1 2
Alexander A. Iskandar , L.O. Osapoetra , Aimi Abass , Husin Alatas ,
1 3
May On Tjia and Hugo J.W.M. Hoekstra
1
Institut Teknologi Bandung, Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group, Jl. Ganesa 10,
Bandung 40132, Indonesia
2
Bogor Agricultural University, Theoretical Physics Division, Jl. Raya Darmaga, Bogor
16680, Indonesia
3
University of Twente, Integrated Optical Micro System Group, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE
Enschede, The Netherlands
iskandar@fi.itb.ac.id
Electric field distribution in and around the 2D PC cavity was calculated for different lattice
parameters using the Dyson formulation of the Green tensor. The results demonstrate the
sensitive effects of structural variation of the photonic crystal on the effectiveness of field
confinement in the cavity. Specifically, the Local Density of Optical States (LDOS) and field
exhibit increased confinement with increasing layer numbers. Further, it is also found that
The LDOS as well as the Quality factor of the microcavity shows similar variations with
respect to the inner-most layer shifts of the photonic crystals.
93
ISMOA 2009
PP-06
Suppression of discrete cladding mode resonances in fibre slanted
Bragg grating for gain equalisation
Arif Hidayat
Physics Department
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
State University of Malang
arif_fisum@yahoo.co.id
In a slanted Bragg grating, coupling between the fundamental guided mode and the counter
propagating cladding modes result in discrete resonances in the transmission spectrum.
These resonances are a drawback when Slanted Bragg Grating are used for gain flattening of
fibers amplifiers. A new method based on a chemical etching of the cladding is proposed
leading to an of the resonances and a reduction of the amplitude of the modulation. This
method can be applied for any value of photo induced modulation amplitude in the Slanted
Bragg Grating.
94
ISMOA 2009
PP-07
Single Wavelength PCF based BFL Using a Narrowband FBG
1 2 2
Nurul Shahrizan Shahabuddin , Zulfadzli Yusoff , Azin Adamiat ,
2 3
Hairul Azhar Abdul Rashid and Sulaiman Wadi Harun
1
Photonics Laboratory, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Malaysia
2
Center for Advanced Devices and Systems, Faculty of Engineering, Multimedia
University, Persiaran Multimedia, 63100 Cyberjaya, Selangor, Malaysia
3
Department of Electrical, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
nshahrizan@yahoo.com
Utilization of a very narrowband fiber Bragg grating in the development of a Brillouin fiber
laser (BFL) is proposed. A linear cavity BFL configuration is demonstrated using a 100 m
long photonic crystal fiber , an optical circulators, a 3 dB coupler, a 95/5 coupler and a very
narrowband FBG to allow high efficiency. The bandwidth of the FBG allows the suppression
of the transmitted BP peak power. The BFL output ratio and the BP power determine the
magnitude of the suppression. With a Brillouin pump (BP) power of 17 dBm, the laser peak
power is 36 dB higher than the transmitted BP peak power at an upshifted wavelength of 0.08
nm from the BP wavelength.
95
ISMOA 2009
PP-08
Design of Si N -based Integrated Optical Programmable Power
3 4
Splitter
1,2.* 3 4
H. P. Uranus , H. J. W. M. Hoekstra , and R. Stoffer
1
Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan,
Wisma Slipi, Jl. Let. Jend. S. Parman, Kav. 12, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia
2
Undergraduate Program in Electrical Engineering, University of Pelita Harapan,
UPH Tower, Lippo Village, Tangerang 15811, Indonesia.
3
Integrated Optical MicroSystems (IOMS) Group,
+
MESA Institute for Nanotechnology,University of Twente,
P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.
4
Phoenix BV, Hengelosestraat 705, 7521 PA, Enschede, The Netherlands
h.p.uranus@alumnus.utwente.nl
Controllable splitting of optical power with a large splitting ratio range is often required in an
integrated optical chip, e.g. for the readout of phase shift in a slow-light sensor. In this work,
we report the design of an integrated optical programmable power splitter consisting of a Y-
junction with programmable phase shifter cascaded to a directional coupler. We used a
vectorial mode solver, and a combination of a transfer matrix method and a 3-D vectorial
coupled-mode theory (CMT) to compute the power transfer ratio of a realistic device
structure made of Si N , TEOS, and SiO with cross-section as shown in the inset of the figure,
3 4 2
and used the results to design a programmable power splitter with more than 20 dB power
ratio range. In the simulations, waveguide attenuation values derived from measured
attenuation of prefabricated test wafer, has been taken into account. Vectorial modal fields of
mode of individual waveguide computed by a mode solver were used as the basis for the CMT
computation. In the simulation, a wavelength around 632.8 nm was used. For simplification,
the sine-bend parts of the coupler were replaced by circular bend in the simulation. Our
simulations reveal that maximum power splitting ratio can be achieved when the directional
coupler is operated as a 3-dB coupler with the phase shifter set to produce a 90 phase shift.
The required coupler length for such desired operating condition is highly dependent on the
gap size. On the other hand, the inclusion of the waveguide loss and the non-parallel section
of the directional coupler into the model only affect the results weakly.
96
ISMOA 2009
PP-09
Design and Simulation of SOI-based Micro-Ring Resonator for
CWDM applications
Dilla Duryha Berhanuddin, P Susthitha Menon and Sahbudin Shaari
Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics,
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia,
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor
MALAYSIA.
sahbudin@vlsi.eng.ukm.my
Micro ring resonators are ideal channel-dropping filters for coarse wavelength division
multiplexing (CWDM) applications at 1550 nm optical wavelength. Fabrication of this
photonic device on silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrates for application in optical
communication systems has generated interest recently as SOI materials have high index
contrast which contribute to strong electromagnetic confinement and integration density of
optics. They are also cost effective as the absolute cost and fabrication methodology of silicon
and SOI wafers are much cheaper compared to other exotic materials such as the III-V
compounds or lithium niobate (LiNbO3). This paper reports the design and simulation of a
SOI-based micro ring resonator, coupled to submicron-width waveguides for CWDM
application. Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) solutions of the full-wave Maxwell's
equation was used to characterize the key optical design parameters such as the free spectral
range (FSR), finesse and Q-factor and to further optimize the performance of the resonator.
ISMOA 2009
PP-10
97
Fabrication of Two Dimensional Grating by Laser Interference
Method and It's Lasing Characteristic
1 2 1 1 1
Sahrul Hidayat , Rahmat Hidayat , Fitrilawati , Ayi Bahtiar , R.E. Siregar , and
3
Masanori Ozaki
1
Physics Department, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
2
Physics of Magnetic and Photonic Research Division,
Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
3
Division of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Osaka University, Yamada-Oka 2-1, Suita, Osaka, Japan
sahrulh@yahoo.com
Two dimensional gratings have been fabricated by laser interference method on hybrid
polymer films doped with DCM. The gel precursor of hybrid polymer was synthesized by sol-
gel route using Trimethoxysilyl-propyl-methacrylate (TMSPMA). The film was exposed by
laser interference of Nd-YAG laser yield square lattice of 2D-grating with periodicities 391
nm and 405 nm. The characteristic of lasing was investigated using strip-line excitation light
of SHG Nd-YAG laser ( = 532 nm). The lasing wavelengths are observed at (588 nm 2) and
(606 nm 2 nm) for grating periodicity of 391 nm and 405 nm, respectively. The spectral width
2
(FWHM) of lasing is about 2 nm at pumping power 6 mJ/pulse.cm .
98
ISMOA 2009
PP-11
The effect of cationic ring opening polymerisation on the fluorescence
characteristics of Triarylamine-derivatived oxetane film
Paula Santi Rudati
Jurusan Teknik Elektro POLBAN, Indonesia
psrudati@yahoo.com
The quenching effect on the hole conductor layer based on crosslinked triarylamine
derivatived oxetane films has been investigated. This quenching effect reduces the
fluorescence characteristics of the films. Three kinds of crosslinking mechanism were
studied in this work. They are the (1) oxidative crosslinking, (2) photo crosslinking, and (3)
trityl crosslinking. The results of photoluminescence measurements show that the (1)
oxidative crosslinking gives rise to the highest quenching effect in the film. The (2) photo
crosslinking shows a lower quenching effect than the quenching effect in an oxidative
crosslinked film. The (3) trityl crosslinking does not show the quenching effect in the
crosslinked film. It is found that this quenching effect is caused dominantly by the presence of
cationic radical species in films and can be used to indicate the relative amount of cationic
radical in films. Therefore, in organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) application, the
presence of this cationic radical will reduce the efficiency of devices.
ISMOA 2009
PP-12
99
Design and Fabrication of One-Dimensional Photonic Crystal Based
Optical Sensor
1 2 3 2
M. Rahmat , T. P. Negara , Irmansyah , H. Alatas
1
Biophysics Division, Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University
2
Theoretical Physics Division, Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University
3
Applied Physics Division, Department of Physics, Bogor Agricultural University
Jl. Meranti, Kampus IPB Dramaga, Bogor 16680, Indonesia
alatas@ipb.ac.id
A previous theoretical study of a finite one-dimensional photonic crystal composed of 12 unit
cells with two defects had shown the existence of Photonic Pass Band (PPB) inside the Stop
Band, which was suggested as a useful refractive index sensor due to the sensitive variation of
PPB with respect to the change of refractive index of either defect layer material. We report in
this presentation our successful fabrication of a prototype of this system by means of electron
-3
beam evaporation equipment in a sample chamber at a pressure of 10 Pa with BK-7 glass
substrate at 573 K. Each of the photonic cells is composed of a high index layer of OS-5 with
refractive index of n = 2.10, and an equal thickness layer of low index MgF with n = 1.38. In
2
the first defect cell, the high index layer has twice the thickness of the other layers with the
low index layer left unchanged, while in the second defect cell separated by 4 unit cells, the
first layer is void to be filled with the sample solution. The device was used for measuring in
the real time mode, the refractive index of sugar solution with concentration range of 20-100
g/L. The result was found to achieve determination coefficient of more than 90%. Further
measurement performed has demonstrated a result in good agreement with theoretical
prediction reported previously.
100
ISMOA 2009
PP-13
Laser-based wavelength modulation and photoacoustic spectrometers
for NO and NO detection
2
1 2 2 2 2
Mitrayana , T. Pierera , B.W.M. Moeskops , S. Persijn , H. Naus ,
2 1 3
F.J.M. Harren , M.A.J. Wasono , and W. Rochmah
1
Atomic and Nuclear Physics Lab. Physics Dept. Gadjah Mada University Indonesia
2
Molecular and Laser Physics Dept. Radboud University of Nijmegen, the Netherlands
3
Medical Faculty of Gadjah Mada University Indonesia
mitrayana@ugm.ac.id
We have developed two kinds of laser based spectrometers, i.e., quantum cascade laser based
wavelength modulation spectrometer (WMS) and violet diode laser based photoacoustic
spectrometer (PAS). Wavelength modulation techniques are characterized by a modulation
frequency that is much smaller than the half-width of the absorption peak. The modulation of
the intensity that follows as a consequence of the modulation of the frequency through the
injection current can, in turn, for most practical purpose be considered to be linear with
respect to the injection current. Most of the harmonic that is used in the wavelength
modulation technique is the second harmonic. The photoacoustic spectroscopy is based on
conversion of laser energy to acoustic phenomena in the sample medium. When a gas
molecule absorbs a photon, it goes from its ground state to an exited state. The molecule can
then lose this energy and return to the ground state via molecular de-excitation. From the gas
law it is clear that in the enclosed volume of the photoacoustic cell, the modulation of the gas
temperature resulted in a periodic pressure fluctuation with a modulation frequency equal to
the optical modulation frequency. This pressure fluctuation is, of course, a sound wave and as
such it is readily detectable with a microphone. In this paper, we present the performance of
two kind of laser based wavelength modulation and photoacoustic spectrometer systems.
The performance of the Quantum Cascade and violet diode laser-driven for
wavelength modulation and photoacoustic system, respectively, was explored and the
sensors were applied to monitor the NO and NO in the urban air. That's set-up have a
2
detection limit 20 ppbv at STP for NO and 0.8 ppbv for NO. Figure (1), show the values of
2
th
NO and NO concentration from urban air around 3:00 PM June 15 , 2006 measured by the
2
wavelength modulation and photoacoustic system, respectively.
101
ISMOA 2009
PP-14
Figure 1 Concentration of NO and NO
2
th
from urban air around 3:00 PM June 15 , 2006
Raman study of lattice modes in ferrolectric perovskite Pb Ba TiO
1-x x 3
1 1 1,2
Nguyen Van Minh , Pham Van Doan , Doan Thi Thuy Phuong
1
2
University of Transport and Communications, Lang Thuong, Dongda, Hanoi
We use Raman spectroscopy to study the lattice dynamical behavior of ferroelectric
perovskite Pb Ba TiO . The dependence of structure, Raman spectroscopy and absorption
1-x x 3
spectra of Pb Ba TiO on the content of Ba were investigated.
1-x x 3
The structure of Pb Ba TiO becomes multiphase when x > 0.20 (Fig. 1). This result
1-x x 3
is in agreement with Raman analysis (Fig. 2).
Fig.1 XRD patterns of Pb Ba TiO Fig.2 Raman spectra of Pb Ba TiO vs. Ba content
1-x x 3 1-x x 3
The Raman scattering spectrum of the PbTiO nanowires with a 514.5 nm incident
3
wavelength recorded at room temperature was shown in Fig. 2. As can be seen three
- 1
characteristic major bands were centered at around 163, 216 and 281cm , which were
assigned to the lattice vibration mode A1(1TO), E(2TO), E+B , respectively. In our case, the
1
frequencies of three vibration modes were lower (redshift) than that observed in the published
data It is found that impurities or defects in semiconductors affect the Raman linewidth, and
.
the FWHM value is inversely proportional to the phonon lifetime. From this data we also
investigate the lifetime of phonons in the Pb Ba TiO Absorption edge shifts to lower
1-x x 3.
wavelength (higher energy) as a signal of the change in band gap.
minhsp@yahoo.com
102
ISMOA 2009
PP-15
3+
The Optical Properties of ZnO, ZnO:Tb Nanocrystals Prepared by
Forced Hydrolysis Method
Nguyen Minh Thuy and Ngo Ngoc Hoa
Faculty of Physics, Ha Noi National University of Education
136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam
thuynm@hnue.edu.vn; congthuymaithu@gmail.com
3+
In this study we have prepared Tb doped ZnO nanocrystals by forced hydrolysis method. It
3+
is known that the Tb ions in the ZnO lattice have the role of photoluminescence centre. We
analyzed the conditions of preparation aiming to reduce the crystalline size, and thereby
improve the luminescence quality of the materials.
X-ray diffraction patterns XRD and SEM images of the prepared samples show that
3+
ZnO and ZnO:Tb samples belong to zinc oxide hexagonal wurzite structure and the size of

particles is about 15 nm. The peaks (101) and (110) of XRDare systematically shifted with Tb
concentration increasing, which indicated a Tb incorporation into ZnO lattice. The
crystalline size of the samples was calculated from the Scherrer formula. The average
crystalline size of the samples is about 12 nm. Figure 2 shows the SEM image of ZnO:5 %Tb
(a) and 7.5 %Tb (b). One can see that the particle size is approximately 10 - 20 nm.
Photoluminescence (PL) spectrum of the sample ZnO:5%Tb with excitation
3+
wavelength of 325 nm is given in Figure 2. The emission peaks originated from Tb 4f 4f
transition appears at 434, 490, 543, 587 and 620nm on the background of a broad band. The
emission spectra of ZnO:Tb samples under the excitation of 488 nm (Fig.3) show the
characteristic emission peaks at 543, 585 and 620nm corresponding to the transition
(j= 5, 4 and 3 respectively). Since the PL spectra also show a broadband emission, it is
3+
suggested that some excited carrie s on Tb centers relax to surface states.
Photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of samples with 2.5, 5 and 7.5%Tb were
detected using 544 nm line and presented in Fig. 4. The peak at 488 nm represents absorption
3+
transitions in 4f energy levels of Tb . It is known that electric dipole (ED) transition
between 4f states in the free RE ions are parity forbidden; whereas the ED transitions are
partially allowed with weak intensity while RE ions occupy lattice or interstitial sites in the
condensed matter such as ZnO, which has large absorption transition probabilities due to
direct band gap.
r

Figure 1. SEM images of ZnO:Tb with the molar ratio of Tb to Zn: 5% (a) and 7.5%(b)
a
b
j
F D
7
4
5
( )
6
7
4
5
F D
103
ISMOA 2009
PP-16
Therefore, most excited carriers trapped at Tb centers come from band-gap absorption in ZnO
3+
matrix and a small part results from 4f-4f absorption transitions in Tb ions. The
3+
photoluminescence excitation spectrum shows that the green emission of ion Tb has the
highest intensity at excitation wavelength of 488 nm. With the excitation wavelength of 488
3+
nm, the photoluminescence emission spectra of ZnO : Tb has the characteristic emission
3+
peaks at 543 nm, 584 nm and 619 nm originating from the intraionic transitions of Tb (from
5 7
D to the basic state F with j = 4, 5, 6).
4 j
The optical absorption spectra of ZnO:Tb samples show that the value of band gap
of the samples ZnO:Tb increased with increasing Tb content. The spectra show clear features
at 488 nm, what related to Tb incorporation.

Figure 2. PL spectrum of the sample ZnO:5%Tb
with excitation wavelength of 325nm

Figure3. PL of the ZnO:Tb samples with
different Tb% under488nm
Figure 4. PLE of sample with 2.5%, 5% and 7.5% Tb
detected at 544 nm

104
ISMOA 2009
PP-16
Sol-gel synthesis and optical characterization of SrTi Co O
1-x x 3
nanoparticles
1,2 1
Doan Thi Thuy Phuong and Nguyen Van Minh
1
2
thuyphuongdt@yahoo.com
Nanopowders of SrTi Co O (x = 0.000.30) were prepared by sol- gel method. Sr(NO ) ,
1-x x 3 3 2
Co(NO ) .6H O, TiC H O , H O ethylene glycol, acid citric and distiled water are employed
3 2 2 12 28 4 2 2,
as the starting cation sources. This solution mixture is thoroughly mixed using a stirrer. The
polymerization is then promoted by the addition of acid citric and ethylene glycol in the ratio
o o
3:2. This solution is heated at 200 C until become gel. The product was heated at 250 C for 2
o
hrs. This powder is heated again at 600 C for 5 hrs. After that, the powder was pressed into
o
cylindrical pellets and finally sinterred at 900 C for 9 hrs.
X-ray diffraction patterns show the samples show single phase when x < 0.20 and
multiphase when x > 0.20 (Fig. 1). The particle of all samples seem to be very homogeneous
and its size is about 20 nm (Fig. 2).
Fig.1 XRD patterns of SrTi Co O samples. Fig. 2 SEM image of the SrTi Co O powder. For
1-x x 3 1-x x 3
clarify, we show only one image.
Absorption spectra show the change in band gap edge. This suggests the Co doped content
has effect on the optical properties of samples. By this way, we can annealed samples at lower
temperature than that of traditional solid state method.The Raman scattering analysis
suggests the dissolvable limit of Co in the SrTiO . The result of the study suggest not only a
3
new route in preparing sample but also investigating the role of Co and its effect on the
electrical, optical and multiferroic of SrTiO system.
3
105
ISMOA 2009
PP-17
Structure and optical property of Ba Sr TiO
1-x x 3
1,2 1
Doan Thi Thuy Phuong Pham Thi Xuan Huu and Nguyen Van Minh
1
2
thuyphuongdt@yahoo.com
Ferroelectric materials are of interest for a variety of technologies including tunable
microwave applications. In particular, Ba Sr TiO (BST) is frequently researched due to its
1- x x 3
high dielectric constant and tunability dependence of the dielectric constant on an applied
electric field. A number of theoretical and experimental studies have examined the
relationship between structure, optical property and the dielectric behavior of this material.
In this presentation we present the preparation, structure and optical property of Ba Sr TiO
1- x x 3
(x = 0.00 0.40). The single phase appears in case of x < 0.20 and multiphase for x > 0.30.
This can be seen in the Fig.1. The shift in Raman is as a signal to determine the disorder and
impurity in the sample (Fig.2). The absorption edge vs. Sr content indicates the change in
band gap of samples. The effect of the Sr content on structure and optical property of BST are
investigated.
Fig.1 XRD patterns of Ba Sr TiO Fig. 2 Raman spectra of Ba Sr TiO
1- x x 1- x x 33

106
ISMOA 2009
PP-18
Influence of Annealed Temperature and Ph Level on the
2+
Photoluminescence Spectra and the Band Gap of ZnS:Mn Nano-
Powder and Thin Films
1 1 2
Nguyen Quang Hoc , Tran Minh Thi and Nguyen Minh Vuong
1
Faculty of Physics, Hanoi University of Education, Vietnam
2
Laboratory Center, Quynhon University, Vietnam
hocnq@hnue.edu.vn
2+
Our report presents the production of ZnS:Mn 9% nano-powder sample and ZnS:Mn 9%
0 0 0
thin film sample with different pH at the annealed temperatures of 80 C, 200 C, 300 C and
0
400 C. From the X-ray spectra, it is possible to calculate the average grain size about 2,5 nm
to 5 nm. These results are in agreement with that of TEM. The photoluminescence spectra of
samples are measured using the laser source with the wavelength of 325nm. The results
shown that the annealed temperature effected the photoluminescence spectra of samples. The
2+ o
analytical results shown that the ZnS:Mn samples at the annealed temperature of 80 C have
2+
the best photoluminescence spectra. The band gap of ZnS:Mn 9% thin film decreases the
annealed temperature increases. We also give the explanation of these properties.
107
ISMOA 2009
PP-19
Attenuated total reflection spectra of giant dielectric CaCu Ti O thin
3 4 12
films in the Kretschmann-Raether configuration
Kamsul Abraha, Asih Melati
Physics Department, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
melati-asih@mail.ugm.ac.id
A theoretical study of the attenuated reflection (ATR) spectra on the surface of the giant
dielectric constant CaCu Ti O thin films has been done. This study gives an ATR-based
3 4 12
theoretical description of the surface and bulk modes in the far-infrared spectral region in the
Kretschmann-Raether configuration where the material thin films are directly deposited on
the Si prism base. The spectra confirm the existence of the surface phonon-polaritons that can
only propagate in TM (Transverse Magnetic) modes and they are resiprocal in the sense that
the change of wave vector direction does not change the frequency, whereas there is no
surface modes that propagate in TE (Transverse Electric) modes, but only the bulk polaritons
have been found.
108
ISMOA 2009
PP-20
3+
Characterizes of the Radiative and Nonradiative Transitions in Nd -
Doped Near-Stochiometric LiNbO Crystal
3
1 2
D.P. Ngurah Made , M.R. Sahar
1
Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Sciences, Semarang State
University, Indonesia
2
Advanced Optical Material Research Group, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia, Skudai, Johor DT 81310, Malaysia
ngurahmade_dp@staff.unnes.ac.id
3+
This paper reports on the results of spectroscopic analysis of the transition of Nd -doped
near-stochiometric LiNbO (SLN). The line strengths of several transitions (f-f transitions)
3
from the ground state to excited state manifolds are analyzed from the measured polarized
absorption spectra in 300-1000 nm range using Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters. The
4 4
dominant transition occurs in the F I channel with the quantum efficiency = 74%.
3/2 11/2
From the semi-logarithmic decay curve of Nd:SLN, its have been identified multiphonon
4 3+
relaxation rate of F channel and energy transfer between the neodymium ions (Nd ) which
3/2
-1 -1
had small values, 1382 s and 948 s , respectively.

109
ISMOA 2009
PP-21
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Mn- Doped Zinc Sulfide
Nanoparticles
Do Thi Sam, Nguyen Minh Thuy and Tran Minh Thi
Faculty of Physics, Ha Noi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay,
Ha Noi, Vietnam
dothisamsp@yahoo.com
In this work, ZnS:Mn nanoparticles were synthesized by wet chemical technique at room
temperature. The samples were prepared in the pH range of 3,5 5,5. The samples were
chracterized by X- ray difraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),
absoption and photoluminenscence (PL)
The average particle size were confirmed, using XRD and TEM observation to be
about 34 nm. The direct band gap energy of ZnS:Mn for all samples with doping
concentration from 5 to 10 at.% is found to be about 4,2 eV. The samples strongly
luminescenced.
110
ISMOA 2009
PP-22
Nature of the Structural Phase Transition in CuCl (C H CH CH NH )
4 6 5 2 2 3 2
1,2 2 2 1 1
R. Miranti , A. Caretta , A.H. Arkenbout , R. Hidayat , M.O.Tjia ,
2 2
T.T.M. Palstra , P.H.M. Loosdrecht
1
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
2
Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Netherlands
ranimiranti@yahoo.co.id
Hybrid materials combine the attractive physical properties inorganic materials with the
versatility of organic materials. One interesting example is CuCl (C H CH CH NH )
4 6 5 2 2 3 2
(Tetrachloro-bis-(phenyl ethyl ammonium) Cupper (II), PEA-CuCl with inorganic and
4
organic moieties arranged into an infinite two dimensional crystal network [1]. The inorganic
component (CuCl corner sharing octahedral) forms 2D perovskite like layers. The organic
4
molecules are a cationic amine-complexes and order perpendicularly to the inorganic layers.
The connection between inorganic-organic molecules is provided by both Coulomb
interactions and hydrogen bonds between the amine head and the chloride corners. This
+ 9
material is a ferromagnetic insulator with Jahn-Teller active Cu 2 d ions which are
responsable for a cooperative distortion of the octahedra along the in-plane direction. X-ray
diffraction measurements have indicated orientational disorder of the organic molecules at
room temperature which freezes out at low temperatures. In order to study the nature of this
structural instability we performed a temperature dependend polarized Raman study in a
backscattering geometry.
Structural phase transitions may be classified into two kinds: displacive and
order-disorder transitions. Theoretical studies of coupled double-well potentials have
shown that the type of phase transition depends on the strength of the harmonic coupling.
Roughly speaking, if the coupling constant is larger than the barrier height the phase
transition is displacive, whereas if coupling is weaker it is of the order-disorder type [2]. Here,
we report on the observation of a structural phase transition in PEA-CuCl has as observed in
4
our temperature dependent Raman study, in which we in particular focus on the behavior of
the low energy librational raman active modes.
111
ISMOA 2009
PP-23
Influence of Polymer on The Optical Properties of Mn Doped ZnS
Nanocrystalline Thin Films Synthesized by Chemical Method
1 2 2
Tran Minh Thi , Bui Thi Hong Van , Pham Van Ben
1
Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam, 136 Xuan Thuy Road, Hanoi, Vietnam
2
College of Science, VNU, 334 Nguyen Trai road, Vietnam
tranminhthi@hnue.edu.vn
In this paper, we present the optical properties of polymer-capped Mn doped ZnS
nanocrystalline thin films synthesized by chemical and spin-coating methods. The PVA did
not affect the microstructure of ZnS nanomaterials. The particles with nanosize within the
polymer matrix are confirmed by TEM image. The effect of polyvinynalcohol (PVA) content
on the direct band gap of Mn doped ZnS thin films is calculated from data of absorption
measurement. The values of direct band gap are belong to the range of 3.73 eV and 3.9 eV. In
addition, we also have investigated the photoluminescence and the time-resolved-
luminescence spectra of these films and explained their luminescence mechanism. The
obtained results allow us to explain their optical properties by quantum confinement effect of
ZnS nanoparticles in the polymer PVA matrix.
112
ISMOA 2009
PP-24
Photosensitizer Effect of ITO/ Porphyrin/TiO /Al Structure of
2
Heterojunction Porphyrin and TiO Nanoparticle
2
1,2 2 2 3
Agus Supriyanto , Kusminarto , Kuwat Triyana , Roto ,
4 4
M.M. Salleh , A.A. Umar
1
Department of Physics, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta
2
Department of Physics, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta
3
Department of Chemistry, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta
4
Institute of Microengineering and Nanoelectronics (IMEN), Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM, Bangi, Selangor.
agusf22@yahoo.com
Structure devices of ITO/Porphyrin/TiO /Alumunium has been fabricated and its
2
-2
performance has been tested in dark and under illumination various from 10 to 100 mWcm
light. Four samples of Porphyrin have been used in the device, namely 1, 3, 5 and 7 layers
coating. The first, TiO films were deposited onto ITO-covered glass substrate by controlled
2
hydrolysis technique assisted with spin coating technique. Then Porphyrin film were
deposited on TiO using spin coating technique. Porphyrin has been isolated spirulina
2
microalgae. The films were characterized by ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrophotometer
to investigate the optical absorption. The maximum absorption of the film is at 660 nm which
is in the red region. An alumunium electrode was prepared on chlorophyll films by electron
beam evaporation technique. The device shows the rectification property in dark and shows
the photosensitizer effect under illumination. The device with 3 layers coats Porphyrin film

-2
shows the highest J of 1.14 Acm , V of 648 mV.
sc oc
ISMOA 2009
PP-25
113
Spectroscopic and Optical Measurements for the Study of Molecular
Arrangement in Disperse Red-1 Thin Films Deposited by Electric
Field Assisted PVD Method
1 2 2 2 2 3 2
D.R. Wenas , Ellianawati , Hendro , R. Hidayat , Herman , R.E. Siregar , M.O.Tjia
1
Department of Physics, UNIMA, Manado
2
Physics of Magnetic and Photonic Research Group division, FMIPA, ITB, Bandung
3
Department of Physics, Padjadjaran University, Bandung
roy.wenas@yahoo.com
Disperse Red 1 (DR1) films have been prepared by Electric field-assisted Physical Vapour
Deposition (E-PVD) method at various external electric field strengths on the ITO substrate.
The resulted films were characterized and analyzed by using UV-Vis and X-ray diffraction
and SPR spectroscopy. The XRD data show growing diffracting peak with increasing field
corresponding to increasing number of molecules deposited with the head-to-tail stacking
along the molecular chain. Further, the result of spectroscopic measurement indicates electric
field induced enhancement of aggregation effect of the molecules in parallel polar
arrangements, which is complemented by intensity reduction of absorption by the residual
molecules left lying on the substrate in anti-parallel polar arrangement. Finally, the
reflectometric data show a rising trend of the optical refractive index of the films produced
with increasing electric field. This result is consistent with the frequency of SPR measured by
ATR method.
114
ISMOA 2009
PP-26
Refractive Indices and Waveguide Modes of Thin Film Natural Dione
Doped Acrylate using Prism Coupler Technique
Rahmah Mohamed
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor DE, Malaysia
drrahmah@gmail.com
Acrylate doped polymer had been used for various photonic applications as waveguide,
electrooptic modulators, sensors etc. In this study, natural dione chromophore had been used
as dopant for cyclomer acrylate in the formation of dye doped waveguide with nonlinear
characteristic. Planar Thin films of doped acrylate fabricated by spin coating technique onto
glass substrate undergone uv curing before postbaking and characterised by prism coupler
technique. Optical properties such as refractive index and thickness of the thin films were
analysed with two different laser wavelength of 633nm and 1550nm for undoped and doped
systems. Optical parameters and waveguide mode characteristics obtained showed that
refractive index were affected by the presence of dopant and variation in measured
temperature. Doped thin film acrylate excited with 633nm He Ne Laser exhibited higher
number of waveguide modes compared to use of 1550nm laser source. Refractive index,
waveguide modes and thickness of film had been calculated at two directions TE and TM
mode using laser wavelength of 1550nm. Refractive indices differences showed small
birefringence effect and multimode waveguide having more than one modes were obtained
from all films investigated.
115
ISMOA 2009
PP-27
Optical Properties and Indentation Hardness of Thin Film Acrylated
Epoxidised Oil
Norwimie Nawi,Rahmah Mohamed
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450 Shah Alam,
Selangor DE, Malaysia
nawimie@gmail.com
Epoxy acrylate had been used widely for optical resin with specific uses such as for
cladding,core in waveguide and other photonic devices.In this study,sustainable resin from
edible oil was used as alternative to epoxy acrylate.Structural features and transmission of
planar thin film resin from FTIR and UV VIS spectrometer had been investigated upon UV
exposure.It was found that high transmission still persists for all samples with and without
UV absorber for exposed and unexposed samples .Film was found to absorb strongly below
400nm.Change of cutoff wavelength were observed upon exposure. Thin film hardness, its
dynamic indentation at load-unload mode with different test force were evaluated. Vickers
hardness, indentation modulus and elastic modulus were determined for unacrylated
epoxidised oil and acrylated epoxy. It was found that the epoxy triacrylate have higher values
of Vickers hardness and elastic modulus than unacrylated thin film. Vickers hardness and
elastic modulus, Eit were found to increase as the test force applied is increased.
Photosensitive epoxy acrylate having high transparency from visible to near infra red
wavelength were used in this study. Its properties such as refractive index, thickness and
modes present are characterized from a spin coated planar thin film. Refractive index at
transverse electric mode (TE) and magnetic mode (TM) were determined and compared for
unacrylated and acrylated epoxidised oil.
116
ISMOA 2009
PP-28
Effect of Thermal Annealing on Optical Properties and Morphology of
Thin Film of P3HT-PCBM Blend
Ayi Bahtiar, Fitrilawati, Annisa Aprilia
Laboratorium Fisika Material, Jurusan Fisika
Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Padjadjaran, Kampus
Jatinangor, Sumedang 45363 Jawa Barat, Indonesia
ayi.bahtiar@phys.unpad.ac.id
We studied thermal annealing effect of active layer poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)-[6,6]-
phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester blends (PCBM) on optical properties, surface
morphology, and performance of solar cells. The Uv-Vis spectra show that thermal annealing
leads to increase of degree of polymer ordering. The annealing process is also shown to
enhance the photoluminesence intensity, indicating reduction of interface area between the
P3HT and PCBM as confirmed by the measurement of surface morphology of thin film of
P3HT-PCBM blend.
117
ISMOA 2009
PP-29
Preparation of Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Polymers doped with RGB
Organic Chromophores and their Characterizations
1 1 1 1 1
Norman Syakir , Pina Pitriana , Rahmatul Hidayati , Danil Purba , Fitrilawati ,
2 2
Herman , Rahmat Hidayat
1
Department of Physics, FMIPA, Padjadjaran University, Jl. Raya Jatinangor, Sumedang
45363, Indonesia
2
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Reseach Group, FMIPA, ITB, Bandung, Jl.
Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
n.syakir@unpad.ac.id
We synthesized hybrid organic-inorganic polymer exhibiting emission properties of RGB
organic chromophores. The hybrid organic-inorganic polymer was prepared from an
organically modified siloxane monomer using sol-gel technique. RGB organic
chromophores such as Nile red (Red), Coumarine 6 (Green) and Coumarine 1 (Blue) that
exhibit strong luminescence properties were incorporated as doped materials. The effect of
some synthesis parameters on the gel is shown to enhance the luminescence efficiency. The
characterization results, using FT-IR, NMR, UV-Vis absorption and luminescence
spectroscopy will be presented.
118
ISMOA 2009
PP-30
Characteristics of Polymer Layer in Polymer Light Emitting Diode
Investigated by SPR Spectroscopy
1 2 1 2
Hendro , Daniel Kurnia , Mitra Djamal , Rahmat Hidayat ,
3 3 3
Masayoshi Ojima , Koji Murata , Masanori Ozaki
1
Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentations, Faculty of Mathematics and

Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
2
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Research Division, Faculty of Mathematics and
Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia
3
Division of Electrical, Electronics and Information Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,
Osaka University, Japan
hendro@fi.itb.ac.id
Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) has been much employed for investigating very thin
molecular layer and a very small amount of molecules adsorbed at a functionalized dielectric
layer. In this work, we employed SPR spectroscopy to investigate the characteristics of
conjugated (semiconductor) polymer layer at the interface polymer/electrode inside a
polymer light emitting diode (p-LED) structure. The investigated p-LED has a multilayer
structure of Al/MEH-PPV/Ag, where the silver (Ag) layer has been made to be very thin of
about 50 nm in order to allow Plasmon generation. The thickness of polymer layer is about
100 nm. Under the excitation of He-Ne laser, the SPR dip was observed in the reflectance
spectrum at the incident angle at 20 - 85, depending on the incident angle. The SPR dip
appears at the angle that is corresponding to SPR at Ag/air interface. However, the
experimental results show that the SPR spectra are slightly influenced by MEH-PPV layer as
the substrate of the metal layer. We suggest that the SPR wave also spread into the substrate
layer. SPR spectra were then taken when voltage bias was applied to the p-LED, the change of
SPR spectra were observed depending on the bias voltage. This SPR spectra change is
suggested from the change of electronic spectra originated from the formation of excited state
by electric injection at the polymer layer close to the metal layer. Moreover, by correlating
with the I-V curve, we suggest that unusual I-V current pattern, which is commonly
associated with the accumulation of impurity at the electrode interface, is not originated from
Ag/polymer layer, but from ITO/polymer layer. As the lifetime of semiconductor
organic/polymer devices, including photovoltaic (solar) and photo-electrochemical cells, has
been becoming an important issue nowadays, this experimental result also show the
possibility of SPR technique for investigating the polymer characteristics and its degradation.
Acknowledgments:
One of the authors, Hendro, would like to acknowledge the support from DIKTI through the
short research visit program for graduate students in 2008. This work is also partially
supported by Riset Unggulan ITB 2009 and Riset KK ITB 2009.
119
ISMOA 2009
PP-31
Miscellaneous Informations
ISMOA 2009
Physics
Building
West Auditorium
Zone A
1. Sasana Budaya Ganesa
2. Mandala Siliwangi Stadion
3. Swimming Pool
Zone B
4. Student Regiment
5. Building III (Mathematics Dept.,
Astronomy Dept., Center for
Applied Mathematics)
6. Industrial Engineering Dept.
7,8. Mechanical Engineering Labs.
9. Mechanical Engineering Dept.,
Aerospace Engineering Dept.
10. Botanical Garden
11. Radio and Microwave
Telecommunication Lab.
12. West Lecture Building
13. Energy Conversion Lab.
Zone C
14. Multipurpose Building
15. Center for Microelectronics
16. North Gate
17. Sunken Court
18. Main Library, ITB Press
Language Labs.)
Zone D
19. Building X (Chemical Engineering
Dept., Material Engineering Dept.
20. Building XI (School of Life Sciences
and Engineering Biology Dept.,
Geophysics Dept., Meteorology Dept.,
Oceanography Dept.)
21. Octagon Lecture Building
22. TVST Lecture Building
23. Basic Physics Lab.
24. High Electrical Power Lab.
25. Building I (Soil Mechanics Lab.)
26. Civil Engineering Structure Lab.
Zone E
27. T.P. Rachmat Building
(Engineering Physics Dept.,
Ocean Engineering Dept.)
28. Benny Subianto Building
(Faculty of Industrial Engineering,
Informatics Dept.)
29. Yusuf Panigoro Building
(School of Pharmacy)
30. Achmad Bakrie Building
Zone F
31. Water Resource Center
32. LAPI
33. Building IV
(Geology Dept., Mining Dept.)
34. Rectors Official House
35. Canteen
36. Petroleum Engineering Dept.
37. Basic Science B Building
(Faculty of Mining and Petroleum
Engineering, Faculty of Earth
Sciences and Technology,
Geophysics Engineering Dept.)
38,39. Chemistry Dept.
40. Canteen
41. Hydrology Lab.
42. East Lecture Building
43. Geodesy Dept.
44. Transportation System Dept.
Zone G
45. Textile Art Dept.
46. Student Union
47.48. Environmental Engineering Dept.
49. Building IXA (Planology Dept.)
50. East Campus Center
51. Visitors Center
52,55. Art and Design Dept.
53. Canteen
54. Building IXB (Architecture Dept.)
56. Soemardja Art Gallery
57. Lecture Theater
58. East Auditorium
59. Campus Security
60. Faculty of Arts and Design
Zone H
61. Faculty of Civil Engineering and
Planning
62. Visitors Information
63. West Auditorium
64. Civil Engineering Dept.
65. Basketball and Volleyball Courts
66. West Campus Center
67. Physics Dept.
68. Electronics and Instrumentation Lab.
69. Resources Bureau
70. Acoustic Lab.
71. Basic Science Center A Building
Zone I
72. Technology Research Center
73. ITB Cooperative
74. Tourism Research Center
75. Technology Management Dept.
76. Health Center
U
MAP of ITB
123
ISMOA 2009
125
ISMOA 2009
List of Participants
No Name Institution Country
1
ABASS Aimi Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
2 ABD-RAHMAN* M. Kamil Universiti Teknologi MARA Malaysia
3 ABRAHA* Kamsul University of Gadjah Mada Indonesia
4 AHMAD* Harith University of Malaya Malaysia
5 ALATAS* Husin Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia
6
APRILLIA Anissa
Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
7 ASAKAWA* Kiyoshi National Institute for Material Science (NIMS) Japan
8 BAHTIAR* Ayi Padjadjaran University Indonesia
9 BIROWOSUTO* M. D. University of Twente the Netherland
10 BUBECK* Christoph Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research,
Mainz
Germany
11
CAHYADI Harsono Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
12 CHIANG* Kin S. City University Hongkong
13 DUPARRE* Jacques Frauhofer Institute Germany
14
FAHDIRAN Riser Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
15 FIANTI* University of Gadjah Mada Indonesia
16
FITRILAWATI

Padjadjaran University Indonesia
17 GOMULYA Widianta Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
18
HARDHIENATA Hendradi Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia
19 HENDRO* Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
20
HERMAN

21 HIDAYAT* Arif State University of Malang Indonesia
22 HIDAYAT* Rahmat Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
23 HIDAYAT* Sahrul Padjadjaran University Indonesia
24
HIDAYATI Rahmatul Padjadjaran University Indonesia
25 HOEKSTRA* Hugo J. W. M. University of Twente the Netherlands
26
IMANSYAH Ryan Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
27 ISHIHARA* Teruya Tohoku University Japan
28 ISKANDAR* Alexander Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
29 JAHJA* Mohd Max Planck Institute, Mainz, Germany Germany
30 JOLY* Nicolas University of Erlangen-Nurnberg Germany
31 JOUD* Fadwa Laboratoire Kastler Brossel France
32 KANDIAH* Kumarajah University Kebangsaaan Malaysia Malaysia
33
KARNADI Indra Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
34
KAUNANG John
35 KHOO* Iam Choon Pennsylvania State University USA
36 KIVSHAR* Yuri Australian National University Australia
37 KNOESTER* Jasper Rijksunivesiteit Groningen the Netherlands
38 KOBAYASHI* Takayoshi University of Electro-Communication Japan
39
KURNIA Daniel Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
40
KUSUMA Danang C.A. Institut Teknologi Telkom Indonesia
41 LEE* Yong Hee Korea Advanced Institute for Science and
Technology
Korea
42 LINGGARSARI* Maureen Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
43 MADE* D.P. Ngurah State University of Semarang Indonesia
44 MELATI* Asih University of Gadjah Mada Indonesia
45 MENON* Susthitha Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Malaysia

126
ISMOA 2009
List of Participants
No Name Institution Country
46 MINH THUY* Nguyen Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam
47 MIRANTI* Rani Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
48 MITRAYANA* University of Gadjah Mada Indonesia
49 MOHAMED* Rahmah Univ Technology MARA Malaysia
50
NAGASSA S.S.D. Radius
51 NAWI* Norwimie Univ Technology MARA Malaysia
52
NEGARA Teguh Puja Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia
53
NUGROHO Agung Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
54
NUGROHO Bintoro Siswo Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
55 O'BRIEN* Jeremy University of Bristol UK
56 PARDEDE Marincan Pelita Harapan University Indonesia
57 PHAM* So Van University of Twente the Netherlands
58
PITRIANA Pina Padjadjaran University Indonesia
59
PRAMUDITA Putu Eka Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
60 PRIASTUTI* Wulandari Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
61 QUANG HOC* Nguyen Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam
62
RAHMAT Mamat Bogor Agricultural University Indonesia
63 RUDATI* Paula S. Politeknik Bandung Indonesia
64
RUSLI Aloysius Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
65 SAFRIANI* Lusi Padjadjaran University Indonesia
66 SAHAR* Md Rahim Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Malaysia
67 SAM* Do Thi Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam
68
SANJAYA Irfan Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
69 SHAHABUDDIN* N. S. University of Malaya Malaysia
70 SIANTURI* Libianko Pelita Harapan University Indonesia
71
SIREGAR Rustam E. Padjadjaran University Indonesia
72
SOEHIANIE Agoes Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
73
SOPAHELUWAKAN Ardhasena

Indonesia
74
SUBAKTI

75
SUBALI Ellianawati
76 SUPRIYANTO* Agus Universitas Sebelas Maret Indonesia
77
SUTJAHJA Inge Magdalena Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
78 SYAKIR* Norman Padjadjaran University Indonesia
79 TAMADA* Kaoru Tohoku University Japan
80 THI* Tran Minh Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam
81
THUNG Edward
82 THUY PHUONG* Doan Thi University of Transport and Communications Vietnam
83
TJIA May On Institut Teknologi Bandung Indonesia
84 URANUS* Henri P. Pelita Harapan University Indonesia
85 VAN MINH* Nguyen Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam
86 WADI HARUN* Sulaiman University of Malaya Malaysia
87 WENAS* Donny Roy State University of Menado Indonesia
88
WIBOWO Satria Institut Teknologi Telkom Indonesia
89
WIDIPUTRA Stephanus K.A. Institut Teknologi Telkom Indonesia
90
YONAN Wilzuard
91 YOON* Choon Sup Korea Advanced Institute for Science and
Technology
Korea
92 ZHELUDEV* Nicolay University of Southampton UK

127
ISMOA 2009
Physics of Magnetism and Photonics Group
Department of Physics
Padjadjaran University
The Optical Society of America
International Centre for Theoretical Physics
Ikatan Alumni
Ocean Optics
PT. VANADIA UTAMA

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