Unit 4, Part 1 - Causes of The Revolution

SS8H3 The student will analyze the role of Georgia in the American Revolution.
GEORGIA
in the
AMERICAN
REVOLUTION
AMERICA HEADS TOWARD INDEPENDENCE:
Lesson One (SS8H3a) The student will explain the immediate and long-term causes of the
American Revolution and their impact on Georgia; include the French & Indian War
(Seven Years War), Proclamation of 1763, Stamp Act, Intolerable Acts, and the Declaration
of Independence.
Until 1763, independence was
unthinkable!!! Great Britain was
the greatest, most powerful nation
on earth, and the American
colonists were proud to an
important part of the British
Empire but in a little over 10
years, the Americans went from
being proud British subjects to
fighting the mother country in an
all-out War for Independence!!!
Note: In 1707, the Kingdoms of England and Scotland united to form Great Britain.
AMERICA HEADS TOWARD INDEPENDENCE:
of Independence.
HOW DID
THIS
HAPPEN
???
LONG-TERM CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION:
of Independence.
1. The French & Indian War
of Independence.
With Spain no longer a major threat, France emerged as the
greatest rival to Great Britain
By 1756, France and Britain had built huge empires in North
America and were competing to become the strongest world
power.
of Independence.
of Independence.
War (called The Seven Years War in Europe) broke out between the
two nations over disputed lands in the Ohio River Valley
of Independence.
Both sides had important allies in the fight
Iroquois & Creek Indians
American Colonies
Algonquin Indians
Spain
of Independence.
The war was extremely brutal
(Indians would attack civilian
settlements and often murder
entire families, including infants,
using a tactic known as scalping)

Fortunately, the fight never
reached Georgia in the deep
south.
of Independence.
By 1763, Britain had defeated France and her allies, and had
forced France to sign the Treaty of Paris of 1763. According to the
peace treaty:
- France gave up all of its
colonies in North America
- Spain was forced to give La
Florida to Britain but was
granted most of Frances
territory west of the
Mississippi River.
of Independence.
BEFORE 1763 AFTER 1763
of Independence.
The Treaty of Paris of 1763 impacted Georgia in two important
ways:
- It removed the Spanish threat
to Georgia from La Florida
- It changed Georgias western
border from the Pacific Ocean
to the Mississippi River
of Independence.
The war, though it was a great victory, presented
Great Britain with two major, unforeseen problems:
- The British were going to have to defend the colonies from
hostile Indians west of the Appalachians who had been allies
of the French or had been promised land by the British.
- The war was extremely expensive, and Great Britain was
left with a tremendous national debt
of Independence.
What do you remember about
the French and Indian War???
_____ 1. Spain was Englands biggest rival for dominance in North America.

_____ 2. All of the Indians sided with France during the French & Indian War.

_____ 3. Florida became English territory as a result of the French & Indian War.

_____ 4. France won the French & Indian War.

_____ 5. The treaty ending the war was the Treaty of Paris of 1763.

_____ 6. In Europe, the French & Indian War was called the Ten Years War.

_____ 7. The British allowed France to keep some of its North American colonies.

_____ 8. At the end of the French & Indian War, Britain paid off all of the national
debt.
of Independence.
2. The Proclamation of 1763
The new King of England, King George III, wanted to avoid
conflict with Indians west of Appalachians, and wanted to build
up colonial settlements east of the Appalachians.
of Independence.
Even though many colonists had hoped to move west after the
French were removed, King George III prohibited any colonist
from moving beyond the Proclamation Line.
of Independence.
Many of the colonists felt cheated and were angry. For the
first time, Americans began openly expressing displeasure with
Great Britain.
of Independence.
3. The Stamp Act
King George III felt that the French & Indian War had been
fought to protect the American colonies. He believed,
therefore, that the colonies should pay taxes to help pay off the
war debt.
The American colonists had no representatives in the British
legislature, Parliament. Because they were not represented, they
believed that they could not be legally taxed!!!
of Independence.
3. The Stamp Act
In 1765, Britain passed The Stamp Act, a tax on paper goods that
required colonists to buy government stamps for nearly all
paper goods (newspapers, books, playing cards, etc.).
THE STAMP ACT CAUSED THE FIRST MAJOR,
WIDESPREAD PROTESTS AGAINST BRITISH RULE!!!
of Independence.
3. The Stamp Act
of Independence.
3. The Stamp Act
By the early 1770s, the American Colonists began to
demonstrate a greater willingness to rebel:
- In 1770, a mob of angry
colonists in Boston taunted
and threatened to attack a
small unit of British soldiers.
The soldiers fired into the mob
and killed five colonists. The
event was called the Boston
Massacre.
of Independence.
3. The Stamp Act
By the early 1770s, the American Colonists began to
demonstrate a greater willingness to rebel:
- In December 1773, several
colonists protested a British
tax on tea by dumping nearly
350 chests of tea (thousands of
dollars worth) into Boston
Harbor. This event was called
the Boston Tea Party.
SHORT-TERM CAUSES OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION:
of Independence.
1. The Intolerable Acts
King George III was outraged at the citizens of Boston for the
Boston Tea Party. In order to punish the colony of Massachusetts,
a series of laws called the Coercive Acts were passed.
THE LAWS WERE SO HARSH THAT THE COLONISTS
FELT THEY WERE INTOLERABLE.
of Independence.
1. The Intolerable Acts
a) The Boston Port Act closed the port of Boston to trade
b) The Impartial Administration of Justice Act stated that
trials for British officials would be moved out of Massachusetts
to another colony or to England
c) The Massachusetts Government Act took away the
colonys charter and prohibited town meetings
d) The Quartering Act required colonists to provide housing
for British soldiers without compensation
of Independence.
2. The First Continental Congress
Many of the colonies felt great
sympathy for Massachusetts and
felt it was time to act.
Representatives from the colonies
met in Philadelphia in 1774 to come
up with a response to the Intolerable
Acts. This meeting was the First
Continental Congress.
The only colony not to
participate was Georgia
Of all 13 colonies, Georgia was the most loyal to the
King of England
- Georgia, founded in 1732, was the youngest colony and was,
therefore, the most dependent for protection from Indians.
- Under royal control, Georgia prospered and became extremely
wealthy.
- Georgias Royal Governor, Sir James Wright, was extremely
popular with the colonists.
of Independence.
2. The First Continental Congress
of Independence.
3. The Declaration of Independence
On April 19, 1775, fighting broke out between British soldiers and
the colonists at the Battles of Lexington and Concord.
of Independence.
The Americans, fearing that the British planned on using force to
oppress the colonies, agreed to meet again to consider declaring
independence!!! The Second Continental Congress met in
Philadelphia in 1775.
of Independence.
Even Georgia was growing angry. Georgias only newspaper,
The Georgia Gazette, had become highly critical of King George III.
A group opposing England, the Sons of Liberty, established a
chapter at Tondees Tavern in Savannah to protest British policies.
of Independence.
On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress adopted the
Declaration of Independence.
Written mainly by Thomas Jefferson, the document was a list of
abuses by King George III against the colonists.
The Declaration declared that the colonies were free from British rule
and were now 13 separate, independent countries!!!
Representatives from all 13 colonies signed the Declaration.
Georgias signers were Button Gwinnett, Lyman Hall, and
George Walton.
of Independence.
Anti-British forces managed to take control of Savannah and force
representatives of the British government to leave.
Even the popular and respected Royal Governor, Sir James Wright,
was arrested, but he managed to escape to a British ship off the
coast of Georgia.
of Independence.
of Independence.
the causes of the American Revolution???
Place the Events in Chronological Order
_____ The Boston Massacre leaves five men dead.

_____ The French and Indian War takes place in North America.

_____ The Stamp Act is passed.

_____ Colonists dump tea into Boston Harbor.

_____ The Proclamation of 1763 keeps colonists from moving west of the Appalachians.
of Independence.
What basic fundamental right was denied by each of the Intolerable Acts?
_____ 1. Boston Port Act
(A) right to free trade (B) right to speak freely (C) right to vote

_____ 2. Massachusetts Government Act
(A) right to vote (B) right to meet together (C) right to free trade

_____ 3. Quartering Act
(A) right to speak freely (B) right to privacy (C) right to vote

_____ 4. Impartial Administration of Justice Act
(A) right to put (B) right to speak freely (C) right to a lawyer
criminals on trial
of Independence.
_____ 1. Author of the Declaration of Independence A. Redcoats

_____ 2. Georgia signer of the Declaration B. 2
nd
Continental
Congress
_____ 3. King of England
C. Tondees Tavern
_____ 4. First battle of the American Revolution
D. Thomas Jefferson
_____ 5. Group that adopted the Declaration
E. Button Gwinnett
_____ 6. Meeting of place of Georgias Sons
of Liberty F. Georgia Gazette

_____ 7. Georgias colonial newspaper G. George III

_____ 8. Colorful name given to British soldiers H. Lexington &
Concord
Acknowledgements
Hodge, Cathy M. Time Travel Through Georgia. Athens, GA: WesMar Incorporated
DBA/Voyager Publications, 2005.

Jackson, Edwin L., Mary E. Stakes, Lawrence R. Hepburn, Mary A. Hepburn. The
Georgia Studies Book: Our State and the Nation. Athens, GA: Carl Vinson
Institute of Government, 2004.

Marsh, Carol. The Georgia Experience: 8
th
Grade Social Studies Teachers Edition
Student Workbook. Peachtree City, GA: Gallopade International, 2008.

Schemmel, William. Georgia Curiosities (2
nd
edition). Guilford, CT: Globe Pequot, 2003.

Unit 4, Part 1 - Causes of The Revolution

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SS8H3 The student will analyze the role of Georgia in the American Revolution.

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