(You may find these things in the Grammar Box, but I want to systematically
raise them again.)
I. SENTENCE TYPES
c. Cleft structures:
It was the weather that made us stay home.
d. Pseudo-cleft structures:
What amazed me was the things he did.
* Dangling participles: The implied subject of the dependent clause and the
subject of the main clause do not refer the same person or thing.
Ex: Jumping into the sea, a shark attacked him.
Correction: Use the proper subject for the main clause.
Ex: Jumping into the sea, he was attacked by a shark.
* Subject-verb agreement: The verbs of the sentence does not go with the
subject.
Ex: Either she or I are going to the party.
Correction: Either she or I am going to the party.
For example, you are given the topic about music. This topic should be
narrowed down like this: MUSIC => VIETNAMESE MUSIC => NEW
SONGS or about weather: WEATHER => WEATHER IN VIETNAM =>
STORMS AND TYPHOONS
I. PART OF A PARAGRAPH
- This sentence should be clear and focus on a specific idea. It should not be
too general (too many things to discuss about) or too specific (too simple to
be developed).
- The purpose of the sentences in this part of the paragraph is to support the
controlling ideas in the topic sentence. Therefore, any sentence that is out of
this order will be omitted.
- To make the supporting ideas stronger, you should use some techniques to
strengthen these ideas including using examples, illustrations, statistics,
quotations and personal experience.
Ex:
Topic sentence: Synonyms, words that have the same basic meaning, do not
always have the same emotional meaning.
Concluding sentence: Therefore, you should be careful in choosing words
because many so-called synonyms are not really synonymous at all.
Topic sentence:
Conluding sentence
III. ASSIGNMENT
1. Analyze the paragraph about Gold above and write a detailed outline for
it.
2. Narrow down one of the following topics and write a 100-word paragraph
about it, using some techniques to strengthen your supporting ideas.
Topics: Love, Family, Population, Studying English, Weather
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
ASSIGNMENT
Assignment:
1. Analyze the paragraph about Gold above and write a
detailed outline for it.
2. Narrow down one of the following topics and write a 100-
word paragraph about it, using some techniques to
strengthen your supporting ideas.
Topics: Love, Family, Population, Studying English, Weather
ANSWERS
1.
DETAILED OUTLINE:
I. Topic sentence:
Gold, a precious metal, is prized for two important
characteristics.
2.
Some suggested narrowed-down topics:
LOVE:
- The romantic side of far-away love
- The advantages and disadvantages of love through the
Internet
- What a person finds in his/her lover
FAMILY:
- The relationship between parents and children in the family
nowadays
- The advantages and disadvantages of nuclear families
- How family is important to you
POPULATION:
- The economically effects of population boom
- How to control the growth of population
STUDYING ENGLISH:
- The most important / difficult skill in studying English
- Why you should study English
- How to be fluent in speaking English
WEATHER:
- The consequences of typhoons in Vietnam
- How you like about the weather in Ho Chi Minh City
- Weather and its effects on agriculture
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English.
Photocopy. HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training
College of Ho Chi Minh City.
Topic 3 - Writing a Description
Part 1: Describing People
Hi guys,
This topic will help you to write a description of a person, a thing or a place.
Each kind of description has a particular outline as well as the language
used. Therefore, I think it will be better if I post each kind in a different part
of this topic.
The first part of this topic is DESCRIBING PEOPLE.
I. LANGUAGE USED
A. VOCABULARY:
1. Physical appearance:
- Face: round, oval, angular, square, wrinkled, sunburnt…
- Hair: long, short, shoulder-length, straight, curly, wavy, fuzzy, shaggy,
bald, grey, blond, black…
- Moustache, sideburns, beard: bristling, drooping, bushy…
- Nose: straight, flat, upturned…
- Eyes: large, small, round, dim, glittering, bright, cross-eyed, beady…
- Eyebrows: arched, bushy, thick, thin…
- Eyelids: swollen, heavily-lidded…
- Chin: firm, double, pointed, cleft…
- Cheek: hollow, dimpled, chubby…
- Mouth: decided, small, wide…
- Lips: heart-shaped, thin, full, decided...
- Complexion: fair, dark, pale, sickly, ruddy, rosy, tanned, ivory…
- Figure: slim, slender, think, skinny, bony, underweight, scrawny, plump,
round, overweight, fat, muscular, well-built, broad-shouldered, chubby…
- Age: over/under 20, teenaged, middle-aged, too old/young for one's age…
- Expression: shy, happy, timid, determined, cheerful, gloomy, bonny,
refined, charming, graceful, blank, lovely, placid, serious, austere,
detestable…
- Voice: clear, hoarse, melodious, warm, soft, weak, trembling, squeaky,
deep…
- Clothes: smartly dressed, neatly dressed, tidy, untidy, loose, tight, elegant,
poor, skin-tight...
2. Characters:
- Positive: calm, faithful, reliable, patient, honest, generous, modest,
sociable, friendly, tender, helpful, enthusiastic, devoted, responsible, caring,
frank, open-minded, considerate, tactful, brave, courageous, merciful,
trustworthy, self-controlled, likable…
- Negative: moody, gossipy, hot-tempered, careless, vulgar, wasteful, stingy,
mean, cruel, impatient, tactless, envious, jealous, aggressive, bossy,
impolite, naughty, haughty, selfish, stubborn, saucy, irresponsible…
- Neutral: shy, timid, playful, light-hearted…
B. STRUCTURES:
- He is a tall man.
- She is in a good mood.
- He is too old for his age.
- He is jealous of his wife's success.
- She has a round face with freckles.
- He has a slim figure.
- He looks fresh in spite of his age.
- He appeared to be a reliable person.
- He is a person of bravery.
- He seemed frail in those loose garments.
- He looks as if he had not enough sleep.
- She wears a shy expression on her face.
- He wore a false beard.
- She was a small woman with rosy cheeks.
- She walked into the room with her most deliberate manner.
- She has long blond hair which hung down to her shoulders.
- Tall, slim and well-dressed, he had an air of a businessman.
- Envious, gossipy, and greedy, she can hardly find a true friend.
- What I like most about him is his generosity.
- It is his generosity that I like best.
- He was born in 1970.
- He died young/a hero.
- He ended his days in poverty.
- She works for a big company.
- She graduated from Ha Noi University.
- She has an M.A. in English.
II. OUTLINES:
1. OUTLINE A:
E.g.
Appearance: fat, short figure, round face, dim eyes, tiring
Character: inactive, slow-moving
=> appearance and character are corresponding with each other.
* If these aspects are not related, you should write them in two separated
paragraphs.
E.g. 1
Topic sentence: Maria, my classmate, is as beautiful as any Hollywood
starlet.
Supporting ideas:
- figure: well-proportioned, as tall as a fashion model
- others: oval face, fair, smooth skin, wide eyes, small mouth, sensuous lips
Transition: However, while we all like to look at her, nobody wants to make
friends with her.
Supporting ideas:
- snobbish -> example (showing disdain for people of lower status)
- lazy in study while spending lots of time and money on make-up and
fashion -> example (absent from class, going shopping instead)
Concluding sentence: There is nothing but extraordinary beauty in the face
of Maria. Nevertheless, it is her character that has isolated her from others.
2. OUTLINE B:
E.g. 2:
Topic sentence: Maria, my classmate, is as beautiful as any Hollywood
starlet.
Body:
- hair: long, wavy, black, shouldered-length
- face: diamond-shaped
- complexion: suntanned, clear
- eye: blue, not too large, thick eyelashes, arched eyebrows
- nose: straight, not too long nor too short
- mouth: small, delicate, feminine, a small mole near the mouth…
=> order: from hair -> mouth
Concluding sentence: There is nothing but extraordinary beauty in the face
of Maria. She is indeed admired by all boys and envied by all girls in my
class.
III. ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Basing on the two examples (E.g. 1 and E.g. 2) of outline above, write
two paragraphs about Maria.
2. Write an outline and develop it into a complete paragraph (100 – 150
words) about one of the following topics:
- One of your classmates
- One of your family members
- Your dream lover
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
To be continued ... (Answers to assignment of Topic 3 - Part 1)
ANSWERS TO ASSIGNMENT OF TOPIC 3 - PART 1
ASSIGNMENTS
1. Basing on the two examples (E.g. 1 and E.g. 2) of outline above, write two
paragraphs about Maria.
2. Write an outline and develop it into a complete paragraph (100 – 150
words) about one of the following topics:
- One of your classmates
- One of your family members
- Your dream lover
ANSWERS
1.
2.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
Hi guys,
After a long trip to the coutryside, I now come back very fresh to be ready to
post more topics on writing. So sorry for letting you guys wait for so long.
And now, Topic 3 - Part 2: DESCRIBING THINGS.
I. LANGUAGE USED
The language below is usually used in this kind of description. Still, there
are a lot more of structures and patterns as well as vocabulary that we can
use.
1. Vocabulary:
- Measurements: width, length, height, depth, area, weight, volume,
capacity
- Shape & figure: round, oval, square, triangular, rectangular, star-shaped,
pentagonal, five-sided, conical, spherical, cylindrical (hình trụ), cubic,
hollow, solid
- Color: yellow, blue, purple,…, red-brown, yellow-green, reddish-yellow,
purple-blue, blood-red, brick-red, snow-white, steel-gray, jet-black (đen
tuyền), navy-blue…, dark red, light red, saffron (vàng nghệ), amber (hổ
phách), crimson (đỏ thắm), scarlet (đỏ tươi), indigo (chàm), turquoise (xanh
ngọc), chestnut (nâu hạt dẻ), puce (nâu cánh gián)…
- Surface: smooth, glossy = shiny, bumpy, rough, ridged (gợn), silky, fine
(mịn), coarse (thô), oily = greasy = creamy (nhờn, bóng)…
- Pattern & Decoration: simple, plain, flowered, floral, patterned, spotted,
polka dot, striped, checked, zigzac…
- Material: wool, denim, cotton, nylon, cement, marble, plastic, rubber,
steel, gold, gilded (mạ vàng), silver-plated (mạ, tráng bạc), wooden,
careboard, plywood, glass, clay, porcelain (sứ), crystal, leather, simulated
leather, melamine (nhựa), upholstered (bọc nệm)…
- Physical properties: tough (dai), tender, elastic (dẻo), flexible, stiff,
collapsible (xếp lại được), strong, durable, sturdy, rusty, brittle (giòn),
transperent, unbreakable…
- Position: top, bottom, front, back, base, end, upper, lower, left-hand, right-
hand, top left-hand, bottom right-hand…
- Value: valuable = priceless (vô giá), valueless = worthless (vô giá trị),
cheap, dirt-cheap, expensive, inexpensive…
- Quality: deluxe, high-quality, ragged…
- Operation: automatic, manual, electrical, electronic...
2. Structures:
- The suitcase has four wheels.
- It has four wheels at the bottom.
- There are four wheels at the bottom.
- It looks like a refrigerator.
- The button on the left is used for turning the power on.
- My suitcase is black with my name tag near the handle (a noun phrase).
- My pen was made in Japan.
- The collapsible table is made of wood.
- This red wine is made from the best grapes.
- That pot can hold 2 liters of water.
USE
- You use this to cut paper.
- This object has various uses.
CAN
- You can cut paper with it.
2. Examples:
II. OUTLINES:
* In this outline, you do not need to describe all the features (in the body
part) of the object. Just choose the most important and some striking details.
E.g. 1
Topic sentence: The zipper (what kind of object it is) is a wonderful
invention (striking feature).
Body: Descriptions of different parts
- Part 1: dozens of metal or plastic hooks in two rows
- Part 2: 2 flexible strips of cloth fastened with the hooks
- Part 3: a fastener to fasten the hooks together or to take the hooks apart
- Additional features: many colors and size
E.g. 2:
Topic sentence:I have just invented a new machine (what kind of object it is)
to make life easy for people who have to use a type-writer (striking feature).
Body: how to use + parts + features
- use the special pencil to write on the screen
- push the button on the right
- wait for a few second
- the type page come out of the slot in the back
- Additional features: easy to use, expensive
Concluding sentence: People who cannot type quickly will surely want one.
I think it will soon be very popular (writer's comment).
III. ASSIGNMENTS:
2. Basing on the two examples (E.g. 1 and E.g. 2) of outline above, write
two complete paragraphs about the zipper and the new machine.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
ASSIGNMENTS
2. Basing on the two examples (E.g. 1 and E.g. 2) of outline above, write two
complete paragraphs about the zipper and the new machine.
ANSWERS
1.
Topic sentence: People all over the world eat (striking feature) rice (what
kind of object it is).
Body: Use
- eat the seeds
- feed animals
- make rice oil
- make baskets, brooms, rugs, sandals, roofs
- burn dry stalks for cooking
- Other features: more than 7,000 kinds, most are water rice
Concluding sentence: Isn't it one of the most wonderful products that nature
brings to us (writer's comment)?
2.
Paragraph 1 (Based on outline A)
I have just invented a new machine to make life easy for people who
have to use a type-writer. It is an automatic typing machine. To use it, pick
up the special pencil and start writing on the screen. When you have finished
writing, push the button on the right. In a few seconds, a typed page will
come out of the slot in the back. It is very fast for people who cannot type
well. It is expensive (less than $300) and easy to use. People who cannot
type quickly will surely want one. I think it will soon be very popular.
3.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
I. LANGUAGE USED
Examples:
- There is a tiny fishing village by the sea.
- You can find an ancient town which was built in the
Nguyen Dynasty.
- Saigon was called "the Pearl of the Far East."
- Bangkok is a crowded, noisy city with the population of 8
million.
- The most wonderful place I have ever been to is Furama
Resort.
1. WHERE IS IT?
Passive construction:
Prepositional phrases:
* Architecture:
- The house is made of wood/marble/bamboo…
- Nguyen Thi Minh Khai School is an example of French
architecture.
- The statue was built to honor Tran Hung Dao, a general in
the Tran Dynasty.
* Attractions:
- One of the most beautiful places in Vancouver is Stanley
Park.
- The thing you should not miss is riding on a seaplane.
- Among its many attractions is a bay with nearly 2,000
limestone islands.
* History:
- Originally/Initially, it was a green plain, but then it became
a desert.
- Its restoration/reconstruction/renovation took place in the
19th century.
* Scenery:
- Its scenery is magnificent/impressive/gorgeous/terrific…
- The seashore is majestic.
- The sight of a lonely tree is inspiring…
- The view from the window is nice/lovely…
II. OUTLINES:
E.g. 1
Topic sentence: I live in a nice flat on the third floor.
Body: Describe from the front door (where you are standing
now)
- The hall:
=> left: toilet
=> right: bathroom
=> in front: two doors to bedroom 1 and living room
- The living room:
=> right: dining room and kitchen
=> left: bedroom 2
=> behind the living room and bedroom 2: balcony
Concluding sentence:As you can see, this flat is suitable for a
family of 4 people like mine(writer's comment).?
E.g. 2:
Topic sentence: I live in a nice flat on the third floor.
Body: Describe from the hall (in the center of the flat)
- to the left: large bedroom
- to the right: small bedroom and bathroom
- to the right of bedroom 1: living room
- opposite bedroom 1: kitchen
- behind kitchen: balcony
Concluding sentence: As you can see, this flat is suitable for
a family of 4 people like mine(writer's comment).
OUTLINE C:
E.g. 3:
Topic sentence: Ha Long Bay is the most wonderful natural
beauty in Vietnam.
Body:
* Geographical features:
- located in the Gulf of Tonkin northern Vietnam
- has a 120 kilometers long coastline
- consists of 1,969 limestone monolithic islands and caves
* Other features:
- the largest grotto: Hang Đầu Gỗ (Wooden stakes Cave) with
large numerous stalactites
- home of some birds and animals
- was World Heritage listed by UNESCO in 1994
Concluding sentence: With all the beauty above, it is no
wonder why Ha Long Bay has recently been nominated as
one of the world wonders of nature by NewOpenWorld
Foundation(writer's comment).
III. COMMENTS:
E.g.
IV. ASSIGNMENTS:
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English.
Photocopy. HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training
College of Ho Chi Minh City.
Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha_Long_Bay.
(31.07.2007)
ANSWERS TO ASSIGNMENTS OF TOPIC 3 - PART 3
ASSIGNMENTS
* You can do one of the three below or do all of them.
ANSWERS
1.
Topic sentence: The Sydney Opera House is located in
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Body:
*Geographical features:
- situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour
- parkland to the south
- close to Sydney Harbour Bridge
* Other features:
- designed by Jorn Uzton
- distinctive and famous
- comprises 3 ‘shells' which roof two main performance halls
and a restaurant
- a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Concluding sentence: With all these unique beauty, it is
considered a symbol of the country of kangaroos (writer's
comment).
2.
Paragraph 1 (Based on outline A)
3.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English.
Photocopy. HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training
College of Ho Chi Minh City.
Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha_Long_Bay.
(31.07.2007)
ANSWERS TO ASSIGNMENTS OF TOPIC 3 - PART 3
ASSIGNMENTS
ANSWERS
1.
Topic sentence: The Sydney Opera House is located in
Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Body:
*Geographical features:
- situated on Bennelong Point in Sydney Harbour
- parkland to the south
- close to Sydney Harbour Bridge
* Other features:
- designed by Jorn Uzton
- distinctive and famous
- comprises 3 ‘shells' which roof two main performance halls
and a restaurant
- a UNESCO World Heritage Site
Concluding sentence: With all these unique beauty, it is
considered a symbol of the country of kangaroos (writer's
comment).
2.
Paragraph 1 (Based on outline A)
3.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English.
Photocopy. HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training
College of Ho Chi Minh City.
Wikipedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ha_Long_Bay.
(31.07.2007)
ANSWERS TO ASSIGNMENTS OF TOPIC 4
ASSIGNMENTS
1. Match the paragraphs below with the outlines (A, B, and C) above.
Then identify the topic and concluding sentences in each paragraph:
a. Anna was on her way to Paris to see her fiancé Rob. Rob got up early that
morning and eagerly drove to the station to see Anna at 8 a.m.; meanwhile
Anna was sitting on the train, opposite a young man in jeans and a blue T-
shirt. After some time, the young man offered Anna a cigarette, and they
were deep in conversation. She told him about Rob and about her anxiety fro
reunion. During that time, waiting at the station, Rob soon realized that he
had been too early for the train, and he could kill time by having a coffee at
the station café. There, he sat down opposite an attractive young woman in a
tailored suit, and Rob could not lift his eyes from her - doubtlessly he was in
love at first sight. They talked merrily about everything. Finally, when the
woman stood up to leave, Rob lovingly offered her a lift to the city center,
and there they left the station hand in had just as the train approached the
platform. Poor Anna.
b. When my family and I climbed Mount Kyaik-tiyo to see one of the most
admirable Buddhist pagodas in Myanmar, the former Burma, I discovered
total peace. On the way up, we passed small souvenir shops and
monasteries. We met other people who were climbing at the same time, and
we enjoyed the pleasant conversation. We passed waterfalls and watched
monkeys playing in the trees. When we arrived at the top, we were tired, but
happy, because the gentle music from the pagoda gave us new strength and
serenity. That night, we slept in a small cottage behind the pagoda - the quiet
night with the hum of the insects lulling me to sleep.
c. Four of us managed to get our leisure day at the same time, so we all went
off for a picnic together. We certainly packed a lot into the one day. First,
we met up at Flinders Street Station so that we could go in one car. Then we
set off for Sorrento - a lovely bayside resort I'd never visited before. We
spent most of the day swimming and sunbathing there. Later, we drove over
to Portsea to enjoy the view of the ocean. After this, we returned to
Melbourne and went down to the Galeto Bar in Auckland Street for coffee
and cakes. About midnight, everybody was exhausted but exhilarated when
the car brought us back to the station.
ANSWERS
2.
Your own answers.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
J. Eastwood. (1994). Oxford Guide to English Grammar. Oxford: OUP
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
I. LANGUAGE USED
* Past tenses such as Simple Past, Past Continuous, Past Perfect, and some
modals like would, could, might, should are the mostly used in writing life
stories. These things help to describe events, activities or experience in the
past.
Examples:
He was born in 1980.
During my forth year of university, I was sent to Australia to do some
research on biology.
She got married to an actor when she was 18.
He died of cancer in the summer of 1965 when spending his most dynamic
years.
During the next five years, she was working as a sales manager for Pepsi.
2. SENTENCE TYPES
* All sentence types - simple, compound, and complex - can be used in this
kind of reports. However, it is very important for the writer to be flexible
when using these sentence types. He can use each of them alone or combine
them to create some effects on the readers.
Examples:
- He got divorced in 1985.(simple sentences)
- She was introduced to Tom Milestone, who then became her husband.
(complex sentence)
- Pelé joined the Santos FC in 1956, and in 1962, he led the team to its first
world cup championship. (compound sentences)
II. OUTLINE:
1. OUTLINE:
*In the outline for a life story, details are usually arranged in order from the
birth to death (from childhood to adulthood), with the actual dates clearly
stated.
Topic Sentence
Body: Describe the events in the person's life chronologically
* Event 1
* Event 2
* Event 3
* ...
Concluding sentence
2. COMMENTS:
* In the topic sentence, the person who is written about must be identified
by his / her name or the relationship between him / her and the writer. Also,
the most striking achievement should be included in this sentence.
Examples:
- Pelé (1940 - ), a Brazilian soccer player, led Brazil to three World Cup
titles.
- My father, who is a very talented artist, has drawn about 200 drawings of
all kinds.
* The body of the outline usually consists of notes on events and activities
in the person's life, which are often arranged chronologically (in time order).
Examples:
- After his retirement in 1977, Pelé became an international embassador for
the sport, working to promote peace and understanding through friendly
athletic competition.
- He died in 1985, after nearly 10 years bravely fighting with his lung
cancer.
III. ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Write a complete paragraph (100 - 200 words) about one of the following
people:
- a famous singer / actor / sport star
- a person you know about
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
I. LANGUAGE USED
One of the features of a summary is that the writer uses his own words.
Therefore, paraphrasing or transformation (see Topic 1 – Grammar Review)
is very important. That is to say, the writer states the original ideas in his
own way.
II. OUTLINE:
E.g. 1:
E.g. 2:
III. COMMENTS:
* Deciding which ideas are important is your own skill and judgement which
will develop through practice. No rules can guide you in this.
* The purpose of the summary is to inform the reader about the main ideas
of the original work, using your own words. One more important thing is
that you must not add your own opinions.
IV. ASSIGNMENTS:
Read a story or an article and write a summary. Be sure that all the main
ideas are included in your summary.
Please post your answers to share with us.
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.
I. LANGUAGE USED
* In a CV, phrases rather than completed sentences are usually used. These
phrases include noun phrases, adjective phrases, and verb phrases. Also,
non-finite clauses are frequently used.
E.g.:
- Master in TESOL
- Responsible for academic management
- Teaching classes for adults
II. FORMAT:
1. PERSONAL:
* If you are still doing a course, write "present" for the date. If you left a
school without receiving any certificates, write "unfinished" for the
degrees.
e.g:
6/2006 – present: Master in TESOL - Victoria University of Technology,
Australia
1995 – 1997: (unfinished) - University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City,
Vietnam
3. WORK EXPERIENCE:
* This part should include the date you started and finished the job (if you
still work there, write "present"), your job title, the name of the workplace,
and your duties / responsibilities.
e.g.:
8/2005 – present: Sales Manager, A & H Building Company, Los Gatos,
California
Responsibilities: formulating sales strategies, making sales plans, and
selecting, training, motivating, and supporting the sales force
2003 – 2005: Sales Assistant, Cotec Corporation, Los Angeles, California
Responsibilities: worked for sales manager, planning promotion plans
* This part is a brief outline about the applicant's interests or skills that
he/she thinks they are relevant to the preferred job and that the employers
want to know about.
e.g:
Informatics: Word, Excel, Power Point, Photoshop
Language: English
Hobbies: reading, surfing web, playing sports, watching movies
5. PREFERENCES:
* This part aims to supply the employer with some names and addresses
where he/she can contact to get more information about the applicant.
Sometimes, the applicant can write "References available upon request"
instead. This means the details for the references will be provide later if the
employer requests. However, this is NOT recommended.
III. EXAMPLE:
IV. ASSIGNMENT:
Bibliography:
A. Oshima and Ann H. (2002). Writing Academic English. Photocopy.
HCMC: HCMC Publishing House.
Vu Thi Lan (2003). Writing. Photocopy. Teacher Training College of Ho
Chi Minh City.