AP BIOLOGY VOCABULARY

CHAPTER 5
Cellulose: A structural polysaccharide of cell walls, consisting of glucose monomers joined by (1-4)
glycosidic linkages
Chaperonin: A protein moleule that assists the proper !ol"in# o! other proteins
Chitin: A strutural pol$sahari"e o! an amino su#ar !oun" in man$ !un#i an" in the
e%os&eletons o! all arthropo"s'
Cholesterol: A steroi" that !orms an essential omponent o! animal ell mem(ranes
an" ats as a preursor moleule !or the s$nthesis o! other (iolo#iall$ important
steroi"s'
)eo%$ri(ose: The su#ar omponent o! )*A+ ha,in# one less h$"ro%$l #roup than
ri(ose+ the su#ar omponent o! R*A'
!att$ ai":
#ene
#l$o#en
lipi"
maromoleule
nulei ai"
nuleoti"e
pepti"e (on"
phospholipi"
pol$mer
pol$pepti"e
primar$ struture
protein
purine
p$rimi"ine
CHAPTER - .ont'/
plasti"
pro&ar$oti ell
ri(osome
stroma
th$la&oi"
transport ,esile
CHAPTER 0
ati,e transport
amphipathi
onentration #ra"ient
"i1usion
eletrohemial #ra"ient
en"o$tosis
e%o$tosis
!ailitate" "i1usion
2ai"
2ui" mosai mo"el
h$pertoni
h$potoni
inte#ral protein
ion hannel
isotoni
li#an"
mem(rane potential
osmore#ulation
osmosis
passi,e transport
peripheral protein
plasmol$sis
seleti,e permea(ilit$
toniit$
tur#i"
CHAPTER 3
ati,ation ener#$
ati,e site
allosteri re#ulation
ana(oli path4a$
ata(oli path4a$
atal$st
oen5$me
o!ator
ompetiti,e inhi(itor
en"er#oni reation
ener#$ ouplin#
entrop$
en5$me
e%er#oni reation
!ee"(a& inhi(ition
!ree ener#$
&ineti ener#$
meta(olism
nonompetiti,e inhi(itor
potential ener#$
su(strate
CHAPTER 6
aet$l CoA
aero(i
alohol !ermentation
anaero(i
ellular respiration
hemiosmosis
itri ai" $le
eletron transport hain
!aultati,e anaero(e
!ermentation
#l$ol$sis
lati ai" !ermentation
*A)7
o%i"ation
o%i"ati,e phosphor$lation
o%i"i5in# a#ent
re"o% reation
re"uin# a#ent
re"ution
su(strate8le,el phosphor$lation
CHAPTER 9:
a(sorption spetrum
autotroph
C; plant
C< plant
Cal,in $le
CA= plant
ar(on >%ation
arotenoi"
hloroph$ll
$li eletron 2o4
eletroma#neti spetrum
#l$eral"eh$"e ;8phosphate
heterotroph
#l$eral"eh$"e ;8phosphate
li#ht reations
*A)P7
non$li eletron 2o4
photon
photos$stem I
CHAPTER 9;
alternation o! #enerations
autosome
hiasmata
lone
rossin# o,er
"iploi" ell
!ertili5ation
#ametoph$te
#enetis
haploi" ell
here"it$
homolo#ous hromosomes
&ar$ot$pe
lous
reom(inant hromosome
se% hromosome
spore
sporoph$te
s$napsis
tetra"
,ariation
5$#ote
CHAPTER 9<
allele
amnioentesis
arrier
harater
o"ominane
omplete "ominane
"ih$(ri"
epistasis
?9 #eneration
?@ #eneration
#enot$pe
hetero5$#ous
homo5$#ous
h$(ri"i5ation
inomplete "ominane
la4 o! in"epen"ent assortment
la4 o! se#re#ation
monoh$(ri"
P #eneration
pe"i#ree
phenot$pe
pleiotrop$
pol$#eni inheritane
Auantitati,e harater
testross
trait
CHAPTER 95
aneuploi"$
Barr (o"$
"eletion
"upliation
#eneti map
#eneti reom(ination
#enomi imprintin#
lin&a#e map
lin&e" #ene
monosomi
non"isBuntion
pol$ploi"$
se%8lin&e" #ene
trisomi
4il" t$pe
CHAPTER 9-
(ateriopha#e
)*A li#ase
)*A pol$merase
heliase
la##in# stran"
lea"in# stran"
mismath repair
nulease
nuleoti"e e%ision repair
O&a5a&i !ra#ment
ori#in o! repliation
primase
primer
repliation !or&
telomere
trans!ormation
CHAPTER 90
A site
alternati,e R*A spliin#
aminoa$l8tR*A s$nthetase
antio"on
o"on
E site
e%on
!rameshi!t mutation
intron
messen#er R*A .mR*A/
missense mutation
muta#en
mutation
nonsense mutation
CHAPTER 96 .ont'/
multi#ene !amil$
nuleosome
ono#ene
proteasome
proto8ono#ene
repetiti,e )*A
tumor8suppressor #ene
CHAPTER @:
(iotehnolo#$
lonin# ,etor
omplementar$ )*A .)*A/
)*A >n#erprint
)*A miroarra$ assa$
e%pression ,etor
#el eletrophoresis
#ene lonin#
#ene therap$
#eneti en#ineerin#
Human Genome ProBet
nulei ai" h$(ri"i5ation
nulei ai" pro(e
pol$merase hain reation
reom(inant )*A
restrition en5$me
restrition !ra#ment
restrition site
sin#le nuleoti"e pol$morphism
sti&$ en"
Ti plasmi"
trans#eni
CHAPTER @@
arti>ial seletion
(io#eo#raph$
"esent 4ith mo"i>ation
en"emi
e,olution
e,olutionar$ a"aptation
!ossil
homolo#ous struture
homolo#$
natural seletion
paleontolo#$
se"imentar$ ro&
ta%onom$
,esti#ial or#an
CHAPTER @;
(ottlene& e1et
line
"iretional seletion
"isrupti,e seletion
!oun"er e1et
#ene 2o4
#ene pool
#eneti "ri!t
#eo#raphial ,ariation
Har"$8Cein(er# eAuili(rium
hetero5$#ote a",anta#e
miroe,olution
neutral ,ariation
phenot$pi pol$morphism
population
population #enetis
relati,e >tness
se%ual "imorphism
se%ual seletion
sta(ili5in# seletion
CHAPTER @<
a"apti,e ra"iation
allopatri speiation
(iolo#ial speies onept
homeoti #ene
maroe,olution
pae"omorphosis
puntuate" eAuili(rium
speiation
speies
speies seletion
s$mpatri speiation
CHAPTER @5
analo#$
(inomial
la"e
la"istis
la"o#ram
lass
"omain
!amil$
!ossil reor"
#enus
homoplas$
&in#"om
moleular lo&
moleular s$stematis
monoph$leti
CHAPTER @6
an#iosperm
(r$oph$te
utile
#ametoph$te
#$mnosperm
li#nin
m$orrhi5ae
m$osis
pheromone
$east
CHAPTER ;@
aoelomate