NANO-ROBOTS

-A LIFE SAVIOUR

AUTHORS:

T.Harish Chowdary (harish485@gmail.com)

II-ECE

NO: 9848885349

M.Anil Kumar (mandava.anilkumar@yahoo.co.in)

II-ECE

QIS COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.

ONGOLE.

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 ABSTRACT

It is well known that Nanotechnology is going to play a major role in the

next generation. It is for sure that this paper will lay a foundation for this
advanced technology.

Is it possible to avoid death? Yes it is! Our paper deals with human blood
cells& related diseases that occur due to variation in the count and other related
issues and also provides remedy to cure these diseases by using Nano electronic
devices. Using a Nanocomputer along with nanite placed inside human body. It is
possible to check the cell’s count, shape and size in the body (blood) and detect
whether the count value is less than or greater than the actual value or is
deviated from its normal shape or size .By this diseases such as AIDS,
HEPATITIS, BLOOD CANCER, ANEMIA… can be cured without the person
being affected .The major advantage of this paper is that without surgery and
even without a doctor a person can live without diseases.

1. INTRODUCTION

Nano Technology is the manipulation of matter on a Nano scale .It is

basically concerned with miniaturization of matter .It involves designing and
building materials and devices where the basic structure of the material or
device are specified on the scale of one or few Nano meters. In order to
manufacture a product by using this technology we need to rearrange the atoms
that exist in the matter such that we arrive at a desired product. This
arrangement of atoms is based on the following concepts of Nano technology.
The two important concepts that deals in the Nano technology are

→ Positional Assembly

→ Self Replication

Positional Assembly is a mechanism that deals with moving atoms to proper

related places and placing them over there, these are generally done by
molecular robots.

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 Self replication is something that is concerns that problem of multiplying
the positional arrangement in some automatic way.

Nano technology ultimately will be based upon molecular machinery i.e.,

molecular machines that will be capable of making other molecular products and
these machines in which atomic structure is precisely arranged to make the
desired product will be used. These molecular machines are called Assembler.

Such assembler will be able to build anything that exist or can be designed
or anything that can be compatible with the basic law of physics. They are also
able to make copies of themselves and thus prove to be economic.

2. ROLE OF NANO TECHNOLOGY IN MEDICINE

It has been estimated that it is possible to cure disease that transpire in the
human body by injecting the Nano robots (10nm) into the blood stream through
hypodermic needles .The size of these Nano Robots are comparatively smaller
than human cells .It is also possible to get into the world of virtual reality by
using the Nano Robots

In Medicine the concept called micro encapsulation is used by Doctors to

control the rate at which the medicine is applied to the patient’s Body.

The reason for the failure of the researches done to find the medicine for
AIDS and other Incurable diseases is that these medicines are unable to attach
themselves to the virus and stop it from reproducing further any.

Using Nanotech-powered medical Technologies like bucky balls which have

the ability to fix themselves to the viruses and thereby prevent them from further
reproduction we can administrate the drugs into the exact position of the
affected parts of the patient’s body. Advantage of using buck balls for medical
purpose is that they are extremely small and non-toxic and they are easily
excreted from the body. These bucky balls are structure of carbon or C60
molecules. The family of structure based on bucky balls known as fullerness.
Using fullerness medicines could be delivered to the body orally and the body
then excretes the fullerness without any side effects.

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 From the above facts we come to know that using Nano Technology we can
cure any sort of disease that seems to be impossible to cure at present

2.1 Then What Is this Paper About?

our paper does not need any doctor , this one of the remarkable feature of
the paper .Here instead of having a doctor to give medicine from outside the
body we launch Nano doctors inside the human body .These Nano doctors will be
able to find and repair damage at the cellular level for these to be possible
molecular assemblers with better capabilities than the current scanning
tunneling microscopes are needed .They must have the capability to move atoms
and molecules faster and more precisely than present day scanning tunneling
microscopes and we are also using a Nanocomputer for easements .

A molecular structure is shown in the figure

2.3 MOLECULAR STRUCTURE

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 3. NANOENERGIZER

4. NANO COMPUTER

Nanotechnology is focusing on projects which can be implemented in

bettering our lives. Pervasive computing is an area where a lot of
Nanotechnology projects are currently active Present day lithographic
technologies (used in the latest desktop processors) are at 0.13 microns. After the
0.13-micron limit, it is very difficult to etch the circuits precisely and effectively
on the silicon substrate. This is where Nanotechnology steps in. Whether it is a
matter of using DNA for computing or arranging semiconductor atoms to form
logic circuit

Computing giant IBM has come up with a new kind of memory called
'Millipede technology', which makes use of an array of AFM probes to make
marks on a polymer surface for storing data. Each tip writes a 'bit' of 50
Nanometer on the polymer which stores the data. Reading and erasing of data is
also done by the same arrays. Big Blue's next step is to make gigabyte drives as

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tiny as one square centimeter. This means that music aficionados can store their
entire music collection on something the size of a watch a few years from now.
There are also plans to build a smart version of Millipede. This will have
electronics coupled to the Micro drive so that the whole package can act as an
independent system on a chip.

Molecular switches and transistors were first developed in 1998. These

breakthroughs are showing a path on which a completely new kind of computer
architecture is being developed. This approach makes use of objects called
Quantum dots for their operation. The main advantage of using approaches such
as the Quantum dot cell, other than the small sizes, is the power consumption..

4.1 ROLE OF NANO COMPUTER IN OUR PAPER

The Nanocomputer will perform an operation which is similar to the

normal desktop computer. But this is more efficient and it will have more
memory capacity and small size, using these features we will store different
images of different types of blood cells. When these devices get input from the
scanner which scans the blood cells, they will compare the image which is
already stored in them using some image processing techniques and produce the
desired output to the nanoassembler.

5. NANO ASSEMBLER

Nano assembler is a nanomachine which when given the required feedlot

would builds another nano machine which in turn could build anything that is
required. Thus assemblers are machines that will be able to build or that can be
compatible with the basic law of physics. They are also able to make copies of
themselves and thus proved to be economic.

Assembler could be programmed in the ordinary ‘C’ language to make

copies of it or to manufacture any other required device. The molecular
assembler consists of robotic arm capable of manipulating atoms and molecules
into useful products or copies of it.

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The structure of Nano Assembler is shown.

5.1 HOW THE ASSEMBLERS WORKS?

The basic general purpose assembler is a stiff telescopic molecular robotic

arm that is anchored to the substrate and immersed in the feedlot. The free end
would grab the molecular fragments in feedstock and hold them stiff enough so
that the object is assembled. The assembler is about 100 nano meter long and
contains about 4 million atoms.

5.2 USE OF ASSEMBLER IN THIS PAPER

Here the assembler is placed inside the human body. Researches have
proved that any foreign material such as chip or any other machine could be
placed inside the human body at two places 1) At the brain 2) Between the fore
finger and the middle finger. For the assembler to produce the desired output,
the input should be atoms . Here we chose to place the assembler in the human
brain. The brain is the control unit of the entire human body. The assembler
which is placed in the brain receives signal from the nano computer which is
interfaced with the assembler. After the image of the blood cells are scanned by
the scanner they are given to the nano computer. This computer which already
has the images of the healthy blood cells stored in it compares the blood cells of
the user and produces the output i.e., whether the shape or size or the number of
the cell is affected or not. If affected it tells the assembler that the particular cell
is less in number or its size or shape is deviated from the normal cell. Based in
this information received the assembler generates the atoms correspondingly.
But the input to the assembler should be atoms. These are got from within the

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human body. These molecules are present in any of the forms in all parts of the
body. Our assembler uses these atoms of carbohydrate which is available in
plenty in the regions of brain to produce the output.

5.3 HOW THIS OUTPUT REACHES THE AFFECTED AREA:

The atoms at the output reach the affected cell with the help of nano
swimmers that have been discovered recently. The structure of this nano
swimmer is shown in the figure

It consists of three spheres in a row connected by two rigid rods. These

nano swimmers have a most important property of swimming in viscous liquids
like blood. The rigid rods contact in length and then expand in length and thus
swim in the blood just like a swimmer in a pool. Now the output of the assembler
is placed on these nano swimmers and thus reaches the destiny.

6. MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES OF THE PAPER:

The most important feature of the paper is that once the system is installed
inside human body then the body will not require any doctors or any medicine.
Also the person will not suffer from any diseases that occur due to blood cells
and then related issues. Then he will never know that he has a problem and he is

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undergoing a treatment. Thus the paper provides automatic treatment to the
individual.

7. Conclusion:

We have scanned the blood cells and found a solution for diseases occurring
due to blood cells and their disorders. This would further be extended to the
other cells in the body and also to other important parts of the body such as
heart, liver, kidney, etc…. and thus the person could be protected from death.

8. References:

***Adriano Cavalcanti, “Robots in Surgery”

*** Plenary Lecture, Euro Nano Forum 2005

***Nanotechnology and the Health of the EU Citizen in 2020, Edinburgh,

Scotland, UK, September 2005.

***IEEE Transactions on Nanotechnology.Vol2, June 2003.