Designation: A 240/A 240M 00

Standard Specication for

Heat-Resisting Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless
Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
1
This standard is issued under the xed designation A240/A240M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specication
2
covers chromium, chromium-nickel,
and chromium-manganese-nickel stainless and heat-resisting
steel plate, sheet, and strip for pressure vessels.
1.2 Some steels covered by this specication, especially the
chromium steels, because of their particular alloy content and
specialized properties, may require special care in their fabri-
cation and welding. Specic procedures are of fundamental
importance, and it is presupposed that all parameters will be in
accordance with approved methods capable of producing the
desired properties in the nished fabrication.
1.3 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specication.
1.4 This specication and the applicable material specica-
tions are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However,
unless the order species the applicable M specication
designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished in
inch-pound units.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Denitions for Mechanical Testing
of Steel Products
3
A 480/A 480M Specication for General Requirements for
Flat-Rolled Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate,
Sheet, and Strip
3
A 923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic
Phase in Wrought Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless
Steels
3
E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
4
E 527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
5
2.2 SAE Standard:
J 1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS)
6
1
This specication is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 on Steel,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloysand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.17 on Flat Stainless Steel Products.
Current edition approved April 10, 2000. Published June 2000. Originally
published as A 240 40 T. Last previous edition A 240/A 240M 99b.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Speci-
cation SA-240 in Section II of that Code.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01.
6
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers, 400 Commonwealth Dr.,
Warrendale, PA 15096.
1
Copyright ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following requirements for orders for material
furnished under this specication shall conform to the appli-
cable requirements of the current edition of Specication
A 480/A 480M.
3.1.1 Denitions,
3.1.2 General requirements for delivery,
3.1.3 Ordering information,
3.1.4 Process,
3.1.5 Special tests,
3.1.6 Heat treatment,
3.1.7 Dimensions and permissible variations,
3.1.8 Workmanship, nish and appearance,
3.1.9 Number of tests/test methods,
3.1.10 Specimen preparation,
3.1.11 Retreatment,
3.1.12 Inspection,
3.1.13 Rejection and rehearing,
3.1.14 Material test report,
3.1.15 Certication, and
3.1.16 Packaging, marking, and loading.
4. Chemical Composition
4.1 The steel shall conform to the requirements as to
chemical composition specied in Table 1, and shall conform
to applicable requirements specied in Specication A 480/
A 480M.
5. Mechanical Properties
5.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical properties
specied in Table 2.
5.2 When specied by the purchaser, Charpy impact tests
shall be performed in accordance with Supplementary Require-
ment S1.
6. Materials for High-Temperature Service
6.1 The austenitic H Types shall conform to an average
grain size of ASTM No. 7 or coarser as measured by Test
Methods E 112.
6.2 Supplementary Requirement S2 shall be invoked when
non-H grade austenitic stainless steels are ordered for ASME
Code applications for service above 1000F [540C].
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A 240/A 240M
10
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS
A supplementary requirement shall apply only when specied in the purchase order.
S1. Charpy Impact Testing of Plate
S1.1 Charpy impact tests shall be conducted in accordance
with Test Methods and Denitions A 370.
S1.2 Number of Tests One impact test (3 specimens)
shall be made from one plate per heat treatment lot in the nal
heat treated condition.
S1.3 Orientation of Test Specimens Unless specied as
transverse specimens (long axis of the specimen transverse to
the nal rolling direction, root of the notch perpendicular to the
rolling face) on the purchase order, the orientation of the
specimens shall be longitudinal (long axis of the specimen
parallel to the nal rolling direction, root of the notch perpen-
dicular to the rolling face). The manufacturer is permitted to
test transverse specimens provided that such tests meet the
acceptance criteria applicable to longitudinal specimens. Un-
less otherwise specied on the purchase order, the specimens
shall be taken so as to include the mid-thickness of the product.
S1.4 Test Temperature The purchaser shall specify the
test temperature. The manufacturer is permitted to test speci-
mens at a temperature lower than that specied by the
purchaser, provided that such tests shall meet the acceptance
criteria applicable to specimens tested at the specied tempera-
ture (see Note ).
NOTE Test Methods A 923, Method B, applicable to some duplex
(austenitic-ferritic) stainless steels as listed in Test Methods A 923, uses a
Charpy impact test for the purpose of determining the absence of
detrimental intermetallic phases. Method B species a test temperature
and acceptance criterion, expressed as impact energy, for each type of
steel covered. It may be economical for the Charpy impact tests performed
on duplex stainless steels covered in both Specication A 240 and Test
Methods A 923 to be performed at the lower of the temperatures specied
by this supplementary requirement and Test Methods A 923 Method B,
with measurement of both lateral expansion and impact energy.
S1.5 Acceptance Limit Unless otherwise specied on the
purchase order, each of the three specimens tested shall show
a lateral expansion opposite the notch of not less than 0.015 in.
[0.38 mm].
S1.6 Records The recorded results shall include the
specimen orientation, specimen size, test temperature, ab-
sorbed energy values (if required), and lateral expansion
opposite the notch.
S2. Materials for High-Temperature Service
S2.1 Unless an H grade has been ordered, this supplemen-
tary requirement shall be specied for ASME Code applica-
tions for service above 1000F [540C].
S2.2 The user is permitted to use an austenitic stainless
steel as the corresponding H grade when the material meets all
requirements of the H grade including chemistry, annealing
temperature, and grain size (see Section 6).
S2.3 The user is permitted to use an L grade austenitic
stainless steel for service above 1000F [540C], subject to the
applicable allowable stress table of the ASME Code, when the
material meets all requirements of this specication and the
grain size is ASTM No. 7 or coarser as determined in
accordance with Test Method E 112. The grain size shall be
reported on a Certied Test Report.
The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection
with any item mentioned in this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such
patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.
This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every ve years and
if not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standards
and should be addressed to ASTM Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of the responsible
technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you should make your
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Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the above address or at
610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or service@astm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website (www.astm.org).
A 240/A 240M
11