Slide 1 / 131

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Slide 2 / 131
Circles
www.njctl.org
November 15, 2011
Slide 3 / 131
Table of Contents
Parts of a Circle
Angles & Arcs
Chords, Inscribed Angles & Polygons
Segments & Circles
Equations of a Circle
Click on a topic to go
to that section
Tangents & Secants
Slide 4 / 131
Parts of a Circle
Return to the
table of
contents
Slide 5 / 131
A circle is the set of all points in a
plane that are a fixed distance from a
given point in the plane called the
center.
center
Slide 6 / 131
The symbol for a circle is
.
placed by the center of the circle.
and is named by a capital letter
A
B
(circle A or
.
A)
is a radius of
.
A
A radius (plural, radii) is a line
segment drawn from the center of
the circle to any point on the circle.
It follows from the definition of a
circle that all radii of a circle are
congruent.
Slide 7 / 131
P
U
L
L
A
M
C
R
T
is the diameter of circle
A
is a chord of circle
A
A chord is a segment that has its
endpoints on the circle.
A diameter is a chord that goes
through the center of the circle.
What are the radii in this diagram?
All diameters of a circle are
congruent.
Slide 8 / 131
The rel at i onshi p bet ween t he di amet er and t he radi us
A
The measure of the diameter, d, is
twice the measure of the radius, r.
therefore, or
M
C
T
If t hen what i s t he l engt h of ,
In
.
A
what i s t he l engt h of
Slide 9 / 131
1 A diameter of a circle is the longest chord of the circle.
True
False
Slide 10 / 131
2 A radius of a circle is a chord of a circle.
True
False
Slide 11 / 131
3 Two radii of a circle always form a diameter of a circle.
True
False
Slide 12 / 131
4 If the radius of a circle measures 3.8 meters, what is
the measure of the diameter?
Slide 13 / 131
5 How many diameters can be drawn in a circle?
A 1
B 2
C 4
D infinitely many
Slide 14 / 131
A secant of a ci rcl e i s a l i ne t hat
i nt ersect s t he ci rcl e i n t wo poi nt s.
A
B
D
E
k
l
l i ne l i s a secantof t hi s ci rcl e.
A t angent i s a l i ne i n t he pl ane of a
ci rcl e t hat i nt ersect s t he ci rcl e i n
exact l y one poi nt (the point of
tangency). l i ne k i s a t angent
D i s t he poi nt of t angency.
t angent ray, , and t he t angent segment ,
are al so cal l ed t angent s.
,
Slide 15 / 131
COPLANAR CIRCLES are t wo ci rcl es i n t he same pl ane whi ch i nt ersect i n 2 poi nt s, 1 poi nt ,
or no poi nt s.
2 poi nt s 1 poi nt
t angent ci rcl es
no points
concent ri c ci rcl es
Copl anar ci rcl es t hat i nt ersect s i n 1 poi nt are cal l ed t angent ci rcl es. Copl anar ci rcl es
t hat have a common cent er cal l ed concent ri c.
.
.
.
.
.
Slide 16 / 131
A Common Tangent i s a l i ne, ray, or segment t hat i s t angent t o 2 copl anar
ci rcl es.
Internally tangent
(tangent line passes
between them)
Externally tangent
(tangent line does
not pass between
them)
Slide 17 / 131
6 How many common t angent s do t he ci rcl es have?
Slide 18 / 131
7 How many common t angent s do t he ci rcl es have?
Slide 19 / 131
8 How many common t angent s do t he ci rcl es have?
Slide 20 / 131
9 How many common t angent s do t he ci rcl es have?
Slide 21 / 131
Using the diagram below, match the notation with the term that best
describes it:
A
C
D
E
F
G
.
.
.
.
.
.
B
.
cent er
radi us chord
di amet er secant
t angent
poi nt of t angency
common t angent
Slide 22 / 131
10 The poi nt (2, 4) i s on t he ci rcl e whose cent er i s (6, 1). Fi nd
t he l engt h of t he di amet er of t he ci rcl e.
Slide 23 / 131
Angles & Arcs
Return to the
table of
contents
Slide 24 / 131
An ARC i s an unbroken pi ece of a ci rcl e wi t h endpoi nt s on t he ci rcl e.
.
.
A
B
Arc of the circle AB or
Arcs are measured i n t wo ways:
1) As t he measure of t he cent ral angl e i n degrees
2) As t he l engt h of t he arc i t sel f i n l i near uni t s
(Recall that the measure of the whole circle is 360
o
.)
Slide 25 / 131
A cent ral angl e i s an angl e whose vert ex i s t he cent er of t he ci rcl e.
M
A
T
H
S
.
.
In , i s t he cent ral angl e.
Name another central angle.
Slide 26 / 131
M
A
T
H
S
.
.
minor arc MA
If i s l ess t han 180
0
, t hen t he poi nt s on
t hat l i e i n t he i nt eri or of f orm t he mi nor arc wi t h
endpoi nt s M and H.
Name another minor arc.
MA High light
Slide 27 / 131
M
A
T
H
S
.
.
major arc
Poi nt s M and A and al l poi nt s of ext eri or t o
f orm a maj or arc, Maj or arcs are t he "l ong way" around t he ci rcl e.
Maj or arcs are great er t han 180
o
. Hi gh l i ght
MSA
Maj or arcs are named by t hei r endpoi nt s and a poi nt on t he arc.
Name another major arc.
MSA
Slide 28 / 131
M
A
T
H
S
.
.
minor arc
A semi ci rcl e i s an arc whose endpoi nt s are t he endpoi nt s of
t he di amet er. MAT i s a semi ci rcl e.
Semi ci rcl es are named by t hei r endpoi nt s and a poi nt on
t he arc.
Name another semicircle.
Hi gh Li ght t he semi ci rcl e.
Slide 29 / 131
The measure of a mi nor arc i s t he measure of i t s cent ral angl e.
The measure of t he maj or arc i s 360
0
mi nus t he measure of t he cent ral
angl e.
Measurement By A Central Angle
A
B
D
.
40
0
G
40
0
360
0
- 40
0
= 320
0
Slide 30 / 131
The Length of the Arc Itself (AKA - Arc Length)
Arc l engt h i s a port i on of t he ci rcumf erence of a ci rcl e.
Arc Lengt h Corol l ary - In a ci rcl e, t he rat i o of t he l engt h of a gi ven
arc t o t he ci rcumf erence i s equal t o t he rat i o of t he measure of t he
arc t o 360
0
.
C
A
T
r
arc length of
=
360
0
CT
CT
CT
CT
arc l engt h of
=
360
0
.
or
Slide 31 / 131
C
A
T
8 cm
60
0
EXAMPLE
In
A, t he cent ral angl e i s 60
0
and t he radi us i s 8 cm.
Fi nd t he l engt h of CT
CT
CT
arc l engt h of
=
360
0
.
=
60
0
360
0
.
8.38 cm
move for answer
Slide 32 / 131
EXAMPLE
S
A
Y
4.19 in
40
0
In
A
, t he cent ral angl e i s 40
0
and t he l engt h of
Fi nd t he ci rcumf erence of i s 4.19 i n. A.
SY
arc length of
=
360
0
SY
SY
=
360
0
40
0
4.19
4.19
=
9
1
=
37.71 i n move for answer
Slide 33 / 131
11 In ci rcl e C where i s a di amet er, f i nd
135
0
A
C
B
D
Slide 34 / 131
12 In ci rcl e C, where i s a di amet er, f i nd
135
0
A
C
B
D
Slide 35 / 131
13 In ci rcl e C, where i s a di amet er, f i nd
135
0
A
C
B
D
Slide 36 / 131
14 In circle C can it be assumed that AB is a diameter?
Yes
No
135
0
A
C
B
D
Slide 37 / 131
15 Fi nd t he l engt h of
45
0
A
B
C
Slide 38 / 131
16 Fi nd t he ci rcumf erence of ci rcl e T.
T
75
0
6.82 cm
Slide 39 / 131
17 In ci rcl e T, WY & XZ are di amet ers. WY = XZ = 6. If XY = ,
what i s t he l engt h of YZ?
A
B
C
D
140
0
T
W
Y
X
Z
Slide 40 / 131
Adj acent arcs: t wo arcs of t he same ci rcl e are adj acent i f t hey have a
common endpoi nt .
Just as wi t h adj acent angl es, measures of adj acent arcs can be added t o f i nd
t he measure of t he arc f ormed by t he adj acent arcs.
ADJACENT ARCS
.
.
.
C
A
T
+
=
Slide 41 / 131
EXAMPLE
A resul t of a survey about t he ages of peopl e i n a ci t y are shown. Fi nd t he
i ndi cat ed are measures.
>65
45-64
15-17
17-44
S
U
V
R
30
0
90
0
80
0
60
0
100
0
T
1.
2.
3.
4.
= 60
0
+ 80
0
= 140
0
100
0
+ 30
0
= 130
0
= 60
0
+ 80
0
+ 90
0
= 230
0
= 360
0
- 90
0
= 270
0
move for solution
Slide 42 / 131
Mat ch t he t ype of arc and i t 's measure t o t he gi ven arcs bel ow:
120
0
80
0
60
0
T
S
R
Q
mi nor arc maj or arc
semi ci rcl e
120
0
240
0
180
0
160
0
80
0
Slide 43 / 131
CONGRUENT CIRCLES & ARCS
Two ci rcl es are congruent i f t hey have t he same radi us.
Two arcs are congruent i f t hey have t he same measure and t hey are arcs of
t he same ci rcl e or congruent ci rcl es.
C
D
E
F
55
0
55
0
R
S
T
U
&
because t hey are i n t he same ci rcl e and
have t he same measure, but are not congruent
because t hey are arcs of ci rcl es t hat are not congruent .
Slide 44 / 131
18
True
Fal se
180
0
70
0
40
0
A
B
C
D
Slide 45 / 131
19
True
Fal se
85
0
M
N
L
P
Slide 46 / 131
20 Ci rcl e P has a radi us of 3 and has a measure of .
What i s t he l engt h of ?
A
B
C
D
90
0
P
A
B
Slide 47 / 131
21 Two concent ri c ci rcl es al ways have congruent radi i .
True
Fal se
Slide 48 / 131
22 If t wo ci rcl es have t he same cent er, t hey are congruent .
True
Fal se
Slide 49 / 131
23 Tanny cut s a pi e i nt o 6 congruent pi eces. What i s t he
measure of t he cent ral angl e of each pi ece?
Slide 50 / 131
Chords, Inscribed
Angles & Polygons
Return to the
table of
contents
Slide 51 / 131
i s t he arc of
When a mi nor arc and a chord have t he same endpoi nt s, we cal l t he arc
The Arc of t he Chord.
.
C
P
Q
**Recal l t he def i ni t i on of a chord - a segment wi t h endpoi nt s on t he ci rcl e .
Slide 52 / 131
THEOREM:
In a ci rcl e, i f one chord i s a perpendi cul ar bi sect or of anot her chord, t hen t he f i rst chord i s a
di amet er.
T
P
S
Q
E
i s t he perpendi cul ar bi sect or of .
Theref ore, i s a di amet er of t he ci rcl e.
Slide 53 / 131
THEOREM:
If a di amet er of a ci rcl e i s perpendi cul ar t o a chord, t hen t he di amet er bi sect s t he chord and i t s arc.
A
C
E
S
X
.
i s a di amet er of t he ci rcl e and i s
perpendi cul ar t o chord
Theref ore,
Li kewi se, t he perpendi cul ar bi sect or of a
chord of a ci rcl e passes t hrough t he
cent er of a ci rcl e.
Slide 54 / 131
THEOREM:
In t he same ci rcl e, or i n congruent ci rcl es, t wo mi nor arcs are congruent i f and onl y i f t hei r
correspondi ng arcs are congruent .
A
B C
D
i f f
iff stands for "if and only if"
Slide 55 / 131
If , t hen poi nt y and any l i ne segment , or
ray, t hat cont ai ns y, bi sect s
BISECTING ARCS
C
X
Z
Y
Slide 56 / 131
= 9(8) = 72
0
= 80 - 8 = 72
0
= 72
0
+ 72
0
= 144
0
9x = 80 - x
10x = 80
x = 8
Fi nd:
, ,
and
EXAMPLE
A
B
C
D
E
.
(9x)
0
(80 - x)
0
Slide 57 / 131
EXAMPLE
Gi ven ci rcl e C, QR = ST = 16. Fi nd CU.
.
Q
R
S
T
U
V
2x
5x - 9
C
Si nce t he chords QR & ST are
congruent , t hey are equi di st ant
f rom C. Theref ore,
2x = 5x - 9
9 = 3x CU = 2(3) = 6
3 = x
Slide 58 / 131
THEOREM:
In t he same ci rcl e, or congruent ci rcl es, t wo chords are congruent i f and onl y i f t hey are equi di st ant
f rom t he cent er.
.
C
G
D
E
A
F
B
i f f
Slide 59 / 131
24 In ci rcl e R, and . Fi nd
A
B
C
D
R
.
108
0
Slide 60 / 131
25 Gi ven ci rcl e C bel ow, t he l engt h of i s:
A 5
B 10
C 15
D 20
D B
F
C
.
10
A
Slide 61 / 131
26 Gi ven: ci rcl e P, PV = PW, QR = 2x + 6, and ST = 3x - 1. Fi nd
t he l engt h of QR.
A 1
B 7
C 20
D 8
R
S
Q
T
P
W
.
V
Slide 62 / 131
27 AH i s a di amet er of t he ci rcl e.
True
Fal se
A
S
H
M
3
3
5
T
Slide 63 / 131
INSCRIBED ANGLES
D
O
G
Inscri bed angl es are angl es whose vert ex
i n on t he ci rcl e and whose si des are
chords of t he ci rcl e.
The arc t hat l i es i n t he i nt eri or of an
i nscri bed angl e, and has endpoi nt s on
t he angl e, i s cal l ed t he i nt ercept ed arc.
i s an i nscri bed angl e and
i s i t s i nt ercept ed arc.
Slide 64 / 131
THEOREM:
The measure of an i nscri bed angl e i s hal f t he measure of i t s i nt ercept ed arc.
C
A
T
Slide 65 / 131
EXAMPLE
Q
R
T
S
P
.
50
0
48
0
Fi nd and
Slide 66 / 131
THEOREM:
If t wo i nscri bed angl es of a ci rcl e i nt ercept t he same arc, t hen t he angl es are congruent .
D
C
B
A
si nce t he bot h i nt ercept
Slide 67 / 131
In a ci rcl e, paral l el chords i nt ercept congruent arcs.
O
D
B
.
C
A
In ci rcl e O, i f , t hen
Slide 68 / 131
28 Gi ven ci rcl e C bel ow, f i nd
D E
C
A
B
. 100
0
35
0
Slide 69 / 131
29 Gi ven ci rcl e C bel ow, f i nd
D E
C
A
B
. 100
0
35
0
Slide 70 / 131
30 Gi ven t he f i gure bel ow, whi ch pai rs of angl es are
congruent ?
A
B
C
D
R
S
U
T
Slide 71 / 131
31 Fi nd
X
Y
Z
P
.
Slide 72 / 131
32 In a ci rcl e, t wo paral l el chords on opposi t e si des of t he
cent er have arcs whi ch measure and . Fi nd t he
measure of one of t he arcs i ncl uded bet ween t he chords.
100
0
120
0
Slide 73 / 131
33 Gi ven ci rcl e O, f i nd t he val ue of x.
.
O
A B
C
D
x
30
0
Slide 74 / 131
34 Gi ven ci rcl e O, f i nd t he val ue of x.
.
O
A B
C
D
x
100
0
70
0
Slide 75 / 131
In the circle below, and Fi nd
, and
Try This
P
S
1
2
3
4
Q
T
Slide 76 / 131
INSCRIBED POLYGONS
A pol ygon i s i nscri bed i f al l i t s vert i ces l i e on a
ci rcl e.
.
.
.
i nscri bed
t ri angl e
.
.
.
.
i nscri bed
quadri l at eral
Slide 77 / 131
THEOREM:
If a ri ght t ri angl e i s i nscri bed i n a ci rcl e, t hen t he hypot enuse i s a di amet er of t he ci rcl e.
A
L
G
x
.
i f f AC i s a di amet er of t he ci rcl e.
Slide 78 / 131
THEOREM:
A quadri l at eral can be i nscri bed i n a ci rcl e i f and onl y i f i t s opposi t e angl es are suppl ement ary.
N
E
R
A C
.
N, E, A, and R l i e on ci rcl e C i f f
Slide 79 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd t he val ue of each vari abl e:
2a
2a
4b
2b L
K
J
M
2a + 2a = 180
4a = 180
a = 45
0
4b + 2b = 180
6b = 180
a = 30
0
Slide 80 / 131
35 The val ue of x i s
A
B
C
D
150
0
98
0
112
0
180
0
C
B
A
D
x
y
68
0
82
0
Slide 81 / 131
36 In t he di agram, i s a cent ral angl e and .
What i s ?
15
0
30
0
60
0
120
0
A
B
C
D
.
B
A
D
C
Slide 82 / 131
37 What i s t he val ue of x?
A 5
B 10
C 13
D 15
E
F
G
(12x + 40)
0
(8x + 10)
0
Slide 83 / 131
Tangents & Secants
Return to the
table of
contents
Slide 84 / 131
**Recal l t he def i ni t i on of a t angent l i ne:
A l i ne t hat i nt ersect s t he ci rcl e i n exact l y one poi nt .
THEOREM:
In a pl ane, a l i ne i s t angent t o a ci rcl e i f and onl y i f t he l i ne i s perpendi cul ar t o a radi us of t he ci rcl e
at i t s endpoi nt on t he ci rcl e (t he poi nt of t angency).
.
.
X
B
l
l
Li ne i s t angent t o ci rcl e X i f f
l
woul d be t he poi nt of t angency. B
Slide 85 / 131
Veri f y A Li ne i s Tangent t o a Ci rcl e
.
T
P
S
35
37
12
}
Gi ven: i s a radi us of ci rcl e P
Is t angent t o ci rcl e P?
Si nce 35
2
+ 12
2
= 37
2
, t ri angl e PST i s a
ri ght t ri angl e. Theref ore, ST i s
perpendi cul ar t o radi us TP at i t s
endpoi nt on ci rcl e P. So, ST i s t angent t o
ci rcl e P at T.
Slide 86 / 131
Fi ndi ng t he Radi us of a Ci rcl e
.
A
C
B
r
r
50 ft
80 ft
If B i s a poi nt of t angency, f i nd t he radi us
of ci rcl e C.
AC
2
+ BC
2
= AB
2
80
2
+ r
2
= (50 + r)
2

6400 + r
2
= r
2
+ 100r + 2500
6400 = 100r + 2500
3900 = 100r
39 = r
So, r = 39 f t .
Slide 87 / 131
THEOREM:
Tangent segment s f rom a common ext ernal poi nt are congruent .
R
A
T
P
.
If AR and AT are t angent segment s, t hen
Slide 88 / 131
EXAMPLE
Gi ven: RS i s t angent t o ci rcl e C at S and RT i s t angent t o ci rcl e C at T. Fi nd x.
S
R
T
C
.
28
3x + 4
3x + 4 = 28
3x = 24
x = 8
Slide 89 / 131
38 AB i s a radi us of ci rcl e A. Is BC t angent t o ci rcl e A?
.
B
C
A
60
25
67
}
Slide 90 / 131
39 S i s a poi nt of t angency. Fi nd t he radi us r of ci rcl e T.
A 31.7
B 60
C 14
D 3.5
.
T
S
R
r
r
48 cm
36 cm
Slide 91 / 131
40 In ci rcl e C, DA i s t angent at A and DB i s t angent at B. Fi nd x.
A
D
B
C
.
25
3x - 8
Slide 92 / 131
41 AB, BC, and CA are t angent s t o ci rcl e O. AD = 5, AC= 8, and
BE = 4. Fi nd t he peri met er of t ri angl e ABC.
.
B
E
F
A
C
D
O
Slide 93 / 131
Tangent s and secant s can f orm ot her angl e rel at i onshi ps i n ci rcl e. Recal l t he
measure of an i nscri bed angl e i s 1/ 2 i t s i nt ercept ed arc. Thi s can be ext ended
t o any angl e t hat has i t s vert ex on t he ci rcl e. Thi s i ncl udes angl es f ormed by
t wo secant s, a secant and a t angent , a t angent and a chord, and t wo t angent s.
A Tangent and a Chord
THEOREM:
If a t angent and a chord i nt ersect at a poi nt on a ci rcl e, t hen t he measure of each angl e f ormed i s
one hal f t he measure of i t s i nt ercept ed arc.
.
.
.
A
M
R
2
1
Slide 94 / 131
A Tangent and a Secant , Two Tangent s, and Two Secant s
THEOREM:
If a t angent and a secant , t wo t angent s, or t wo secant s i nt ersect out si de a ci rcl e, t hen t he measure
of t he angl e f ormed i s hal f t he di f f erence of i t s i nt ercept ed arcs.
A
B
C
1
a t angent and a secant
P
Q
M
2
.
t wo t angent s t wo secant s
W
X
Y
Z
3
Slide 95 / 131
THEOREM:
If t wo chords i nt ersect i nsi de a ci rcl e, t hen t he measure of each angl e i s hal f t he sum of t he
i nt ercept ed arcs by t he angl e and vert i cal angl e.
M
A
H
T
1
2
Slide 96 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd t he val ue of x.
D
C
A
B
x
0
76
0
178
0
Slide 97 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd t he val ue of x.
130
0
x
0
156
0
x = 1/ 2 (130
0
+ 156
0
)
x = 143
0
Slide 98 / 131
42 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
C
H
D
F
x
0
78
0
42
0
E
Slide 99 / 131
43 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
247
0
x
0
Slide 100 / 131
44 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
34
0
(x + 6)
0
(3x - 2)
0
Slide 101 / 131
45 Fi nd
A
B
65
0
Slide 102 / 131
46 Fi nd
1
260
0
Slide 103 / 131
47 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
x
1
2
2
.5
0
45
0
Slide 104 / 131
48 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
(2x - 30)
0
30
0
x
Slide 105 / 131
Segments & Circles
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table of
contents
Slide 106 / 131
THEOREM:
If t wo chords i nt ersect i nsi de a ci rcl e, t hen t he product s of t he measures of t he segment s of t he
chords are equal .
A
C
D B
E
Slide 107 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd t he val ue of x.
5
5
x
4
Slide 108 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd ML & JK.
x + 2
x

+

4
x

x + 1
ML = (2 + 2) + ( 2 + 1) = 7
JK = 2 + (2 + 4) = 8
Slide 109 / 131
49 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
18
9
16
x
Slide 110 / 131
50 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
A - 2
B 4
C 5
D 6
x
2
2x + 6
x
Slide 111 / 131
THEOREM:
If t wo secant segment s are drawn t o a ci rcl e f rom an ext ernal poi nt , t hen t he product of t he
measures of one secant segment equal s t he product of t he measures of t he ot her secant segment
and i t s ext ernal secant segment .
A
B
E
C
D
Slide 112 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd t he val ue of x.
9
6
x
5
Slide 113 / 131
51 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
3
x + 2
x + 1
x - 1
Slide 114 / 131
52 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
x + 4
x - 2
5
4
Slide 115 / 131
THEOREM:
If a t angent segment and a secant segment are drawn t o a ci rcl e f rom an ext ernal poi nt , t hen t he
square of t he measure of t he t angent segment i s equal t o t he product of t he measures of t he secant
segment and i t s ext ernal secant segment .
A
E
C
D
Slide 116 / 131
EXAMPLE
Fi nd RS.
R
S
Q
T
16
x
8
Si nce we are deal i ng wi t h measurement ,
we onl y t he posi t i ve answer:
Slide 117 / 131
53 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
1
x
3
Slide 118 / 131
54 Fi nd t he val ue of x.
x
12
24
Slide 119 / 131
Equation of a
Circle
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table of
contents
Slide 120 / 131
y
x
r
(x, y)
Let (x, y) be any poi nt on a ci rcl e wi t h
cent er at t he ori gi n and radi us, r. By
t he Pyt hagorean Theorem,
x
2
+ y
2
= r
2
Thi s i s t he equat i on of a ci rcl e wi t h
cent er at t he ori gi n.
Slide 121 / 131
EXAMPLE
Wri t e t he equat i on of t he ci rcl e.
4
x
2
+ y
2
= (4)
2
x
2
+ y
2
= 16
Slide 122 / 131
For ci rcl es whose cent er i s not at t he ori gi n, we use t he di st ance f ormul a
t o deri ve t he equat i on.
.
(x, y)
(h, k)
r
Thi s i s t he st andard equat i on of a
ci rcl e.
Slide 123 / 131
EXAMPLE
Write the standard equation of a circle with center (-2, 3) &
radius 3.8.
Slide 124 / 131
EXAMPLE
The poi nt (- 5, 6) i s on a ci rcl e wi t h cent er (- 1, 3). Wri t e t he st andard
equat i on of t he ci rcl e.
Fi rst , we need t o f i nd t he l engt h of t he
radi us:
Then subst i t ut e t he cent er and radi us
i nt o t he st andard equat i on of a ci rcl e:
Slide 125 / 131
EXAMPLE
The equat i on of a ci rcl e i s (x - 4)
2
+ (y + 2)
2
= 36. Graph t he ci rcl e.
We know t he cent er of t he ci rcl e i s (4, - 2) and t he radi us i s 6.
.
.
.
.
Fi rst pl ot t he cent er and move 6 pl aces
i n each di rect i on.
Then draw t he ci rcl e.
Slide 126 / 131
55 What i s t he st andard equat i on of t he ci rcl e bel ow?
A
B
C
D
x
2
+ y
2
= 400
(x - 10)
2
+ (y - 10)
2
= 400
(x + 10)
2
+ (y - 10)
2
= 400
(x - 10)
2
+ (y + 10)
2
= 400
10
Slide 127 / 131
56 What i s t he st andard equat i on of t he ci rcl e?
A
B
C
D
(x - 3)
2
+ (y - 3)
2
= 9
(x + 3)
2
+ (y + 3)
2
= 9
(x + 3)
2
+ (y + 3)
2
= 81
(x - 3)
2
+ (y - 3)
2
= 81
Slide 128 / 131
57 What is the center of (x - 4)
2
+ (y - 2)
2
= 64?
A (0,0)
B (4,2)
C (-4, -2)
D (4, -2)
Slide 129 / 131
58 What is the radius of (x - 4)
2
+ (y - 2)
2
= 64?
Slide 130 / 131
59 The st andard equat i on of a ci rcl e i s (x - 2)
2
+ (y + 1)
2
= 16.
What i s t he di amet er of t he ci rcl e?
A 2
B 4
C 8
D 16
Slide 131 / 131
60 Whi ch poi nt does not l i e on t he ci rcl e descri bed by t he
equat i on (x + 2)
2
+ (y - 4)
2
= 25?
A (- 2, - 1)
B (1, 8)
C (3, 4)
D (0, 5)