Instrumentation

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Instrumentation
The instrumentation and sensing devices required for normal operation and control and are discussed in
this section. Purchaser interfacing equipment requirements are described herein, the Engine Control
System Specification, and on the gas turbine electrical schematic. This section describes the minimum
instrumentation requirements for LM2500 SAC gas turbine installations. Electrical contains electrical
requirements and recommendations related to lead routing, shielding, connectors, and cabling. Location
and interface requirements for all engine mounted instrumentation and sensing devices are described on
Installation Drawings. The instrumentation requirements are described as those required for the core
control of the fuel and air and those required for monitoring the safe operation of the gas turbine. All
instrumentation listed herein is considered to be required.

Core Control and Protective Function Sensors

The Engine Control Unit (ECU), described in the Controls, requires the parameter values shown in
Table 1 as direct input, properly conditioned, for fuel and air control, and for protective safety functions.
Select the parameter name to view the parameter/sensor installation data and installation requirements.
Table 1. Instrumentation Required for Engine Control Input.
Label

GT
Provision

PS3

1 Tap

FLAMDT

Optional
Sensors

PT Inlet Temperature

T5.4

11 Probes

-40 - 2000F (-40 - 1093.3 C)

HPC Speed

NGG

2 Sensors

0 - 12,000 rpm

PT Speed

NPT

2 Sensors

0 - 5,000 rpm

Parameter
HPC Discharge Static Pressure
UV Flame Detector (2 required with
gas/water or gas steam fuel systems)

Expected Level
0 - 500 psia (0 - 3447 kPa)
0 - 1 (Integer)

Additional Protective Functions

The parameters shown in Table 2 are required to assure safe and reliable operation of the gas turbine.
The sensor signals, properly conditioned, can be input into the ECU for fault accommodation logic
processing. Alternatively, the fault accommodation logic can be processed within the system control
panel, and the resultant output can be included a discrete input to the ECU. Regardless of the control
implementation, the sequence timing and electrical interface must meet the requirements of this IDM.

Table 2. Additional Protective/Monitoring Function Required Instrumentation

Parameter

GT
Provision

Expected Level

HPC Discharge Temperature (Steam Injected

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Instrumentation

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Models)

T/C Probe

-40 - 2000F (-40 - 1093

GG HP Rotor Vibration

Accelerometer

0 - 15 mils DA
0 - 4 ips velocity
(0 -101 mm/sec.)

PT Rotor Vibration

Accelerometer

0 - 15 mils DA
0 - 4 ips velocity
(0 -101 mm/sec.)

GG Oil Supply Temperature

RTD

-40 - 400F
(-40 - 204C)

GG Oil Scavenge Temperature

(5 required)

RTDs

-40 - 400F
(-40 - 204C)

Sensor

> 100 ohms

GG Oil Supply Pressure

Tap

0 - 150 psig
(0 - 1034 kPa)

GG Oil Scavenge Pressure

Tap

0 - 150 psig
(0 - 1034 kPa)

Fuel Secondary & Primary Temperature (Dual fuel)

2 Sensors (T/C)

0 - 1000F
(-18 - 538C)

Water Manifold Temperature (Water NOx control)

Sensor (T/C)

0 - 1000F
(-18 - 538C)

PT Inlet Pressure

Tap

0 - 100 psia
(0 - 689 kPA)

HP Recoup Pressure

Tap

0 - 200 PSIA
(0 - 1379 kPA)

Scavenge Oil Chip Detectors

(5 required)

Additional Instrumentation for Condition Monitoring

Additional Purchaser supplied condition monitoring instrumentation is recommended for monitoring
and trouble shooting of the gas turbine system, but is not mandatory. The following is recommended for
installation in the Purchasers hardware.:

Table 3. Additional Protective/Monitoring

Function Required Instrumentation
GT
Provision

Expected Level

Probe

-65 - 130F (-54 - 54C)

HPC Inlet Pressure

Tap

12 - 16 psia (83 - 110 kPaA)

VSV Position LVDT

LVDT Position Sensor

--

--

0 - 25,000 lb/hr
0 - 11,340 kg/h)

Parameter
HPC Inlet Temperature

NOx Water Flow (When Applicable)

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Instrumentation

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NOx Steam Flow (When Applicable)

--

0 - 25,000 lb/hr
0 - 11,340 kg/h)

CDP Steam Flow (when Applicable)

--

0 - 50,000 lb/hr
(0 - 22,680 kg/h)

Fuel Supply Temperature

--

0 - 350F (177C)

Fuel Flow

--

0 - 15000 PPH (6800 kg/h)

Liquid Primary manifold supply pressure

--

0 - 500 psig (3.44 MPa)

Liquid Secondary manifold supply pressure

--

0 - 350 psig (2.41 MPa)

Gas Manifold supply pressure

--

0 - 350 psig (2.41 MPa)

Water Manifold pressure

--

0 - 350 psig ( 2.41 MPa)

--

0 - 36 in H2O ( 8.9 kPa)

--

0 - 1000F (538C)

PT discharge Pressure (P8) (Useful when diverter

door mal-operation may affect back pressure)
PT discharge Temperature (T8) (Useful for exhaust
duct and heat exchanger monitoring) Minimum of 6
T/C's is recommended.

Gas Turbine Operating Time/Temperature History System

The expected hot section repair interval of the gas turbine depends on many factors, and therefore a
permanent log of gas turbine operating conditions including starts, trips, and time at temperature is
highly recommended, since this information can be useful in planning maintenance activities.
The installation design should include provisions to collect data and display count of starts, trips, total
operating time, and operating time at various levels of T5.4. The levels of T5.4 selected for data
collection will be site and application dependent. The Purchaser should work with GE on an application
by application basis to determine mutually agreeable temperature levels.
For steam injection operation, capability should be built into the system to record hours of operation
with steam injection in each of the steam supply systems. A recommended time at power and
temperature monitoring system is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Recommended LM2500 Time at power and Temperature Monitoring

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Instrumentation

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Installation Design Considerations

The Purchaser should refer to Electrical for specific recommendations related to instrumentation,
electrical lead routing and shielding, connectors and cabling, and other installation considerations in low
current/voltage level instrumentation signal leads.
All instrumentation connections to the gas turbine must be flexible to permit thermal expansion without
placing undue loads on the connection points.

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