MONTHLY REPORT ON DENGUE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SURVEILLANCE
A publication of the National Dengue Control Unit
Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka
National Dengue Control Unit-Ministry of Health, Sri Lanka
Public Health Complex, 555/5, Elvitigala Mawatha, Narahenpita, Colombo 05.
Tel : +94(0)112368416 / 7 Fax: +94(0)11 2369893 Email: ndcu2010@yahoo.com
Web : http://www.dengue.health.gov.lk
Vol.01 Issue No 02 June 2014
Biting times of Dengue Mosquito
Biology of a vector is very important in many aspects
in order to control vector borne diseases. For Dengue
in Sri Lanka, it is the biology of Aedes aegypti and
A.albopictus .
Main proven control measure for these vectors is
elimination of breeding places. Breeding places are
based on three simple criteria 1.surface to lay the
eggs, 2.clear water 3.which has organic substances to
feed the future larvae. Apart from eliminating water
containers and potential breeding places, in certain
circumstances controlling the adult (female) by
fogging is also considered as an immediate
preventive measure (knock down effect). To do this
effectively, evidence based approaches should guide
the proper execution in attacking the adult mosquito.
In 2004, Hambantota district (Southern province)
showed the following patterns in biting behavior for
A.aegypti (Figure 01) and A.albopictus (Figure 02).
Figure 01:Biting behaviour of A.aegypti
This clearly shows that the magnitude of the morning
biting peak was considerably higher compared to that
of evening of A.aegypti. In the morning indoor
landing rate of A. aegypti was much higher than that
of in the evening. Morning peak extends from 6.00
hours to 1100 hours while evening peak extends from
1500 hours to 2000 hours. A.albopictus also shows a
similar pattern in outdoor biting with similar
magnitude but negligible indoor biting tendency
shown in figure 02.
Figure 02:Biting behaviour of A.albopictus
In a related study carried out in 2012 shows similar
results in Southern Province. In addition it is shown
that Aedes prefers low intensity of sun light and
high relative humidity and moderate temperature to
expedite the activities of the mosquitoes. According
to the literature, peak biting periods of Aedes are
found as the sun rise and before sun set. This may
have little variation depending on the geographical
locations.
Space spray application time of a particular area,
should be based on peak biting(active) periods of
dengue vector mosquitoes. For the immediate
transmission blocking of dengue virus, effective
space spraying is very much important.
References :
1. Peiris BSL. Determination of peak biting periods of dengue vector
mosquitoes in three selected localities of Hambantota district. In
SLAAS 2013; 2013; Colombo.
2. Peiris BSL. Bionomics of Dengue Vectors in Southern Sri Lanka. In
Proceedings of the National Symposium on Mosquito Control of
Postgraduate Institute of Science University of Peradeniya & National
Science Foundation,Colombo.; 2005.
[NB: NDCU specially thank Dr. B.S.Lalanthika
Peiris , Regional Malaria Officer, RMO office,
Hambantota for providing her research findings to
produce this article.]
Contents Page
1. Biting times of Dengue Mosquito
2. Entomological Forecast
3. Island wide Entomological Surveillance Summary -2014 April-May
1
1
2
Comments and contributions for publication in the MRDES Sri Lanka are welcome. Prior approval should be obtained from the NDCU before
publishing data in this publication.
MRDES Sri Lanka - Vol.01 Issue No 02 June 2014
Table 1: Dengue Entomological Surveillance - 2014 April - May Summary
P
r
o
v
i
n
c
e
D
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
No. of Premises Percentage Positivity by type of containers
I
n
s
p
e
c
t
e
d
F
o
u
n
d
p
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
%
P
o
s
i
t
i
v
e
D
i
s
c
a
r
d
e
d
r
e
c
e
p
t
a
c
l
e
s
W
a
t
e
r
s
t
o
r
a
g
e
c
o
n
t
a
i
n
e
r
s
C
e
m
e
n
t
t
a
n
k
s
C
o
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c
r
e
t
e
s
l
a
b
N
a
t
u
r
a
l
A
/
C
&
R
P
&
O
W
e
l
l
s
O
t
h
e
r
s
WP
Colombo 1036 122 11.77 36% 9% 1% 2% 4% 1% 4% 0% 43%
Gampaha 800 102 12.75 35% 11% 4% 1% 7% 2% 5% 0% 35%
Kalutara 2445 199 8.13 57% 11% 0% 1% 15% 0% 1% 0% 15%
NWP
Kurunegala 852 45 5.28 74% 7% 9% 0% 0% 0% 4% 0% 6%
Puttalam 400 14 3.5 60% 6% 13% 0% 7% 0% 7% 0% 7%
UP
Monaragala 3372 283 8.39 37% 23% 0% 0% 1% 0% 2% 0% 37%
Badulla 2447 177 7.23 29% 29% 16% 4% 3% 2% 0% 0% 17%
CP
Matale 1462 61 4.17 32% 29% 19% 0% 2% 5% 0% 0% 13%
Nuwara Eliya
**
522 20 3.83 30% 20% 10% 0% 5% 25% 0% 0% 10%
Kandy 4945 254 5.13 22% 11% 23% 2% 2% 17% 5% 0% 18%
EP
Batticaloa
+
351 15 4.27 57% 22% 0% 0% 0% 0% 7% 0% 14%
Kalmunai 846 19 2.24 14% 19% 10% 0% 5% 0% 14% 24% 14%
Trincomalee 1387 24 1.73 8% 38% 12% 0% 8% 15% 4% 0% 15%
Ampara * * * * * * * * * * * *
NCP
Anuradhapura 1722 168 9.75 45% 8% 2% 0% 20% 0% 5% 0% 20%
Polonnaruwa * * * * * * * * * * * *
SGP
Kegalle 2321 242 10.42 49% 15% 6% 0% 6% 6% 1% 0% 17%
Rathnapura 4013 419 10.44 36% 6% 3% 1% 19% 8% 1% 0% 26%
SP
Galle
+
50 1 2.00 50% 50% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0%
Matara 982 98 9.97 43% 9% 0% 0% 16% 10% 4% 0% 18%
Hambantota 1847 99 5.36 16% 32% 25% 1% 2% 2% 8% 0% 14%
NP
Jaffna 500 29 5.8 44% 55% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 1%
Mannar 600 66 11 1% 96% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 3%
Killinochchi * * * * * * * * * * * *
Vavuniya * * * * * * * * * * * *
Mullativu * * * * * * * * * * * *
Sri Lanka
32,900 2457 7.46 38% 17% 6% 1% 8% 5% 3% 0% 22%
RDHS
Premises
Inspected
No. found
positive
Positive
%
Colombo 1757 62 3.53
Gampaha 873 84 9.62
Table 2
Entomological Surveillance Data by MRI team
during April and May 2014
Entomological Forecast of High-Risk Areas
RDHS MO(O)H
Colombo District 4(CMC)
Gampaha Gampaha,Attanagalla,Biyagama
Kalutara Agalawaththa, Ingiriya,Horana
Kurunegala Pannala
Badulla Ella
Kandy Pathadumbara
Batticaloa Eravur
Kegalle Kegalle, Ruwanwella, Warakapola, Galigamuwa
Rathnapura Kahawatta, Kuruwita
Matara Matara MC,Dondara, Malimbada
Mannar Mannar
Key: This report is based on the weekly returns sent by Entomological Assistants (EAA) to N DCU. P & O- Ponds and Ornamentals; R
Refrigerators ; * No data ; Others- Tyres, Roof gutters and other miscellaneous places (eg. Tube wells, Earth pipes, Water meters, etc)
Director,
National Dengue Control Unit,
Public Health Complex,
555/5, Elvitigala Mawatha,
Colombo 05.
Address:
+April data only; **May data only