CAM & CNC

COMPUTER AIDED MANUFACTURING (CAM)

System of using computer technology to assist the manufacturing
process is known as Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM).

Computer Aided Manufacturing is commonly linked to Computer

Aided Design (CAD) systems.

The resulting integrated CAD/CAM system then takes the computer-

generated design, and feeds it directly into the manufacturing
system; the design is then converted into multiple computer
controlled processes, such as drilling or Turning.

COMPUTER NUMERICAL CONTROL (CNC)

Computer numerical control (CNC) is a computer "controller" that reads G-

code and M-code commands and drives a machine tool. CNC does
numerically directed interpolation of a cutting tool in the work envelope of a
machine. The operating parameters of the CNC can be altered via the Master
Control Unit (MCU) of the machine.
SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.
WORKING PRINCIPLE OF CNC SYSTEM

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.

PRINCIPLE:-

1)Computer or Mini-Computer is used to perform all the basic NC functions. Part program to produce
the part is given to computer as INPUT.

2) The INPUT data is stored in storage device

3) Computer digital signals are converted into analog signals through DAC.

4) Machine drive performs the actual operation.

5) Real time clock used by computer to measure the ERROR, time to time & provides Real time data
to DAC.

6) Encoder is used as feed back device.

7)Program is executed in step by step and if error is caused then it measured & fed back to system.

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.

 CNC PANELS AND CNC TURNING CENTER

1)COMMON CNC PANNEL

2) SIEMENS CNC PANEL

CNC TURNING CENTRE

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.

 CNC HARDWARE
1) Micro processors
2) Transducers, Actuators (Comparators)
3) DAC
4) Servo motor
5) Tachometer Etc.

CNC SOFTWARE
1) GE FANUC
2) SIEMENS
3) MITSUBISHI
4) MASTERCAM
All these CNC manufacturers developed there own softwares which
commonly consists of different codes such as G-codes used to position the tool,
M-codes used for miscellaneous work such as coolant ON & OFF. Other codes
are s-speed, F-feed and so on.

COMPARISION
1)More machining time available to operator.
2)Multi-operation is possible in single run.
3) Program can be stored in small place while drawing has to be referred takes more time
4)CNC is costlier than conventional machines.
5) Is used for small batches of medium size parts.
SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.
 TYPES & CLASSIFICATION OF CNC MACHINES

• According to the type of machine

1) Open loop
2) Close loop

• According to the type of machine

1) Point to point positioning
2) Straight line contouring [continuous path type]

• According to the principle working such as

1) Analog
2) Digital

• According to the programming such as

1) Incremental
2) Absolute etc.

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.
SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.
 APPLICATIONS OF CNC

1] CNC machines have been widely used in industry.

2] CNC is being used in drilling, turning, boring, milling & grinding machines.

3] CNC is used on machines like pipe bending, coil winding, flame cutting, welding etc.

SNEHAL CHOPADE Govt Poly, Walsad, Gj, India.