Mddeware s computer software that provdes servces to software

appcatons beyond those avaabe from the operatng system. It can be

descrbed as "software gue".|1| Mddeware makes t easer for software
deveopers to perform communcaton and nput/output, so they can focus on
the specc purpose of ther appcaton. Mddeware s the software that
connects software components or enterprse appcatons. Mddeware s the
software ayer that es between the operatng system and the appcatons on
each sde of a dstrbuted computer network (Fgure 1-1). Typcay, t supports
compex, dstrbuted busness software appcatons.
Mddeware s the nfrastructure whch factates creaton of busness
appcatons, and provdes core servces ke concurrency, transactons,
threadng, messagng, and the SCA framework for servce-orented
archtecture (SOA) appcatons. It aso provdes securty and enabes hgh
avaabty functonaty to your enterprse.
Mddeware ncudes Web servers, appcaton servers, content management
systems, and smar toos that support appcaton deveopment and devery.
It s especay ntegra to nformaton technoogy based on Extensbe Markup
Language (XML), Smpe Ob|ect Access Protoco (SOAP), Web servces, SOA,
Web 2.0 nfrastructure, and Lght weght drectory access
protoco(LDAP)Mddeware n dstrbuted appcatons|edt|
Software archtecture: Mddeware
Man artce: Mddeware (dstrbuted appcatons)
The term s most commony used for software that enabes communcaton
and management of data n dstrbuted appcatons. In ths more specc
sense mddeware can be descrbed as the dash n cent-server, or the -to- n
peer-to-peer.|ctaton needed|
Ob|ectWeb denes mddeware as: "The software ayer that es between the
operatng system and appcatons on each sde of a dstrbuted computng
system n a network."|2| Servces that can be regarded as mddeware
ncude enterprse appcaton ntegraton, data ntegraton, message orented
mddeware (MOM), ob|ect request brokers (ORBs), and the enterprse servce
bus (ESB).
Dstrbuted computng system mddeware can oosey be dvded nto two
categores - those that provde human-tme servces (such as web request
servcng) and those that perform n machne-tme. Ths atter mddeware s
somewhat standardzed through the Servce Avaabty Forum and s
commony used n compex, embedded systems wthn teecom, defense and
aerospace ndustres.
Other exampes of mddeware|edt|
The term mddeware s used n other contexts as we. Mddeware s
sometmes used n a smar sense to a software drver, an abstracton ayer
that hdes deta about hardware devces or other software from an
appcaton.
The mer software dstrbuton s a mddeware: t acks the Lnux kerne and t
aso acks a UI. Mer s targeted at hardware vendors' mobe-orented
operatng systems.
The Androd operatng system uses the Lnux kerne at ts core, and aso
provdes an appcaton framework that deveopers ncorporate nto ther
appcatons. In addton, Androd provdes a mddeware ayer ncudng
brares that provde servces such as data storage, screen dspay,
mutmeda, and web browsng. Because the mddeware brares are
comped to machne anguage, servces execute qucky. Mddeware brares
aso mpement devce-specc functons, so appcatons and the appcaton
framework need not concern themseves wth varatons between varous
Androd devces. Androd's mddeware ayer aso contans the Davk vrtua
machne and ts core |ava appcaton brares.|3|
Game engne software such as Gamebryo and Renderware are sometmes
descrbed as mddeware, because they provde many servces to smpfy
game deveopment.
In smuaton technoogy, mddeware s generay used n the context of the
hgh eve archtecture (HLA) that appes to many dstrbuted smuatons. It
s a ayer of software that es between the appcaton code and the run-tme
nfrastructure. Mddeware generay conssts of a brary of functons, and
enabes a number of appcatons-smuatons or federates n HLA
termnoogy-to page these functons from the common brary rather than
re-create them for each appcaton.
Wreess networkng deveopers can use mddeware to meet the chaenges
assocated wth wreess sensor network (WSN), or WSN technooges.
Impementng a mddeware appcaton aows WSN deveopers to ntegrate
operatng systems and hardware wth the wde varety of varous appcatons
that are currenty avaabe.|4|
The ONX operatng system ohers mddeware for provdng mutmeda
servces for use n automobes, arcraft and other enven mddeware system
standard desgned by the DVB pro|ect for nteractve dgta teevson. The
MHP enabes the recepton and executon of nteractve, |ava-based
appcatons on a teevson set.
Unversa Home API, or UHAPI, s an appcaton programmng nterface (API)
for consumer eectroncs appances, created by the UHAPI Forum. The
ob|ectve of UHAPI s to enabe standard mddeware to run on audo/vdeo
streamng patforms va a hardware-ndependent ndustry standard API.
The Mes Sound System provded a mddeware software drver aowng
deveopers to bud software that worked wth a range of dherent sound
cards, wthout concernng themseves wth the detas of each card.
Rado-frequency dentcaton software tookts provde mddeware to ter
nosy and redundant raw data.
ILAND s a servce-based mddeware dedcated to rea-tme appcatons. It
ohers determnstc reconguraton support n bounded tme.
Teevson, meda and set-top-box software often refers to mddeware. For
nstance, OpenTV 5 mddeware (sometmes caed Connectware) s a Lnux
and HTML5 dstrbuton for set-top-box ncudng a defaut TV navgaton
gude and provdes open APIs to taored TV user experence that can
everage the home coud, broadcast vdeo and web servces for Pay-TV
operator