allow
= 2.037 MPa
allow
= 2.5
o
rad
a. T= Pd
= ( 1000N)(0.025m) = 25 Nm
b.
max
= 16T/ d
3
= (16)(25N.m)/ (0.025m)
3
= 8.1487 MPa
c. I
p
= d
4
/32
= (0.025m)
4
/32 = 38.3 nm
4
= TL/ GI
p
= (25Nm)(0.3075m)/(196x10^6 Pa)(38.3x10^-9m
4
) = 1.2
rad
d. T
1
= d
3
allow
/16
allow
= P/A =1,000N /[(/4) (0.025m)
2
] = 2.037 MPa
T
1
= (0.025m)
3
(2.037x10^6 Pa)/16 = 6.25 Nm
T
2
= GI
P
allow
/L
= [(196x10^9N/m
2
)(38.4x10^-9m
4
(2.5)( rad/180)] / 0.3075m = 1068 Nm
The maximum permissible torque is smaller of T
1
and T
2
.
T
1
=6.25 Nm
d = 0.025m
December 2003 Applications of Engineering Mechanics in Medicine, GED at University of Puerto Rico, Mayagez. 29
4. COMPRESSION: An open alumina mitral valve has an inner radius of 0.0508 m and outer radius of 0.0635 m. It is loaded by
a compression blood flow equal to 1,750 mm Hg. A) Determine the force to the valve sectional area. B) Find the maximum shear
stress on this mitral valve prosthesis. ***Hint: Use correct units.
P = 1,750mmHg
Free Body Diagram
Solution:
Presion = Force/Area Force = Area x Presion
Force = (1,750 mmHg) (.0635+. 0508)
2
Force =22.86 mm Hg-m
2
22.86 mm Hg (101.325KPa/ 760 mmHg) = 3.048 KPa
Maximum Shear Stress = (V*Q)/(I*b) = (4*P)/(3*) =
[4 (3.048 KPa)/ 3] * [(R2
2
+R2R1+R1
2
)/(R2
4
-R1
4
)]
12.192 [(0.0635
2
+ 0.1143 + 0.0508
2
)/ (0.0635
4
- 0.0508
4
)] =
Maximum stress = 1.47/9.6x10
-6
= 153.135 KPa
December 2003 Applications of Engineering Mechanics in Medicine, GED at University of Puerto Rico, Mayagez. 30
5. TENSION, COMPRESSION AND SHEAR: An artificial mitral valve has a carrier structure made of a titanium Ti6Al4V ring.
The ring has a diameter of 30 mm. This ring is formed into a round bar to be used in the lab for experiments with a tensile test
machine. The bar is stretched to a final length of 190 mm. Find the tensile load applied to the specimen and the dilatation.
Ti6Al4V Poissons Ratio = 0.33
Ti6Al4V Young Modulus = 120 GPa
Ti6Al4V Yield Stress = 950 MPa
Titanium ring:
1.5 mm
Solution:
a. Initial Length of Bar:
Circumference =2*pi*(30)
= 188.50 mm
b. Strain:
(L
f
L
i
) / L
i
= (190-188.5)/188.5
= 0.0079
c. Normal Stress= E*Strain
= (120*10^9)*(0.0079)
= 948*10^6 Pa
d. Hooks valid?
948*10^6 Pa is less than Yield Stress (950*10^6 Pa)
e. Tensile Load (P) = normal stress*Area
P = 948*10^6 Pa*(pi/4)*(0.0015)^2 = 1675.25 N (Tension)
f. Dilatation (e) = Strain/(1-2V)
= 0.0079*(1-2(0.33))
= 0.002686*100
= 0.2686 %