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Literature means writing valued as work of art. Literature is one of the bridge to make someone communicable with the society by his works. The focus of this study is the main character's conflict as seen in the novel of "caleb's story"
Literature means writing valued as work of art. Literature is one of the bridge to make someone communicable with the society by his works. The focus of this study is the main character's conflict as seen in the novel of "caleb's story"
Literature means writing valued as work of art. Literature is one of the bridge to make someone communicable with the society by his works. The focus of this study is the main character's conflict as seen in the novel of "caleb's story"
THE NOVEL OF CALEBS STORY NOVEL BY PATRI CI A MACLACHLAN Lecturer : Isni Rosiati, S. S., M. Pd. Group sevens name : 1. Ima Nur Kholisoh 2. Masruah 3. Meiva Hayatika 4. M. Nur Muadzin 5. Susi Agustina Class : III-B ENGLISH DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGE AND ART EDUCATION IKIP PGRI BOJONEGORO ACADEMIC YEAR 2013/ 2014 2 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgroud of The Study Literature means writing valued as work of art. Taylor (1981:81) states: Literature, like other arts, is essentially an imaginative act of the writers imagination in selecting, ordering, and interpreting life experience. Literature is also based on the life experience. It also gives us explanation that literature cannot be separated from life. It can be concluded that literature is one of the bridges to make someone communicable with the society about lifes condition by his works. Diyanni states (2001:7) that there are three major types of literary work such as: poetry, drama, and fiction. Meanwhile fiction can also be divided into the novel, novelette, and short story. Literary work is fundamentally developed by two elements, such as intrinsic and extrinsic elements. The function of intrinsic element is to build up the literary creation itself such as theme, plot, setting, character, conflict, point of view, etc. Kenney (1966:19) states: the conflicts with which fiction concern itself are of many kinds. A story may deal with a conflict within a single man, a conflict between man and society, between man andnature, and so on. With reference to what Kenney says about the conflict above, it was found that conflict referred to a person which dealt with life situation. It is only situation that offers a conflict. The focus of this study is the main characters conflict as seen in the novel of Calebs Story. The conflict is about how the main character faces his conflict; his conflict with hiself, his conflict with another individual and also his conflict with society. It is conflict that makes a story full with intense. How it is started, faced, and solve it for better solution in order to get wisdom forgiveness living. Based on the information above the writer interested on the conflict society. Because after reading and understanding the whole story in a novel, the writer found some problems that happened with the surrounding eviroment. Social conflict is is conflict between the characters against another characters (Kenny,1996:32). The characters have conflict in his social life, especially with another characters. It is the struggle between opposing forces in the story and the writer wants to know the problem or the conflict in the novel. So the writer analize the novel especially entitle An Analisis On Social Conflict As seen In The Novel Of Calebs Story. 3 1.2 Statements of The Problems Based on the background of the study, the problem can be formulated as below : 1. Whois the main characters of the Calebs story? 2. Where is the story begin? 3. What is the plot? 4. What conflicta are faced and solved by the main character? 1.3 The Purposesof The Study Based on the statements of the problems, the purposes of this study are as follows : 1. To know the main character of the Calebs story. 2. To know the story begin and also the end of the story. 3. To know the meaning, the structure of plot, and also the plot of the story. 4. To analyze the main conflict and evetually the character solved the conflict. 1.4 The Limitation of The Study To focus the problems, this study is limited to : 1. The main conflict which faced by the main character. 2. How the main character solves his conflict. 4 CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1 Definition of Plot Stanton (1965: 14), suggested the plot is a story that contains the sequence of events, but each incident is only connected in cause and effect, an event which caused or led to the occurrence of other events. Kenny (1966: 14), promoted to the plot as the events shown in the story is not simple, because the author set the events based on the relation of cause and effect. Plot is the serial arrangement of incidents, ideas or events. In literature, the plot encompasses all the incidents and provides aesthetic pleasure. The story of the novel progresses through various plots and conflicts. According to Forster, plot is events in story that has pressure to causal relationship (1970: 93). According to Stanton (1965: 14) is story that contents sequence event but every event connected by causal relationship, one event cause or caused to the other events. Plot may be defined as a storys sequence of incidents, arranged in dramatic order. One is tempted to insert the word chronological. But doing so would exclude many stories that depart from this strict ordering of events. 2.2 The Types of Plot The types of plot are divided by two plots, here are : 1. Open plot Open plot is one of those thing where the author never gives a definite ending, and is very vague about what happens. You can use your idea for what happens to the characters. The main sequence of events in a play, novel, or film that is unrestricted. Or open plot is the ends of story has stimulated the readers for develops a slot of the story. 2. Closed plot Closed plot is a restricted sequence of events in a play, novel, of film. In the closed plot, the ends of the story has not stimulated the readers for develops a slot of the story. The ending of the closed plot can happy or sad ending. 2.3 The Structure of Plot The structure of the plot can divided into five structures, here are : 1. Exposition Exposition introduces the characters, the setting and provides historical background. 2. Suspense 5 Suspense introduces the initial conflict in the story. 3. Conflict Conflict, which is actually quite important events (so, it will be functional events, major, or kernel), is an essential element in the development of the plot. Conflict is something that dramatic, referring to the struggle between two forces are balanced and imply action and retaliation (Wellek & Warren, 1989:285). Conflict introduces a series of events, each of which causes the one that follows and each of which intensifies the conflict. 4. Climax Conflicts and the climax is of paramount importance in the structure of the plot, both of which are the main elements of plot in fict ion. Climax by Stanton (1965: 16), is when the conflict has reached the highest level itensitas, and when (it) is something that is inevitable happened. Climax is the most intense event in the story (the problems become complicated). 5. Denoument (falling action) Denoument is the resolution of the conflict and leads toward a stable situation. It is the end of a story and ends with either a happy or a tragic ending. 2.4 The kinds of Conflict Conflict is the essence of fiction. It creates plot. The conflicts we encounter canusually be identified as one of four kinds. 1. Man Versus Man Conflict that pits one person against another. 2. Man Versus Nature A run-in with the forces of nature. On the one hand, it expresses the insignificance of a single human life in the cosmic scheme of things. On the other hand, it tests the limits of a persons strength and will to live. 3. Man Versus Society The values and customs by which everyone else lives are being challenged. The haracter may come to an untimely end as a result of his or her own convictions. The character may, on the other hand, bring others around to a sympathetic point of view, or it may be decided that society was right after all. 4. Man Versus Self Internal conflict. Not all conflict involves other people. Sometimes people are their own worst enemies. An internal conflict is a good test of a characters values. Does he give in to temptation or rise above it? Does he demand the most from himself or settle for something less? Does he even bother to struggle? The internal conflicts of a character and how they are resolved are good clues to the characters inner strength. Often, more than one kind of conflict is taking place at the same time. In every case, however, the existence of conflict enhances the readers understanding of a character and creates the suspense and interest that make you want to continue reading. 6 2.5 Background of The Author Born in 1945 in Cheyenne, Wyoming, Patricia MacLachlan grew up as an only child whose parents encouraged her interest in reading and writing. Because MacLachlan was an only child, shelack of siblings was offset by a strong relationship with her parents and an active imagination. MacLachlan's parents were teachers and they encouraged her to read; her mother urged her to "read a book and find out who you are," the author related in Horn Book. She did read voraciously, sometimes discussing and acting out scenes in books with her parents. MacLachlan graduated from the University of Connecticut and in 1962 married Robert MacLachlan, with whom she has two sons and a daughter. The family lives in Leeds, Massachusetts. It wasn't until she was 35 years old that she began writing - something she realized she'd always wanted to do. Yet even then, writing still felt scary for her. She began with a picture book: The Sick Day (1979). During the 1980s, MacLachlan has enjoyed much success as a writer. She has written more than 20 books for children and five screenplays for adults as well as children.Her first novel, Arthur, for the Very First Time, won the Golden Kite Award from the Society of Children's Book Writers in 1980. Unclaimed Treasures was a 1984 Boston Globe-Horn Book Award honor book, and in 1986, she has won the Newbery Medal for Sarah, Plain and Tall, the Christopher Award, The Scott O'Dell Award for Historical Fiction, and many American Library Association Notable Books. In 2003 she was awarded the National Humanities Medal for her body of work at the White House in Washington, D.C. She was also an Emmy nominee for the screenplay of Sarah, Plain and Tall, produced by Glenn Close and Hallmark Hall of Fame. She has three children, J ohn in Kigoma, Tanzania, J amison in Boston, Mass , and Emily in Stow, Mass., as well as two grandchildren. Her newest books are Fiona Loves the Night, written with her daughter, Emily, and a novel, Edward's Eyes. She lives in Williamsburg with her husband, Robert, a psychologist, and two dogs. 2.6 Summary of The Story There was a family that consisted of four members of that family. There were J acob, Sarah, Anna, Caleb, and Cassie. J acob and Sarah were parents in that family, meanwhile Anna was an older sister, J acob was older brother, and Cassie was a younger sister. The beginning of the story when Caleb and Cassie played hide and seek in the barn. Cassie saw a man in the barn, but no one could believe her. At that moment, there was Anna who was tied up her letters for her boyfriend in Europe. Anna wanted caleb to write her journal about the farm because she got something terrible. Anna was working for Sam who was a doctor in the town. And Sam was Annas boyfriend father. There, Caleb would to write about the winter because snow fell heavier. He had done to write about winter moreover he should go to the barn. After he went home, he did not forget to close the barn door. But, his Sarah said that the door of 7 barn did not open yet. Caleb felt amazed, and he put on his coat and went out the barn to close the door, but he saw an older man with gray hair and he was wrapped in a green blanket. Then, Caleb called sarah to come to the barn. Sarah asked him, but he did not answer at all. Suddenly, Cassie came to us and said that what did she see was rigth that there was a man in the barn. The name of the older man was J ohn. After J ohn met J acob, all of the members of family knew that J ohn was their family also, that was Calebs granfather. But, J acob did not want to met him again because J ohn did a fault. J ohn leaved him for long time ago and he promised that he would send letters for J acob, but there were not letters which were sent by him. J acob presume that he passed away. J acob did not want to forgive him and one day, J acob and J ohn were talking each other. They pushed each other and suddenly J acobs leg broke. All of them felt worried. J ohn helped him. J ohn was getting a disease, he drank some pills. J ohn told about his mistake about the letters for his father. He told that he could not write a letter because he could not read. After it, Caleb teach him to write and read. Sarah got an accident, J ohn found her that covered with the snow. After that accident, J acob wanted to talk with J ohn, and J ohn and Caleb told the reason why J ohn did not send him letters. About it, J acob forgave J ohn as the father. And that family lived happy ever after. 8 CHAPTER III DISCUSSION 3.1 Setting of The Story 1. Time The time of the story is anytime, because this Calebs story had many times in each events. a. That afternoon something happened. b. The morning was bright and clear when I woke, no snow or wind. 2. Place The story was took place in many places, so the place in the story is everywhere that are : a. I could hear Cassie laughing, but I couldnt see her. I walked into the barn. b. there was a small sound by the kitchen door. c. There were not many people in town, only a few wagons and some cars. 3.2 The Main Character of The Story The main character of Calebs story is Caleb, he was kind, sympathetic, and diligent. 1. Kind Caleb taught his grandfather to read and write because his grandfather wanted to send letter for his son, J acob. 2. Sympathetic Caleb always checks his grandfather condition in the barn, he felt worried about his grandfathers condition. 3. Diligent After Anna gave her journal for Caleb and she wanted Caleb to write about the farm, Caleb always tries to write well. 3.3 The Plot of The Story The plot of the story can define in five structures, here are : 1. Exposition Come find me, Caleb! Called my little sister, Cassie. In the exposition, the characters of the story is introduce. Calebs family was introduce in the first part in the novel. 2. Suspense I heard a sound behind me and whirled around. There, slumped against the wall, was an older man, with gray hair. 9 In the suspense, the initial conflict in the story was explained. Caleb met an older man with gray hair in the barn. 3. Conflict Suddenly, Papa stepped backward as if he had been hit. He put Cassie down. Papa stared at J ohn. In the conflict, J ohn and J acob met, J acob insaned that J ohn was his father whom lost and passed away. He did not want to meet J ohn because J ohnleaved him for long time when he was a child. J ohn promised that he would send J acob letter, but in the fact, he did not send letter for J acob. 4. Climax In the climax, the event starts from J ohn got a disease and then when sarah covered with snow, J ohn helped her to dig the snow. From it, J acob and J ohn met to solve their problem, in that time J acob got angry. But, there was Caleb who became the solver that explained the reason why J ohn did not send J acob letter. 5. Denoument In the denoument, the ending of the Calebs story is happy ending, because the conflict of the story solved. And J acob could accept his father in his life. 3.4 Conflicts in Calebs Story The conflicts in the Calebs Story are divided into seven forms, here are : 1. Caleb Against His Grandfather, J ohn At the first time J acob came to Calebs house, he suspected to jacob that J acob was a robber. He didnt like him very much. Then untill he know that J acob was his grandfather he began to simpathetic to J acob because of J acobs laws. He couldnt write and read. At the cllimax of the story jacob and john got confilcts. But it was solved with Sarah as mediator included Caleb who teach granfather to write and read. 2. Caleb Against His Father, J acob J ohn was a responsible person to the family, even he is stubborn. Caleb was nervous to his father, bacause since his wife had passed away for long time ago, he was sad all the time. Untill sarah came and made his time more beautifull. 3. Caleb Against Himself Caleb didnt like writing. He had never written before. But he got a job from his older sister to write as long as Ana, his older sister went far away. He was confused when he started his writing, because there was no anything to write about. But he must write. 4. Caleb Against His Stepmother, Sarah Calebs mother was died for a long time ago. So his father tried to look for a wife again. Then he put on the newspaper an advertisementu about himself. That was Sarah who interested to became his wife. Sarah was very kind woman. Calebs 10 father, Ana, and includes Caleb himself afraid if Sarah wouldnt stay with them, because she loved Moonway very much. 5. Caleb Against His Elder Sister, Anna Anna asked caleb to write about everything around him. But Caleb tried to refuse it, because he couldnt write like her. But Anna forced him for writing. She told that it was important. 6. Caleb Against His Little Sister, Casey Casey is a child whith many questions. Sometimes he was annoying. As the older brother was in home, Caleb should kept her little sister when their parents left them in home alone. Here, he should face Caseylonely that always made him tired. 7. Caleb Against His Family Caleb is kind, sympathetic, and diligent boy. His family felt happy because they had a boy like him. He always helps every members of his family. 11 CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION The conclusion is explained about the main characters conflict as seen in the novel of Calebs Story. The purpose of this study are to know the main character of the Calebs story, to know the story begin and also the end of the story, to know the meaning, the structure of plot, and also the plot of the story, to analyze the main conflict and evetually the character solved the conflict. Plot is the serial arrangement of incidents, ideas or events. There are two types of plot, they are open plot and closed plot. Besides that, plot has some structures, they are exposition, suspense, conflict, climax, and denoument (falling ending). In this study, writers only discuss about the main characters conflict. So, there four kinds of conflict, they are man versus man, man versus nature, man versus society, and man versus self. The main character of Calebs story that is Caleb could solve the conflict between his father J acob and his grandfather J ohn by his explaining the reason about the misapprehension about them. It is evidenced by taught Calebs grandfather to read and write. And when J ohn and J acob met, J ohn could write I love you for J acob, based on it, J acob forgave his father about his mistake. So, the conflict of the Calebs story can solve by the main character, he is Caleb. 12 REFERENCES http://www.jacketflap.com/patricia-maclachlan/121421accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://www.barnesandnoble.com/w/calebs-story-patricia- maclachlan/1100488575?ean=9780064405904accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://www.harpercollins.com/9780064405904/calebs-story accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-sarah-plain-and-tall/abouttheauthor.html accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://wiki.wyomingauthors.org/w/page/12627296/Patricia%20MacLachlan accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://bugsandbunnies.blogspot.com/2011/08/author-spotlight-patricia- maclachlan.html accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014 http://biography.jrank.org/pages/2148/MacLachlan-Patricia-1938.html accessed on 3 rd J uly 2014