Environment consists of all living and non living things which surround us.

Therefore the basic

components of the environment are:
1. Atmosphere or the air
2. Hydrosphere or the water
3. Lithosphere or the rocks and soil
4. The biosphere
Environment influence and shaped our life. It is from the environment that we get food to eat, water
to drink, air to breathe and all necessities of day to day life are available from our environment. Thus
it is the life support system. Hence the scope & importance of the environment can be well
understood.
The basic concepts of environmental studies are interesting and important too not only to the
scientist's engaged in various fields of science and technology but also to the personnel involved in
resource planning and material management. It is now universally realised that any future
developmental activities have to be viewed in the light of its ultimate environmental impact.
The tremendous increase in industrial activity during the last few decades and the release of
obnoxious industrial wastes in to the environment, have been considerable concern in recent years
from the point of view of the environmental pollution.
Environmental pollution on one hand and deforestation, soil erosion, population explosion, global
warming inference in ecosystem and biosphere on the other are threatening the very existence of life
on the earth.
According to ManTech 1970 environmental science attempts to solve the major environmental
problems with the help of interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches i.e., the entire
knowledge of all the disciplines of science such as Math's, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Geology,
Geography, Computer Science, Medical Science and Biotechnology, as well as of social sciences such
as Economics Sociology and Psychology. Because, Multidisciplinary Nature of Environmental
Studies. Some Major Problems/Issues to be addressed in Environmental Science Biodiversity
Conservation. Resource Recovery, Waste Disposal and Treatment.
Air, Water, Soil, Noise and Marine Pollution Environmental Ethics and Awareness Global Climate
Change and Water Scarcity <- Computer Simulation and Analysis. Population Explosion,
Urbanisation, Land use -4- Human Resource and Sustainable Development. Energy Crisis and Non-
conventional Sources.
Globalisation and World Trade -4- Global Environmental Problems -4- Modeling and Management
of Resources Power Generation, Dams and Techno sphere -4-Disease, Drug Abuse and AIDS. Toxic
Chemicals, Pesticides and Radioactivity -4- Resource Depletion, Deforestation Specific Problems of
Various Habitats -4- (e.g. Problems of Aquaculture)Perturbations of Biogeochemical Cycles -4-Major
Thrust Areas/Contributions made by Disciplines of Physics, Chemistry, Geology, Geography.
Medical Science Ecophysiology and Ecotoxicology Ecology/Environmental Biology Life
Science/Bioscience/Biology Microbiology and Biotechnology. Ethics, Behavioral Science and
Literature. Computer Science and Information Technology Social Sciences. Management Science and
Environmental Law.
Mathematics Engineering. Atmospheric, Ocean and Space Science. Meteorology and
Telecommunication environmental science is a subject which draws heavily from environmental
biology, but depends more on transdisciplinary approach. Since, ecology, environmental biology and
environmental science cannot be defined without reference to environment; they show too much
overlapping which is inevitable and unavoidable.
Environment is responsible for creating conditions suitable for the existence of a healthy biosphere
on this planet. The load of pollutant discharged is also diluted and chemically modified. It regulates
the temperature on earth where life activities are possible. Harmful ultraviolet radiations are
absorbed in the stratosphere by the vital ozone layer.
These rays can severely damage the terrestrial life. The atmosphere of our environment is a quick
and effective media for transfer, transport and dissemination of gaseous wastes.
There are some natural and spontaneous process in our environments, by which we get plentiful
supply of clean, air, fresh water and fertile soils, which rerate endlessly by biogeochemical cycles.
Our planet which is rich in biodiversity have millions of species including beautiful, intriguing,
towering trees and other coral nets where all types of animals live together.
All animals depend on plants for their food & plants on animals. Insects, bacteria, virus and other
organisms are one hand harmful somewhere but very helpful on the other. For example, pollination,
regeneration etc. are some examples.
Since life is dependable upon the environment, its absence causes many adverse and harmful effects.
Many countries are facing the problems of environmental pollutions. Without sustainable
environment and natural resources, one cannot survive.
Over-exploitation of natural resources and pollution of environment are corroding the vital life
support systems on which all life depends.
Air, water, soil, noise, marine pollutions, food adulterations, decreasing agricultural land, extinction
of various plants of mammals global warming etc. are some factors which are making our life more
and more difficult. The future of entire humanity is at stake.
Instead of these some environmental problems are also there like, solid waste management mining
impact, impacts of hydro-electric projects effects of nuclear hazards and effects of industrial
effluents. These problems should also have some solutions, because their effects are very dangerous.
Therefore, environmental aspect should be in mind while planning for industries, township and
other research institutions/health centers. Modern technologies should be developed to reduce the
pollution at every step.
Modern technologies for effluent treatment and cleaning/washing should be used. Environmental
studies is very important for getting clean drinking water, hygienic living conditions, clean and fresh
air, fertile land, healthy food etc.
Modern age is the age of science. We have conquered nature. Attention was paid to available and new
resources because of explosion of population and explosion of knowledge. The explosion of
population has a direct effect on our ways of living. India is a vast country having a population of
about 88 crores.
The estimate is that by the beginning of 21st century the population will touch 100 crores. In India
explosion of population has given birth to various problems pertaining to environment. Our
population depends upon the natural resources to meet their basic needs, particularly of fuel, fodder
and housing material.
It has led to deterioration in the quality of life. Man has cut off forests to satisfy his endless hunger
and adopted artificial means of irrigation. The fertility of soil is decreasing day-by-day. As a result of
increasing pressure of population land is becoming limited.
Cultivable land is decreasing due to increasing population, industrialization and urbanization.
Increase in population leads to pollution of air and water and spread germs of many diseases. Apart
from this, industrialization has given birth to noise and smoke.
It increases slum dwellings. It compels a large number of people to live in dirty surrounding having
dirty lanes permeating bad smell. The smoke emitted by cars, motors and scooters pollutes the
atmosphere.
Increase in pollution has given birth to several diseases such as tuberculosis, deafness, heart attack
and high blood pressure etc. The carbide gas factory at Bhopal made thousands of people blind.
Pollution also creates mental diseases.
The tendency of urbanization also contributes to this problem at a rapid rate. The rural population
started moving towards the cities and the cities went on expanding. Due to the housing problem the
life of big cities became more complex.
According to the Report given by United Nations, 22350 lakhs acres of land has become sterile
because of soil erosion and selfishness. 2/3 jungles of the world have been cut down.
200 kinds of animals and birds have become extinct because of human carelessness. This tendency
continues in all areas. If attention is not paid to this side the future of man will become dark
These days man is moving towards the planet whereas humanity is moving towards the jungle.
Insecurity, restlessness and disorder prevail in the society because human beings have been
intellectually polluted.
If environmental education is given to future citizens in the present day schools by formal and
informal methods, humanity can get rid of this danger.
We find around us air pollution, water pollution, noise pollution, nuclear pollution, ecological
imbalance and increase in heat and radiation. Today's environment is not pure and natural due to
these pollutions.
I. For checking pollution, more and more parks should be created in order to make the environment
healthy and clean.
II. Factories should find place at long distance from the dwellings.
III. Rivers are to be protected from dirty water and filth.
IV. Vehicles are to be checked from emitting smoke.
V. They should be fitted with silencers to reduce noise.
VI. Drinking water should be drawn from greater depth and put in clean and well covered pots.
VII. Vanamahotsava programme should be a continuous process.
VIII. Ways and means are to be adopted to check soil erosion.
IX. Special cleanliness drives should be undertaken at regular intervals in the cities.
X. Milk dairies are to be established at the outskirt of the city.
XI. No factory should be allowed to work in andaround the localities.
XII. There is needed to take steps to prevent the spread of various diseases. In this, family planning
should form an integral part of the whole scheme.


Short Essay on the Importance of Clean
Environment
Of late, environment has received a lot of attention. Not only intellectuals but even the ordinary men
and women are becoming aware of the need to have a clean environment.
As a result, what is detrimental to environment is opposed today. Hundreds of developmental
projects which are blind to environmental concerns are objected by the general public. Save
Narmada Agitation that is currently going on in western India is a shining example in this respect.
In its simplest connotation, the term environment means the surrounding habitat of man. In its
widest sense, it refers to the entire earth with its green forests, vast oceans, the layers of air and
oxygen, etc. In its narrowest meaning, environment means the immediate surroundings of man his
home, work place, market, neighbourhood, etc. It also includes the atmosphere in which he lives.
The importance of good and clean environment cannot be described adequately. According to many
scientists, the factor which influences the growth of individuals most is environment. But
unfortunately, the various elements of environment such as, air, water, land, etc., are polluted and
contaminated.
Urbanisation, industrialisation and overcrowded living have primarily been responsible for this
menace. Pollution is also caused by vehicles, supersonic jets, smoke-producing factories, radio-
active elements, etc. The careless dumping of solid wastes by households, factories, markets,
commercial centres, etc., in the open places, streets and in the rivers have further aggravated the
problem.
The polluted environment is a health hazard and causes several diseases and ailments. It ruins our
chances of survival. Hence, an all-out attempt must be made to have a clean environment. This
requires several corrective and preventive measures. One of the best ways to have a clean
environment is to plant more trees.
Human beings, factories and vehicles pollute the air with carbon dioxide, monoxide and poisonous
gases. But the oxygen which the trees give out lessens their harmful effect. Secondly, pollution
caused by the dumping of wastes in streets, rivers, living places must be stopped at all cost.
This calls for individual and community efforts. The recent Supreme Court order in India, to close
down those factories which dump their wastes in the Ganges, is indeed a right step in the right
direction.
Thus, on the whole, people are becoming aware of the vital need to have a good and clean
environment. The awakening of the general masses in this respect is a welcome sign and would
make our world a better place to live in.


there are many points......of which 5 points are...

it is the main reason why we,flora and fauna are able to suive on the earth.

it reflects the harmfull ultra violet rays and protects you from getting skin diseases.

it play an important role in providing the basic needs for the flora and fauna.

it is like the mother of all of us.

it gives us place to live ,food to eat,water to drink,etc etc etc

environment is a friendly home

it will also help you to cure some medical diseases by providing the natural medical plants........like neem
,
thulasi
etc etc

bye


it supports the life systems
it provides raw material for food, shelter and clothing teh three basic necessities of life
it keeps water and air pure by recycling and cleansing functions
it is a zero waste system where everything is recycled or consumed by others
it has immense aesthetic value which keeps thestress levels down


1.1 Definition, Scope and importance of Environmental Studies
Environmental Studies is a multidisciplinary subject. It employs subjects like chemistry, physics,
botany, zoology, physiology, geography, geology, geophysics, and metrology to describe the biological
and physical nature of our environment. In order to understand how people function separately and
also in a group, Environmental Studies involves an understanding of philosophy, ethics, psychology,
anthropology, demography, archaeology, economics and political science. Laid against an ecological
format, the information gleaned through the study of all these varied disciplines gives us a holistic
view of the environment for sustaining life on earth on an infinite time scale.
The unlimited exploitation of nature (environment) by mankind for the sake of development has
threatened the survival of not just human beings but also all other living organisms. The number of
living species has decreased, a large number are threatened, and many are even extinct. Human
beings too, are suffering from various health problems. Today India is one of the top 10 industrialized
countries in the world and the ever-increasing pollution levels in its environment are affecting all living
organisms. People around the world are enjoying economic growth at the cost of quality of human
life. So the need of the hour is to save our environment by following a suitable developmental policy.
This necessitates the knowledge of our environment, its components and the different issues affecting
the environment.
Education for environmental awareness is required not only for environmental scientists, engineers,
policymakers or NGOs, but also for every one of us. Only environmental study can make us conscious
and careful about the environment. Environmental education is aimed at developing environmental
ethics in people. It teaches them the importance of conservation of life and biodiversity of the
environment.Environmental study also teaches people to understand their role in the environment
and learn to live with limited natural resources so as to avoid future disasters. The casual attitude of
human beings towards the environment and its conservation is the root cause of all environmental
problems.
Therefore, proper education and public awareness are necessary to tackle environmental problems.
Towards this end, environmental studies will provide sufficient knowledge about the philosophy,
genesis and consequences of local and global environmental problems and the necessary knowledge
for their abatement and control. Thus, for a sustainable environment and for the survival of the
present and future generations, environmental education is necessary.