PROJECT ABSTRACT

PROJECT TITLE: RFID-Based Security System

ABSTRACT:

A radio-frequency identification (RFID) based access-control system allows only
authorized persons to enter a particular specified area. The authorized persons
are provided with unique tags, using which they can access the specified area.
The system is based on micro controller Arduino and comprises an RFID module,
a servo motor relay for opening and closing the door. Fig.1 shows a user trying to
open the door by placing an RFID tag near the RFID reader.












Fig.1: A user is trying to open the door by
placing an RFID tag near the RFID reader

Fig.2 shows a typical RFID system.in every RFID system the transponder Tags
contain in formation. This information can be as little as a single binary bit, or be
a large array of bits representing such things as an identity code, personal
medical information, or literally any type of information that can be stored in
digital binary format.















Fig.2: A typical RFID system

The RFID transceiver communicates with a passive tag. Passive tags have no
power source of their own and instead derive power from the incident
electromagnetic field. Commonly, at the heart of each tag is a microchip. When
the tag enters the generated RF field, it is able to draw enough power from the
field to access its internal memory and transmit its stored information. When the
transponder tag draws power in this way, the resultant interaction of the RF fields
causes the voltage at the transceiver antenna to drop in value. This effect is
utilized by the tag to communicate its information to the reader. The tag is able
to control the amount of power drawn from the field and by doing so it can
modulate the voltage sensed at the transceiver according to the bit pattern it
wishes to transmit.

TOOLS & TECHNOLOGIES USED:

Hardware Used:
Microcontroller: Arduino Uno (ATmega328).
RFID Module: MFRC522.
Language Used: C or C++.
Motor Used: Servo HXT500.


DESCRIPTION:

Main concept behind Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) based Security system
is to allow the access only to authorized persons. RFID card has to be shown in
front of the RFID reader then the access is allowed or denied to the respective
person/RFID card.
When an authorized person having the tag enters the RF field generated by the
RFID reader, Radio frequency signal is generated by the RFID reader,
simultaneously it transmits energy to the tag and retrieves data from the tag.
Then the RFID reader communicates through RXD and TXD pins of the
microcontroller for further processing.
Thus on identifying the authorized person, Processor energizes the servomotor to
open the door for the person. Simultaneously, the LED blinks Green indicating
person is authorized.
If the person is unauthorized, the LED blinks Red and the door doesnt open.
Indicating person in unauthorized.
CONCLUSION:

Therefore a new Portable system for providing RFID authentication based on
Arduino ATmega328 was proposed and implemented.