FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA TRASTORNOS NEUROPSIQUITRICOS EN PACIENTES

CON ESCLEROSIS MLTIPLE Y EFECTO EN LA CALIDAD DE VIDA.

Departamento !e Ne"ro#o$%a & P'("'atr%a) *ernar!o Sep+#,e!a G"t'-rre..
/op'ta# !e Epe0'a#'!a!e Centro M-!'0o Na0'ona# S'$#o 11I.
ANTECEDENTES
Los pacientes con esclerosis mltiple (EM) tienen prevalencias elevadas de trastornos mentales.
Se han calculado prevalencias del 36 al 54% de depresin maor(!au"et et al. #$$#)(%ndreassen et al.
#$&4)('arta et al. #$&4)(!erneiser et al. #$&4)( &3% de trastorno "ipolar ('arta et al. #$&4)( 35.)% de
trastornos de ansiedad(!au"et et al. #$$#)( ##% de trastornos de a*uste(!au"et et al. #$$#)( # a 3 % de
psicosis(!au"et et al. #$$#)( # veces la prevalencia de conducta suicida (+ompili et al. #$&#) de la
po"lacin ,eneral de 6.5 a 46.#% de a-ecto pseudo"ul"ar (Moore et al. &..)). En la po"lacin de
pacientes /ue acuden a tercer nivel( se desconoce la prevalencia de estos trastornos el impacto /ue
tienen so"re la calidad de vida de los pacientes.
/IP2TESIS
La prevalencia de trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos en los pacientes con EM de la consulta e1terna
de neurolo,2a es maor al 36% se relaciona con menores niveles de calidad de vida.
La proporcin de pacientes identi-icados en tratamiento es menor al 33%.
La locali3acin e1tensin de las lesiones( ,rado de discapacidad( se1o( antecedentes
heredo-amiliares ,rado de apoo social son -actores de ries,o para las alteraciones
neuropsi/ui0tricas.
O*3ETIVOS
&.
#.'onocer la prevalencia de trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos en pacientes e1ternos con esclerosis mltiple.
3.4eterminar /u5 impacto tienen los trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos so"re la calidad de vida.
4.6denti-icar /u5 proporcin de pacientes con trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos han sido identi-icados
est0n reci"iendo mane*o.
5.6denti-icar /u5 -actores de ries,o est0n asociados a los trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos a la ideacin
suicida.
6.7elacionar la locali3acin de las lesiones con el tipo de mani-estaciones neuropsi/ui0tricas
MATERIAL Y M4TODOS
4ise8o transversal comparativo para calcular prevalencias de los trastornos neuropsi/ui0tricos
los -actores de ries,o asociados (97( 6' .5%). +acientes: Se estudiar0 a los 35$ pacientes de la
consulta e1terna de neurolo,2a del ;ospital de Especialidades. 6<S=7>ME<=9S: Se aplicar0n el
M6<6( !46( ?MM3( S@A36( '<SALS( '6EM ('lasi-icacin ima,enol,ica de la EM). %n0lisis
estad2stico: '0lculo de la proporcin de pacientes /ue reci"en tratamiento (%)( -actores de ries,o
asociados (97( 6' .5%) a las di-erentes mani-estaciones neuropsi/ui0tricas.
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Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Febr!ar*" doi0%$"%$%B;C"msard"#$%&"$#"$$%"
http0;;linkingh!b"else3ier"com;retrie3e;pii;S##%%$9&:%&$$$$<%"
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#$%&" 'The 6isk o4 .ipolar /isorders in M!ltiple Sclerosis"8 Journal of Afective Disorders %==
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Amore, and )aolo (irardi" #$%#" 'S!icide 6isk in M!ltiple Sclerosis A S*stematic 6e3ie+ o4 ?!rrent
7iterat!re"8 Journal of Psychoso!atic Research H9 EBF0 &%%G%H" doi0%$"%$%B;C"Cps*chores"#$%#"$<"$%%"