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CN includes a series of physical entities to realize user location management, network function and service control. CS domain change: control is separated from bearer, the function of MSC can be fulfilled by MSC SERVER and MGW. CN can be divided into three types: Home network Domain, Transit network domain and Transit network Domain.
CN includes a series of physical entities to realize user location management, network function and service control. CS domain change: control is separated from bearer, the function of MSC can be fulfilled by MSC SERVER and MGW. CN can be divided into three types: Home network Domain, Transit network domain and Transit network Domain.
CN includes a series of physical entities to realize user location management, network function and service control. CS domain change: control is separated from bearer, the function of MSC can be fulfilled by MSC SERVER and MGW. CN can be divided into three types: Home network Domain, Transit network domain and Transit network Domain.
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2 Chapter1 Core Network Evolution Chapter2 R99 Core Network Chapter3 R4 Core Network Chapter4 R5 Core Network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 3 Definition of Core Network CN includes a series of physical entities to realize user location management, network function and service control, such as (G)MSC, HLR, SCP, SMC,GSN etc. CN can be divided into three types: Home Network Domain, Transit Network Domain and Transit Network Domain. Ref. is 3GPP 23.101. User Equipment Domain Access Network Domain Core Network Domain Infrastructure Domain Cu Mobile Equipment Domain USIM Domain Home Network Domain
Transit Network Domain
Uu Iu [ Zu] [ Yu] Serving Network Domain
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 4 Release Evolution of WCDMA R4 R5 R99 Inherit all the services and functions of 2G ( GSM and GPRS ) CN is composed of CS domain and PS domain Adopt WCDMA UTRAN Iu interface between RAN and CN is based on ATM Inherit all the services and functions of R99 CS domain change: control is separated from bearer, the function of MSC can be fulfilled by MSC SERVER and MGW. Packet voice supported by CS domain, supporting ATM, IP, TDM bearer Inherit all the services and functions of R4 IM domain is adopted RAN evolved to IP Enhanced IP QoS ability , supporting end to end IP multimedia service 2000 2001 2002 function frozen time HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 5 Questions What functions can CN provide? What is the WCDMA first version? How about the features? Which domain in WCDMA R4 can implement the function of control separated from bearer? HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 6 Chapter1 Core Network Evolution Chapter2 R99 Core Network Chapter3 R4 Core Network Chapter4 R5 Core Network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 7 R99 Network Architecture BSS BSC RNS RNC CN Node B Node B A IuPS Iur Iub MS Uu MSC SGSN Gs GGSN GMSC Gn HLR Gr Gc C D E AuC H EIR F Gf Gi PSTN IuCS Gb VLR B Gp VLR G BTS BTS Um RNC Abis MSC B PSTN cell PCU UE HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 8 R99 Network Architecture GSM /GPRS BSS BTS BSC NodeB RNC PCU UTRAN
SCP SMS SCE PSTN ISDN Internet, Intranet MSC/VLR GMSC HLR/AUC SGSN CG BG GGSN GPRS/ Other PLMN SS7 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 9 R99 Core NetworkFeatures and Technologies Core Network is split into CS domain and PS domain. CS domain is based on original GSM network. PS domain is based on original GPRS network. CS domain: used to provide Circuit-switched service. Network mode can support TDM, ATM and IP. Physical entities include switching equipment (such as MSC/VLR, GMSCs), and inter- working equipment (IWF). PS domain: used to provide Packet-switched service. Network mode is IP. Physical entities include SGSN, GGSN, CG , BG etc. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 10 R99 Core networkFunction Entity(1) Function entity shared by CS domain and PS : HLR: to realize mobile subscriber management and location information management ; VLR: to deal with all kinds of data information of current mobile subscriber ; AUC: to store authentication information of mobile subscriber ; EIR: to store IMEI data of mobile subscriber; SMS: Short Message Center. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 11 R99 Core networkFunction Entity(2) Function entity of CS domain: MSC: to realize switching and signaling control function of circuit service. GMSC: to realize addressing function for different network. GMSC and MSC can be integrated together or separated independently. IWF: integrated together with MSC, to realize inter-working with PLMN and ISDN, PSTN , PDN (Mainly complete signaling transfer function), its functions can be defined based on specified services and network types. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 12 R99 Core NetworkFunction Entity(3) Function entity of PS domain: SGSN: to realize packet switching function, signaling control function and route function of packet service. GGSN: to realize inter-working with PS domain and external data network. CG: to realize billing function of packet service. BG: to realize inter-working of two GPRS network and guarantee the security of network. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 13 R99 Core NetworkInterface(1) Interface between CN and RAN/BSS: A Interface: to realize mobile station management, base station management, mobility management and call processing, etc. Gb interface: to realize packet data transmit and mobility management. Iu-CS interface: to realize RNS management, mobility management and call control function. Iu-PS interface: its basic function is similar to Iu-CS interface. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 14 R99 Core NetworkInterface(2) CS internal interface: B interface (MSC-VLR): A private interface between VLR and MSC. It is used for the MSC to query the current location information of a Mobile Station (MS) from the Visit Location Register (VLR), or request the VLR to update the current location information of the MS or is used for the operations of supplementary services. C interface (MSC-HLR): to get MSRN, the IN service related subscriber status and location information. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 15 R99 Core NetworkInterface(3) D interface (VLR-HLR): used to exchange the location information of the MS and the subscriber management information. E interface ( between MSC): to be used for handover process between two MSCs. F interface (MSC-EIR) : to be used for EIR to verify IMEI status information of mobile equipment. G interface (between VLR): to exchange IMSI and authentication information when MS moves from one VLR to another VLR. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 16 Questions Whats the functions of R99 core network elements ? Which interfaces do we have in the R99 core network ? HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 17 Chapter1 Core Network Evolution Chapter2 R99 Core Network Chapter3 R4 Core Network Chapter4 R5 Core Network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 18 Chapter3 R4 Core Network Section 1 Networking and Interface Section 2 R4 Features HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 19 SCP SMS-C GMLC/SMLC HLR/EIR CAP MAP MAP MAP SIGTRAN SS7 UTRAN BSS TDM MGW MGW RTP(AAL2)/AMR IP(ATM) BackBone IP network GSM/R99PLMN PSTN/ISDN VMSC Server RANAP BSSAP AAL2 H.248 MAP BICC GMSC Server TDM/G.711 TDM/G.711 R4 Network Architecture HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 20 R4 Core NetworkFunction Entities MSC Server: control layer, to realize MM (mobility management), CM ( call control), MGC (media gate control) . MGWbearer layer, to realize the exchange of voice and media flow, and provide all kinds sources, such as TC, EC, play announcement and receive DTMF. SG: to realize signaling transfer from MTP (SS7 transmission layer) to SCTP/IP (SIGTRAN transmission layer). HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 21 R4 Core NetworkInterface and Protocol (1) MGW Mc Mc Nb Nc MSC Server MGW GMSC Server
/ISUP/TUP MTP3 MTP3B M3UA MTP2 SSCF/SSCOP SCTP MTP1 AAL5/ATM IP H.248 SCTP UDP MTP3B IP SSCF/SSCOP/AAL5 RTP AAL2 Voice UDP/IP ATM PCM HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 22 R4 Core NetworkInterface and Protocol (2) Mc interface ((G)MSC ServerMGW) : H.248 is adopted, to realize the flexible connection processing for multi call mode, multi media Nc interface (MSC Server(G)MSC Server) : to realize the inter-office call control. It adopts BICC protocol Nb interface ( Between MGWs)to realize the transfer of control and user information (voice, data, picture, media) in bearer layerand realize the transfer of different media frame format. RTP/UDP/IP and AAL2/ATM protocol is adopted. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 23 Chapter3 R4 Core Network Section 1 Networking and Interface Section 2 R4 Features HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 24 Bearer and Control Separated Control Layer Bearer Layer MSC H.248 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 25 Four-layer Architecture Service Management Network Control Core Switching Edge Access SoftSwitch 3G Access AMG IAD Broadband Access PSTN TMG SG PLMN Packet Core Network UMG UMG App Server Policy Server iOSS IN SoftSwitch MRS S S R R HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 26 Embedded SGSave transmission link SCP SMS-C GMLC/SMLC HLR/EIR CAP MAP MAP MAP SS7 network UTRAN BSS TDM MGW MGW RTP(AAL2)/AMR IP(ATM) BackBone IP GSM/R99PLMN PSTN VMSC Server RANAP BSSAP AAL2 H.248 MAP BICC GMSC Server TDM/G.711 TDM/G.711 SG7000 HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 27 Centralized Service Control New Service Server MGW MGW MGW MGW MGW MGW MGW Next Generation Network Service is not combined with MGW. Service upgrade only relates to server layer. Centralized service management, easy to upgrade. Traditional Network Service is combined with MSC. Most of services need to upgrade all MSCs. MSCs locates dispersedly, difficult to upgrade. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 28 Distributed ArchitectureFlexible networking
Traditional network Inter-working mode. The advantage of distributed networking Traffic route is the best, network performance is the best. Mostly suitable for the operators with wide coverage. Distributed network inter-working mode. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 29 Questions Whats the advantage of embedded SG ? Whats the advantage of R4 core network ? HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 30 Chapter1 Core Network Evolution Chapter2 R99 Core Network Chapter3 R4 Core Network Chapter4 R5 Core Network HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 31 Chapter4 R5 Core Network Section 1 R5 Networking Section 2 SIP Introduction HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 32 GSM /GPRS BSS BTS BSC NodeB RNC PCU UTRAN
SCP SMS SCE PSTN/PLMN Internet, Intranet HLR/AUC/HSS SGSN CG BG GGSN GPRS backbone MGW MGW VMSC Server GMSC Server IP/ATM Backbone CS domain PS domain Iu-CS Iu-PS IP backbone MRFP IMS domain MGW P-CSCF S-CSCF MGCF MRFC SS7 R5 Network Architecture HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 33 R5 Features 3GPP R5 Features: Inherit all the WCDMA R4 service and functions. IMS ( IP Multimedia System) is added based on PS, CS of R5 is consistent with that of R4. Iu interface can select IP and ATM. IP based is a trend of networking. IP QoS is enhanced. Services are enhanced, such as OSAPush Service R5 realizes ALL IP network put forward by 3GPP. IP will become the bearing technology for all signaling message and change the original call flow. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 34 R5 Core NetworkIMS (1) IMS main function entity: CSCF P-CSCF S-CSCF I-CSCF HSS SLF BGCF MGCF/IM MGW MRFC/MRFP AS PDF/PEF
P - CSCF CSCF MGCF HSS Cx IP Multimedia Networks
IMS - MGW PSTN Mn Mb Mg Mm
MRFP Mb
Mr
Mb Legacy mobile signalling Networks
CSCF Mw Mw Gm BGCF Mj Mi BGCF Mk Mk C, D, Gc, Gr UE
Mb Mb Mb MRFC SL F Dx M p PSTN PSTN Gq UE
Gn Iu - PS PDF Go GGSN
SGSN
Gi UTRAN MSC
Iu - CS PS IMS
CS WLAN or IP-CAN - HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 35 R5 Core NetworkIMS (2) CSCFCall Session Control Function Is divided into P/S/I three types based on its function and location. P-CSCF(Proxy CSCF)It is the first connection point for subscriber in IMS and provide Proxy function. It can receive service request and transfer them, but can not modify the Request URI field in INVITE message; P-CSCF also can provide user agent function (UA), it can interrupt and independently produce SIP conversion at abnormal case. S-CSCF(Serving CSCF)S-CSCF is the core control of IMS, it is responsible for UE to register, authenticate and conservation control, realize conservation route function for calling and called IMS user. According to subscriber signed IMS triggered rule, it can trigger the value added service route to AS and control service negotiation. I-CSCF(Interrogating CSCF): similar as IMS gateway node, provide node distribution, route query and IMS Topology Hiding Inter-network function. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 36 R5 Core NetworkIMS (3) HSS:The Home Subscriber Server. HSS stores the IMS subscriber signed information, including basic identity, route information and service signed info. Centralized database, located at the top of IMS core network. It stores the following information: IMS subscriber identity (including public and private identity), number and address information. IMS subscriber security context: ciphering information for subscriber to access network for authentication, roaming restrict information. IMS subscriber route information: HSS supported route information, registration information and location information. IMS subscriber service signed information: including other AS value added service data. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 37 Chapter4 R5 Core Network Section 1 R5 Networking Section 2 SIP Introduction HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 38 SIP Development SIPSession Initiation Protocol: It is application layer control protocol, used to setup, modify, and terminate multimedia session (including meeting). For example, internet telephone call. Originally derived from MBone experiment in 1996. In 1999, It was adopted as RFC2543 standard by IETF-MMUSIC work group. In 1999, SIP work group was established independently, later, two work group named as SIPPING and SIMPLE was newly set up, which is mainly devoted to SIP. In the July of 2002, it is turned to the new standard RFC3261. Most of the content was re-written. It is more clear and precise and some new features were added. Most of contents keep the backward compliance with RFC2543. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 39 SIP Features Based on text code. Only concern about setup, modify and terminate the conservation. SIP- URL is uesd to indicate the resources or subscribers needed to be visited. Flexible extended and powerful negotiation mechanism: Supported, Unsupported, Require, ProxyRequire, Allow, Accept... Simple networking provides the flexibility, reliability and expandability. Relay equipment (Proxy and Redirecter) need not to care about the message content, just transfer transparently. HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 40 Questions What is the difference between R5 and R4? Whats the network element of IMS? HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 41 Summary This course mainly introduces the R99, R4, R5 evolution and each features. The emphasis is R4 network.