1.

dy/dx for y =

dy/dx of
view

as

dy/dx of

dy/dx of

So together (add all the parts)

dy/dx =

2. p(y) for ()

Break down everything again
dy/dx of ( is just like any number)
view

as

or

dy/dx of

dy/dx of y = 1
So together (add all the parts)
dy/dx =

1
3. Tangent line of

at x = 0
How to find tangent line:
1. Find derivative of equation
dy/dx of

2. Plug x value of indicated point into the derivative to get the tangent slope

At x = 0,

3. Plug x value into the original equation to find the y-coordinate of that point
y = 1 +

at x = 0,

So at x=0, y=3 the point where the tangent line is is at (0,3)
4. Use the tangent slope from part(2) and the point from part(3) to get an equation for
the tangent line
Equation for a line: y = m*x + b


3 = 2*0 + b
3 = b

Answer: y = 2*x + 3


4. Ummimplicit differentiation? Not sure if you were supposed to learn this
You need to find the slope of the tangent line, which means the same thing as
the derivative
Implicit derivative of

2x + 2 * 2y*dy/dx = 0
Rearrange that equation so you get the derivative part by itself
2 * 2y*dy/dx = -2x
dy /dx =

or

Plug in the x and y value that was given to you (2,-3)
Slope = 2 (0,3)
dy/dx =

()

The derivative is the same as the slope of the tangent line, so thats your
answer.


5. P() of P() = cos
Product rule: Derivative of a*b = a * b + a * b
Here a would be , and b would be cos
dy/dx of = 1 -> a = 1
dy/dx of cos = -sin -> b = -sin

soo a * b + a * b

1* cos + * -sin

= cos sin

6. dw/dz of

Chain rule: hope you know this, cause I have no idea how to explain it :c
For two functions f(z) and g(z), the derivative of g( f(z) ) = g(f(z)) * f(z)
Here you have two different things (functions) that need to be differentiated:
An expression with a power (1+z^5) > call this f(z)
And a square root > call this g(z)
You could then rethink the equation as w = 3*g( f(z) ) probably lost you there q.q
I start with the inside expression f(z) first find its derivative
f(z) = 1 +

f(z) = 0 + 5*

Now find the derivative of the outside function
g(z) = or

g(z) =

Using the chain rule, plug in everything you found
g( f(z) ) = g(f(z)) * f(z)
= [ ()

= [ (

I left out the 3 from the original equationyou can just add that in at the end
The final answer is
3 * [ (

(simplified version)
7. Limits

Plug in 0 for theta

= :C
Good thing I showed you this before! (LHopitaals Rule for

and

limits)
Just find the derivative of the top and bottom, and plug 0 in again
Derivative of

Plug in 0 for theta:

8. This one is short but tricky
Plug in infinity for t in
()

Sin() = ??? If you remember what a sine wave is, you know it just alternates
between -1, 0, and 1 as it goes to infinity

= e is just like any number, and any number to a huge power is just going
to keep getting larger and larger to infinity
So without any math you have a number between 0 and 1, divided by infinity (or a
really, really large number). What happens then?
What is 1/100000000000000000 or -1/10000000000000000000000000000?
Pretty much zero c:

9. This one is kinda like number 7.

Plug in infinity for x
You get

->

Use LHopitaals Rule again and take the derivative of the top and bottom

->

The limit is 1
You could plug in for x if you wanted to, but the answer is still the same

10. These questions are hardhad to look this up
Long Definition of derivative:

()

()()

For this question, ()

To find f(x+h), substitute (x+h) for x in the equation above
( ) ( )

So plugging these into the limit

()

()

You have to expand the (x+h)^2 term
( )

Plug that back in

()

()

)(

Substitute 0 for h and you get 6x + 3*0 = 6x (the answer you have to prove)

11. You mightve been taught a different way, but this is how I remember doing it :\

Youre told that V is growing at constant rate of 120 cubic inches. This translates to:

You need to find how fast the sides are growing, or basically you need to figure out what
ds/dt equals
You can do the following to find ds/dt

Rearranging this, you get

You already know

, so now just find dV/ds

Soooo
Highlighted part crosses each other out

What does s equal? This depends, since its constantly growing. BUT the
question wants to know specifically when the volume equals 8 cubic inches

So the final answer is:

12. How to find concave up or down and point of inflection?
Concave up -> second derivative equals positive
Concave down -> second derivative equals negative
Point of inflection ->point where a function changes from concave up to down,
or from concave down to up. This means the second derivative
will go from positive to negative, or from negative to positive.
For function

, first find the second derivative

y =

(first derivative)
y = (second derivative)
Now, you have to find out for what values of x makes the second derivative, y, positive
or negative. To do this, find the tipping point: where the second derivative equals 0.
y = 0 =
So at x = 2, the second derivative equals 0. Then that means, for any value below x=2,
the second derivative is either all positive or all negative. Similarly for any value greater
than x=2the second derivative is either all positive or all negative.
To figure out which is which, I just choose two random numbers less than and greater
than x=2.
Ex: To represent all values below x=2, I choose to check x=1
For x = 1the second derivative equals:
y = 0 =
The result is negative. That means for every value of x less than x=2, the
second derivative will be negative, so the function will be concave
down.
To represent all values above x=2, I choose to check x=3
For x = 3the second derivative equals:
y = 0 =
The result is positive. That means for every value of x greater than x=2,
the second derivative will be positive, so the function will be concave
up.
Since on one side of x=2, the graph is concave down and the other side it is
concave up, that means that x=2 is an inflection point. This would NOT be true if
both sides were the same (i.e. both sides were concave up, or both sides were
concave down).

Answer: x < 2 (concave down), x>2 (concave up), x = 2 (inflection point)
13. We did something like this question before kinda
To find velocity, it is the derivative of the position (or height) of the object
()

To find acceleration, it is the derivative of the velocity (or the second derivative of the
height of the object)

So now you have both the formulas for both the acceleration and the velocity. What are
they when the object hits the ground? Well according to acceleration, it will always be
-32, regardless of time. However, since v = -32t, you need to know the time, t.
The question wants to know the answer when the object hits the ground. When does
the object hit the ground? When the height h = 0. Find t at that moment.

So the velocity when the object hits the ground (at t=2) is

14. For the function to be continuous, both pieces of the two-piece function need to meet
at the same point. Since one part is for x<0, and the other part is for x>0, the two need
to be equal when x=0.
At x=0,
{

{
cos(0) 1
So basically, k has to equal 1.
15. How to find absolute maximum and minimum values
(This method ONLY works for continuous functions or intervals. Normally you
should check if the function is continuous, but that can take time in some cases,
and Im assuming your teacher isnt enough of a jerkbag to give you a non-
continuous equation)
Three steps:
1. Find critical points. The absolute max and min can only exist either at
the critical points or the end points of the interval in question
The critical points can be found where the first derivative equals zero

First derivative of ()

is

()

Now find for what values of x does the derivative = 0

( )
The derivative = 0 when x = 0 or x = . These are your critical points
2. Now plug in the critical points into the original equation

For x=0 () ()

()

For x= (

) (

Also check what the function equals at the ends of the interval
[-1,1]

For x=-1 () ()

()

( ) ( )

For x=1 () ()

()

3. Compare results from part (2) to find the max and min values
Answer: Largest value at x=1 (1,1)
Smallest value at x=-1 (-1,-7)
16. This time its only asking for RELATIVE extrema, which means you just need to find the
values of the function at the critical pointsyou dont have to check the endpoints like
you did in question 15.
Same steps
1. Find critical points. The critical points can be found where the first
derivative equals zero

First derivative of ()

is

()

Now find for what values of x does the derivative = 0 (will need to
factor)

)
The derivative = 0 when x = 0 or x = . These are your critical points
2. Now plug in the critical points into the original equation

For x=0 () ()

()

For x=+ () ()

()

( )

For x= () ()

()

( )

3. Compare results from part (2) to find the max and min values
Answer: Rel. minimum at x=0 (0,2)

Rel. maximum at both x=+ and x=
( ) ( )