Name-Nishant kumar

Roll-213ec5246


AIM:
Design of PSK and FSK Modulator and Demodulator using TMS Processor .
THEORY:
PHASE SHIFT KEYING ( PSK ) MODULATION
Any digital modulation scheme uses a finite number of distinct signals to represent digital
data. PSK uses a finite number of phases each assigned a unique pattern of binary digits.
Usually, each phase encodes an equal number of bits. Each pattern of bits forms the symbol that
is represented by the particular phase. Here the data stream's ls and Os are used to switch the
carrier between two phases. This is called Binary Phase Shift Keying ( BPSK ) .
Notice that, when the change in logic level causes the BPSK signal's phase to change, it
does so by 180. For example, where the signal is travelling towards a positive peak the change
in logic level causes it to reverse direction and head back toward the negative peak and vice
versa.
PHASE SHIFT KEYING ( PSK ) DEMODULATION
Demodulating a BPSK signal using a product detector is really just DSB - SC signal with
a digital message instead of speech or music, it can be recovered using any of the DSBSC
demodulation schemes.

If the input waveform is a carrier:
m(t) = Sin ( w
c
t )

The delayed signal will be:
m(t) = Sin (w
c
t + )

where is the phase shift of the delayed waveform with respect to the present waveform. The
output from the multiplier will then be:


For a typical BPSK system, there are many carrier cycles per data period. For ideal operation is
0 or 180 and then the second term can be ignored, leaving a DC component plus a large ripple.

A binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) signal can be defined by
s ( t ) = A m ( t ) cos 2 f
c
t, 0 < t < T

Where A is a constant, m ( t ) = + 1 or - 1, f
c
is the carrier frequency, and T is the bit duration.
The signal has a power P = A
2
/ 2, so that A = 2P. Thus the above equation can be written as






Result:-
Psk mod-




Psk demodulation-













FSK MODULATION/DEMODULATION
THEORY:
Frequency-shift keying (FSK) is a frequency modulation scheme in which digital
information is transmitted through discrete frequency changes of a carrier wave. The simplest
FSK is binary FSK (BFSK). BFSK uses a pair of discrete frequencies to transmit binary (0s and
1s) information. With this scheme, the "1" is called the mark frequency and the "0" is called the
space frequency. The descriptive waveform example for binary-FSK is given in the figure below.







If the bit intervals and the phases of the signals can be determined (usually by the use of
a phase-lock loop), then the signal can be decoded by two separate matched filters:



The first filter is matched to the signal S1(t) and the second to S2(t) .Under the
assumption that the signals are mutually orthogonal, the output of one of the matched filters will
be E and the other zero (where E is the energy of the signal). Decoding of the bandpass signal
can therefore be achieved by subtracting the outputs of the two filters, and comparing the result
to a threshold.





Results:-
Fsk mod