89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24

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ZIGBEE Based Heart Beat
Rate Monitoring System

The HEART BEAT


Heart rate is a term used to describe the frequency of the cardiac
cycle. It is considered one of the four vital signs. Usually it is
calculated as the number of contractions (heart beats) of the heart in
one minute and expressed as "beats per minute" (bpm). See "Heart"
for information on embryofetal heart rates. The heart beats up to 120
times per minute in childhood.
When resting, the average adult human heart beats at about 70 bpm
(males) and 75 bpm (females); however, this rate varies among
people and can be significantly lower in athletes. The infant/neonatal
rate of heartbeat is around 130-150 bpm, the toddler's about 100130
bpm, the older child's about 90110 bpm, and the adolescent's about
80100 bpm.
The pulse is the most commonly used method of measuring the heart
rate. This method may be inaccurate in cases of low cardiac output, as

89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24
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happens in some arrhythmias, where the heart rate may be
considerably higher than the pulse rate.

What is Zigbee:
The name "ZigBee" is derived from the erratic zigging patterns many
bees make between flowers when collecting pollen. This is evocative of
the invisible webs of connections existing in a fully wireless
environment.. ZigBee is the name of a specification for a suite of high
level communication protocols using small, low-power digital radios
based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard for wireless personal area
networks (WPANs), such as wireless headphones connecting with cell
phones via short-range radio. The technology is intended to be simpler
and cheaper than other WPANs, such as Bluetooth. ZigBee is targeted
at radio-frequency (RF) applications which require a low data rate,
long battery life, and secure networking.
Idea

Using this Zigbee Technology we designed a system which
regularly monitors a Persons Heart beat rate and reports to a system
connected on a network through wireless media.

Working of the project:

Any old person, or a heart patient needs for constant monitoring
of their Heartbeat and ecg. Our project can be kept even in houses,

89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24
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where we can constantly monitor the above said parameters. This
project can also be used in the ICU or in operation Theaters to identify
the Heart Beat Rate of the patient. The sensor used for this detection
can he simply housed on the patients finger. The sensor detects
pumping of the heart and produces a voltage output. This is then
transferred to the computer. In the computer the output is plotted
with respect to the real time to the heart beat rate. The Heartbeat
Rate per minute is also given on the computer. These information can
be stored on the computer and can be used to analyze a status of the
patient.






















Block Diagram


Heart Beat Rate Monitoring System
Current Beat : 45 Beats Per Minute : 79

89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24
PL VISIT www.maastechindia.com,mobile:098402 34766






Block Diagram







































PIC Microcontroller
PIC 16F877A

Potential
Divider

Alarm Driver
Wireless Zigbee RX

Wireless
Zigbee TX

Max 232
Power
Supply
+12VDC
Power Supply +5vdc
Power Supply +5vdc LCD Display
Count
Reset
Switch
Alarm

89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24
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Power Supply:
Generates +5V and +12V DC Power supply from the given 230VAC
Signal Conditioning Board:
Used to convert the sensed voltage and current into 0-5V DC and gives it to
the ADC of the PIC Micro controller.

PIC 16F877 Micro controller:
PIC 16F877 Micro controller is used as the CPU for processing the I/p and
Output.

Heart Beat Sensor:
Used to sense Heart beat Pulse using Infrared sensors
Potential Divider:
Used to reduce the voltage level from the sensor to be given to the
microcontroller.

Alarm driver:
A alarm operates on +12V DC. But the Microcontroller delivers +5V TTL
signal. So this relay driver circuit is used to drive the alarm using the +5V DC
signal.
Alarm:
Used to give alarm sound when there is any abnormal heart beat rate
condition

LCD Display:
Used to display the output data.

ZIGBEE TX and RX:
Wireless media used to transfer the data









Heart Beat
Sensor

89 RANGARAJAPURAM MAIN ROAD,KODAMBAKKAM,CHENNAI-24
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Flow Chart


































Start
Get Data From Sensor Heart Beat
Sensor




Increment Pulse Count if heart beat Pulse Found else
continue
If 10
seconds
Elapsed
Store the pulse count in
another Variable BPM
and reset Pulse count
Display Bpm X 6
Display Values in LCD
Send the values to PC thorugh UART to the zigbee
module
Check any Abnormalities
in Heartbeat
Enable Alarm to indicate
Abnormalities
Disable Alarm if Previously
Enabled.
B
B B