Simultaneous Quadruple Integral Equations Involving H-Functions

Scientific Research Journal (SCIRJ), Volume I, Issue IV, November 2013 24
ISSN 2201-2796
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2013, Scientific Research Journal
Simultaneous Quadruple Integral Equations
Involving H-Functions
KULDEEP NARAIN

School of Quantitative Sciences, UUM College of Arts and Sciences
Universiti Utara Malaysia
06010 UUM, Sintok, Malaysia

Abstract
Abstract- I n this Paper we have obtained the solution of simultaneous quadruple integral equations involving H-functions. The
method followed is that of fractional integration. The given quadruple integral equations have been transformed by the
application of fractional integration due to Saxena, in to three others with a common kernel. The common kernel comes out to be
a symmetrical Fourier kernel given earlier by Fox and the formal solution is then readily obtained. Some interesting particular
cases have been derived.
I ndex Terms - I ntegral Equations, Fractional I ntegration, H-Functions

I. INTRODUCTION
Fox [3] has obtained the solution of certain dual integral equations involving H-functions and Dwivedi [1] obtained the solution of
certain simultaneous dual integral equations. Kumbhat and Saxena [4] have considered the formal solution of certain triple integral
equations involving H-functions. The aim of the present section is to obtain the solution of the simultaneous quadruple integral
equations involving H-functions which are yet untouched. The method followed is that of fractional integral operators. By the
application of fractional integral operators given equations are transformed into a equation with common kernel. Since the common
kernel comes out to be a symmetrical Fourier kernel investigated earlier by Fox [3], the formal solution is readily obtained.
Fox [5] has defined
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
,
2 ,2 ,
1 , , ,
, , 1
1
,
2
i i i i i
q p
p q
j j j j j
q p s
p q p q
L
a A a A A
H x
b B b B B
H x x s x ds
i t

(
(
(

= =
}
(3.2.1)

where

( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
[ [
= = + + I
I
+ I
+ I
=
q
1 i
p
1 j
j j j
j j
i i i
i i
q , p
SA A a
SA a
SB B b
SB b
s x (3.2.2)

behaves as symmetrical Fourier kernel.
From (1.1), we infer that the Mellin transform of
p , q
p 2 , q 2
H
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is ( ) s x
q , p
(3.2.3)

where ( ) s x
q , p
is given by (3.2.2).
II. SIMULTANEOUS QUADRUPLE INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

The formal solution of the following simultaneous Quadruple integral equations is developed in this section :

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
0
1
1
1 , , , , 1 ,
, , 1 , 1 ,
; 0 ,
k
i i i i i i i
q p m
p m q m
k
j j j j j i i
n
hk h k
h
a A a A A
H xu
b B b B B
a f u du x x a
o
|
+
+ +
=
(

(
(

= < <
}
(3.2.4)

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
0
2
1
1 , , , ,
, , 1 ,
; ,
i i i i i
q p
p q
j j j j j
n
hk h k
h
a A a A A
H xu
b B b B B
b f u du x a x b
=
(
(
(

= < <
}
(3.2.5)

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
0
3
1
1 , , , ,
, , 1 ,
; ,
i i i i i
q p
p q
j j j j j
n
hk h k
h
a A a A A
H xu
b B b B B
b f u du x b x c
=
(
(
(

= < <
}
(3.2.6)

( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
0
4
1
1 , , , , ,
, , 1 , ,
; ,
k
i i i i i i i
q n p
p n q n
k
j j j j j i i
n
hk h k
h
a A a A A
H xu
b B b B B
c f u du x c x
+
+ +
=
(

(
(

= < <
}
(3.2.7)
k 1, 2, 3, ......., n; =

where,
hk hk
a , b and
hk
c are constants, ( ) ( )
1 2
,
k k
x x | | and ( )
4k
x | are prescribed functions and ( )
h
f x is to be
determined. The analysis, presented in this section avoids the rigidity of the proof, which can be studied in Saxena [5].
In what follows, i, j, k' and I will take values from 1, 2,....., p; 1, 2,......, q; 1, 2,......, mand 1, 2,......, n respectively.
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We assume that the following conditions are satisfied :
(i) 1 q p s
(ii)
i k k j j i i
and , ,
k
k
,
k
k
, B , b , A , a | o are real and 0 , k , B , A
i i i
< ' .
(iii) Let s it o = + , where i and t are real then contour L along which the integrals are taken is a straight line parallel to
the imaginary axis in the complex s-plane whose equation is
0
o = o where
0
o is a constant.

(iv) All the poles of the integrands of (3.2.1) are simple. The contour L is such that all the poles of
( ) ( )
,
k
j j i i
b sb s I + I + lie to the left and those of ( )
i i
a sA I and
( )
k
k
s k o
'
' I to the right of it.
(v) We have
0 A B 2
p
1 i
j
q
1 j
i
>
|
.
|
\
|
= c

= =

(vi) ( )
=
o |
c
< o
m
1 i
k
l
k
l 0
1
2
1

(vii)
( )
0
1
1 1
2
n
k k
l l
i
o
c
=
<

It may be observed by considering the asymptotic behaviour of the Gamma function that the condition (vi) and (vii) ensure
the convergence of the integral.
From (3.2.1), (3.2.2) and (3.2.3), it follows that Mellin transform of equations (3.2.4), (3.2.5), (3.2.6) and (3.2.7) are
( ) ( )
, , ,
,
p q m p q
s s _ _ and
, , p q n
_ respectively; also ( )
h
F s is the Mellin transform of ( )
h
f u .

III. SOLUTION OF THE SIMULTANEOUS QUADRUPLE INTEGRAL EQUATIONS

Solutions of (3.2.4) and (3.2.7) have been discussed by Saxena [5], by using the following operations.

( )
( )
( ) ( )
1
1
, : :
.
X m m
a
x
m m
a
m
R m w x x
x v v w v dv
o
o
o
+ +
= (

I

}
(3.2.8)

and

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( )
( )
( ) ( )
1
1
, : :
b
x
b
n n n n
x
n
n w x x
v x v w v dv
o
o
o
+
I = (

I

}
(3.2.9)

provided a x b, m 0, n 0 < < > > . For a 0, b = = above operators reduce to those defined by Erdelyi [2] and used
by Saxena [5].
By following method of Saxena [5], the equations (3.2.4) and (3.2.7) have been transformed in to two others with a common
kernel by application of aforesaid operators, as

( ) ( ) ( )
.
2 ,2
0
1
,
n
q p
hk h k
p q
h
x u b f u du g x
H
=
=
}
(3.2.10)

where

( )
( ) { }
( ) { }
1 2 1
1
1 2 3
1
..... ; 0
..... ;
k 1, 2,......, n;
n
hk m k
h
k
n
hk n k
h
d R R R x x a
g x
g T T T x c x
=
=
< <

< <
(3.2.11)

hk
d and
hk
g are element of the matrix | || |
1
hk hk
a b

and | || |
1
hk hk
c b

respectively.
The kernels of the L.H.S. of the equation (3.2.5), (3.2.6) and (3.2.10) are same; therefore, the results is

( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
1
0
n
q p
hk h k
p q
h
xu b f u du t x
H
=
=
}
(3.2.12)

where, ( ) H xu is defined in (3.2.1)

( )
( )
( )
( )
2
3
; 0 ,
;
;
1, 2,.....,
k
k k
k
g x x a c x
t x x a x b
x b x c
k n
|
|
< < < <
= < <
< <
=
(3.2.13)

Since ( ) H xu is a symmetrical Fourier kernel, we, therefore, obtain a formal solution as
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( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
1
0
n
q p
h hk k
p q
h
f x t u xu du
H

=
=
}
(3.2.14)

( ) ( ) { } ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) { } ( )
,
1 2 1
2 ,2
1 1
0
, ,
2 3
2 ,2 2 ,2
,
1 2 4
2 ,2
1
.........
.........
a
n n
q p
h hk hk m k
p q
h h
b c
q p q p
k k
p q p q
a b
n
q p
hk n k
p q
h
c
f x d R R R u xu du
xu u du xu u du
g T T T u xu du
H
H H
H
|
| |
|
= =
( =

+ +
( +
`

)

}
} }
}
(3.2.15)
1, 2,......, k n =

where,
hk hk
d , g and
hk
f are element of the matrix | || | | |
1
hk
1
hk hk
b and a b

respectively.

IV. PARTICULAR CASE
(i) The prescribed equations are reducible to simultaneous Meijer's G-function of symmetrical Fourier kernel due to Fox [3] for
i i i i
1 B A = = = = .

( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2 1
1
0
; 0 ,
n
q p m
p m q m hk h k
h
G xu a f u du x x a |
+
+ +
=
= < <
}
(3.2.16)

( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2 2
1
0
; ,
n
q p
p q hk h k
h
G xu b f u du x a x b |
=
= < <
}
(3.2.17)

( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2 3
1
0
; ,
n
q p
p q hk h k
h
G xu b f u du x b x c |
=
= < <
}
(3.2.18)

and

( ) ( ) ( )
,
2 ,2 4
1
0
; ,
1, 2,......,
n
q n p
p n q n hk h k
h
G xu c f u du x c x
k n
|
+
+ +
=
= < <
=
}
(3.2.19)

Solution of simultaneous quadruple integral equations is given by
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( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
,
2 ,2
1
0
1 , 1
.
,
1, 2,......,
n
i i
q p
h hk k p q
h
j j
a a
f x t u G xu du
b b
k n
|

=
(
( =
(

=
}
(3.2.20)

where

( )
( ) { }
( )
( )
( ) { }
1 2 1
1
2
3
1 2 4
1
..... ;
;
;
..... ;
1, 2,......,
n
hk m k
h
k
k k
n
hk n k
h
d R R R u
u a x b
t u u b x c
g T T T u c x
k n
|
|
|
|
=
=
(
(
(
(
( < <
(
= < <
(
(
(
( < <

(
(

=
(3.2.21)
where,
hk, hk
d g and
hk
| are the element of the matrix | || | | || |
1
hk hk
1
hk hk
c b , a b

| |
1
hk
b and

respectively.
(ii) On setting , , 1 B , 1 n , 2 m , 1 q , 0 p
k
1 1 1 2 1
= o = = = = = = = =
2 1 2 1 1 1
1, 1 , 1 , , , 0
k k k k k
C C b b o | | = = + = = = = and applying results of Erdelyi et al [2]

( )
{ }
( )
{ }
( )
( )
1/ 2 1/ 2
1/ 2
1
0
1
; 0
n
b C b c hk h
h
k
J xu J xu a f u du
x x a
t
|
+
=
= < <
}
(3.2.22)

( )
{ }
( ) ( )
1/ 2
2 2
1
0
2 ;
n
b hk h k
h
J xu b f u du x a x b |
=
= < <
}
(3.2.23)

( )
{ }
( ) ( )
1/ 2
2 3
1
0
2 ;
n
b hk h k
h
J xu b f u du x b x c |
=
= < <
}
(3.2.24)

( )
( )
{ }
( )
{ }
( )
( )
1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2
2 2
1
0
4
2sin
, ;
n
b b hk h
h
k
J xu J xu c f u du
b
x c x
t
t
|
=
(
(

= < <
}
(3.2.25)
we obtain

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( ) | | ( ) ( )
{ }
( )
{ }
( ) ( )
{ }
( )
( ) ( )
{ }
1/ 2
1 2
1 1
0
1/ 2 1/ 2
2 2 2 3
1/ 2
4 2
1
, ; ;1 , ;1: 2
2 2
,;1: 2 , 1, 2,......,
a
n n
h hk hk k b
h h
b c
b k b k
a b
n
hk k b
h
c
f x d R C e R C C u J xu du
J xu u du J xu u du
g T u J xu du k n
| |
| |
|
= =
= (
+ +
(
+ = (
(

}
} }
}
(3.2.26)

where, ( )
n
J x is the ordinary Bessel function and
hk
| is the element of matrix
| |
1
hk
b

.

REFERENCES

[1] Dwivedi , A.P. ; On the formal solution of simultaneous dual integral equations , Proc . Nat. Acad. Sci . India , 40(A) II , 111-121
(1970) .

[2] Erdelyi , A. et al ; Tables of Integral Transforms , Vol. II , Mc Graw Hill Book Co, Inc, (1954).

[3] Fox, C ; A formal solution of dual integral equations , Trans . Amer . Math. Soc; 119 , 389 -98 (1965) .

[4)] Kumbhat , R.K. and Saxena , R.K. ; A formal solution of certain triple integral equations involving H-functions , Proc. Nat. Acad.
Sci. India 44, Part I, Sect. A, 153-159 (1974) .

[5] Saxena , R.K. ; On fractional integral operators , Math Zeitshr , 96 ,288- 291 (1967) .

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