II Ñ-Ø√-úø’ £j«-ü¿®√-¶«-ü˛ -¨¡-E¢√®Ωç 13 -¢Ë’ 2006

Sampurna: Here is the book you asked for yes-

terday
É°æpöÀ (present day) ¢√úøéπç (usage) ™ whom
(E†o †’´y-úÕ-T† °æ¤Ææhéπç ÉCíÓ) ¢√ú≈-Lq†îÓô who ¢√úË-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’.
Who? = á´®Ω’?; whom? = á´-JE?
Prapurna: Happy it's here. Where did you find
a) Who did this? = ÉC á´®Ω’ î˨»®Ω’?
it?
b) Who sees such movies? =
(ÆæçûÓ≠æç. Fèπ◊ áéπ\úø éπE-°œç-*çC?) Å™«çöÀ ÆœE-´÷©’ á´®Ω’ îª÷≤ƒh®Ω’?
Sampurna: It was among the books you kept in
c) Whom do you know? = O’Èé-´®Ω’ ûÁ©’Ææ’?
the shelf.
d) With whom did you come?=
(shelf – Å™«t-®√™ †’´¤y °öÀd†
°æ¤Ææh鬙x ÖçC.) †’´¤y á´-JûÓ ´î√a´¤?
So we know the difference between who and
Prapurna: Oh I forgot to look for it there. b) He is a doctor. He charges high fees. (The books which you kept - old usage) =
whom, don't we?
Nirmala wanted it. fees shelf
Modern English ™ á´®Ω’? á´-JE? ÅØË È®çúø’ Çߪ’ØÓ ¢Ájü¿’uúø’. Åûªúø’ áèπ◊\´ BÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ö«úø’. †’´¤y ™ °öÀd† °æ¤Ææh-鬙x Öçü¿C.
(Åéπ\úø ¢Áü¿-éπôç ´’®Ω-*-§Úߪ÷. E®Ωt-©èπ◊ Å®√n-©-ûÓ†÷ who correct
¢√úË-Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. ÅüË éπ©-°æçúÕ: 3) The girl I introduced to you
ÅC 鬢√Lq ´*açC.) èπÿú≈. He is a doctor who charges high fees. ؈’ Fèπ◊ °æJ-îªßª’ç îËÆœ† Å´÷t®·
Sampurna: Which Nirmala? c) She is a great doctor. Everyone likes her. (The girl whom (wrong)/ Who (right) I intro-
Study (°æJ-Q-Lç-îªçúÕ) the following:
Prapurna: The girl I introduced to you, the doctor. duced to you)
1. O’J-éπ\úø á´-JE éπ©-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’? Ç¢Á’ íÌ°æp v°æA-¢√∞¡⁄x Ç¢Á’E É≠æd°æ-úø-û√®Ω’.
other day, on our way to the shop. 4) ... the girl you call college beauty? =
a) Whom do you want to meet here? éπ©-°æçúÕ:
(´’†ç ¢Á·ØÓo®ÓV† shop Èé∞¡Ÿh-†o-°æ¤púø’ She is a great doctor whom everyone likes. college beauty
(Old fashioned and incorrect. §ƒûª ¢√úø’éπ – ûª°æ¤p) †’´¤y ÅØË Å´÷t®·
Fèπ◊ ؈’ °æJ-îªßª’ç îËÆœ† Å´÷t®·.) b) Who do you want to meet here? 'whom'
Ééπ\úø correct,
äéπ-°æ¤púø’ whom É°æ¤púø’ ( the girl whom (wrong) / who (right) you call
The other day = ¢Á·ØÓo-®Ó-V† who college beauty?)
(Modern usage and correct. right).
É°æp-öÀ-¢√-úø’éπ – •ü¿’©’ ¢√úøû√ç.
Sampurna: Isn't that the girl you call the col- She is a great doctor who everyone likes. 5) ... but that (she) is also one you find to be
2. O’éÀ-éπ\úø á´®Ω’ ûÁ©’Ææ’? =
lege beauty? d) He is the person who I consult before taking very simple and humble =
a) Whom do you know here. (old fashioned
(†’´¤y college beauty ÅØËC Ç a decision. simple
and wrong) -E®Ωg-ߪ’ç BÆæ’-èπ◊-ØË-´·çü¿’ ؈’ í¬ Eí∫-Jyí¬ éπE-°œçîË Å´÷t®· èπÿú≈ ûªØË
Å´÷tßË’ éπü∆?) consult whom
îËÊÆC Çߪ’ØËo. (Ééπ\úø §ƒûª-•-úÕ- (she is also the girl whom (wrong)/ who
Prapurna: That she is. But that's also one you §Ú-®·çC.who correct.) (right) you find simple and humble)
find to be very simple and humble whom
Å®·ûË ã ´·êu¢Á’i† N≠æߪ’ç: É™«ç-öÀ-îÓôx 6) She is the one who all like =
too. ¢√úø-ôç-™‰ü¿’. ü∆E •ü¿’©’ who ¢√úø’-ûª’-Ø√o®Ω’. Åçü¿®Ω÷ É≠æd-°æúË Å´÷t®· =
(Å´¤†’. Å®·ûË ÅüË Å´÷t®· î√™«
simple, Eí∫Jy èπÿú≈.)
-Ççí∫x-¶µ«-≠æ-ù 155 É°æ¤púø’ È®çúÕç-öÀ™ àD ¢√úø-èπ◊çú≈ ´÷ö«x-úøôç
Ç¢Á÷-ü¿-ßÁ÷í∫uç.
She is the one all like (who
ûª°æ¤p)
Åéπ\-®Ω-™‰ü¿’, whom

humble= í∫®Ωyç ™‰èπ◊çú≈ Öçúøôç

Sampurna: She is the one who all like, you
said.
(Åçü¿®Ω÷ ¢Á’a-éÌ-ØËC Ç Å´÷t-®·ØË
ÅØ√o´¤ éπü∆ †’´¤y?)
Prapurna: She is getting married. Who do
Who do you know here?
you think she is going to marry?
(ûªy®Ω-™ØË Â°Rx îËÆæ’-éÓ-¶-ûÓçC. á´-JE b) Who do you know here? (Modern and correct) a) v°æA-¢√∞¡⁄x É≠æd-°æúË doctor 7) Who, do you think, she is going to marry? =
ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤?) 3. Ç¢Á’ á´JE Ææçv°æ-Cç-*çC? Ç¢Á’. Ç¢Á’ á´-JE °Rx îËÆæ’-éÓ-¶-ûÓç-ü¿-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤?
Sampurna: Who do you take me for? Am I an (á´-JE ÅØ√o èπÿú≈ whom ®√ü¿’)
a) Whom did she consult? (Old fashioned She is a doctor every-
astrologer? How do I know unless 8) Who do you take me for? =
and wrong) one likes.
you tell me?
b) Who did she consult? (Modern and correct) îª÷¨»®√? Ééπ\úø every-
ØËØÁ-´-®ΩoE ņ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤?
(ØËØÁ-´-®Ωo-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o´¤? ñÆæ’u-úÕØ√ Now observe the following: (whom ®√ü¿’ – 'á´Jo— ņo-°æp-öÀéÃ)
one ´·çü¿’ who/
àN’öÀ? †’´¤y îÁ°æp-éπ-§ÚûË Ø√È陫 ûÁ©’- 1. 9) He is the one we sent pickles to =
O’®Ω’ ÆœE´÷èπ◊ á´-JûÓ ¢Á∞«}®Ω’? whom M. SURESAN (to whom
Ææ’hçC?) ™‰éπ-§Ú-´ôç. ÉD
Who did you go to the movie with? present usage.
´’†ç Ü®Ω-í¬-ߪ’©’ °æç°œ-†-ûª†’. ®√ü¿’)
Prapurna: My cousin Sravan.
(Old form and incorrect with whom did you b) EXERCISE
Sampurna: Do I know him? E®Ωgߪ’ç BÆæ’-èπ◊-ØË-´·çü¿’ ؈’ Ææçv°æ-CçîË ´uéÀh
go to the movie?)
(Åûªúø’ Ø√èπ◊ ûÁ©’≤ƒ?) 2.
Çߪ’†. Practise the following aloud in English
Prapurna: Yea. You met him last summer.
O’èπ◊ Ç Ææ´÷-î√®Ωç á´J †’ç* ´*açC? He is the person I consult before taking a
Who did you get the information from? Vasanth:E†o †’´¤y ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-†o-üÁ-´-JûÓ?
Software engineer in the US. He is decision. (the person who/ whom I consult
(From whom did you get the information? Hemanth: †’´¤y ¢Á·†o chess ÇúÕ† ¨¡P-®˝ûÓ
the guy we sent pickles to, last who
ņ-ôç-™‰-C-°æ¤púø’. ¢√úÕûË ûª°æ¤p-™‰ü¿’)
wrong -old usage) Vasanth:´’ç* game Çúø-û√úø’. ؈’ ¢Á’a-éÌØË
month. Don't you remember? c) Secretary student
í¬ ¢√∞Îx-†’o-èπ◊-†oC Ç ØË.
3. †’´¤y á´-JE í∫’Jç* ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o¢˛? He is the student they have elected secretary
¢√∞¡x™ Åûª-ØÌ-éπúø’.
summer
(ûÁ©’Ææ’. §Ú®·† †’´y-ûª-úÕE Who are you talking about? Hemanth: î√™« ®Ω’èπ◊. Åûª†’ ÇúË game Å®Ωnç
îª÷¨»´¤. í∫’®Ω’hçü∆, éÀçü¿-öÀ-ØÁ© ÅûªúÕéÀ (student who/ whom who é¬ü¿’) ¢√úÌa.
(Old form and incorrect: About whom are d) teacher
îËÆæ’-éÓ-´ôç î√™« éπ≠dçæ . Å™«çöÀ game
´’†ç pickles = Ü®Ω-í¬-ߪ’©’ °æ秃ç) you talking?/ Whom are you talking about?)
؈’ ÅGµ´÷EçîË Çߪ’†
Çúø-û√-úø-ûª†’.
Sampurna: I remember him. He is the teacher I admire.
English con- Vasanth: †’´¤y î√™« ØË®Ω’a-éÓ-í∫© ¢√∞¡x™  Åûª-ØÌ-éπúø’.
´ ´ ´
ÉC î√™« ñ«ví∫-ûªhí¬ í∫’®Ω’hç--éÓ-¢√L (who/ whom who
é¬ü¿’. ¢√úø-´îª’a.)
versation ™. á´-JE ÅEquestions ÅúÕ-Íí-ô-III. Which Which
؈’ î√™« É≠æd-°æ-úË-¢√-∞¡x™ Åûª-ØÌ-éπúø’.
English conversation ™ whom, which Ö°æ- whom who
N≠æߪ’ç èπÿú≈ ÉçûË. èπÿú≈
Hemanth: ÅûªE ü¿í∫_-®Ωèπ◊ ͮ°-∞«l´÷?
ßÁ÷-í¬©’ î√™« interesting í¬ Öçö«®·.
°æ¤púø’ ™‰†õ‰x. ü∆E •ü¿’©’ ¢√úøôç È®çúø’ ´‚úø’ sentences äéπ-öÀí¬ éπ©-°æú≈EéÀ
correct. Vasanth: ÅûªE ´÷´’ Åçü¿®Ω÷ ¢Á’a-èπ◊ØË íÌ°æp
´·êuçí¬ questions. OöÀûÓ questions ÅúÕÍí a)
¢√úøû√ç.
lawyer. Çߪ’† Í®§Ò-Ææ’hØ√oúø’. ´’†ç
N≠æ-ߪ’ç™ î√™« ´÷®Ìp-*açC. ´’† conversa-
E†o †’´¤y á´-JûÓ ´÷ö«x-úø’-ûª’-Ø√o´¤? eg: He bought a car. It is blue.
Who were you talking to yesterday? Çߪ’† car éÌØ√oúø’. ÅC blue á©’xçúÕ ¢Á∞«lç.
tion, modern í¬ Öçú≈-©çõ‰ OöÀE áéπ\úø ¢√úø- (with/ to whom were you talking The car which he bought is blue. ANSWER
é¬ü¿’)
èπÿ-úøüÓ ûÁ©’-Ææ’-éÓ-´ôç î√™« ´·êuç. b) Åûªúø’ á´-JE °Rx îËÆæ’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√oúø’? b) I gave you a book. It is my sister's.
I. Whom = á´-JE, á´-JéÀ (to ûÓ) – ÉC ´’†ç-ü¿-Jéà Who is he marrying? (FéÓ °æ¤Ææhéπç Éî√a†’. ÅC ´÷ sister C) Vasanth: Who were you talking to, yesterday?
ûÁ©’Ææ’. (Whom is he marrying? é¬ü¿’) The book which I gave you is my sister's. Hemanth: Sasir, you played chess with the day
1. Whom do you want to meet here? =
c) †’¢Áy-´-JéÀ Ææ£æ…ߪ’ç îËÆæ’h-Ø√o´¤? Modern conversation ™ °j sentences ™«çöÀ before.
O’J-éπ\úø á´-JE éπ©-¢√-©-†’-èπ◊ç-ô’-Ø√o®Ω’? Who are you helping?
2. Whom do you know here? = ¢√öÀ™x whom ™«í¬, which èπÿú≈ °æ‹Jhí¬ ´C-™‰- Vasanth: He plays a good game. He is among
(Whom are you helping é¬ü¿’) Ææ’h-Ø√o®Ω’. those I admire.
O’éÀ-éπ\úø á´®Ω’ ûÁ©’Ææ’? II. Who, whose, whom and which- ques-
3. Whom did she consult? =
OöÀE a) The car which he bought is blue = Hemanth: Quite smart/ sharp. Difficult to
tions sen-
understand the game he plays. He
Åúø-í∫-ö«-EÍé é¬èπ◊çú≈, È®çúø’ ´‚úø’
Ç¢Á’ á´-JE Ææçv°æ-Cç-*çC?
°j questions ™ ´’†Íéç N*vûªç ÅE-°œç-îªúøç tences sentence
†’ äéπ í¬ éπ©-°æ-ö«-EéÀ èπÿú≈ b) The car he bought is blue.
The book I gave you is my sister's plays such a game.
™‰ü¿’-éπü∆? Å´Fo questions. á´-JE ņ-ú≈-EéÀ ¢√úøû√ç.
sentences ØË Ñ lesson v§ƒ®Ωç-¶µºç™ Vasanth: He is one you can learn a lot from,
a) I saw a man. He was taller than six feet.
É™«çöÀ
English ™ whom ¢√úøû√ç. Å®·ûË Â°j Nüµ¿çí¬ and I like a lot.
Ææç°æ‹-®Ωgèπ◊, v°æ°æ‹-®Ωgèπ◊ ïJ-T† Ææ綵«-≠æ-ù™ îª÷úøçúÕ.
whom ûÓ questions Åúø-í∫ôç/ begin îËߪ’ôç ØËØÌéπ ´’E-≠œE îª÷¨»†’. Åûªúø’ Ç®Ωúø’-í∫’-©-éπçõ‰
Hemanth: Shall we go to him tomorrow?
áûª’h (í¬ ÖØ√oúø’). Ñ È®çúø’ sentences †’ äéπ- 1) Here is the book you asked for yesterday
°æ‹Jhí¬ old fashioned. English ÆæJí¬_ ´÷ö«x-úø’- Vasanth: His uncle is a lawyer everyone prais-
(The book which you asked for - old usage)
ûª’-†o-¢√-È®-´®Ω÷ Å™«çöÀ questions Åúø-í∫®Ω’. öÀí¬ îËü∆lç.
es. He is coming tomorrow. We will
á´-È®jØ√ Å™«çöÀ questions ÅúÕ-TûË Nçûªí¬ I saw a man who was taller than six feet = †’´¤y E†o-úÕ-T† °æ¤Ææhéπç ÉCíÓ.
(Ç®Ω-úø-í∫’-©-éπØ√o áèπ◊\´ áûªh-®·† ´’E-≠œE ؈’ îª÷¨»†’) 2) It was among the books you kept in the shelf. go the day after.
NE-°œ-Ææ’hçC speakers of modern English èπ◊.

Spoken English -§ƒ-ûª -¢√u≤ƒ-©éÓÆæç -éÀxé˙ -îË-ߪ’ç-úÕ.. URL: http://www.eenadu.net/spoken/spoken.htm