PAGE 1 OF 9

ENGINEERING REFERENCE
REV DESCRIPTION REV EC DATE REV EC DATE
Page 6, was c > ..., now c > ... to correct error when
retyped on Rev 6.
4 014174 3-9-07
3 013100 1-27-06
2 011107 1-14-03 7 015809 3-17-09
1 ECN8755 5-4-01 6 015727 1-16-09
0 ECN8727 5-3-01 5 014743 11-2-07
ER-16.0.22 REV 7
7
ASME Code Calculations
for Companion Flanges
Ariel Part Numbers
C-3371, C-3374, C-5632
Drawing Numbers
C-3371, R10; C-3374, R6; C-5632, R0
ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code
Section VIII, Division 1
2007 Edition, 2008 Addenda
Prepared by: Staci M. Friedlander
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PAGE 2 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
Scope
Design analysis of Ariel Corporation companion flanges with part numbers C-3371, C-3374, and
C-5632 assures compliance with requirements of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code,
Section VIII, Division 1. Ariel supplies these flanges for customers to fabricate onto pressure vessels
so Ariel compressor cylinders may mount by bolting the companion flange directly onto cylinder
nozzle connections.
Stress Calculation Results
Companion flange design and calculated stresses meet requirements set forth in the 2007 Edition,
2008 Addenda of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1.
The flanges as designed and manufactured to drawings C-3371 Rev. 10, C-3374 Rev. 6, and
C-5632 Rev. 0 meet requirements of the code for use on pressure vessels built to Section VIII, Div. 1.
Resulting stresses are from worst case loading of bolting pre-stress. Operating stresses will be less
per Appendix 2, 2.5(e)(note 2).
Discussion of Analysis
The above companion flanges are identical except for distances between nozzle hole centerlines.
This similarity allows for a common calculation for a single Flange.
The calculations use Appendix 2 Rules for Bolted Flange Connections with Ring Type Gaskets.
The Flange was calculated as two single flanges because of the two independent gaskets and bolt
circles. The calculations are conservative because the connection between the two flanges
increases part strength.
The Flange was calculated as an Loose Type Flange, per 2-4(a)(1) using loadings and dimensions
per Appendix 2, Figure 2-4(3a). See Figure 1 on page 6 for dimensional definition of the weld. The
Flange is designed to use 8 schedule 80 pipe in conjunction with the plate supplied by Ariel to make
the complete flange analyzed in this report. Customers are responsible to procure the pipe and
fabricate it to the plate per the dimensions in Figure 1.
The Flange was analyzed with a corrosion allowance of 0.125 inch, but this calculation applies to any
vessel with a less than or equal corrosion allowance. The calculations assume a 0.125 inch
machining allowance for material removed to level the flange face after welding to facilitate
installation.
The Allowable Design Stress for SA-240, Grade 316L stainless steel plate is 11,700 psi maximum.
This is per table 1A of Section II, Materials, Part D- Properties for a maximum operating temperature
of 400F. The compressor cylinder is limited to a maximum of 350F, so the operating temperature
will not reach the maximum temperature rating of the Flange material for the allowable stress used.
Ariel supplies a special gasket with this flange, Ariel part number A-10411. The gasket is produced
by Flexitallic, Deer Park, Texas. The sealing spiral wound section is 9-5/8 inch ID by 10-3/8 inch OD
and the metallic inner and outer rings are 9-1/8 inch ID and 11 inch OD respectively. Per Flexitallic
literature, gasket factors for the LSI style gasket is a (m) factor of 3.00 and a (y) factor of 5,000 psi.
Discussion of Bolting
Ariel supplies special proprietary high endurance bolts to mount the companion flanges to Ariel
supplied compressor cylinder nozzles. These bolts are not within the scope of the ASME Code per
interpretation VIII-1-98-57, file number BC98-368. The code responsibility ends at the nozzle face of
the vessel when bolted to a non-code mechanical part.
Ariel supplied bolts for standard applications are manufactured using AISI 8640 or equivalent,
tempered to a hardness range of 37 ~ 43 HRC, and a minimum tensile strength limit of 180,000 psi.
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PAGE 3 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
Upon request or for NACE applications, Ariel furnishes 17-4PH double age heat treated to H1150
stainless steel bolts with a minimum tensile strength of 135,000 psi and maximum hardness of 33
HRC. Both bolt materials have a reduced, shot peened shank area and special form rolled threads.
The shank diameter was used to calculate the minimum cross-sectional area of the bolts. The shank
diameter is 0.390 inches for steel bolting and 0.400 inches for stainless steel bolting. Calculation
results from both bolting options are listed on page 4 and page 5. The STL heading denotes AISI
8620 bolting and the SST heading denotes the 17-4PH bolting. Where not specified the calculation
was not affected by bolt material.
Ariel design practice specifies the allowable bolt stress as 1/5 of minimum tensile stress for flange
bolting. Based on this guideline, the maximum allowable tensile stress for steel bolts is 180,000 psi /
5.0 = 36,000 psi, and 135,000 psi / 5.0 = 27,000 psi for stainless steel bolts.
NOTE: When using 17-4PH stainless steel bolting, maximum allowable working pressure of
the flange is limited to 355 psig for the bolting to meet the above guidelines for maximum ten-
sile stress during operation.
Ariel Service Manuals call for a torque of 40 ft-lb (pre-stress of 45,000 psi) for bolts used to attach
companion flanges with self-energized gaskets. The addition of a spiral-wound Flexitallic gasket,
requires a torque increase to 53 ft-lb to allow for gasket crush on top of pressure containment. This
increase produces a pre-stress of 60,000 psi in the thread root area of the 1/2-13 UNRC-3A bolts.
Impact Testing and MDMT
Section UHA-51 exempts austenitic chromium-nickel stainless steel of type 316L in paragraph UHA-
51(d)(1)(a) from impact testing for MDMT of -320F and warmer. Since Ariel limits its cylinder
minimum design temperature to -50F, impact testing is not required.
Flange Rigidity
Per Appendix 2, section 2-14(c), the rigidity index (J) must be less than or equal to 1.0 for sufficient
flange rigidity to control leakage. The flange thickness is 2.125 inches with a machining allowance of
0.125 inches to flatten the flange at installation. A rigidity factor (K
L
) of 0.20 was used per 2-14. The
elastic modulus (E) at design temperature is 26.4 x 10
6
psi per Section II, part D for a Group G
material. The equation in Table 2-14 for loose type flanges without hubs was used for calculation.
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PAGE 4 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
Design Limits
Flange Inputs
Gasket Inputs/Calculations
K Factors
Bolting Inputs/Calculations
Limit Steel Stainless Steel
Design Pressure (P) 445 psi 355 psi
Maximum Operating Temperature 350F
Minimum Operating Temperature -50F
Input Steel Stainless Steel
Outside Diameter (A) 12.688 in.
Inside Diameter (B) 8.750 in.
Bolt Circle Diameter (C) 11.625 in.
Minimum Thickness (t) 2.000 in.
Corrosion Allowance (c) 0.125 in.
Allowable Design Stress of Material (S
a
) 11,700 psi
Input/Calculation Steel Stainless Steel
Inner Ring Inside Diameter (GSKT ID) 9.125 in.
Outer Ring Outside Diameter (GSKT OD) 11.000 in.
Seal Inside Diameter (SEAL ID) 9.625 in.
Seal Outside Diameter (SEAL OD) 10.375 in.
Material Factor (m) 3.000
Material Factor (y) 5,000 psi
Reaction Diameter, Entire Gasket: [G
m
= (GSKT OD + GSKT ID) / 2] 10.063 in.
Reaction Diameter, Seal Only: [G
s
= (SEAL OD + SEAL ID) / 2] 10.000 in.
Effective Seating Width (b
0
) 0.188 in.
Factor Steel Stainless Steel
K = [A / (B + 2c)] / 2 1.410
Y = 1/(K-1) x [0.66845 + 5.71690 x (K
2
x logK/(K
2
-1)]
5.820
Input/Calculation Steel Stainless Steel
Minimum Diameter of Bolts Used (d
b
) 0.390 in. 0.400 in.
Number of Bolts Used (NB) 12
Allowable Bolt Stress (S
a
) 36,000 psi 27,000 psi
Stress Area of Bolt [A = pi/4 x d
b
2
] 0.119 in.
2
0.126 in.
2
Total Bolt Cross-Section: Available [A
b
= A x NB]
1.434 in.
2
1.508 in.
2
Total Bolt Cross-Section: Required [A
m
= W
m1
/ S
a
]
1.408 in.
2
1.497 in.
2
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PAGE 5 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
Loading Calculations
Rigidity Requirements
Stress Calculations Results
Calculation Steel Stainless Steel
h
D
= [C - (B + 2c)] / 2 1.313 in.
h
G
= (C - G
s
) / 2 0.813 in.
h
T
= (h
D
+ h
G
) / 2 1.063 in.
H = 0.785 x G
s
2
x P 34,950 lb. 27,882 lb.
H
P
= 2pi x b
0
x m x G
s
x P 15,728 lb. 12,547 lb.
Flange Design Bolt Load: Operating [W
m1
= H + H
P
] 50,678 lb. 40,428 lb.
Flange Design Bolt Load: Gasket Seating [W
m2
= pi x b
0
x G
s
x y] 29,452 lb. 29,452 lb.
H
G
= W H 15,728 lb. 12,547 lb.
H
D
= 0.785 x (B + 2c)
2
x P 28,310 lb. 22,584 lb.
H
T
= H H
D
6,641 lb. 5,298 lb.
Flange Design Bolt Load: Operating [W
op
= W
m1
] 50,678 psi 40,428 psi
Flange Design Bolt Load: Bolt Load Only [W
b
= S
p
x (A
b
+ A
m
) / 2] 51,142 psi 40,572 psi
M
D
= H
D
x h
D
37,156 in-lb 29,642 in-lb
M
G
= h
G
x H
G
12,779 in-lb 10,194 in-lb
M
T
= H
T
x h
T
7,056 in-lb 5,629 in-lb
Total Flange Moment: Operating Conditions [M
op
= M
D
+ M
G
+ M
T
] 56,991 in-lb 45,464 in-lb
Total Flange Moment: Bolt Load Only [M
bolt
= W x (C - G
m
) / 2] 39,955 in-lb 31,697 in-lb
Requirement Steel Stainless Steel
Flange Elastic Modulus @ Design Temperature (E)
6.4x10
6
psi
Rigidity Factor for Loose Type Flange (K
L
) 0.200
Rigidity Index [J = (109.4 x M
op
)/(E x t
3
x ln(K)(K
L
)] 0.430 0.343
Calculation Steel Stainless Steel
Longitudinal Hub Stress (S
H
) 0 psi
Maximum Longitudinal Hub Stress Allowable 17550 psi
Radial Stress (S
R
) 0 psi
Maximum Radial Stress Allowable 11700 psi
Tangential Stress (S
T
) 9,477 psi 7,560 psi
Maximum Tangential Stress Allowable 11700 psi
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PAGE 6 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
Where:
t
n
= Pipe thickness
t
p
= Calculated nozzle shell thickness required
due to pressure, not less than 0.250
t
x
= 2 X t
p

c > lesser of t
n
or t
x
FIGURE 1 Definition of Weld Dimensions
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PAGE 7 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
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PAGE 8 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
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PAGE 9 OF 9 REV 7 ER-16.0.22
ENGINEERING REFERENCE
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