Latihan Kosong

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010
MODUL
1
LEARNING AREA 1 : ICT AND SOCIETY

1.1.1.1 Define ICT
P01
Define, Give, State, What
ICT
ICT
1.1.1.2 Describe the brief evolution of computers
P02
P04
P05
INFO
2ND GEN
(1956-1963)
4TH GEN
(1971-PRESENT)
Identify, Label, Match, State

Arrange, List Label, List,
Match, Name, State
COMPUTER
GENERATIONS
1ST GEN
(1940-1956)
3RD GEN
(1964-1971)
5TH GEN
(PRESENT & BEYOND
1.1.2.1 List the usage of ICT in everyday life

ICT In Everyday Life/ ICT Dalam Kehidupan Seharian
P02
Give, Label, List, Match, State
FIELD
EDUCATION
Teachers
Student
Researchers
School
administrator
(Pentadbir
sekolah)
BANKING
Customers
USAGE
Businessman
Bank
administrators
INDUSTRY
Workers
Researchers
Administrators
BANKING
Computerized System
INDUSTRY
1.1.2.2 State the differences between

computerized and non-computerized
systems
Field
COMMERCE
Non Computerized System
1.1.2.3 State the impact of ICT on society

P02
Give, List, State, What, Select,
Choose
STATE THE IMPACT OF ICT ON SOCIETY/ Kesan ICT terhadap Masyarakat
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
1.2.1.1 Define Computer Ethics, Code of
Ethics, Intellectual Property, Privacy,
Computer Crime and Cyber Law
P01
Define, Give, Match, State,
What
DEFINE COMPUTER ETHICS
DEFINE INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
DEFINE PRIVACY
DEFINE COMPUTER CRIME

DEFINE CYBER LAW
1.2.1.2 Differentiate between ethics and law
P02
A00
Give, List, State
Differentiate, Identify
ETHICS
LAWS
1.2.1.3 State the need for intellectual property

laws
DEFINITION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
P02
C03
Give, List, State, What,State,
Suggest, Why
Intellectual Property refers to works created by inventors, authors and artists.
These works are unique and have value in the market place.
Harta Intelek merujuk pada karya yang dibuat oleh pencipta, penulis dan
seniman. Karya-karya ini adalah unik dan mempunyai nilai di pasaran
As businesses continue to expand globally, business owners must realise the importance of
getting professional advice on how to establish and safeguard their intellectual property rights.
Sebagai usaha terus berkembang secara global, pemilik perniagaan perlu menyedari
kepentingan mendapatkan nasihat profesional tentang bagaimana membangun dan
melindungi harta intelek mereka.
THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY PROTECTION
4 Jenis perlindungan Harta Intelek
PATENTS FOR INVENTIONS - Rebentuk/Corak Hasilcipta
Melindungi ciptaan dari pengubahsuaian dari rekabentuk asal
TRADEMARKS FOR BRAND IDENTITY Tanda Dagang/Identity Jenama
Perkataan, nama, simbol, perkakasan dan imej yang mewakili produk,
barangan dan perkhidmatan.
DESIGN FOR PRODUCT APPEARANCE Rekabentuk
Bahan artistik dan sastera, muzik, filem, rakaman suara termasuklah perisian
dan multimedia
COPYRIGHT FOR
Garisan,Kontur,
hiasannya.
MATERIAL Hakcipta Bahan
warna, bentuk, tektur atau bahan itu sendiri termasuklah
1.2.2.1 List ways to protect privacy
P02
Give, How, List, State,What
WAYS TO PROTECT PRIVACY/ Kaedah melindungi Kerahsiaan
Anti-virus
Anti-Spyware
Cryptography
Data backup
Human Aspect
Firewall
1.2.2.2 State authentication and

verification methods /
technologies
P01
P02
Give, List, State, What
Authentication is a process where users verify that they are who they say they are..
Pengesahan adalah proses di mana pengguna mengesahkan bahawa mereka adalah yang
mereka katakan.
AUTHENTICATION
METHOD
Biometric device is a device that translates personal characteristics into a digital code that is
compared with a digital code stored in the database.
Peranti Biometrik adalah peranti yang menterjemah ciri-ciri peribadi menjadi kod digital yang
dibandingkan dengan kod digital disimpan di dalam pangkalan data
Biometric
Devices
Verification is the act of proving or disproving the correctness of a system with respect to a
certain formal specification.
Pengesahan adalah tindakan untuk membuktikan atau tidak membuktikan kebenaran sistem
berhubung dengan suatu spesifikasi formal tertentu.
VERIFICATION
METHOD
1.2.3.1 List effects of controversial
contents on society :
Pornography
Slander
P01
P02
LIST THE EFFECTS OF CONTROVERSIAL CONTENTS ON SOCIETY
Senarai kesan kandungan kontroversi terhadap masyarakat
PORNOGRAPHY
1.
2.
3.
4.
SLANDER/Khabar Angin
1.
2.
3.
10
4.
1.2.3.2 Describe the process of filtering

to control access to controversial
contents
P02
P04
Describe, How, List, State,
What
Arrange, Describe, State
FILTERING
TECHNIQUE
KEYWORD
BLOCKING
SITE
BLOCKING
WEB RATING
SYSTEMS
FILTERING
TECHNIQUE
KEYWORD
BLOCKING
INFO
SITE BLOCKING
WEB RATING
SYSTEMS
Web sites are rated in terms of nudity, sex and violence.
Laman dinilai berdasarkan kelucahan,seks dan keganasan
Ratings done either by the web page author or by the independent
bureau.
Penarafan/Rating dibuat oleh pengarang laman web tersebut
atau badan bebas.
Browsers set to only accept pages with certain levels of ratings.
Browser disetkann hanya menerima laman tertentu sahaja
mengikut rating..
11
1.2.4.1 Explain the need for Cyber Law

EXPLAIN THE NEED FOR CYBER LAW
Kenapa perlunya Undang-undang Siber
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
P02
C03
Explain, List, State, What
Explain, State, Suggest, Why
P01
P02
Choose, Complete, Define,
Give, Match, What
Explain, List, Match, State
1.2.4.2 Explain briefly the computer
crimes below :
Fraud
Copyright Infringement
Theft
Attacks
COMPUTER FRAUD/Penipuan Komputer
COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT/Pelanggaran Hakcipta
Illegal copy or reproduction of copyrights material.
COMPUTER THEFT/Pencurian Komputer
COMPUTER ATTACKS/Serangan Komputer
1.3.1.1 Define computer security
P01
COMPUTER SECURITY/Keselamatan komputer
12
1.3.2.1 Explain briefly the different

threats to computer security :
Malicious code
Hacking
Nature / environment
Theft
P01
P02
A00
Choose, Complete, Define,
Give, Match, What
Explain, List, Match, State
Identify, Suggest, State
MALICIOUS CODE/Kod Merbahaya
HACKING/Penggodaman
NATURAL OR ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTER/Bencana Alam
THEFT / CURI
1.3.3.1 Select the appropriate security
measures to overcome the
identified computer threats
P01
A00
List, State
Choose, Identify, List, State
SECURITY MEASURES
SECURITY THREATS
Malicious Code
Hacking
Natural Disaster
Theft
SECURITY MEASURES
13
1.3.3.2 Apply the correct security

procedures.
Antivirus
Anti-Spyware
Cryptography
Firewall
Data backup
Human aspects
P04
P07
Use, How, List, State, What
Use, How, List, State, What
ANTIVIRUS
An antivirus program protects a computer against viruses by identifying
and removing any computer viruses found in the computer.
Antivirus melindungi komputer daripada serangan virus dengan
mengenalpasti dan membuang virus dari komputer.
ANTI-SPYWARE
Spyware is a program placed on a computer without the users
knowledge. It secretly collects information about the user.
Spyware ialah program yang memasuki komputer tanpa pengetahuan
tuan punya/pengguna. Ianya mengumpul maklumat mengenai
pengguna tersebuat secara rahsia
The spyware program communicates information to the outside source.
Program spyware ini berkomunikasi dengan orang luar/sumber dari luar.
An anti-spyware application program sometime called tracking software or a spybot is used
to remove spyware.
Program/perisian anti spyware atau spybot digunakan untuk membuang/menghapuskan
spyware.
CRYPTOGRAPHY/ Tulisan Rahsia
Cryptography is a process of hiding information by altering the actual
information into different representation
Kriptografi ialah proses menyembunyikan maklumat dengan mengubah
bentuk maklumat asal kepada bentuk yang lain.
DATA BACKUP/ Sandaran/salinan data
Data Backup is a program of file duplication. Backups of data
applications are necessary so that they can be recovered in case of an
emergency.
Sandaran data ialah program yang membuat salinan datal. Sandaran
data ini penting kerana boleh digunakan dimasa kecemasan jika data
asal rosak/hilang.
FIREWALL
Firewall is a piece of hardware or software which functions in a networked
environment to prevent some communications forbidden by the security
policy. It might permit limited access from in or outside the network
perimeters or from certain user or for certain activities.
Firewall ialah perkakasan atau perisan yang berfungsi dalam rangkaian
komputer bertujuan menghalang sesetengah komunikasi yang telah
disekat/dihalang oleh polisi keselamatan. Ia mungkin menghadkan
capaian kepada pengguna atau untuk aktiviti tertentu sahaja.
14
HUMAN ASPECTS / Aspek manusia

Human aspects refer to the user and also the intruder of a computer system.It is
one of the hardest aspects to give protection to.
Aspek manusia merujuk kepada pengguna dan juga penceroboh sistem
komputer. Aspek yang susah untuk dilindungi.
LEARNING AREA 2 : COMPUTER SYSTEM

2.1.1.1 Define computer system
P01
Define, State, What, Give
COMPUTER SYSTEM
A computer system is a combination of components designed to
process data and store files.
Sistem komputer ialah kombinasi komponen-komponen yang direka
untuk memproses data dan menyimpan fail.
2.1.1.2 State the meaning of input, processor, output
and storage
P01
Define, State, What,Give
INPUT
PROCESSOR /Pemproses
OUTPUT
STORAGE
15
2.1.1.3 Describe the information processing cycle

which includes input, process, output and
storage using a block diagram.
P02
P04
Describe, Explain, State,
Label, List
Draw, Match, Arrange,
Rearrange
INFORMATION PROCESSING CYCLE / KITARAN MEMPROSES MAKLUMAT
2.1.2.1 State the relation of data representation : bit,
byte and character
P01
P02
State, Give, Define, Relate,
State, Give, What
BIT
BYTE/ Bait
CHARACTER
16
2.1.3.1 Explain the function of ASCII code

P01
P02
Define, State, What
Explain, State, List, Give
FUNCTION OF ASCII CODE
ASCII is a standard of code used to represent characters, which
include letters, numbers and punctuation marks.
ASCII ialah kod piawai yang digunakan untuk mewakili satu-satu
karakter, contohnya huruf, nombor dan tanda baca
2.1.4.1 Describe the units of data measurement:
Bit, Byte, KB, MB, GB, TB
1 KB = 210 bytes 1 MB = 220 bytes
1 GB = 230 bytes
P02
A00
Explain, State
Convert, Change,
Calculate, Solve
1 TB = 240 bytes
P02
A00
Explain, State
Convert, Change,
Calculate, Solve
2.1.5.1 Describe the units of clock speed
measurement:
MHz, GHz
WHAT IS COMPUTER SPEED? Computer Speed is how fast it can process data, the speed the computer can turn data
into information
Kelajuan komputer diukur berdasarkan berapa pantas ia memproses data, menukar
data kepada maklumat
HOW DO YOU MEASURE COMPUTER SPEED ? Bagaimana kelajuan diukur?
The system clock controls the speed of all the operations within a computer. The speed of
the clock is measured by how many cycles per second the clock makes.
Sistem Clock mengawal kelajuan operasi sesebuah komputer. Diukur dalam berapa putaran
sesaat.
WHAT IS THE UNIT USED?
hertz
17
2.2.1.1 Identify the input devices used for text,

graphic, audio and video
P02
P05
State, Give,What, Which
Identify, List
Match, Select, Label,
Identify
INPUT DEVICES
ELEMENTS
EXAMPLES
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
18
2.2.2.1
Identify the output devices used for text,
graphic, audio and video
P02
P05
State, Give,What, Which
Identify, List
Match, Select, Label,
Identify
OUTPUT DEVICES
ELEMENTS
EXAMPLES
TEXT
AUDIO
GRAPHIC
VIDEO
19
2.2.3.1
Identify the location of the CPU, expansion
slot, expansion cards, RAM slot, ports and
connectors on the motherboard.
P02
Identify, State, Name
Match, Label
2.2.4.1 Explain types and functions of:
Primary storage (RAM, ROM)
Secondary storage (magnetic medium,
opical medium, flash memory)
PRIMARY STORAGE (RAM, ROM) / STORAN PRIMER
P01
P02
P06
Define, State, Give, What
Explain, Give, State, What
Match, Label, Differentiate,
Categorise
RANDOM-ACCESS MEMORY (RAM)
RAM is also known as a working memory.Data in RAM can be read (retrieved) or written
(stored). RAM is volatile , the programs and data in RAM are lost when the computer is
powered off. Computer uses RAM to hold temporary instructions and data needed to
complete tasks.
RAM juga dikenali sebagai memori yang bekerja. Data di dalam RAM boleh di baca dan
disimpan. RAM ialah meruap, bermaksud, data didalam RAM akan hilang bila komputer
ditutup. Komputer menggunakan RAM untuk melaksanakan arahan dan data sementara
untuk melaksanakan tugas.
20
READ-ONLY MEMORY (ROM)

ROM is non-volatile, It holds the programs and data when the
computer is powered off. rograms in ROM have been prerecorded. It can only be stored by the manufacturer; once it is
done, it cannot be changed. All the contents in ROM can be
accessed and read but cannot be changed.
ROM tidak meruap, data dan arahan yang disimpan tidak
hilang apabila komputer ditutup. Program yang terdapat
dalam ROM telah dimasukkan di kilang. Kandungan di dalam
ROM boleh dicapai tetapi tidak boleh diubah.
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RAM AND ROM/Perbezaan antara RAM dan ROM
RAM
DATA
AND
PROGRAM
CONTENT
PROCESSING
TIME
VOLATILITY
SECONDARY STORAGE / Storan Sekunder
As alternative storage to keep data and documents. Store programs and data for future use.It
is non-volatile
Sebagai alternatif lain untuk menyimpan data dan dokumen. Menyimpan program dan data
untuk kegunaan di masa akan datang. Tidak meruap.
TYPES OF SECONDARY STORAGE/ Jenis Storan Sekunder
TYPES OF
SECONDARY STORAGE
Magnetic medium
Optical medium
Flash memory
Diskette, harddisk
CD / DVD
Pendrive, Memory card
21
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STORAGE

Perbezaan antara Storan Primer dan storan sekunder
PRIMARY STORAGE
SECONDARY STORAGE
P02
State, Give, What, List,
Name
Mobility
Capacity
Muatan
Examples
Price
Accesibility
Capaian
2.3.1.1 State the various types of OS used on different
platforms
WHAT IS OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)? / Apakah Sistem Pengoperasian?
STATE TYPES OF OS AND THEIR PLATFORM
PLATFORM
PC PLATFORM
CROSS-PLATFORM
EXAMPLE
APPLE PLATFORM
2.3.1.2 State the functions of OS
P02
Name
FUNCTIONS OF OS / Fungsi OS
22
2.3.1.3 State the different interfaces of OS

STATE THE DIFFERENCES INTERFACES OF OS
Nyatakan perbezaan diantara antaramuka OS
P02
Name
DOS ( DISK OPERATING SYSTEM)
GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI)
2.3.2.1 Differentiate between the types and usage of
application software (word processing,
spreadsheet, presentation, graphic)
P02
P05
State, List, Give, Identify
Differentiate, Categorise,
Classify
TYPES AND USAGES OF APPLICATION SOFTWARE / Jenis dan kegunaan Perisian Aplikasi
WORD PROCESSING/ Pemprosesan perkataan
SPREADSHEET / Lembaran Kerja
PRESENTATION / Persembahan
23
GRAPHICS EDITING / Peyunting Grafik

2.3.3.1 Differentiate between the types and usage of
utility programs (file management, diagnostic
and file compression)
DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY
P02
P05
Classify
Compiles technical information about a computer's hardware and
certain system software programs and then prepares a report
outlining any identified problems.
Memaparkan maklumat teknikal mengenai perkakasan komputer
dan sesetengah perisian sistem. Menyediakan laporan jika ada
masalah yang telah dikenalpasti.
FILE MANAGER
Manage files on a disk. It provides functions to delete, copy. Move,
rename and view files as well as create and manage folders
(directories).
Menguruskan fail. Menyediakan fungsi untuk padam,salin, pindah,
menamakan semula, memaparkan selain membina dan menguruskan
folder/direktori
SCREEN SAVER
Displays a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse
activity occurs for a specified time.
Memaparkan imej bergerak atau kosong jika tiada pergerakan
papan kekunci atau tetikus dalam masa yang telah ditetapkan.
DATA COMPRESSION
Data compression utility is a utility that removes redundant elements,
gaps and unnecessary data from a computers storage space so that less
space is required to store or transmit data.
Pemampat data kegunaanya ialah memampat/mengecilkan saiz
sesuatu fail dengan tujuan menjimatkan ruang. Contoh WinZip,PKZip
24
2.3.4.1 Differentiate between proprietary and open

source software
P02
P05
Classify
PROPRIETARY SOFTWARE
OPEN SOURCE SOFTWARE /
Perisian Sumber Terbuka
LEARNING AREA 3 : NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION

3.1.1 Definition
3.1.1.1 Define computer networks
3.1.1.2 Define communications
COMPUTER NETWORK
P01
P01
Define, state, give, what
COMMUNICATION
MODEM
25
3.1.3 Types of Networks

3.1.3.1 Define types of computer
networks:
Local Area Network (LAN)
Metropolitan Area Network
(MAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN)
P01
3.1.3.2 Differentiate between the three
types of computer networks
P02
P06
State, give, list, what,
differentiate
differentiate
GIVE THE DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF COMPUTER NETWORKS
Perbezaan antara 3 jenis rangkaian komputer
LAN
MAN
WAN
26
Cost / Kos
Keluasan rangkaian
Speed/ Kelajuan
Jenis sambungan
Bilangan komputer
3.1.4 Network Architecture / Senibina Rangkaian

3.1.4.1 Define two types of network
architecture:
Client/Server
Peer-to-Peer
P01
CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK
PEER TO PEER NETWORK
3.1.5 Network Topology / Topologi rangkaian
3.1.5.1 State three types of network
topologies:
BUS, RING, STAR
BUS TOPOLOGY
P01
P02
State, list, name, give, what,
select
State, list, name, give, what,
draw, label, select
RING TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY
27
3.1.5.2 Differentiate between the three

types of network topology
P02
P06
differentiate
differentiate
GIVE THE DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE THREE TYPES OF NETWORK TOPOLOGY.
Bandingkan 3 jenis topologi rangkaian
BUS TOPOLOGY
RING TOPOLOGY
STAR TOPOLOGY
Structure
Struktur
Host existence
Kep
Keperluan Hos
Connection
between nodes
Sambungan
antara nod
Host failure
Kegagalan hos
Node failure
Kegagalan hos
Ease of Troubleshooting
Kemudahan penyenggaraan
Ease of adding
or removing
nodes
Number of nodes
when extending
network
28
3.1.6 Protocol
3.1.6.1 Define Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
as a protocol to facilitate
communication over computer
network
WHAT IS PROTOCOL?
P01
WHAT IS TRANSMISSION CONTROL PROTOCOL/INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP)?
3.1.7 Internet, Intranet, Extranet
3.1.7.1 Describe the types of network
communications technology:
Internet
Intranet
Extranet
INTERNET
INTRANET
P01
P02
P06
State, give, list, what
explain, describe
explain, describe,
differentiate
29
EXTRANET
3.2.1 Devices
3.2.1.1 Identify the devices needed in
computer network communication :
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Wireless Network Interface Card
Modem (internal and external)
Hub/ Switch
Router
Wireless Access Point
3.2.1.2 State the functions of the following :
Network Interface Card (NIC)
Wireless Network Interface Card
Modem (internal and external)
Hub/ Switch
Router
Wireless Access Point
P01
P06
Name, state, list, give, label,
match, what, select
Identify, name, state, list,
give, label, match,
complete, what, select
P02
Identify, state, give, list,
what, select, match
30
DEVICE
NETWORK INTERFACE
CARD (NIC)
FUNCTION/USAGE
WIRELESS NETWORK
INTERFACE CARD (WNIC)
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL
MODEM
HUB OR SWITCH OR
ROUTER
WIRELESS ACCESS POINT
31
3.2.2 Medium
3.2.2.1 Identify various types of cables
such as Unshielded Twisted Pair
(UTP), Shielded Twisted Pair (STP),
Coaxial and Fibre Optic Cable
P01
P06
match, what, select
give, label, match,
TRANSMISSION MEDIUM
P01
P06
match, what, select
give, label, match,
3.2.2.2 Identify various types of wireless
transmission media such as
infrared, radio wave and satellite
RADIO WAVES
Electromagnetic waves
ranging in frequencies
between 3 KHz and 1 GHz.
Gelombang lektromagnetik
yang berfrekuensi diantara 3
KHz and 1 GHz.
MICRO WAVES
Electronic waves with

frequencies between 1
GHz to 300 GHz.
Gelombang
elektromagnetik yang
berfrekuensi diantara 3
GHz and 300 GHz.
INFRA RED
Infrared signals have

frequencies between
300 GHz to 400 THz used for short-range
communication.
Isyarat Infra-Merah
berfrekuensi antara 300
GHz to 400 THz.
Untuk kegunaan jarak
dekat.
ABOUT
DIRECTION
DISADVANTAGE
Omnidirectional - useful for

multicasting, in which there is
one sender but many receiver
Pelbagai arah, berguna untuk
multicasting dimana satu
penghantar tetapi banyak
penerima.
Susceptible to interference by
another antenna that is
sending signals of the same
frequency or band.
Terdedah kepada gangguan
daripada antenna yang lain
yang menghantar isyarat
menggunakan frekuensi yang
sama.
Unidirectional - the
sending and receiving
antennas need to be
aligned.
Satu arah antenna
penghantar dan
penerima perlu sejajar.
High-frequency
microwaves cannot
penetrate walls,
receiving antennas
cannot be placed
inside buildings.
Frekuensi gelombang
mikro tidak boleh
menembusi dinding,
antenna penerima
tidak boleh diletakkan
didalam bangunan.
cannot be used for long
distance
communication,
cannot use outside a
building because sun's
rays can interfere with
communication.
Tidak boleh digunakan
untuk jarak jauh. Juga
tidak boleh diguna
diluar bangunan
kerana gangguan dari
sinaran matahari.
32
Server Software
3.3.1
3.3.1.1 Define Network Operating System
3.3.2 Client Software
3.3.2.1 State the functions of various client
software.
P01
Define, state, give, what,
select
State, give, list, what, select
P02
DEFINE THE NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM / Maksud Sistem Pengoperasian rangkaian
FUNCTIONS OF VARIOUS CLIENT SOFTWARE
WEB BROWSER
EMAIL CLIENT
FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL (FTP)
3.3.1.2 Name various Network
Operating System Software
P01
Name, state, give, list,
match, what, select
NAME THE VARIOUS NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE
Windows NT - Windows 2000 Server - Windows Server 2003 - Red Hat Linux
33
3.5.1 Latest Development In Networks and Communications

3.5.1.1 Describe :P01State, list, name, give,
Mobile ComputingP02what
(specifications, services,P06State, list, name, give,
frequencies)what, explain, describe
Internet Technology andState, list, name, give,
Services (VOIP, BLOG)what,
Types of network (examples:
PAN, VPN, WLAN,
WIMAX)
MOBILE COMPUTING
Mobile computing is the ability to use technology to wirelessly connect to and use centrally
located information and/or application software via small portable and wireless computing
and communication devices.
Mobile computing ialah keupayaan menggunakan teknologi secara wireless untuk
menyambung dan menggunakan maklumat yang berpusat atau perisian aplikasi melalui
peranti mudahalih dan peranti wireless yang lain.
PERSONAL AREA NETWORK (PAN)
Personal Area Network (PAN) is a computer network
used for communication among computer devices
(including telephones and personal digital assistants)
close to one person.
PAN ialah jenis rangkaian komputer yang digunakan
untuk komunikasi antara peranti komputer (termasuk
telefon dan PDA) yang hampir kepada manusia.
VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORK (VPN)
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a network that uses a
public telecommunication infrastructure, such as the
Internet, to remote offices or individuals with secure
access to their organisation's private network.
VPN ialah rangkaian yang menggunakan infrastruktur
telekominikasi awam, contohnya internet untuk
menghubungkan dengan pejabat atau individu yang
mempunyai capaian terhadap rangkaian peribadi
sesebuah organisasi.
WIRELESS LOCAL AREA NETWORK (WLAN)
Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) is a type of LAN that
uses high frequency radio waves to communicate between
nodes.
WLAN ialah sejenis LAN yang menggunakan gelombang
radio berfrekuensi tinggi untuk berhubung dengan setiap
nod (komputer).
34
WIRELESS METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (WiMAX)

WiMAX is a Wireless Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
technology that will connect WiFi hotspots to the Internet
and provides a wireless extension to cable and DSL for
larger broadband access. WiMAX would operate similar
to WiFi but at higher speeds, over greater distances and
for a greater number of users.
WiMAX ialah teknologi Wireless Metropolitan Area
Network (MAN) yang menghubungkan WiFi hotspots
kepada internet dan menyediakan sambungan
tambahan wireless kepada capaian jalurlebar
(Broadband). WiMAX berfungsi seperti WiFi tetapi
dengan kelajuan yang lebih tinggi, jarak yang lebih jauh
dan bilagan pengguna yang lebih ramai.
LEARNING AREA 4 : MULTIMEDIA
4.1.1.1 Define the concept of multimedia

P01
P02
Define, State ,What, Give
WHAT IS MULTIMEDIA ?
Multimedia is the presentation of information by using a combination of
text, audio, graphic, video and animation.
Multimedia ialah mempersembahkan maklumat dengan menggunakan
kombinasi teks, audio, grafik, video dan animasi.
4.1.3.1 Differentiate between linear and nonlinear multimedia interactivity
P01
P02
P05
P06
Categorise, Match
Differentiate, Match
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN LINEAR AND NON-LINER MULTIMEDIA INTERACTIVITY
LINEAR
the user interacts with the multimedia
application without controlling the progress of
the content.
Pengguna berinteraksi dengan aplikasi
multimedia tanpa mengawal perjalanan
kandungan.
NON-LINEAR
Allows the user to interact with the content
according to what the user wants from the
content.
Membolehkan pengguna berinteraksi
dengan kandungan mengikut kemahuan
pengguna
35
Content is usually arranged in sequence.

Kandungan bahan biasanya disusun
mengikut urutan.
the user has no control over the sequence of
events.
Pengguna tidak ada kawalan terhadap
urutan peristiwa.
Uses tools like hypertext to connect a word
or a phrase to another screen.
Menggunakan alat seperti hypertext untuk
menghubungkan perkataan atau ayat ke
muka yang lain.
The user can control the progress and
sequence of the multimedia
Pengguna boleh mengawal perjalanan dan
urutan multimedia.
4.1.4.1 Explain briefly the medium of delivery for
multimedia applications
Web-based
CD-based
WEB-BASED MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia can be delivered through Web pages.
Multimedia dipersembahkan melalui laman web.
P01
P02
P05
What, State, List, Name, Give
What, Explain, State, List,
Give
Match, Classify, Identify,
Determine
CD-BASED MULTIMEDIA
Multimedia can be delivered through compact discs.
Multimedia dipersembahkan dalam bentuk cakera padat (CD).
GIVE DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN WEB-BASED AND CD-BASED

WEB-BASED
Limited in picture size and low resolution
video
Saiz gambar yang terhad dan video yang
berresolusi rendah.
Can be changed, damages or deleted by
irresponsible individuals
Boleh diubah, rosak, atau dipadam oleh
individu yang tidak bertanggungjawap.
Information for multimedia can be updated
easily and is cheaper.
Maklumat dalam multimedia boleh
dikemaskini dengan mudah dan murah.
4.1.5.1 Identify the multimedia elements
CD-BASED
Can store high end multimedia elements such
as video
Boleh menyimpan element multimedia yang
baik seperti video
Can be permanently stored and are not
changeable
Boleh disimpan secara kekal dan tidak boleh
diubah
Information on a multimedia can be quickly
outdated
Maklumat dalam multimedia boleh mudah
ketinggalan zaman.
P01
P02
Identify, What, List, Give
State, Name, Match, Label.
GRAPHICS
VIDEO
AUDIO
ANIMATION
TEXT
Multimedia
Elements
36
4.2.2.1 Identify editing software that can be used

to produce multimedia products.
Text editor
Graphic and image editor
Audio editor
Video and animation editor
P01
P02
P05
What, Give, List, Label
What, Identify, Name, Label
Choose
ELEMENTS
TEXT
GRAPHICS
AUDIO
VIDEO
ANIMATION
Notepad , MS Word Open Office Writer

MS Paint , Adobe Photoshop , Corel Draw
Sound Recorder , Sound Forge , Adobe Audition
Adobe Premier , Pinnacle Studio, Ulead MediaStudio Pro
Macromedia Flash , Asymmetriz 3DFX , Magic Morph, Ulead Animator
EXAMPLE SOFTWARE
P01
P02
State ,What, Give,
Differentiate
4.2.3.1 Differentiate between the various types of
authoring tools :
Time frame concept
Icon concept
Card concept
GIVE DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN TIME FRAME CONCEPT, ICON CONCEPT AND CARD CONCEPT.
TIME FRAME CONCEPT
Dipersembah dan disusun
dalam bentuk garisan masa.
Mengandungi lapisanlapisan yang mempunyai
beberapa frame.
ICON CONCEPT
Elemen dan peristiwa disusun
dalam bentuk kerangka
berstruktrur.
Pengguna boleh
mempersembahkan urutan
logik dengan menarik ikon
dari menu ikon.
Authorware and IconAuthor

CARD CONCEPT
Elemen dan peristiwa disusun
seperti muka surat dalam
buku atau susunan kad
Boleh menambah transaksi

antara setiap muka dan
pada bahan itu sendiri
ToolBook, HyperCard
SuperCard, MS Powerpoint
Flash and Director
37
4.2.4.1 Describe and give examples of web

editor
Text based
WYSIWYG
P01
P02
P05
Define, What, Give, List.
What, Identify, Name,
Explain, Describe
Choose
Web editor is a program that you use to create Web page. A Web page is written in Hypertext
Markup Language (HTML) . There are 2 types of Web editors. They are text-based and What
You See Is What You Get (WYSIWYG).
Web editor adalah program yang anda gunakan untuk membuat laman web. Laman Web
ditulis dalam Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Ada 2 jenis editor Web, berasaskan teks dan
(WYSIWYG).
TEXT-BASED
Editor berasaskan teks ialah editor yang asas untuk bekerja dengan
HTML untuk membina laman web. Memerlukan pengetahuan
HTML.
WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get)
Editor WYSIWYG menyediakan antaramuka yang

memaparkan bagaimana web itu akan dipaparkan didalam
web browser.
Tidak memerlukan pengetahuan HTML.
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN TEXT BASED AND WYSIWYG WEB EDITOR.
TEXT BASED
Tidak ramah pengguna
Tiada sampah HTML
Perlu ada pengetahuan HTML
Susah untuk menyelitkan arahan tertentu
Tidak boleh membayangkan rekabentuk
WYSIWYG
Ramah pengguna
Ada sampah HTML
Tidak perlu ada pengetahuan HTML
Mudah untuk menyelitkan arahan tertentu
Mudah untuk membayangkan rekabentuk
38
4.3.1.1
State the interface principles
P02
Identify, What, List, Give,
State.
INTERFACE PRINCIPLE/Prinsip Antaramuka

PRINCIPLES
Consistency
Konsisten
Clarity
Jelas
INFO
Rekabentuk antaramuka adalah setara dan sama di setiap skrin.
Label yang jelas pada setiap ikon, mudah untuk difahami

Menggunakan ikon atau grafik yang sesuai untuk mewakili maklumat.
Setiap bahagian perlu relevan/sesuai dengan tajuk.
Idea yang dipersembahkan perlu berkait dengan tajuk.
Pengguna boleh bergerak menggunakan menu.
Context
Kandungan
Navigation
Navigasi
Search
Carian
Learnability
Boleh Belajar
Membolehkan pengguna mencari kata kunci atau glosari.
Menyediakan maklumat sokongan dan help file untuk memudahkan
pemahaman terhadap sistem.
Pengguna boleh melayari mana-mana bahagian tanpa sekatan
Flexibility
Personalisation Pengguna boleh membina pembelajaran sendiri.
4.3.2.1 State the role of member in development
team (examples : project manager,
subject matter expert, designer, script
writer, graphic artist, audio-video
technician, instructional designer,
programmer)
4.3.2.2 Form a development team
TEAM MEMBER
PROJECT
MANAGER
Pengurus Projek
P02
State, Identify, List, Give,
Match, Complete
A00
Follow, Form,
SUBJECT MATTER
EXPERT
Pakar Subjek/Bahan
ROLE
Menentukan skop projek, berbincang dengan pelanggan,
mencari sumber kewangan, peralatan dan kemudahan.
Menguruskan Pasukan produksi
Melakukan kajian mengenai kandungan program multimedia.
39
GRAPHIC ARTISTS
Artis Grafik
AUDIO-VIDEO
TECHNICIAN
Juruteknik AudioVideo
INSTRUCTIONAL
DESIGNER'S
Pereka Arahan
PROGRAMMER'S
Pengaturcara
Membangunkan elemen grafik seperti latarbelakang, butang,
kolaj gambar, objek 3D, logo dan animasi.
Bertanggungjawab merakam suara.
Menyunting kesan bunyi, merakam dan menyunting musik.
Merakam, menyunting dan pendigitalan video.
Menentukan strategi yang terbaik untuk mempersembahkan

maklumat.
Menulis kod aturcara menggunakan alat pengarangan,
menggabungkan elemen-elemen multimedia ke dalam program
multimedia.
A00
Follow, Apply
4.3.3.2 Apply all the phases to produce an
interactive educational multimedia
project
ANALYSIS
PHASE
DESIGN
PHASE
Menukar dari rekebentuk kepada program multimedia
IMPLEMENTATION
PHASE
TESTING
PHASE
Gunakan Senarai Semak untuk menguji program multimedia. Jika ada

kesalahan, programmer akan memperbaiki program.
Pembangun multimedia akan menemubual pelanggan untuk mengetahui

keperluan mereka dan menulis dalam pernyataan masalah
Pembangun multimedia mereka carta alir dan papan cerita.

Pengguna yang terpilih akan menggunakan borang penilaian untuk
mencuba program dan memberikan maklum balas.
Apabila program multimedia telah lengkap. Ianya akan di edarkan/dijual.
EVALUATION
PHASE
PUBLISHING
PHASE
40
LEARNING AREA 5: PROGRAMMING

5.1.1.1
State the definition of programme
P01
State, Define, Give,
What
DEFINITION OF PROGRAMME
Program - A series of organised instructions that directs a
computer to perform tasks.
Program - Sekumpulan arahan yang mengarahkan komputer
melaksanakan tugas.
5.1.1.2
State the definition of programming language
P01
What
DEFINITION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE
Set of words, symbols and codes that enables humans to
communicate with computers
Sekumpulan perkataan, simbol dan kod yang membolehkan
manusia berkomunikasi dengan komputer.
5.1.2.1
5.1.2.2
5.1.2.3
Identify the generations under low-level of
programming languages with examples
Identify the generations under high-level of
programming languages with examples
Draw a hierarchy chart to classify the
generations for each level in programming
languages
P02
P05
P06
State, Give, What
Classify, Categorise,
Match
Identify, Match
41
5.1.3.1
Define structured approach in programming
P01
Define, State, Give,
What
STRUCTURED APPROACH IN PROGRAMMING
5.1.3.2
Define object-oriented approach in
programming
P01
Define, State, Give,
What
OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH IN PROGRAMMING
5.1.3.3
Differentiate between structured approach and
object-oriented approach in programming
P02
P05
P06
State, Give, What, List
Select
Differentiate, Identify
DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN STRUCTURED APPROACH AND OBJECT-ORIENTED APPROACH IN
PROGRAMMING
STRUCTURED APPROACH
42
5.1.4.1 Describe the translation method of programming

using assembler, interpreter and compiler
P01
P02
P05
P06
State, Give, What
Explain, State
Select, Match,
Differentiate
List, Identify, Match,
Describe
ASSEMBLER
INTERPRETER
COMPILER
43
5.1.5.1 Differentiate between constant and variables

P01
P05
What,
Differentiate, Classify,
Categorise, Match
CHARACTERISTICS
CONSTANTS
VARIABLES
USAGE
5.1.5.2 Differentiate between the data types: Boolean,
integer, double, string and date
P01
P05
What
Classify, Differentiate,
Categorise, Match
STRING
BOOLEAN
INTEGER
DATA TYPES
DOUBLE
EXAMPLES
5.1.5.3
P01
P03
P05
What
Identify, Write, What
Differentiate, Classify,
Categorise, Match
Differentiate between mathematical and logical
(Boolean) operators
MATHEMATICAL
LOGICAL (BOOLEAN)
44
Integer
Double
String
Boolean
5.2.1.1
Describe the five main phases in program
development
P02
P04
P05
Explain, List, State
Arrange, Complete,
Explain
Match, Describe
PHASES IN PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT
PROBLEM
ANALYSIS
PHASE
(Fasa Analisa Masalah)
A programmer reviews and defines the

problems.
Pengaturcara menilai dan menyatakan
masalah.
Identifies the data input, process and output for
the program
Mengenalpasti input, proses dan output untuk
program yang hendak dihasilkan.
the programmer will design a flow chart
Pengaturcara akan mereka carta alir.
PROGRAM
DESIGN PHASE
(Fasa Rekabentuk Program)
CODING
PHASE
(Fasa Pengekodan)
Once the flow chart is confirmed, the

programmer will perform coding
Bila carta alir telah disahka, pengaturcara akan
memulakan pengekodan.
Coding is the process of writing the solution
using the computer programming language.
Pengekodan ialah proses menulis penyelesaian
menggunakan bahasa pengaturcaraan.
Program will be tested by the users
Program akan diuji oleh pengguna.
If there are any errors, the programmer will do a
debugging of the program.
Jika ada masalah/ralat, pengaturcara akan
membaikinya.
the programmer will complete the
documentation for the program; this includes the
user manual, a clear layout of the input and
output records and a program listing.
Mengandungi manual pengguna
TESTING
AND DEBUGGING
PHASE
(Fasa Pengujian dan
Penyahpijat)
DOCUMENTATION
PHASE
(Fasa Dokumentasi)
45
LEARNING AREA 6 : INFORMATION SYSTEM

6.1.1.1 Define the meaning of :
Data
Information
Information system
P01
DATA
INFORMATION
INFORMATION SYSTEM
Information system is a set of a related components that collects data,
6.1.2.1 State the general usage of information
systems in various fields
P02
State, Give, List
EDUCATION
USAGE INFORMATION SYSTEMS / Kegunaan Sistem Maklumat
BUSINESS
MANAGEMENT
46
6.1.3.1 State the information system

components
6.1.3.2 Define each of the Information Systems
components
P02
P01
State, Give, List
COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS

COMPONENT
DATA
DESCRIPTION
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
PEOPLE
PROCEDURES
47
6.1.3.3 Describe the interrelation between

Information System components using a
diagram
P02
Define, Explain, Draw
THE INTERRELATION BETWEEN INFORMATION SYSTEM COMPONENTS
List five types of information systems
6.1.4.2 State the usage of each type
6.1.4.1
P01
P02
State, What
List, Give, State, What
P02
MANAGEMENT
INFORMATION SYSTEMS
(Sistem Maklumat
Pengurusan)
TRANSACTION
PROCESSING SYSTEMS
(Sistem Pemprosesan
Transaksi)
DECISION SUPPORT
SYSTEMS
(Sistem Berbantu
Keputusan)
EXECUTIVE
INFORMATION SYSTEM
(Sistem Maklumat
Eksekutif)
EXPERT SYSTEM
(Sistem Pakar)
48
6.1.5.1 Define the meaning of

Bit, byte, field, record, file
6.1.5.2 State the hierarchy of data
P01
P02
P04
State, Give, List
Label, Arrange, Draw, Complete
Bit
Byte
Field
Record
File
6.2.1.1 Define the meaning of database
P01
WHAT IS DATABASE ?
6.2.1.2 Define the meaning of database
management system
P01
WHAT IS DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (DBMS)?
49
6.2.1.3 List four main benefit of using DBMS

P02
LIST FOUR MAIN BENEFIT OF USING DBMS/ Kelebihan menggunakan DBMS
P02
State, What , Give, Match,
Complete, Label
6.2.2.1 State the relation between field, record
and file
FIELD
RECORD
FILE
.
50
6.2.2.2 Define the primary key and foreign key

P01
DEFINE THE PRIMARY KEY/Kekunci Primer
DEFINE FOREIGN KEY/Kekunci Asing
6.2.2.3 State the importance of the primary key
P02
Give, State, What
THE IMPORTANCE OF THE PRIMARY KEY
.
6.2.2.4 Differentiate between the primary key
and foreign key
P05
P06
Identify, State
Differentiate
GIVE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY KEY AND FOREIGN KEY
PRIMARY KEY
FOREIGN KEY
P02
State, Give, What
6.2.2.5 State the importance of relationship
THE IMPORTANCE OF RELATIONSHIP
51
6.3.1.1 Describe the phases of systems

development
P02
P04
Explain, Give, List, State, Name
DEVELOPMENT
PHASE
ANALYSIS PHASE
(Fasa Analisis)
DESCRIPTION
DESIGN PHASE
(Fasa rekabentuk)
IMPLEMENTATION
PHASE
(Fasa Pelaksanaan)
TESTING PHASE
(Fasa pengujian)
DOCUMENTATION
PHASE
(Fasa Dokumentasi)
MAINTENANCE
PHASE
(Fasa
Penyelenggaraan)
52

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LEARNING AREA 1 : ICT AND SOCIETY

Identify, Label, Match, State

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

1.1.2.1 List the usage of ICT in everyday life

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

1.1.2.2 State the differences between

Non Computerized System

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1.1.2.3 State the impact of ICT on society

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DEFINE COMPUTER CRIME

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1.2.1.3 State the need for intellectual property

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1.2.2.2 State authentication and

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

1.2.3.2 Describe the process of filtering

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1.2.4.1 Explain the need for Cyber Law

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1.3.2.1 Explain briefly the different

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1.3.3.2 Apply the correct security

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HUMAN ASPECTS / Aspek manusia

LEARNING AREA 2 : COMPUTER SYSTEM

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

2.1.1.3 Describe the information processing cycle

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

2.1.3.1 Explain the function of ASCII code

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2.2.1.1 Identify the input devices used for text,

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Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010

READ-ONLY MEMORY (ROM)

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DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STORAGE

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2.3.1.3 State the different interfaces of OS

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GRAPHICS EDITING / Peyunting Grafik

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2.3.4.1 Differentiate between proprietary and open

LEARNING AREA 3 : NETWORK AND COMMUNICATION

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3.1.3 Types of Networks

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3.1.4 Network Architecture / Senibina Rangkaian

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3.1.5.2 Differentiate between the three

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Electronic waves with

Infrared signals have

Omnidirectional - useful for

Ramadan, SMK Pekan 2010