Rajah 3.

1 menunjukkan sebuah kapal selam memancarkan gelombang ultrasonic ke

arah sebuah batu besar di dasar laut. Setelah beberapa ketika kapal selam itu
mengesan gelombang itu semula.

Diagram 3.1 shows a submarine transmitting ultrasonic waves directed at a big rock on
the sea bed. After sometime, the submarine detects the wave again.














Rajah 3.1

(a) Nyatakan fenomena gelombang yang berlaku.
State the wave phenomenon involved.

........................
[ 1 mark ]

(b) Terangkan mengapa kapal selam menggunakan gelombang ultrasonic dan bukan
gelombang bunyi?
Explain why the submarine used ultrasonic wave but not ordinary sound wave?

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................

...................................................................................................................................
[ 1 mark ]

(c) (i) Hitungkan jarak kapal selam daripada batu besar jika kapal selam mengesan
gelombang kedua selepas 1.5 saat.
[Halaju gelombang ultrasonik = 1560 ms
-1
]
Calculate the distance of the submarine from the big rock if the submarine
detects the second wave after 1.5 seconds.
[Velocity of ultrasonic wave = 1560 ms
-1
]






DIAGRAM 4.1



[ 2 marks ]
(ii) Rajah 3.2 menunjukkan bagaimana denyutan gelombang ultrasonik yang
dipancarkan dipaparkan pada skrin osiloskop sinar katod (OSK).
Diagram 3.2 shows how the pulses of the transmitted ultrasonic wave is
displayed on the screen of a cathode ray oscilloscope (CRO).


























Pada Rajah 3.2 lukiskan denyutan gelombang yang diterima oleh kapal selam
selepas 1.5 saat kemudian. Diberikan tapak masa OSK adalah 0.5 s/cm.
On diagram 3.2 draw the pulses of the wave received by the submarine after 1.5
seconds later. Given the time base of the CRO is 0.5 s/cm.

[ 2 marks ]













DIAGRAM 3.2
1. Antara rajah berikut , yang manakah menunjukkan corak gelombang air yang melalui
satu celahan sempit dengan betul ?
Which of the diagrams below shows the pattern of water waves which passes through a
small gap correctly ?




2. Rajah menunjukkan perambatan gelombang satah air.
The diagram shows the propagation of plane water waves.


Pilih jawapan yang benar.
Choose the correct answer.

A v
1
= v
2
B v
1
> v
2
C v
1
< v
2



deep area
kawasan dalam
v
1

V
2
shallow area
kawasan cetek


3. Rajah menunjukkan gelombang radio diterima oleh sebuah rumah di kaki bukit .
Diagram shows radio waves are received at a house at the bottom of a hill .

Rajah
Rumah yang berada di seberang bukit dapat menerima gelombang radio kerana
gelombang radio boleh
The house at the opposite side of the hill can receive the radio wave because the waves
can be
A. Dibelau
Diffracted
B. Diradiasi
Radiated
C. Dipantul
Reflected
D. Dibias
Refraction

4. Rajah menunjukkan sinar cahaya yang ditujukan ke arah cermin.
A ray of light is approaching a set of three mirrors as shown in the diagram.





Berapa kali kah sinar cahaya itu di pantulkan ?
How many times will the ray be reflected before it exits?

A 1
B 2
C 3
D 4

5. Gambar rajah menunjukkan muka gelombang merambat menuju pantai dari laut.
Adalah diperhatikan laut lebih tenang di teluk berbanding di tanjung.
The diagram shows wave fronts that move towards the beach from the sea. It is
observed that the sea is calmer at the bay than at the cape.


Fenomena yang kelihatan dalam gambar rajah ialah
The phenomenom seen in diagram is


A interference
interferens

B reflection
Pantulan

C diffraction
belauan

D refraction
biasan




6.

Cahaya monokromatik ditujukan ke arah dua celahan , S
1
dan S
2.
Jarak di antara dua
celah itu ialah 4.0 x 10
6
m . Jarak di antara celah dan skrin ialah 1 m. Jarak di antara
setiap pinggir cerah yang berturutan ( A, B dan C ) ialah 0.17 m
Monochromatic light in incident on a pair of slits, S
1
and S
2
that are separated by 4.0
x 10
- 6
metres on a screen 1 metre away . Each bright fringe (A, B, and C) is separated
from its neighbour by 0.17 metres.




A B C
Hitung panjang gelombang sinar cahaya tuju.
Calculate the wavelength of the incident light.
tanjung
laut

pantai

teluk


A 170 nm
B 340 nm
C 510 nm
D 680 nm