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The unit in procedural programming is function, while object-oriented programming concentrates on creating classes. Encapsulation - it is the wrapping of data and associated functions in one single unit. Polymorphism - the ability for data to be processed in more than one form.
The unit in procedural programming is function, while object-oriented programming concentrates on creating classes. Encapsulation - it is the wrapping of data and associated functions in one single unit. Polymorphism - the ability for data to be processed in more than one form.
The unit in procedural programming is function, while object-oriented programming concentrates on creating classes. Encapsulation - it is the wrapping of data and associated functions in one single unit. Polymorphism - the ability for data to be processed in more than one form.
The unit in procedural programming is function, and
unit in object-oriented programming is class
Procedural programming concentrates on creating functions, while object-oriented programming starts from isolating the classes, and then look for the methods inside them. Procedural programming separates the data of the program from the operations that manipulate the data, while object-oriented programming focus on both of them figure1: procedural figure2: object-oriented Data What
How
Why 1. Encapsulation it is the wrapping of data and associated functions in one single unit. 2. Data Hiding- it is a related concept of data abstraction. Unessential features are hidden from the world. 3. Abstraction it is the act of representing the essential features without including the background details. 4. Inheritance it is the capability of one class to inherit properties from other class. 5. Polymorphism it is the ability for data to be processed in more than one form. Data Encapsulation It is the Class Definition is called Encapsulation as it will have data and methods associated as a single unit. Data Hiding- A class groups its members into three sections: private, protected and public. The private and protected members remain hidden from outside world. Thus through private and protected members , a class implements data-hiding. Abstraction- The outside world is given only the essential and necessary information through public members, mainly with help of public methods, these methods implementation is abstracted to outer world and they are exposed with simple to use application interfaces, which is nothing but abstraction. As abstraction means representation of essential features without including the background details. Inheritance Derive a new class (subclass) from an existing class (base class or superclass). Inheritance creates a hierarchy of related classes (types) which share code and interface.Its for reusability Polymorphism Single entity behaving in different forms is called as polymorphism- Compile time and run time polymorphism.
Class represents structural and behavioral representation of an object. Class refers to a blueprint. It defines the variables and methods the objects support Object is an instance of a class. Each object has a class which defines its data and behavior In old style programming, you had: data, which was completely passive functions, which could manipulate any data An object contains both data and methods that manipulate that data An object is active, not passive; it does things An object is responsible for its own data But: it can expose that data to other objects An object contains both data and methods that manipulate that data The data represent the state of the object Data can also describe the relationships between this object and other objects Example: A Person Class might have An Address (it self is another class) An BankAccount (it self is another class)
class Person { private: char *name; int Age; int DoByear; public: Person(char* pname, int age, int DoByear); void GetPersonDetails(); void DisplayPersonDetails(); void PrintPersonDetails(char *PrinterName);
}; int main() { Person p1("James, 13, 2000);// using constructor Person p2; p2.GetPersonDetails();// this will prompt the user to enter person details p2.name = Jack;// ERROR, its private p2.PrintPersonDetails(Hp Printer123); } Access control modifiers private: private members are accessible only in the class itself protected: protected members are accessible in the class itself and in Derived/subclasses of the class public: public members are accessible anywhere the class is accessible Father is an IPS IPS is of his self owned like private, he can only use that power He has 10 Lakhs property which will be inherited to his child, is like a protected property which child also enjoys He is good in Mathematics and he can share with any one (public) along with his child 13 logo american express hologram card owners name inherits from (isa) visa card master card pin category class Employee: Person { int EmpID; Int DeptID; double salary; void getEmpDetails() { ...} void pay () { ...} void PrintEmployee(); } Every Employee has a name, age, DoBYear as well as EmpID,DeptID, salary and a getEmpDetails, pay method.
class Student: Person { int RollNo; Int DeptID; int Subjects[10]; int Marks[10]; void getStudentDetails() { ...} void getStudentMarks(){} void calculateGrade() {} void resetmarks(int subject); void resetmarks(int subjects[]);
} Every Student has a name, age, DoBYear as well as RollNo, Marks,Grade and a other methods.
1. Re Use of code- In OOP objects allows related objects to share code. Encapsulation allows class definitions to be re-used in other applications. 2. Ease of Comprehension The classes can be set up to closely represent the generic application concepts and processes. OOP codes are more near to real-world models than other programming methodologist's codes. 3. Ease of fabrication and maintenance The concepts such as encapsulation data abstraction allow for very clean designs. 4. Easy redesign and extension The same concepts facilitate easy redesign and extension. User Interface Web page Facebook Abstraction Business Layer Database connection Database Database Database