THE MEASUREMENT OF LIGHT 5-9

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FOOTBALL
LOCATION OF
TEST STATIONS
BASEBALL
FIG. 5-4. Location of illumination measurement stations on football and baseball
playing fields.
3. Check the milliammeter reading on the illuminometer frequently to
ensure proper calibration. More consistent readings are obtained at the
expense of frequent battery replacements if the comparison lamp is on
throughout the test.
4. When readings have been completed recheck those at the first station.
Calculated footcandles. The calculated footcandles for a given installa-
tion are based upon the results of photometric tests of individual units
which are accurate within plus or minus 2 per cent for the ideal conditions
of the photometric laboratory. These results apply to an absolutely clean
average reflector and are made under controlled conditions with new lamps
selected and standardized for their rated lumen output. The lamps are
operated at exactly the correct voltage to produce the rated lumen out-
put. Despite proper application of Utilization and depreciation factors in
the computation, it is' not possible to predict the resultant illumination
produced in the actual installation with equal accuracy in every case
because of uncontrollable variables encountered in the field.
A number of more or less portable photometric devices have been de-
veloped for use in the field. These must be expected to suffer the ills to
which most portable devices are susceptible and therefore for reliable re-
sults must be transported and used carefully, and calibrated frequently.
Portable photoelectric photometers
The convenience and portability of photoelectric devices such as shown
in Fig. 5-5 have given them preference over the visual illuminometers for
lighting survey work. However, devices which utilize photoelectric cells
are very likely to vary in sensitivity and may not have spectral response
characteristics similar to those of the human eye. These and other char-
acteristics are the cause of a number of errors.
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Spectral sensitivity curve. Representative characteristics of several dif-