DAYLIGHTING 9-5

30~SLOF
eo" slope 12 FT
over that which might be expected with low -reflectance surfaces. The
amount of increase depends upon window area, room dimensions, wall and
ceiling reflectances, and ground brightness. To coat the exterior of the
saw-tooth roof and vertical walls of courts or of adjacent buildings with a
high-reflectance material will increase the daylight illumination also.
Roof Windows
A building can be too wide to
obtain adequate daylight illumi-
nation through side-wall windows
alone. Roof windows may be
used to increase the daylight il-
lumination in the center of the
structure. Roof windows are of
three general types:
(1)
vertical
or sloping in monitors;
(2)
verti-
cal or sloping in saw teeth;
(3)
skylights.
Figure 9-5 represents a building
100 feet wide with windows in the
side walls 12 feet high. On the
roof of this building are shown:
(1)
a monitor with 6-foot vertical
windows;
(2)
a monitor with
6-
foot windows on a 30-degree
slope;
(3)
6-foot skylights on a
60-degree slope.
Notice that the glass area is the
same in all three, and that each
45
(3 40
_l
a
^
35
f?
30
Z
25
O
\
SKY BRIGHTNESS: 980 FOOTLAM&ZRTS
/
_1 CLEAN WINDOW TRANCEITTANCE: 0.64 L_
\
MAINTENANCE FACTOR : 05(VERTICAL)(
\ 0.25 (30*SLOPE) 0.13(80 SLOPE) I
J
VERTICAL
i
r
1
N^,
. 30
SLOPE
P
\ /
Vf
^60 SLOPE
1
i
10
10 20 30 40 50 40 30 20 10
DISTANCE FROM WALLS IN FEET
FIG. 9-5. Effect of monitor design on
daylight illumination at various points on
a horizontal plane at sill height, in a 100-
foot-wide rectangular building with a 100-
footdong series of windows (12 feet high)
in each of two opposing walls (neglecting
interreflections)
."
glass area is so located as to provide the best daylight illumination of which
it is capable. The curves show the footcandles transmitted to the hori-
zontal reference plane by each of these three roof designs added to those
transmitted by the side-wall windows.
Monitor design. As a general rule, the best daylighting can be secured
through vertical windows in a monitor half as wide as the building. A
monitor should be no higher than half its width, and should be at least
twice as wide as its window height. When the width of a monitor is less
than twice the height of its windows, light transmitted by the upper panes
will be cut off by the roof line.
Increasing the height of a monitor, whether it be wide or narrow, in-
creases the minimum illumination faster than it does the maximum and thus
helps to secure uniformity. Occasionally, sloping glass in a wide monitor
results in a greater proportionate increase in the minimum illumination
level in a building than in the maximum. Whether the windows are
vertical or sloping, an increase in their glass area always results in an in-
crease in the minimum illumination.