BIG IDEA 4

4.1 The student is able to interpret the results of an experiment regarding the factors of temperature,
concentration, and surface.
What occurs when temperature, concentration, and surface area are increased in a reaction?
ANSWER: The rate of the reaction increases.
4.2 The student is able to analyze concentration vs. time data to determine the rate law of a reaction.
What is the rate law based on the experimental data?
Experiment [A] (M) [B] (M) Initial Rate
1 0.20 0.10 3x10^-2
2 0.20 0.20 6x10^-2
3 0.40 0.20 6x10^-2

ANSWER : Rate=k[B]
4.3 The student is able to connect the half-life of a reaction to the constant of a first-order reaction.
Molecular iodine dissociates at 625K with the first-order rate constant of 0.271 s^-1. What is the
half-life of this reaction? (Half-life=0.693/k)
ANSWER: 2.56 seconds
4.4 The student is able to connect the rate law of a reaction to the frequency and success of molecular
collisions.
What is needed in order for a reaction to occur?
1) Reactant particles must collide.
2) Reactant particles must collide with the right orientation.
3) Reactant particles must collide with sufficient energy (to overcome activation energy).
A. only 1
B. 1 and 2
C. 1 and 3
D. 1, 2, and 3
ANSWER: D
4.5 The student is able to explain the difference between collisions that convert reactants to products
and those that do not in terms of energy distribution and molecular orientation.
As temperature rises, what occurs in a thermal energy distribution graph?
ANSWER: The fraction of molecules with enough energy to surpass the activation energy barrier
also increases. The graph also widens.
4.6 The student is able to use representations of the energy profile for reactions to make predictions.
Use the Arrhenius equation: k=frequency factor x e^(activation energy/RT)
4.7 The student is able to evaluate alternative explanations using mechanisms to determine data that
can be used to identify an intermediate.
A + B C + D
A + C D + E
What is the intermediate in the reaction above?
ANSWER: C

4.8 The student can translate energy, particulate, and symbolic representations occurring in the
presence of a catalyst.
What is a catalyst?
ANSWER: A catalyst is a substance that increases the rate of a reaction without being used in the
reaction. They do not appear in the balanced equation.
4.9 The student is able to explain changes in reaction rates arising from enzyme catalysts.
What is an enzyme?
ANSWER: An enzyme is a biological catalyst that increase the rate of biochemical reactions.