Letter Writing

Dr. Mbanefo S. Ogene

Department of English Language and Literature
Nnamdi Azikiwe ni!ersit"# Awka
$ntrodu%tion
What is Letter Writing&
The word letter is defined by the O'ford Ad!an%ed Learner(s
Di%tionar" as, a message that is written down or printed on paper and
usually put in an envelope and sent to somebody (679! "ategori#ally,
letters are broadly divided into the formal and informal types! $nside
this #ategories are% business letter&letter of appre#iation, letter of
#omplaint&sympathy, intera#tive letter and introspe#tive letter! 'ut of
these #ategories, the business letter, letter of #omplaint (e!g! petitions
and protests, letter of sympathy or #ommiseration, (uery, warning and
memoranda are #lassed under the formal letter, while others li)e the
letter of appre#iation, sympathy letter, intera#tive and introspe#tive
letters fall into the semi*formal and informal&friendly letters!
+riting on the other hand is a noun depi#ting the a#tivity of writing,
as #ontrasted to reading or spea)ing! +hile some people ma)e out a
living out of writing ,ob, others engage in writing as either #reative, essay
or letter writing!
-ssentially, every s#holar should be prepared to write one )ind of
letter or the other some time in life! $t may be a letter of appli#ation for
employment, a letter of petition over an in,usti#e (li)e the #ase of missing
s#ript after an undergraduate e.amination, friendly&intera#tive letters,
et#! The primary #on#ern of su#h a letter writer is that there is message
to be #onveyed! This message may or may not always be put in an
envelope but must be sent to somebody, as some letters are sent
through the -*mail, /a. or 010 (popularly )nown as te.t message!
1
$t is the duty of every s#holar to learn as mu#h as possible the different
aspe#ts of letter writing and put them to pra#ti#e so as to perfe#t in this
aspe#t of life! 2etter writing belongs to the written aspe#t of -nglish
language and should not be mista)en with the spo)en -nglish! 3 good
spea)er may fall short of e.pe#tations in the area of letter writing as
spee#h involves the use of a#ousti# sounds, while letter writing ma)es
use of the written symbols!
)he *ormal Letter
'ffi#ial letter is another name for the formal letter! This type of letter is
generally )nown as offi#ial letter be#ause it is addressed to offi#es! Two
types of power that e.ists are% (i those vested in an offi#e, and (ii those
vested in a person! 'ffi#ial letters are therefore formal in nature, (i!e!
suitable for offi#ial or important o##asions and have suitable manner of
appearan#e different from the informal letters! 0ome features of the
formal letters are%
(i They start with the writers address
(ii 3 date of writing the letter is always in#luded
(iii There are the addressees address and referen#e number (where
ne#essary atta#hed to the letter
(iv The letter must open with a formal salutation li)e 4ear 0ir, 4ear
5rofessor&"hief&4r6, et#!
(v The topi# of letter is usually in#luded
(vi The formal letter must #ontain body paragraphs, whi#h dis#uss the
sub,e#t matter of the letter
(vii "on#lusion and a formal greeting to mar) the #losure!
(viii $ndi#ation of en#losure, atta#hments, #ir#ular #opies, under fly
servi#e (u!f!s et# go with some types of formal letters!
2
3 format of an offi#ial&formal letter is shown below%
(i Type 3 (without letter 7 headed paper%
'pen address without pun#tuation
+hen an offi#ial letter is written in an offi#ial letter headed paper, su#h
feature as the writers address is no longer ne#essary as the letter
headed paper bears su#h an address! This is usually appli#able to a
letter written from one establishment or institution to another or to an
employee! 1ost often su#h letter with letter headed paper ma)es a room
for referen#ing! -!g! 'ur 8ef%66666666 and 9our
8ef66666666! This referen#ing aids the filing and do#umentation
of su#h a #orresponden#e!
3
4epartment of -nglish 2anguage and 2iterature
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
=> '#tober ?>>@
The 1anaging 4ire#tor
3nambra Aroad#asting 0ervi#e
5 1 A B>7>
3w)a
4ear 0ir
3ppli#ation for +or) as an -ditor in your -stablishment
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * *- - - -- - - - - * * ** * * ** * * *** * * * * * ** * ** ** *** * ** ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** *
* ** ** * * * ** * ** * * * *** * ** ** * ** ** * ** ** ** ** * * * * ** *** *** * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
9ours faithfully
(0ign
:ame (with title if any
La"out of an Offi%ial+*ormal Letter
(ii Type A (+ith 2etter*Ceaded paper% 5un#tuated address
,O-AL N$.E, /E,$)A.E 0OM1AN-#
2$LOME),E 3 ON$)S/A4EN. E51,ESS ,OAD#
1.O. 6O5 78# O.$D$.
43T-% DD :'E-1A-8, ?>>@!
'ur 8ef%
9our 8ef%
The 1anager&"hief -.e#utive 'ffi#er,
$nter#ontinental Aan) 5l#!,
'nitsha!
4ear 0ir,
Opening a 0urrent A%%ount with -our 6ank
* * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
** * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * *** * * * * * * * * * *
*
9ours faithfully,
(0ign
:+'F-4$, Gohn :!
Notes
(a $ndention+6lo%k *orm Address
This fashion is differentiated in the format of writing an address! The
indented type of address is slanted from left to right and appears in the
following manner%
4
4epartment of -nglish 2anguage and 2iterature
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
=> '#tober ?>>@
/or the Alo#) /orm, the address goes this way%
4epartment of -nglish 2anguage and 2iterature
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
=> '#tober ?>>@
(b 0onsisten%" in 1un%tuation
$f the letter writer #hooses to use an open address method, the
method must be observed from the beginning to the end and should
e(ually be e.tended to both the addressers and the addressees
address! "ommas, full stops, hyphen, et# use is normally in the
pun#tuated address, but this is not appli#able to the open one!
(# Dates 9da"# month# "ear positions:
There are different methods of writing dates in any formal and
informal letter! <sually, the date of writing a letter is pla#ed under the
addressers address (i!e! the address of the person writing the letter! $t
is advisable not to use the hyphens or the stro)es to indi#ate the day,
month and year of writing! $t is better to fully write down the date of
writing an offi#ial letter as in the #ases below%
-!g! (i 4e#ember DH, ?>>@
(ii DH 4e#ember ?>>@
(iii DHth 4e#ember, ?>>@
5
$n the #ase of pun#tuated address, numbers (i and (iii are more
suitable, while the (ii is better used in an open address letter!
(4 Salutation of Dignitaries+*ormal opening
The usual way to start off a formal letter is to start with the
0alutation&/ormal opening greeting of 4ear 0ir for men and 4ear
1adam for women! 0ome s#holars have however e.pressed
sentiments on this old use of 4ear 0ir or 4ear 1adam as it sounds
more li)e #li#hI, but rather suggest the use of the persons surname
with the salutation! -!g! 4ear 4r 'puta, instead of 4ear 0ir, and 4ear
1rs! 3l)ali, instead of 4ear 1adam, et#! (-yisi% D77! 'ther varieties of
salutations of letter to dignitaries are as listed below%
4esignation 'ffi#ial 0alutation 0o#ial 0alutation
5resident 1r! 5resident 4ear 1r!&3lha,i&4r J (surname
Kovernor
"abinet 1inister&3mbassador
9our -.#ellen#y
0ir
4ear 1r&3lha,i&4r J (surname
4ear 1r&3lha,i&4r J (surname
"ardinal 1y 2ord "ardinal 4ear "ardinal J (surname
3r#hbishop 1y 2ord Aishop 4ear 2ord 3r#hbishop
1y dear 2ord 3r#hbishop
Aishop 1y 2ord Aishop
1y 2ord
1y dear 2ord Aishop
1y 2ord Aishop, 4ear Aishop
"anon 8everend 0ir 4ear "anon J (surname
5rofessor 4ear 0ir 4ear 5rofessor J (surname
0enior 3rmy 0ir 4ear Keneral J (surname
:aval&3ir /or#e 'ffi#er 4ear 0ir (surname 4ear "olonel J (surname
Gudge 1y 2ord 4ear Gusti#e J (surname
1agistrate 9our +orship 4ear 1r&3lha,i&4r! J (surname
0pea)er Conourable 4ear 1r&3lha,i&4r! J (surname
Some )ips On A .ood Offi%ial Letter
3 good offi#ial letter must be dire#t to the point and should easily
pass a#ross the message that is needed to be #onveyed! 0ome
6
e.pressions used in offi#ial letters have so mu#h been used that they
now #onstitute #li#hIs! 0u#h statements li)e $n a#)nowledgement of the
re#eipt of your letter 6 , -n#losed please find the items listed 6 ,
3tta#hed please find , +ith referen#e to your letter of D9 :ovember ,
et# are not only out of use, but also ambiguous! They should be modified
to possess the same, dire#t and straight*forward standards!
)he se of A%ti!e+1assi!e ;oi%e
$n a formal letter, a#tive voi#e is preferable to the passive
voi#e, be#ause, the a#tive voi#e fa#ilitates in the dire#t, simple and easy
to #omprehend #ommuni#ation! -!g!
Da :o appli#ant has been #onsidered L 5assive
Db The establishment has not #onsidered any appli#ant L 3#tive
?a There is the need to #onsider L 5assive
?b The establishment want&we would li)e to L 3#tive
0omplimentar" 0lose+Subs%ription
3s #ourtesy demands, a letter that started with salutation should
logi#ally end with a #omplimentary #lose&subs#ription, similar to the
nature of the opening salutation! The more universal form of
#omplimentary #lose is 9ours faithfully! 5ersonali;ed salutations however
#lose with informal #omplimentary, e!g!% Dear Dr Eseigbe# #loses with
-ours sin%erel".
sing the 6lo%k St"le+0omplimentar" 0lose in A Letter
7
The blo#) style as the name implies appear in a straight linear standard
in a letter! The format of the letter is su#h that the address, the body and
#losure form the blo#)! -!g!%
DH 8everend 1arthins Call
3mbrose 3lli <niversity
-)poma 7 :igeria
?> :ovember ?>>9
The Ei#e "han#ellor
3mbrose 3lli <niversity
-)poma 7 :igeria
4ear 0ir
$nformation on )hreat b" a Student
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * ** * * * * * * * * *
9ours faithfully
(signature
:ame
)he $ndentation St"led Letter
There are different types of the indentation styled letter! They in#lude
the one that has the blo#) address format, with either pun#tuations or no
pun#tuations! The salutation of this indented style usually ends with
a #omma, while the topi#&#aption of the letter is pla#ed at the
#entre! The body is indented, while the #omplimentary #lose ta)es the
#entre or the right hand edge of the letter! -.amples%
8
D! 1ale Call =,
/ederal 0#hool of 3rts and 0#ien#e,
'go,a,
"ross 8iver 0tate!
?6 1ar#h, D99@!
The 1edi#al 4ire#tor,
/ederal Cealth "entre,
-nugu 0tate!
4ear 4r! 3dimma,
0ases of 0hi%ken 1o' $nfe%tion in Male /ostels
6666666666666666666666666666666666
!66666666666666666666666!6666666666666!!
6666666666666666666666666666666666666
6666666666666666666666666666666666
666!666666666666666666666666666666666!!
66!6666666666666666666666666666666666!!
666666666666666666666666666666666!!
6666666666666666666666666666666666666!
6666666666666666666666666666666666!
6666666666666666666666666666666666666!
6666666666666666666666666666666666666!
6666666666666666666666666666666666
6666666666666666666666666666666666666
6666666666666666666666666666666666666
9ours sin#erely,
(0ignature
-remi, :)anu (1r!
?! 4epartment of -nglish 2anguage and 2iterature,
<niversity of Aenin,
9
Aenin 7 "ity!
DB Ganuary, ?>>?!
The 4ire#tor,
0#hool of 5ostgraduate 0tudies,
<niversity of Aenin,
Aenin 7 "ity!
4ear 0ir,
Deferment of Admission
66666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666666
6!666666666666666666666666666666
66!
66666666666666666666666666666!
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666
9ours faithfully,
(signature
:ame,
Notes% The format used in number D is very old and out of use! $t is not
therefore wel#omed in writing letters in the modern times!
The se#ond one however, though outdated is still used in some
(uarters! $t is pertinent to note that all the #omplimentary #lose& the
subs#riptions do not use the apostrophe before s i!e! 9ours faithfully is
wrong, but 9ours faithfully is right!
1ra%ti%ing the Art of Writing
10
There are no better ways of improving in any aspe#t of letter writing,
e.#ept by putting into pra#ti#e what one has learnt! -very good writer
should not under 7 estimate the importan#e of good topi% senten%e in
all offi#ial letters! This topi# senten#e gives a ready made pi#ture of what
a writer sets out to do in the bod" paragraphs of the offi#ial letter! The
topi% senten%e should therefore be apt, dire#t and strong enough to
#onvey the abridged form of the idea that the writer intends should be
#learly written, logi#al and without unne#essary ambiguities! 3 good
offi#ial letter should strive to be devoid of grammati#al errors!
To aid your study, the following offi#ial letters are arti#ulated as
your guides!
Appli%ation for an nad!ertised ;a%an%"
:ote that a ,ob va#an#y that was not advertised in a newspaper, noti#e
board or ele#troni# media does not ma)e referen#e, but goes dire#t to
the point!
-.ample $%
5!'! Ao. 6?@H
3liade
Aenue 0tate
D7 /ebruary ?>>@
The 8e#tor
Aenue 0tate 5olyte#hni#
<gbo)olo
4ear 0ir
Appli%ation for Emplo"ment as a 0leri%al Offi%er in "our $nstitution
$ wish to apply for wor) as a "leri#al 'ffi#er in the Aenue state
5olyte#hni#, <gbo)olo!
11
1y :ational 4iploma programme was #ompleted in the /ederal
5olyte#hni#, ')o 3nambra 0tate in ?>>H, after my +30"&K"- 0#hool
"ertifi#ate was obtained in the year ?>>>!
5hoto#opies of my #ertifi#ate and curriculum vitae are hereby atta#hed
to this appli#ation for further information! $t will please me if $ am invited
to #ome for an interview on a date that is #onvenient to you, if my
appli#ation is a##eptable to you!
9ours faithfully,
(signature
<nyi $)pe
Appli%ation for an Ad!ertised ;a%an%"
3 ,ob va#an#y that was advertised in a newspaper, noti#e board or
ele#troni# media usually goes with a referen#e!
-.ample ?%
1er#ury 5rinting 5ress 2imited
DD7 -nugu *'nitsha 8oad
3w)a
D9 3pril ?>>6
The Keneral 1anager
Kovernment 5rinting 5ress
Kovernment Couse 3w)a
4ear 0ir
Appli%ation for the 1ost of Stores Manager
9our advertisement in the Dail" Sun of D? 3pril refers, $ write to apply for
the post of stores manager in your establishment!
$ have had four 7 years e.perien#e as a stores manager in the afore 7
mentioned establishment, after si. years of servi#e in the #ommer#ial
12
division of the same establishment! 1y personal interest in store )eeping
and management has enabled me to go for three months training
organi;ed by the 2ondon s#hool of stores management in 2ondon in
?>>=! $ have no doubt that $ will be of immense benefit to your
establishment if given the opportunity to serve!
1y curriculum vitae is hereby en#losed to this letter and $ shall be happy
to #ome to your offi#e for interview as soon as it is #onvenient to you!
9ours faithfully
(signature
1rs! :nena 'bioma
'utside the letters of appli#ation, other types of formal letters in#lude
letters of promotion, letters of #ommendation, #ommiseration, (ueries
and replies to (ueries, #ourtesy #alls, permission, leave of absen#e,
petitions, warning, offi#ial reports, et#!
*ormat for 0urri%ulum ;itae
3 formal letter may sometimes need the curriculum vitae to
a##ompany it! The term curriculum vitae is a 2atin word for brief written
do#uments or a##ount of ones past life re#ords usually used when
applying for a ,ob! The 3meri#an -nglish refers to this as resume!
0i. ma,or parts have been identified in this term! They in#lude (i
personal data (ii edu#ation and (ualifi#ations (iii e.perien#e (iv
publi#ations (if any (v e.tra*#urri#ulum a#tivities (vi referen#es!
Cere is an e.ample%
0urri%ulum ;itae
i 1ersonal Data
13
:ame 1r! <#he 3goyim
4ate and 5la#e of Airth >D :ovember D969M 3w)a
0e. 1ale
1arital 0tatus 0ingle
5ermanent Come 3ddress 3goyims "ompound,
5! '! Ao. @ $)arre*-)iti
:ationality :igerian
0tate of 'rigin 'sun
2o#al Kovernment 3rea -)iti 0outh
ii Edu%ation and <ualifi%ation
Fenneth 4i)e 1emorial Cigh D9@?*D9@@
0#hool 3w)a (+30"&K"-
3mbrose 3lli <niversity -.poma (A3 1usi# D9@9*D99=
<niversity of :igeria, :su))a (13 1usi# D99H*D996
iii Work E'perien%e
2aboratory Te#hnologist, +isdom Cospital, 2agos D9@@*D9@9
iv 1ubli%ation 9if an":
Blacks Unlimited (:ovel, $badan% 0pe#trum Aoo)s, D997
v E'tra40urri%ular a%ti!ities
0wimming
N
lawn tennis
N
reading
N
singing
vi ,eferees
4r -rnest $fedi
4ire#tor, 0#hool of 1edi#al 0#ien#es
<niversity of $badan
14
"hief Klanson ')afor
1anaging 4ire#tor, Klanson 2aboratory $n# 3w)a
1r! Kodwin ';ougwu
0enior 2e#turer, 4epartment of 5hysi#s
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity, 3w)a
N Note= +hen an offi#ial letter is a##ompanied by curriculum vitae,
the writer normally indi#ates this by stating that the curriculum vitae is
en#losed in the letter!
E'er%ises
D! 9ou have ,ust read an advertisement in a :ational 4aily over the
e.isten#e of va#an#y in a reputable media house on -ditorial staff
employment! +rite a reply to this letter and use the following
address%
The 1anaging 4ire#tor
0)y power 8adio Aroad#asting "orporation
5! 1! A! ?HBB
3bu,a
?! 9ou have noti#ed that your name and result did not appear in the
,ust published first semester result and the le#turer #on#erned in
tea#hing and mar)ing the #ourse has as)ed you to write your
#omplaints to him! +rite this #omplaint stating your problems on
paper!
Sample Answer
15
4epartment of -nglish 2anguage and
2iterature
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
?B :ovember ?>>@
4r 0! 1! $gbo)we
4epartment of 0tatisti#s
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
4ear 4r! $gbo)we
,e= 0omplaint O!er the npublishing of M" ,esult on Stat >??=
Statisti%s of Language and ,e@uest to 1ublish the ,esult
8e#all my earlier #omplaints to you over the unpublishing of my result on
0tat ?DD% 0tatisti#s of 2anguage, after the first 0emester ?>>7&?>>@
e.amination result were published in our department!
3s you dire#ted, this letter is to inform you of my predi#ament and
an.iety over this matter and e(ually re(uest you to publish my result
soon!
$ am very sure that $ sat for the e.amination and e(ually signed and
registered my name in the attendan#e register during the e.amination!
The e.amination was invigilated by 4r 1!1! <demba of the 0tatisti#s
department as well as 1rs! C! $wuo;o of the -nglish 4epartment!
16
The following ?>> level students of my department who too) the
e.amination with me as an ele#tive #an bear me witness that $ submitted
my answer boo)let at the end of the e.amination 7 ')ey <;o, :ne)a
')enwa and <)oma 'bi who sat ne.t to me!
"onsidering the fa#t that my #olleagues who too) the e.amination with
me have seen their results, may you )indly release my own to enable me
)now my a#ademi# standing in the ,ust #on#luded session!
9ours faithfully,
(0ign
:go;i 3nyaora
(8eg! :o!
=! 9ou are the 0e#retary to the 1anager, "entral Aan) of :igeria and
your 1anager wants to go on a one day sensiti;ation visit to all the
bran#hes of "entral Aan) on a spe#ified date (e!g! ?= 3ugust
?>>9, write an offi#ial letter informing the Aran#h 1anagers of this
s#heduled visit!
H! +rite a letter of #ommiseration to a member of your #hur#h who is
bereaved of the mother!
)he $nformal Letter
3s its name implies, the informal letter does not appear with all the
basi# #omponents of the formal letter! 0u#h letters as those
written to friends, relations and mates #onstitute what are )nown as
the informal letter! 3 good informal letter should however be able to
#onvin#e the reader, avoid unne#essary repetition, maintain a##ura#y
and be #areful of the #hoi#e of words used in #onstru#ting the letter!
17
Cumour should arise naturally from the sub,e#t matter of an informal
letter, while #li#hIs and ha#)neyed phrases should be avoided! The lay*
out of an informal letter is as shown below%
5re*0#ien#e 5rogramme
:namdi 3;i)iwe <niversity
3w)a
D? 4e#ember ?>>@
1y dear :)oli,
66666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666!
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666666666666
66666666666666666666666!!
9ours ever,
$)enna
$n writing an informal letter, the writer should note that the use of
my (pronoun indi#ates the level of intima#y and deeper relationship
between the writer of the letter and the person to whom the letter is
written! 0in#e the informal letters are written for those who are familiar,
the use of surname is not always ne#essary, but the writer uses the first
or pet names li)e% Goe, Fi;y, Coney, 0ugar, 4andy, et# to #lose the letter!
The body of the informal letter #an also go with informal language,
slang, ,o)es and #reoles, where the parties understand themselves!
18
There is no limit to the length of an informal letter and informalities li)e
how is mummy, daddy and the little puppy are e(ually allowed!
E'er%ise
D! 9our friend in another university has ,ust written a letter to as) of
your progress in your edu#ational #areer in the university, write a
reply to this letter informing him of your progress so far!
Answer
8oom D@A
:namdi 3;i)iwe Call
<niversity of 5ort Car#ourt
8ivers 0tate
D6 :ovember ?>>@
1y dear "hioma,
Kood day and greetings from the garden #ity! Cow are you and
your entire friends in the <niversity of 2agos getting on with lifeO
9our letter of => '#tober was warmly re#eived with high regards
and deep appre#iation! Cow thoughtful and )ind of you to have written
me first and as) of my progress in my edu#ational #areer in this
<niversity!
$ still re#all your last words to me that /riday morning when we
parted ways and the en#ouragement to me to toil without #easing!
That pie#e of advi#e has served as my wat#hword and guiding prin#iple!
Aeing one of the first fresh students to arrive in the hostel, $ too) the lead
19
by wor)ing hard to ,ustify the fees paid by daddy and mummy to ma)e
me somebody!
3t present we have gone far into the first semester of my one
hundred level! The assignments and (ui;;es form part of our #ontinuous
assessment and they #ome very often! "hi, $ wish you are around to
en#ourage me at this stage of life! That novel whi#h $ started writing in
my final year in the /ederal Kovernment "ollege has been #ompleted
and will soon be published! 8emember me in your prayers!
The semester is very short and $ intend to spend the holidays in
3bu,a after the first semester e.aminations! $ hope to be at the village
briefly before the se#ond semester starts! 1eanwhile, e.tend my
warmest greetings to your dad, mum, sisters and brothers!
Than)s for the beautiful #ard and the sentiments e.pressed there!
$n the words of $di 3min, $ will soon retaliate! 1y prayer for you is that
Kod should help you to maintain that #hildhood inno#en#e with whi#h $
)now you! <ntil we meet again, bye and Kods gra#e!
2ove from,
Tonia!
?! +rite a letter to your friend informing him of your readiness to
leave for the :ational 9outh 0ervi#e "orps ne.t month!
WO,2S 0$)ED
20
3)a, 0!1!'! Model Essays and Letter. $badan% 0!1!' 3)a P Arothers
2td, D997!
3nasiudu, A!:! in 'lui)pe, Aenson 'menihu (ed! The Use of English.
'intsha% 3fri#ana 7 /ep publishers 2imited, D9@B!
-nyiyere, 4!'! Essay and Letter Writing Made Easy. $badan% 'luseyi
5ress 2td, ?>>>!
-yisi, G! English for Higher Education (8evised -d! Goy -yisi and
8aph <;oe;ie (-ds! :imo% 8e. "harles P 5atri#) 2td!, ?>>@!
Cornby, 3!0! Oxford dvanced Learner!s "ictionary of #urrent English.
0i.th edition! 0ally +ehmeir (ed '.ford <niversity 5ress, ?>>D!
2awren#e, 8!0! $uide to %u&lic '(eaking. 2ondon% 5an Aoo)s
2imited, D97=
21