Code No: 310105

III B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examiatios! No"em#er-$003

%E&TEC'NIC() EN%INEERIN%
*Ci"il Egieerig+
Time: 3 hours ,ax. ,ar-s: .0
(s/er a0 1I2E 3uestios
(ll 3uestios carr0 e3ual mar-s
- - -
1. a) Define Porosity and Void ratio
b) By three phase diagram show that the degree of saturation can be expressed
interms of mass unit weight , water content w and specifi gravity of soil grains
, and unit weight of water.
c) ! soil sample weighing 1" #$%m
&
has water content of &'(. )he *pecific gravity
of soil particle is '."+. Determine ,) Void ratio ii) Porosity iii) Degree of
saturation.
'.a) Define and explain the significance of uniformity coefficient and coefficient of
curvature
b) -xplain pycnometer method of finding the specific gravity of soil sample
&.a) -xplain the Phenomena of capillarity and surface tension.
b) ,n a falling head test the head fell from &.. mm to 1.. mm in /.. seconds for a
sample whose diameter was ten times that of stand pipe and whose length was
1.. mm. 0ind the coefficient of permeability. 1*oil sample has a void ratio of
..+'). 2hat would be your answer if void ratio is increased to .."'.
3.a) Derive the 4aplace e5uation for two dimensional flow.
b) )he surface of saturated clay deposit is located permanently below the body of
water. )he average natural water content of clay is +.( and specific gravity of
soil solids is '.6'. 7alculate the inter granular pressure at a depth of / m below
the surface of clay layer.
+.a) 8ow would you determine the stresses at a point due to 1a) *trip load
1b) 7ircular load. 7ompare the 9ones of influence due to the two types of
loads.
b) ! load of 1"#$%m: is uniformly distributed over a circular area of "m
diameter at the ground surface. 7alculate the vertical stress at a point P which
is at a depth of +m directly below the center of the loaded area.
Cotd4$
Set No.
1
Code No. 310105 -$- Set No.1
".a) 2hat are the methods adopted for determining the density of soil in the field;
-xplain any one method and its limitations.
b) !n earth emban<ment is to be compacted to a density of 1= <$% m> at a moisture
7ontent of 13(. )he in?situ bul< density and water content of the borrow pit are
1/ <$%m> and /( respectively. 8ow much excavation should be carried out from
the borrow pit for each m> of the emban<ment;
6.a) Bring out the points of difference between compaction and consolidations
b) ! normally consolidated clay layer of 1. m thic<ness has a unit weight of '.
<$%m> and specific gravity '.6'. )he li5uid limit of the clay is +/(. ! structure
constructed on this clay increase the overburden by 1.(. -stimate the ultimate
consolidation settlement. )here is no secondary compression.
/.a) -nlighten the statement@ )he shear strength parameters are not the fundamental
parameters of the soil but only mathematical parameters.
b) ! cohesionless soil has an angle of internal friction of &.
.
.
1i) ,f a specimen of the soil is subAected to maAor and minor principal stresses of
'.. <Pa and 1+. <Pa respectively, will the specimen fail; 2hy;
1ii) ! minor principal stress of 1.. <Pa is imposed on the specimen and the
maAor principal stress is steadily increased. 7an the specimen sustain a
maAor principal stress of 3.. <Pa; 2hy;
555
Code No: 310105
III B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examiatios! No"em#er-$003
%E&TEC'NIC() EN%INEERIN%
*Ci"il Egieerig+
Time: 3 hours ,ax. ,ar-s: .0
(s/er a0 1I2E 3uestios
(ll 3uestios carr0 e3ual mar-s
- - -
1.a) Define ,) Bul< density ii) Belative density iii) dry density
b) 2ith usual notation show that C 1 D *.e) w % 1 D e
c) ! saturated soil sample has a water content of '+( and unit weight of 'g%cc 1'.
#$%m
&)
. Determine i) the specific gravity of the solid particles ii) Dry weight
iii) Void ratio
'.a) -xplain with the help of particle si9e distribution curves the following types of
soils i) 2ell graded ii) Eniformly graded
b) Describe how Plastic limit of the soil is determined in the laboratory;
&.a) -stablish for a two layered soil that the average coefficient of permeability in the
direction parallel to flow is higher than that normal to the flow.
b) 7alculate the coefficient of permeability of a soil sample, " cm in height and +.
cm
'
in cross sectional area, if a 5uantity of water e5ual to 3&. c.c. passed down in
1. minutes, under an effective head of 3. cm.
Fn oven drying the test specimen has mass of 3.=/ $. )a<ing specific gravity of
solids as '."+, calculate the seepage velocity of water during test.
3.a) 2hy are 5uic< sand condition more common in sandy soils;
b) 2hat is the significance of Gexit gradientH in seepage problems;
! vertical sheet pile penetrates / m into an uniform sand stratum, 1+ m thic<,
overlying an impervious layer. ,t retains water for " m above .4. Draw the flow
net and determine the seepage under the pile. )a<e # C 3 x 1.
?'
m%sec.
+.a) Describe the method of calculating the stress at a point below the corner of a
rectangular load. 8ow is this method used for finding the stresses at points
other than that below the corner;
b) ! load of 1+ #$%*5m is uniformly distributed over a circular area of +m
diameter at the ground surface. Determine the intensity of vertical pressure
below the center of the loaded area at a depth of 3m below the ground surface.
Ese Boussines5Is e5uation.
Cotd4$
Set No.
$
Code No. 310105 -$- Set No.$
".a) Describe the Proctor J7ompaction )estI and give its use for construction of area
emban<ments.
b) )he maximum dry density and optimum moisture content of a soil from *tandard
ProctorIs test are 1./g%cm> and 1"( respectively. 7ompute the degree of
saturation of the sample, assuming the specific gravity of soil grains as '.6..
6.a) Describe a suitable procedure for determining preconsolidation pressure.
b) -xplain J secondary consolidation J.
c) )he total anticipated settlement due to consolidation of a clay layer under a
certain Pressure is 1+. mm. ,f 3+ mm of settlement has occurred in = months,
what is the expected settlement in 1/ months;
/.a) 0ind the angle made by failure plane with maAor principal plane using KohrLs
circle and strength envelope
b) 2hat are the types of tests that could be conducted in triaxial test based on
drainage;
c) ! sample of cohesionless sand in a direct shear test fails under a shear stress of
".. <Pa when the normal stress is /.. <Pa. 0ind the principal stresses and locate
the principal planes.
555
Code No: 310105
III B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examiatios! No"em#er-$003
%E&TEC'NIC() EN%INEERIN%
*Ci"il Egieerig+
Time: 3 hours ,ax. ,ar-s: .0
(s/er a0 1I2E 3uestios
(ll 3uestios carr0 e3ual mar-s
- - -
1.a) -xplain with s<etches the following structures i) *ingle grained ii) 8oney combed
iii) flocculent.
b) Derive the relation between void ratio and porosity
'.a) 2hat are the limitations of any soil classification system
b) 2hat are common classification )ests for *oils
c) Describe in detail how to distinguish between
i) 2 or P or K or 7
ii) *2 or *P or *K or *7

&.a) *tate DarcyIs 4aw. -xplain the validity of DarcyIs 4aw.
b) Distinguish between discharge velocity and seepage velocity.
c) ! falling head permeameter accommodates a soil sample " cm height and +. cm
'
in cross?sectional area. )he permeability of the sample is expected to be 1 x 1.
?3
cm%sec. ,f it is desired that the head in stand pipe should fall from &. cm to 1. cm
in 3. minutes, determine the si9e of the stand pipe which should be used.
3.a) 2hat are the properties of the flow nets.
b) 2hat is critical hydraulic gradient; -xplain its importance.
+.a) -xplain how the pressure distribution diagrams can be prepared by Boussines5
stress theory.
b) ! circular area is loaded with a uniform load intensity of 1.. <$%m
'
at ground
surface. 7alculate the vertical pressure at a point P so situated on the vertical line
through the center of loaded area that the area subtends an angle =.
.
at P. use the
Boussines5 analysis.
".a) -xplain why soils are compacted in the field. 8ow is the degree of compaction
ensured in the field ;
b) ! soil has been dumped loosely from a scraper. ,t has a unit weight of 1" <$%m> ,
a water content of 1..+( and a specific gravity of solids of '."/. 0ind the void
ratio, porosity, and unit weight of soil in loose condition.
0or compaction an optimum water content of 1+( is necessary. 8ow much water
should be added to in litres%m> of soil to raise the water content to the optimum
water content;
Set No.
3
Cotd4$
Code No. 310105 -$- Set No.3
6.a) Fbtain the differential e5uation defining the one?dimensional consolidation as
given by )er9aghi.
b) ,n a consolidation test, the following results have been obtained. 2hen the load
was changed from +. <$%m: to 1.. <$%m:, the void ratio changed from ..6. to
.."+. Determine the coefficient of volume decrease, and the compression index.
/.a) -xplain how *<emptonLs pore pressure parameters are determined for a partially
saturated soil in a triaxial compression test.

b) ! cylinder of soil fails under an axial vertical stress of '.. <Pa when it is laterally
unconfined. )he failure plane ma<es an angle of 3=
.
with the hori9ontal. 0ind the
values of cohesion and angle of internal friction 1,) analytically 1ii) by drawing
KohrLs circle.
555
Code No: 310105
III B.Tech. I-Semester Regular Examiatios! No"em#er-$003
%E&TEC'NIC() EN%INEERIN%
*Ci"il Egieerig+
Time: 3 hours ,ax. ,ar-s: .0
(s/er a0 1I2E 3uestios
(ll 3uestios carr0 e3ual mar-s
- - -
1.a) -xplain the terms i) ( voids ii) !ir content
b) Distinguish between @
i) Density index and li5uidity index ii) !ctivity and sensitivity
c) Describe gendering method for the determination of water content of a soil
samble in a laboratory.
'.a) Describe grain si9e distribution test procedure and the use of this result in
classifying coarse grained soil.
b) Define Plasticity index and shrin<age limit. -xplain their use in soil engineering
practice.
&.a) Discuss various factors which affect the permeability of soil.
b) 8ori9ontal and vertical permeability of an emban<ment are +x 1.
?3
m%sec and
& x 1.
?3
m%sec respectively. )he full reservoir level is '. m above the down
stream. )he flow net constructed for the transformed section of the
emban<ment consists of + flow channels and 1. e5uipotential drops. -stimate
the seepage loss per meter length of dam.
3. ! 1.m thic< sand deposit overlies a bed of soft clay. )he water table is +m from
the ground surface. ,f the sand above the water table has a 3+( degree of
saturation, calculate the effective stress at the middle and bottom of the sand layer.
)a<e e C .."/ and s C '."+.
+.a) Derive the expression for vertical pressure under strip load.
b) )he uniform intensity of loading at the foundation level of a building is 1.m
in width and very great extent in length, with the intensity of loading of 1..
<$%m
'
. Esing $ewmar<Is chart, find the vertical stress at the depth of 1m under
the center line and the edge of the building. 7hec< your answers by analytical
solution.
".a) 2hat is the effect of compaction on engineering properties of soils;
b) ! soil in the borrow pit is at a dry density of 1.6 Kg% m> with water content of
1'(. ,f a soil mass of '... cubic metre volume is excavated from it and
compacted in an emban<ment with a porosity of ..&', calculate the volume of the
emban<ment which can be constructed out of this material. !ssume C '.6..
Cotd4$
Set No.
6
Code No. 310105 -$- Set No.6
6.a) Distinguish between normally consolidated and overconsolidated soils.
b) -xplain in detail any one method for determining the coefficient of consolidation
of soil.
c) )he void ratio of a clay is 1.+", and its compression index is found to be ../ at
Pressure of 1/. <$%m:. 2hat will be the void ratio if the pressure is increased to
'3. <$%m:;
/. )he results of a series of 7onsolidated Endrained tests on undisturbed samples of
overconsolidated clay were as below@
7ell Pressure 1<Pa) 1.. '.. 3.. "..
Deviator stress at failure1<Pa) &.. 31. "1. /+.
Pore pressure at failure 1<Pa) ?3+ ?1+ +. 11.
Determine the shear strength parameters in terms of effective stresses. !lso, plot
the variation of pore pressure coefficient at failure with the cell pressure.

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