TRANSITION METALS TEST MS

1. (a) 1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
5
(1);
Has an incomplete set of 3d electrons (1) 2
Allow 3d orbitals are not completely occupied / incomplete 3d
sub-shell
Allow has half-filled d orbitals
(b) Any two from
Variable oxidation state / variable valency (1);
Act as catalysts (1);
orm complexes / form complex ions (1);
orm colo!red compo!nds (1) 2
Not high melting point / good thermal and electrical
conductors / high density etc
(c) "ron ("") ions #ive a #reen ppt (1);
"ron (""") ions #ive an oran#e$r!st ppt (1) 2
Precipitate must be used once
Allow solid instead of ppt
(d) %e
2&
& '
2
& %H
&
( %e
3&
& 2H
2
'
)orrect reactants and prod!cts (1);
)orrect balancin# (1) 2
[8]

2. (i) )entral ion s!rro!nded by molec!les/ions/li#ands 1
(ii) *olec!le/ion +it, a lone pair of electrons 1
Able to form a dative covalent or co$ordinate bond /
+,ic, can be donated 1
[3]

3. (a) (i) (-l!e to) yello+ (sol!tion) / (bl!e to) #reen (sol!tion) (1) 1
(ii) .one pair on c,loride ion (1);
/onated to copper("") ion (1) 2
Allow dative bond / coordinate bond (1)
Allow marks via a diagram that must show lone pairs and the
dative bond
(b) (.i#,t) bl!e precipitate / bl!e solid (1);
0it, excess (dar1) bl!e sol!tion (1) 2
Not just goes blue
[5]

Paddington Academy 1
4. (i) Has a (lone) pair of electrons that can be donated / lone pair that can form
a dative bond / pair of electrons that can form a coordinate bond (1) 1
(ii) 3/ dia#ram of octa,edral str!ct!re (1);
-ond an#le 234 (1) 2
Name
octahedral must be present to score two marks
Allow use of wedges and dotted lines to indicate three
dimensions
Allow three dimensions if at least two bond angles of 9! are
shown that clearly demonstrate 3"
If two different bond angles do not award bond angle mark
[3]
5. (a) 5+o lone pairs/ able to form t+o dative covalent / co$ordinate bonds 1
(b) 6tereoisomerism 7 same atoms +it, same order of bonds b!t a
different spatial arran#ement / same str!ct!re b!t different
arran#ement of atoms 1
-ot, isomers dra+n for cis / trans 2
-ot, isomers dra+n for optical (m!st be mirror ima#es) 2
(all dia#rams to s,o+ 3$/ arran#ement)
8nantiomers/non s!perimposable mirror ima#es 1
Rotate plane polarised li#,t in opposite direction by same
n!mber of de#rees (any t+o for 1 mar1) 1
[8]
6. (i) )is platin 1
(ii) -inds to /9A 1
:revents cell from replicatin# / cells die 1
[3]
7. (i) )opper may react +it, potassi!m man#anate(V"") /
iron(""") ions formed in titration may be red!ced bac1 to
iron("") ions by t,e copper (1) 1
(ii) *n'
%
7
#ains electrons and is red!ced / *n oxidation
state c,an#es from &; to &2 so it is red!ced (1);
e
2&
loses electrons and is oxidised / e oxidation state
c,an#es from &2 to &3 so it is oxidised (1) 2
(iii) *oles of *n'
%
7
< %=53 > 13
7%
(1);
*oles of e
2&
< 5 > moles *n'
%
7
/ 2=25 > 13
73
(1);
*ass of e < moles of e
2&
> 55=? / 3=1256 (1);
:ercenta#e < 1?=6 @ (1) %
Allow answers that use #$ for A
r
of %e this gives &'()
Allow ecf
[7]
Paddington Academy 2
8. (a) (i) Zinc 1
(ii) )oins & resist corrosion (not r!stin#) / ,ard +earin#
'r stat!es & resist corrosion/ attractive patina
'r electrical connections & #ood cond!ctor
'r m!sical instr!ments & attractive / sonoro!s
'r pl!mbin# fixt!res & ,ard / corrosion resistant 1
(b) (i) 6odi!m carbonate/sodi!m ,ydroxide/ot,er s!itable
named al1ali (accept correct form!lae) 1
/o not accept Aal1aliB on its o+n
(ii) 6tarc, 1
(iii) C!st before t,e end point/+,en sol!tion t!rns pale stra+ 1
(c) (i) 3=332 mol 1
(ii) 'ne (1) 1
(iii) 3=332 mol 1
(iv) 3=332 mols )!
2&
contains 3=332 > 63=5 # of )! < 3=12; # 1
253 cm
3
of sol!tion contains 13 > 3=12; # < 1=2; # 1
@ )! < 1=2;/1=65 > 133 < ;;=3@ 1
(Allo+ ;6=2$;;=3; allo+ ecf)
[11]
Paddington Academy 3
9. Transition element
Cu
2+
1s
2
2s
2
2p
6
3s
2
3p
6
3d
9
(1)
!ransition elements have one o"idation state that has an
incomplete set of 3d electrons / have one ion #ith a half$filled 3d orbital (1)
Allow has at least one half-filled d orbital / partially filled 3d
sub-shell
Com!e" #on
8xample of a $oer complex ion e=#= D)!(H
2
')
6
E
2&
or )!)l
%
27
(1);
/ia#ram of t,e copper complex s,o+in# t,ree
dimensions e=#= !se of +ed#es or dotted lines (1);
)orrect bond an#le to matc, t,e complex / correct name
of t,e s,ape of t,e complex (1);
*f a copper comple+ that does not e+ist is used then first three
marks not available
*f a correct iron comple+ is given then e+ample mark cannot be
awarded
Allow s,uare planar where appropriate
.i#and is an electron a#r donor (1);
)opper("") ion is an electron a#r acceptor (1);
/ative bond exists bet+een li#and and t,e copper("") ion (1)
-lectron pair donor. electron pair acceptor and dative bond
marks can awarded from an appropriate diagram
%roert#e&
6everal oxidation states e=#= copper ,as &1 and &2 or iron ,as &2 and &3 (1);
*gnore copper has a /3
*gnore iron has a /$ o+idation state
orms colo!red compo!nds e=#= copper(ii) c,loride is
#reen or iron("") s!lp,ate is pale #reen (1);
8lement or compo!nd ,as catalytic properties
e=#= "ron is a catalyst in t,e Haber process (1) 11
'(a!#ty of wr#tten $omm(n#$at#on
Fse of tec,nical terms 7 at least t,ree terms from t,e follo+in# list are
!sed in t,e correct context
G li#and
G dative bond
G coordinate bond
G tetra,edral
G sH!are planar
G octa,edral
G oxidation (state)
G catalyst
G electron pair
G lone pair
G orbital
G s!b$s,ell (1) 1
[12]
Paddington Academy 4